CN110579432A - Dual-purpose sealing assembly and operation method - Google Patents
Dual-purpose sealing assembly and operation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110579432A CN110579432A CN201910909651.5A CN201910909651A CN110579432A CN 110579432 A CN110579432 A CN 110579432A CN 201910909651 A CN201910909651 A CN 201910909651A CN 110579432 A CN110579432 A CN 110579432A
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 44
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001093 Zr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008204 material by function Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001728 nano-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005597 polymer membrane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
- F16J15/06—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
- F16J15/06—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
- F16J15/062—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces characterised by the geometry of the seat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
- F16J15/06—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
- F16J15/10—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/0806—Details, e.g. sample holders, mounting samples for testing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/088—Investigating volume, surface area, size or distribution of pores; Porosimetry
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
The sealing assembly is suitable for tubular and sheet samples and is composed of a clamp (1) and a clamp (2), wherein the clamp (1) is used for sealing the tubular sample alone, and the clamps (1) and (2) are used for the sheet sample after being combined. Torsion and shear forces on the sample are completely avoided during the sealing operation. The seal assembly has strong adaptability to sample size and reduces the number of seal assemblies, regardless of tubular or sheet samples. The movable clamping plate of the sealing assembly is not connected with a pipeline, and the material inlet and the material outlet are positioned on the side surface or the back surface of the whole testing assembly, so that the operation is convenient and the space is saved. Aiming at high-pressure test, the sealing assembly can achieve good sealing effect without excessively applying pressure on the clamp, and the sealing operation safety is improved. The seal assembly is compact in design, and can easily lead out gas and liquid when gas and liquid tests are carried out, so that damage to operators and the environment is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sealing of tubular and sheet materials, in particular to a quick sealing assembly required in gas or liquid permeability detection and an operation method.
Background
Membrane separation has become an important means for solving the problems of energy, resources and environment, and the core of the membrane separation is high-performance membrane materials, such as polymer membranes, ceramic membranes, metal membranes, molecular sieve membranes and the like, which can be classified into microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis and the like. In industrial applications, it is desirable to seal and form membrane assemblies from membrane materials to facilitate the installation of the membranes. For flexible membrane materials, the membrane material is typically sealed and secured to a rigid material using an adhesive and then installed within the membrane shell. For ceramic-like rigid but brittle membrane materials, it is common to seal and mount them in a membrane shell by a soft sealing material. For metallic film materials, sealing and installation is easier due to the solderability of the metal.
The research, development and production quality control of the membrane material need to carry out various performance tests, a plurality of test standards are established at home and abroad, a series of detection methods of performance indexes (such as gas flux, liquid flux, pure water flux, rejection rate, molecular weight cut-off, maximum pore diameter, average pore diameter, airtightness, integrity, strength and stability) are specified, and the tests need appropriate test components, can seal the membrane material, provide a test medium flow channel and are matched with instrument equipment. The test assembly must be designed for membrane material samples, which tend to vary in size, with small samples being common in laboratory analyses. In the testing process, the membrane assembly generally needs to be reused, the frequent disassembling and assembling operations of the sample are met, the sample can be put into testing as soon as possible after being sealed and installed, and the testing efficiency is improved.
In the industrial application process, the membrane shell can realize the installation and detection of the membrane material, and many design patents and literature reports of various industrial membrane shells are not repeated herein. The membrane area of the industrial filtration and separation device is often larger, the sizes of the membrane shell and the membrane material are standardized as much as possible for reducing the cost of the membrane shell and the convenience of production and maintenance, the specific membrane shell is matched with the specification of the specific membrane material, the membrane material cannot be frequently detached and installed from the inside of the membrane shell, and even under some conditions, the membrane shell and the membrane material are disposable. Therefore, the design ideas of the industrial membrane housing and the membrane material test module are fundamentally different.
