CN110580692B - Method for correcting radiation consistency of multi-line time difference scanning image - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for correcting the radiation consistency of a multi-line time difference scanning image, which can effectively correct the non-uniform phenomenon in the line scanning image and can eliminate the integral radiation difference of the image between lines. The scheme is as follows: performing time difference scanning by adopting lines with the number larger than 1, wherein each line consists of N detection elements and has consistent structure; n is a positive integer; one of the lines is selected as a reference line, and the other lines are selected as lines to be corrected. And scanning by adopting the reference line array to obtain a reference line array image, and performing internal non-uniformity correction on the reference line array image. And scanning the line array to be corrected to obtain a line array image to be corrected. And the detection elements in the line array to be corrected correspond to the detection elements in the reference line array one by one, and the scanning area of each detection element in the corrected reference line array image is used for calculating a correction reference parameter so as to correct the scanning area of the corresponding detection element in the line array image to be corrected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of target detection, in particular to a method for correcting radiation consistency of a multi-line time difference scanning image.
Background
The difference of the detectors during development and the change of the optical characteristics of the detectors along with the time lapse after operation cause the inconsistency of the response functions of the detectors, so that the remote sensing image has special noise which is distributed periodically, directionally and in a strip shape
Due to the influence of comprehensive factors such as the infrared detection device, process conditions, external input and the like, and the change of optical characteristics of the infrared detection device along with the time lapse after operation, the response function of the detector is inconsistent, so that the satellite remote sensing image has special noise which is directional and is distributed in a strip shape, namely non-uniform noise. The non-uniform noise has a great influence on the image quality, and further influences the subsequent image application. Detector non-uniformity has therefore been one of the important issues that imaging systems need to address. Generally, a polynomial fitting method, a statistical method and other methods are adopted to carry out non-uniformity correction, so that the non-uniformity phenomenon is eliminated or weakened, and the subsequent data processing is facilitated.
However, for the multi-line array time difference scanning image, in addition to eliminating the non-uniformity of each line array image, the gray level difference caused by the overall response difference between the line array images is also reduced as much as possible, so that the subsequent processing such as inter-frame matching, background clutter cancellation and the like is facilitated.
Therefore, how to correct the non-uniformity caused by the non-uniformity of the detector response existing in the time difference scanning image of multiple lines and the corresponding non-uniformity of the overall radiation among the lines is a problem to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for correcting radiation uniformity of a multi-line time difference scanning image, which can effectively correct non-uniformity inside a line scanning image and simultaneously eliminate the overall radiation difference of the line scanning image.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the method for correcting the radiation consistency of the multi-line time difference scanning image adopts the line arrays with the number more than 1 to carry out time difference scanning, and each line array consists of N detection elements and has a consistent structure.
One of the lines is selected as a reference line, and the other lines are selected as lines to be corrected.
And scanning by adopting the reference line array to obtain a reference line array image, and performing internal non-uniformity correction on the reference line array image.
And scanning the line array to be corrected to obtain a line array image to be corrected.
And the detection elements in the line array to be corrected correspond to the detection elements in the reference line array one by one, and the scanning area of each detection element in the corrected reference line array image is used for calculating a correction reference parameter so as to correct the scanning area of the corresponding detection element in the line array image to be corrected.
Further, the internal non-uniformity correction is performed on the reference line column image, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
respectively calculating the mean value m of each detection element scanning area in the reference line array image1,kSum variance σ1,kAnd performing internal non-uniformity correction on the reference line column image, wherein the gray value of each pixel in the corrected reference line column image is as follows:
wherein I1c(i, j) is the corrected gray value of the (i, j) th pixel in the reference line column image; i is1(i,j)Is the gray value of the (i, j) th pixel in the reference line column image, m1,iIs the mean value, sigma, of the gray values of the ith column in the reference line column image1,iThe mean value of the ith row of gray values in the reference line row image is obtained; m isrIs a set first reference mean value; sigmarIs the set second reference variance.
Wherein m isrAnd σrThe setting method is as follows:
the reference line image is I1Statistics of I1The histogram of (1); removing I according to a set proportion1The histogram of (1) is distributed with gray value data of the highest end and the lowest end to obtain I after the histogram is adjusted1(ii) a Adjusted histogram of I1Has a mean value of m1Variance is σ1In m is1Is a reference mean value mrAnd σ1As a reference variance σr。
Or
Calculating the mean value and the variance of each detection element scanning area in the reference line array image, and calculating the mean value of the mean values of all the detection element scanning areas as a reference mean value mrThe mean value of the mean square deviations of all the probe scanning areas is the reference square deviation sigmar。
Further, calculating a calibration reference parameter by using the scanning area of each detecting element in the calibrated reference line array image, and calibrating the scanning area of the corresponding detecting element in the line array image to be calibrated, specifically:
calculating the mean value and variance of each detection element scanning area in the corrected reference line array image as the corrected mean value m of the corresponding detection element2r,iAnd correcting the variance σ2r,iI.e. the calibration reference parameter.