Although the film materials are commercially available, most are tubular and sheet-like in shape, and the seal assembly described in this patent is therefore primarily directed to these two types of film samples. The inventor of this patent refers to a paper published in 2006 [ Y.Huang, R.Dittmeyer.preparation and characterization of composite palladium membranes on site-metal support with a ceramic barrier dissolution.J.Membr.Sci., 2006, 282 (1-2): 296-310, a tubular membrane sample testing assembly is reported, which is composed of an upper clamping plate, a lower clamping plate and two columns with screws, and the two ends of the sample can be pressed tightly through the screws on the columns during sealing. The assembly is time consuming and labor intensive to operate and prone to distortion. Our 2016 patent discloses a better designed tubular membrane test assembly, which comprises a clamping plate, a guide rod, a screw rod and a sealing gasket, wherein the guide rod prevents the test assembly from being distorted, and the screw rod is used for dragging the clamping plate, so that the sample can be conveniently loaded and unloaded. However, the assembly is only suitable for tubular samples and still further improvements in performance are desired.
The conventional testing component of the sheet sample on the market often has the problems of troublesome operation, easy damage of the sample, difficult guarantee of the sealing effect and the like, and particularly has prominent problems in high-pressure testing. The sheet sample is generally subjected to edge compression in a flange mode (pressure is applied through a screw or a clamp), and the problems of inconvenience in operation, easiness in leakage and the like exist. The test assembly is also designed into a nut-bolt type, and the sample is pressed tightly by rotating the nut or the bolt, so that the sample is sealed; although the design is simple and the operation is simpler, the torsion or shearing force generated in the sealing process can easily crush and crush the sample.
In addition, the reported test assemblies are often poor in flexibility in adapting to sample sizes, even if one test assembly can only be adapted to a sample of one size, so that a plurality of test assemblies need to be processed when testing samples of various sizes, and the test cost is increased. Therefore, there is a strong need for a more compact, simple, reliable test assembly that is adaptable to both tube and sheet samples, and that has flexible adaptability to sample size, which has not been reported.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention designs and develops a dual-purpose sealing assembly and an operation method thereof, which are suitable for tubular samples and sheet samples, and the assembly is small and exquisite, light, good in sealing reliability and convenient to operate.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
A dual-purpose seal assembly, as shown in fig. 1, is primarily used to test the gas and liquid permeability properties, such as permeability, integrity, pore size distribution, gas tightness, compressive strength, stability, etc., of tubular and sheet samples. The sealing assembly is composed of a clamp (1) and a clamp (2). Wherein the clamp (1) is used for the tubular sample test alone, and the clamps (1) and (2) are combined for the sheet sample test.
As shown in fig. 2, the clamp (1) mainly comprises a base (101), a column (102), a movable clamping plate (103), a top beam (104), a screw nut (110), a screw (105), a lower sealing gasket (106) and an upper sealing gasket (108). The top surface of the base (101) and the bottom surface of the movable clamping plate (103) are provided with positioning grooves, and an upper sealing gasket (108) and a lower sealing gasket (106) are respectively arranged in the grooves. The base (101) and the top beam (104) are fixed with the upright post (102), and the movable clamping plate (103) is positioned between the base (101) and the top beam (104) and can slide along the upright post (102) but is always parallel to the base (101) and the top beam (104). The number of the upright posts (102) is 2-4, the upright posts penetrate through sliding guide rail holes on the movable clamping plates (103), and the inclination of the movable clamping plates (103) is controlled within 1 degree. The center of the top beam (104) contains a lead screw nut (110), and a lead screw (105) vertically penetrates through the lead screw nut (110) and is connected with a locking device (109) at the center of the top surface of the movable clamping plate (103). The lock (109) contains a bearing, which not only firmly connects the lead screw (105) with the movable clamp plate (103), but also enables the lead screw (105) to freely rotate. The screw (105) does not penetrate the movable clamp plate (103) so as not to affect the flatness of the bottom surface of the latter. The tail end of the screw rod (105) is provided with a rotating handle, and the movable clamping plate (103) can be driven to lift when the screw rod (105) is rotated. The same function can be realized by replacing the screw rod with a common screw rod and a common nut, but the screw rod effect is better. The lead screw generally has a trapezoidal shape, a rectangular shape, a ball shape, etc., and can be used in the patent. The base (101), the top beam (104) and the movable clamping plate (103) have the same projection shape, and are preferably rectangular, square and circular.
The base (101) has a thickness of 5-40mm, and is perforated horizontally from one side surface to the center thereof, and is perforated downward from the center of the top surface until the two holes communicate with each other. The pore size is 3-25mm, and the specific pore size depends on the flow rate of gas or liquid. The side hole of the base (101) is a gas or liquid inlet, and a pipeline connecting clamping sleeve is arranged at the hole, so that gas or liquid can be led from the base (101). When the testing pressure is lower than 1MPa, a plastic pipeline and a plastic quick connector can be selected, otherwise, a metal pipeline or a high-pressure-resistant hose is adopted for connection. The top surface of the base (101) and the bottom surface of the movable clamping plate (103) are provided with sealing gaskets, wherein the upper sealing gasket (108) is not provided with a hole, the middle part of the lower sealing gasket (106) is provided with a hole, and the hole diameter is not smaller than the surface hole of the base (101), so that the pipeline of the base (101) is kept smooth.
As shown in fig. 3, the holder (2) includes a sample cell (201), a lower seal gasket (202), a sheet sample (203), a porous metal support sheet (204), an upper seal gasket (205), and a cover (206). The central position of the bottom of the sample cell is provided with a hole with the aperture of 5-30mm, and when the clamp (2) and the clamp (1) are combined together, the hole is communicated with the top surface hole of the base (101) of the clamp (1). The lower sealing gasket (202) and the upper sealing gasket (205) are the same and both are provided with holes in the centers, the hole diameter is not smaller than that of the holes at the bottom of the sample cell, and the sample testing area can be easily controlled by changing the hole diameter of the sealing gaskets. Alternatively, the openings of the gaskets (202, 205) may be circular, square, triangular, or other shapes (as shown in FIG. 4) to control the test area of the sample by the size and shape of the openings of the gaskets (202, 205). The porous metal support sheet may provide mechanical support for a deformable or non-rigid sample to prevent data distortion due to sample compression deformation or damage during testing. When the sample is a rigid material, the porous metal support sheet (204) may be omitted. The porous metal support sheet (204) is preferably made of stainless steel, brass, titanium and nickel, is in a powder sintering type or a screen sintering type, has a homogeneous section structure (also called symmetrical type) or a gradient section structure (also called asymmetrical type), has a thickness of 1-3mm, has a flat surface, and does not deform in the sample sealing and testing processes. The average pore size of the porous metal support sheet (204) is 5-500 μm, and different pore sizes can be selected for different samples, but the average pore size of the porous metal support sheet (204) is 2-20 times the average pore size of the samples. Too large a pore size easily causes the sample surface to embed into the porous metal support sheet (204) during the sealing process, and too small a pore size affects the sample test result due to the permeation resistance of the porous metal support sheet (204). The cover (206) is composed of a plunger and a cap, and when the cover is buckled on the sample cell (201), the plunger can extend to the bottom of the sample cell (201). The bottom surface of the plunger piston is axially perforated, the side surface of the column cap is transversely perforated towards the axle center until the two holes are communicated, so that a 7-shaped pore canal can be formed, and the pore diameter of the pore canal is equal to that of the bottom of the sample pool. The side hole of the column cap is a gas or liquid outlet, and the gas or liquid can be led out by arranging the pipeline connecting clamp sleeve at the hole opening.
When a high-pressure test is performed, if the pressing force between the sample cell (201) and the cover (206) is F and the contact area (i.e., the sealing surface) between the bottom surface of the sample cell (201) and the lower sealing gasket (106) of the fixture (1) is S, the ratio of F/S must be higher than the test pressure so that no leakage occurs. The larger the sealing surface S, the higher the pressing force required, but too high a pressing force also places higher demands on both the sample strength and the clamp. Therefore, the seal surface S should be reduced when performing a high pressure test. In order to improve the sealing effect between the sample cell (201) and the lower sealing gasket (106), an annular bulge (as shown in fig. 5) can be arranged on the outer bottom surface of the sample cell (201), and the width of the ring is 2-10 mm. The cross-sectional shape of the annular protrusion is generally square or semi-circular, and if square, the edges need to be chamfered to prevent cutting of the lower seal (106). In order to improve the sealing effect between the sheet sample (203) and the lower gasket (106), the gasket having a smaller projected area may be selected as much as possible, or an excess portion of the edge of the gasket may be removed, so that the sealing surface S may be controlled. The sealing effect can also be improved by providing an annular protrusion (as shown in fig. 6) on the inner bottom surface of the sample cell (201), the section of the annular protrusion is square and is just pressed against the inner edge of the sealing gasket, and the width of the ring is 2-10 mm.