Using said corrected mean value m2r,iAnd correcting the variance σ2r,iCorrecting the scanning area of the corresponding detecting element in the line array image to be corrected, wherein the gray value of each pixel of the corrected line array image to be corrected is as follows:
wherein I2c(i, j) is the corrected gray value of the (i, j) th pixel in the line and column image to be corrected; i is2(i,j)Is the gray value of the (i, j) th pixel in the line and column image to be corrected, m2,iIs the mean value, sigma, of the gray value of the ith column in the line-column image to be corrected2,iThe variance of the gray value of the ith column in the line-column image to be corrected is obtained.
Has the advantages that:
the invention provides a method for correcting the radiation consistency of a multi-line time difference scanning image, which is characterized in that a method based on scene statistical characteristics is utilized, internal non-uniform correction is firstly carried out on a reference line image, non-uniform noise in the reference line image is eliminated, then an image scanned by each detection element of a line image to be corrected is corrected by taking the corrected reference line image as a reference, not only is the internal non-uniform correction carried out on the line image to be corrected, but also the integral difference of gray levels between two lines is eliminated, and therefore, the purposes of internal non-uniform correction of a single image and integral radiation consistency correction between the lines are achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for correcting radiation uniformity of a multi-line time difference scanning image according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a simulation experiment result diagram of infrared weak and small target detection false alarm suppression by using the multi-line time difference scanning image radiation consistency correction method provided by the invention, wherein (a), (b) and (c) are respectively non-uniform coefficient comparison diagrams before and after correction corresponding to lines 1, 2 and 3; where ". smallcircle" denotes the non-uniform coefficient before correction and ". starrcle" denotes the non-uniform coefficient after correction.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a multi-line time difference scanning image radiation consistency correction method, as shown in figure 1, time difference scanning is carried out by adopting more than 1 line array, each line array consists of N detection elements, and the structures of the line arrays are consistent; n is a positive integer; n is determined according to the detection range, and may be set empirically.
One of the lines is selected as a reference line, and the other lines are selected as lines to be corrected.
And scanning the reference line array to obtain a reference line array image, and performing internal non-uniformity correction on the reference line array image.
And scanning the line array to be corrected to obtain a line array image to be corrected.
And the detection elements in the line array to be corrected correspond to the detection elements in the reference line array one by one, the scanning area of each detection element in the corrected reference line array image is used for calculating a correction reference parameter, the scanning area of the corresponding detection element in the line array image to be corrected is corrected, and the obtained correction result is the radiation consistency correction result of the line array scanning image to be corrected.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the internal non-uniformity correction of the reference line array image specifically includes the following steps:
respectively calculating the mean value m of each detection element scanning area in the reference line array image1,kSum variance σ1,kAnd performing internal non-uniformity correction on the reference line column image, wherein the gray value of each pixel in the corrected reference line column image is as follows:
wherein I1c(i, j) is the corrected gray value of the (i, j) th pixel in the reference line column image; i is1(i,j)Is the gray value of the (i, j) th pixel in the reference line column image, m1,iIs the mean value, sigma, of the gray values of the ith column in the reference line column image1,iThe mean value of the ith row of gray values in the reference line row image is obtained; m isrIs a set first reference mean value; sigmarIs a set second reference variance;
wherein m isrAnd σrThe setting mode of (2) includes two types:
the reference line image is I1Statistics of I1The histogram of (1); removing I according to a set proportion1The histogram of (1) is distributed with gray value data of the highest end and the lowest end to obtain I after the histogram is adjusted1(ii) a Adjusted histogram of I1Has a mean value of m1Variance is σ1In m is1Is a reference mean value mrAnd σ1As a reference variance σr；
Or
Calculating the mean value and the variance of each detection element scanning area in the reference line array image, and calculating the mean value of the mean values of all the detection element scanning areas as a reference mean value mrThe mean value of the mean square deviations of all the probe scanning areas is the reference square deviation sigmar。
In the embodiment of the present invention, the method for correcting the scanning area of each detecting element in the corrected reference line array image includes the steps of calculating a correction reference parameter for the scanning area of each detecting element in the corrected reference line array image, and correcting the scanning area of the corresponding detecting element in the line array image to be corrected, specifically:
calculating the mean value and variance of each detection element scanning area in the corrected reference line array image as the corrected mean value m of the corresponding detection element2r,iAnd correcting the variance σ2r,iI.e. the calibration reference parameter.