The operation method of the dual-purpose sealing assembly of the invention comprises the following steps:
1. And (4) sealing the tubular sample.
The clamp (2) is disassembled, and the clamp (1) is independently used for sealing. According to the length of a sample, the lead screw (105) is rotated to enable the movable clamping plate (103) to be higher than the length of the sample (107), the sample (107) is vertically placed between the base (101) and the movable clamping plate (103), sealing gaskets (106 and 108) are arranged on the top surface of the base (101) and the bottom surface of the movable clamping plate (103), the sample (107) and a top surface hole of the base (101) are coaxial, so that a gas or liquid channel is kept smooth, the lead screw (105) is rotated to enable the movable clamping plate (103) to move downwards and press the sample (107) tightly, the sample can be sealed, and the sample test can be carried out by introducing gas or liquid. The sealing can be performed as long as the outer diameter of the sample (107) is smaller than the sealing gaskets (106, 108) and the inner diameter of the sample (107) is not smaller than the hole diameter of the lower sealing gasket (106). In the operation process, the sealing gaskets (106, 108) are fixed in the grooves of the base (101) and the movable clamping plate (103), and the sample is convenient to load and unload.
When the gas test is carried out, if the gas can not be directly discharged, an exhaust facility can be added, or the sealing assembly is integrally placed in a fume hood. When carrying out the liquid test, can place the tray under seal assembly and collect liquid, if the splash of liquid need be avoided in the test procedure, can put seal assembly wholly in bucket or other containers.
2. And (4) sealing the sheet sample.
The appropriate gasket is selected based on the size and shape of the sample testing area. The clamp (2) is opened, and the lower sealing pad (106) and the sample (107) are placed in the sample cell (201) in sequence. A porous metal support sheet (204) is placed over the sample (107) if the sample (107) is deformable, and is not required if the sample is a rigid material or has a strength above the test pressure. After the upper sealing pad (205) is put on the sample (203) or the porous metal support sheet (204), the cover (206) is fastened.
the clamp (2) is vertically placed in the clamp (1), the bottom hole of the clamp (2) is opposite to the top hole of the base (101) of the clamp (1), so that a gas or liquid channel is kept smooth, the screw rod (105) is rotated to enable the movable clamping plate (103) to move downwards and press the clamp (2) to achieve sample sealing, a sample test can be performed by introducing gas or liquid, and if necessary, a connecting pipeline is additionally arranged at a gas outlet on the sealing cover (206) to guide the gas or liquid out.
Has the advantages that: the sealing component is suitable for tubular and sheet samples, and is simple in design and convenient to operate. During the sealing operation, torsion and shearing force are completely avoided, and the test area of the sample is protected as much as possible. The seal assembly of the present invention is highly adaptable to sample dimensions (e.g., diameter, length, wall thickness of tubular samples, area of sheet samples, wall thickness) whether tubular or sheet samples, greatly reducing the number of seal assemblies required. The movable clamping plate (103) of the sealing assembly is not connected with a pipeline, and the material inlet and the material outlet are positioned on the side surface or the back surface of the whole testing assembly, so that the operation is convenient and the space is saved. The design of the clamp (2), the sample cell (201), the sealing cover (206) and the sealing gaskets (202 and 205) not only ensures the high-pressure sealing effect, but also does not need to apply excessive pressure, and reduces the abrasion and bending deformation risks of the lead screw (105). The sealing assembly is compact in design and small in size, and can easily lead out gas and liquid when gas and liquid tests are carried out, so that damage to operators and the environment is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a dual-use seal assembly. 1-a clamp (1); 2-clamp (2).
Fig. 2 is the clamp (1) illustration. 101-a base; 102-a column; 103-movable splint; 104-a top beam; 105-a lead screw; 106-lower gasket; 107-tubing sample; 108-an upper seal; 109-a lock; 110-lead screw nut; 111-gas liquid inlet.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the jig (2). 201-sample cell; 202-lower gasket; 203-sheet sample; 204-a porous metal support; 205-upper sealing gasket; 206-capping.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a gasket in a sample cell.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the bottom of the sample cell.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the bottom surface of the sample cell.
FIG. 7 is a diagram of an apparatus for analyzing pore diameters of a PVDF sheet membrane.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described with reference to specific examples. The protection scope of the present invention includes but is not limited to these embodiments, and one skilled in the art can substitute or change the technical feature or some technical features of the embodiments with the equivalent or equivalent, and also belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
1. The sample was a PVDF microfiltration membrane, known to have an average pore size of 0.1-1 μm, and the actual pore size distribution was tested.
2. In the testing assembly, a base (101), a top beam (104) and a movable clamping plate (103) of the clamp (1) are all square stainless steel plates with the length of 12cm and the width of 6cm, wherein the thickness of the base (101) is 2cm, the aperture of the top surface is 6mm, and the thicknesses of the movable clamping plate (103) and the top beam (104) are 8mm and 10 mm. The number of the upright posts (102) is 4, and the length of each upright post is 25 cm. The round grooves of the base (101) and the movable clamping plate (103) are 3mm deep and 5.5cm in diameter, silicone rubber sealing gaskets (106 and 108) are embedded in the grooves, and the central hole diameter of the lower sealing gasket (106) is 6 mm.
3. The sample cell (201) of the clamp (2) has the depth of 3.5cm, the inner diameter of 4cm and the aperture of 1cm at the bottom of the cell, the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the two annular sealing gaskets (202 and 205) are respectively 4cm and 2.5cm, the porous metal supporting sheet (204) is a common powder sintered stainless steel sheet, the average aperture is about 10 mu m, and the thickness is 1.5 mm. The outer edge of the annular bulge at the bottom of the sample cell (201) is flush with the sample cell, the cross section is square, and the width of the ring is 5 mm.
4. The PVDF micro-filtration membrane is cut into approximate wafers with the diameter of about 4mm, samples are infiltrated by adopting a GQ-16 wetting agent and a GaoQ VW-30 vacuum infiltration instrument of Nanjing GaoQ HooD and HooQ Techno, and a GaoQ PSDA-30 pore size analyzer is connected to an air path inlet of a base (101) of the clamp (1) through a clamping sleeve by a 6mm stainless steel pipe, and the equipment connection is as shown in figure 7.
5. Opening the clamp (2), sequentially placing a lower sealing gasket (202), a PVDF micro-filtration membrane, a stainless steel support sheet (204) and an upper sealing gasket (205) in the sample cell (201), and fastening a sealing cover (206). The other operations were the same as in step 5 of example 1.
6. Introducing nitrogen into a steel cylinder, and starting a pore size analyzer to automatically measure the pore size distribution. After the test is finished, the movable clamping plate (103) is lifted, the clamp (2) is opened, and the PVDF micro-filtration membrane sample is taken out.
Example 2
1. The sample is a porous ceramic tube 10cm long, 1.3cm in diameter, 2mm in wall thickness, and the water flux needs to be tested.
2. The same as in step 2 and step 3 of example 1.
3. And (3) taking out the clamp (2), vertically placing the ceramic tube in the clamp (1), enabling the ceramic tube to be opposite to the top surface hole of the base (101), and rotating the lead screw (105) to enable the movable clamping plate (103) to tightly press the ceramic tube.
4. And (3) placing the clamp (1) into a water bucket, and introducing deionized water to measure a relation curve of pressure and flow. After the test is finished, the movable clamping plate (103) is lifted, and the ceramic tube is taken out.
Example 3
1. The sample is a porous metal titanium sheet with a diameter of 5cm and a thickness of 3mm, and the ethanol bubble point pressure in a square area of 4cm × 4cm in the central area needs to be tested. The test instrument is a GaoQ FIA-50 type integrity detector of Nanjing GaoQ modest functional materials science and technology Co.