Using the mean value of the correction m2r,iAnd correcting the variance σ2r,iCorrecting the scanning area of the corresponding detecting element in the line array image to be corrected, wherein the gray value of each pixel of the corrected line array image to be corrected is as follows:
wherein I2c(i, j) is the corrected gray value of the (i, j) th pixel in the line and column image to be corrected; i is2(i,j)Is the gray value of the (i, j) th pixel in the line-column image to be corrected, m2,iIs the mean value, sigma, of the gray values of the ith column in the line-column image to be corrected2,iIs the variance of the gray value of the ith column in the line column image to be corrected.
The simulation experiment result of the infrared weak and small target detection false alarm suppression by using the method is shown in figure 2; fig. 2 is a comparison graph of non-uniformity coefficients before and after correction, wherein "∘" represents the non-uniformity coefficients before correction, and "-" represents the non-uniformity coefficients after correction, and the non-uniformity coefficients after correction are reduced by 30% to 50%. The results for more than 3 lines are consistent with the results for 2 lines and 3 lines. Wherein (a), (b) and (c) are respectively non-uniformity coefficient comparison graphs before and after correction corresponding to the lines 1, 2 and 3.
According to simulation experiment results, the method can effectively remove non-uniform noise caused by corresponding inconsistency of the detection elements.
In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A multi-line time difference scanning image radiation consistency correction method is characterized in that time difference scanning is carried out by adopting line rows with the number larger than 1, each line row consists of N detection elements and has consistent structure; n is a positive integer;
selecting one line as a reference line and taking other lines as lines to be corrected;
scanning by adopting a reference line array to obtain a reference line array image, and performing internal non-uniformity correction on the reference line array image, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
respectively calculating each detection element scan in the reference line imageMean value m of the drawing area1,kSum variance σ1,kAnd performing internal non-uniformity correction on the reference line column image, wherein the gray value of each pixel in the corrected reference line column image is as follows:
wherein I1c(i, j) is the corrected gray value of the (i, j) th pixel in the reference line column image; i is1(i,j)Is the gray value of the (i, j) th pixel in the reference line column image, m1,iIs the mean value, sigma, of the gray values of the ith column in the reference line column image1,iThe mean value of the ith row of gray values in the reference line row image is obtained; m isrIs a set first reference mean value; sigmarIs a set second reference variance;
wherein m isrAnd σrThe setting method is as follows:
the reference line image is I1Statistics of I1The histogram of (1);
removing I according to a set proportion1The histogram of (1) is distributed with gray value data of the highest end and the lowest end to obtain I after the histogram is adjusted1；
Adjusted histogram of I1Has a mean value of m1Variance is σ1In m is1Is a reference mean value mrAnd σ1As a reference variance σr；
Or
Calculating the mean value and the variance of each detection element scanning area in the reference line array image, and calculating the mean value of the mean values of all the detection element scanning areas as a reference mean value mrThe mean value of the mean square deviations of all the probe scanning areas is the reference square deviation sigmar；
Scanning the line array to be corrected to obtain a line array image to be corrected;
and the detection elements in the line array to be corrected correspond to the detection elements in the reference line array one by one, and the scanning area of each detection element in the corrected reference line array image is used for calculating a correction reference parameter so as to correct the scanning area of the corresponding detection element in the line array image to be corrected.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of calculating the calibration reference parameter by using the scanning area of each detecting element in the calibrated reference line array image to calibrate the scanning area of the corresponding detecting element in the line array image to be calibrated is specifically as follows:
calculating the mean value and variance of each detection element scanning area in the corrected reference line array image as the corrected mean value m of the corresponding detection element2r,iAnd correcting the variance σ2r,iI.e. the calibration reference parameter;
using said corrected mean value m2r,iAnd correcting the variance σ2r,iCorrecting the scanning area of the corresponding detecting element in the line array image to be corrected, wherein the gray value of each pixel of the corrected line array image to be corrected is as follows:
wherein I2c(i, j) is the corrected gray value of the (i, j) th pixel in the line and column image to be corrected; i is2(i,j)Is the gray value of the (i, j) th pixel in the line and column image to be corrected, m2,iIs the mean value, sigma, of the gray value of the ith column in the line-column image to be corrected2,iThe variance of the gray value of the ith column in the line-column image to be corrected is obtained.
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