2. In the testing assembly, a base (101), a top beam (104) and a movable clamping plate (103) of the clamp (1) are all round stainless steel plates with the diameter of 12cm, wherein the base is 3cm thick, the aperture is 8mm, and a quick-connection clamping sleeve is arranged at an inlet. The thickness of the movable clamping plate (103) and the top beam (104) is 10 mm. The number of the upright posts (102) is 3, and the length of each upright post is 50 cm. The round grooves of the base (101) and the movable clamping plate (101) are 3mm deep and 5.5cm in diameter, silicone rubber sealing gaskets (106 and 108) are embedded in the grooves, and the central hole diameter of the lower sealing gasket (106) is 8 mm.
3. The sample cell (201) of the clamp (2) is 2.5cm deep, 6cm in inner diameter and 2cm in cell bottom aperture, the outer diameters of the two silicon rubber sealing gaskets (202, 205) are 6mm, and a square hole of 4cm multiplied by 4cm is arranged in the center. The diameter of the annular bulge at the bottom of the sample cell (201) is 5cm, the cross section is semicircular, and the width of the ring is 8 mm.
4. And soaking the titanium sheet in alcohol for 1h, and connecting the integrity detector with the test component through a PU pipe.
5. And opening the clamp (2), sequentially placing a lower sealing gasket (202), a titanium sheet and an upper sealing gasket (205) in the sample cell (201), and fastening a sealing cover (206). The other operations were the same as in step 5 of example 1.
6. Compressed air is introduced, the integrity detector is started and the bubble point pressure is automatically measured. And after the test is finished, taking out the titanium sheet.
Example 4
1. The sample was a polypropylene ultrafiltration membrane, which was tested for methanol flux.
2. The same as step 2 and step 3 of example 3, except that the sealing gaskets (202, 205) were changed to rubber ring sheets with inner and outer diameters of 5 and 6cm, respectively, and a porous metal nickel support sheet with a diameter of 6cm and an average pore diameter of 5 μm was added.
3. Cutting the polypropylene ultrafiltration membrane into approximate circular sheets with the diameter of about 4mm, opening the clamp (2), sequentially placing the lower sealing gasket (201), the polypropylene ultrafiltration membrane, the nickel sheet and the upper sealing gasket (205) in the sample cell (201), and fastening the sealing cover (206). The other operations were the same as in step 5 of example 1.
4. And putting the whole sealing assembly into a stainless steel water tank, introducing a relation curve of methanol measurement pressure and methanol flow, and carrying out test work in a fume hood. After the test was completed, the sample was removed from the jig.
Example 5
1. The sample is a zirconium alloy tube 40cm long, 5cm in diameter and 2.5mm in wall thickness, and the airtightness of the tube needs to be tested. The test instrument is a GaoQ FIA-50 type integrity detector of Nanjing GaoQ modest functional materials science and technology Co.
2. The same as in step 2 and step 3 of example 3.
3. The same as in step 3 of example 2, except that the ceramic tube was changed to a zirconium alloy tube.
4. The cylinder helium was charged, the instrument was turned on and the pressure decay of the system was automatically measured. After the test was completed, the zirconium alloy tube was taken out of the jig.
Claims (10)
1. A dual-purpose sealing assembly is composed of a clamp (1) and a clamp (2), wherein the clamp (1) is used for sealing a tubular sample independently, and the clamps (1) and (2) are combined to be used for sealing a sheet sample.
2. The sealing assembly according to claim 1, wherein the clamp (1) mainly comprises a base (101), a column (102), a movable clamping plate (103), a top beam (104), a lead screw (105), a lower sealing gasket (106) and an upper sealing gasket (108), wherein positioning grooves are formed in the top surface of the base (101) and the bottom surface of the movable clamping plate (103), and the upper sealing gasket (106) and the lower sealing gasket (108) are respectively placed in the grooves; the base (101), the top beam (104) and the upright post (102) are mutually fixed, the movable clamping plate (103) is positioned between the base (101) and the top beam (104), can slide along the upright post (102) but is always parallel to the base (101) and the top beam (104), and the inclination is controlled within 1 degree; the upright posts (102) are 2-4 and penetrate through sliding guide rail holes on the movable clamping plates (103); the center of the top beam (104) contains a lead screw nut (110), and a lead screw (105) vertically penetrates through the lead screw nut (110) and is connected with a locking device (109) at the center of the top surface of the movable clamping plate (103); the locking device (109) is internally provided with a bearing, so that the lead screw (105) is firmly connected with the movable clamping plate (103), the lead screw (105) can freely rotate, and the lead screw (105) does not penetrate through the movable clamping plate (103); a rotating handle is arranged at the tail end of the screw rod (105), and the movable clamping plate (103) can be driven to lift by rotating the screw rod (105); the thickness of the base (101) is 5-40mm, the side surface is provided with a hole which leads to the center of the top surface, the aperture is 3-25mm, and the hole is a gas or liquid inlet; sealing gaskets are arranged in grooves on the top surface of the base (101) and the bottom surface of the movable clamping plate (103), wherein the upper sealing gasket (108) is not provided with a hole, the middle part of the lower sealing gasket (106) is provided with a hole, and the hole diameter is not smaller than that of the top surface of the base (101).
3. The sealing assembly according to claim 1, wherein the clamp (2) mainly comprises a sample cell (201), a lower sealing gasket (202), a sheet sample (203), a porous metal support sheet (204), an upper sealing gasket (205) and a cover (206); the central position of the bottom of the sample cell (201) is provided with a hole with the aperture of 5-40mm, and when the clamp (2) and the clamp (1) are combined together, the hole is communicated with the top surface of the base (101) of the clamp (1). The lower sealing gasket (202) and the upper sealing gasket (205) are the same, both of which have a central hole with the diameter not smaller than that of the bottom of the sample cell (201); the sealing cover (206) is composed of a plunger and a column cap, the bottom surface of the plunger is provided with a hole which leads to the side surface of the column cap, and the hole diameter is equal to the bottom of the sample cell (201); the side hole of the column cap is a gas or liquid outlet, and a pipeline connecting clamping sleeve is arranged at the hole opening to lead out gas or liquid.
4. the clamp (1) according to claim 2, wherein the gas or liquid inlet on the side of the base (101) can be fitted with a quick coupling to a plastic line, or else a metal line or a high pressure-resistant hose, when the test pressure is lower than 1 MPa.
5. The fixture (2) according to claim 3, characterized in that the sample testing area is controlled by an opening in the center of the sealing gasket (202 and 205), which may be circular, square, triangular or other shape.
6. The clamp (2) according to claim 3, wherein the porous metal support plate (204) is preferably made of stainless steel, brass, titanium or nickel, and is manufactured by a powder sintering process or a wire mesh sintering process, and has a homogeneous (symmetrical) or gradient (asymmetrical) cross-section structure, a thickness of 1-3mm, and a flat surface; the average pore size of the porous metal support sheet (204) is 5-500 μm, and different pore sizes can be selected for different samples, but the average pore size of the porous metal support sheet (204) is 2-20 times the average pore size of the samples.
7. The clamp (2) according to claim 3, wherein, in order to improve the sealing effect between the sample cell (201) and the base (101), the outer bottom surface of the sample cell (201) is provided with an annular protrusion, the width of the ring is 2-10mm, the cross-sectional shape of the annular protrusion is generally square or semicircular, if square, the edge needs to be chamfered to prevent the lower sealing gasket (106) from being cut; in order to improve the sealing effect between the sheet type sample (203) and the sealing gasket (202), the sealing gasket with smaller projection area can be selected, or the redundant part of the edge of the sealing gasket is removed; when the inner bottom surface of the sample cell (201) is provided with the annular bulge, the width of the ring is 2-10mm, the section of the bulge is square, and the bulge just presses the inner edge of the sealing gasket (202).
8. The seal assembly according to claim 1, wherein when sealing a tubular sample, the clamp (2) is detached and sealed with the clamp (1) alone; according to the length of the sample (107), the lead screw (105) is rotated to enable the movable clamping plate (103) to be higher than the sample (107), the sample (107) is vertically placed between the base (101) and the movable clamping plate (103), sealing gaskets (106 and 108) are arranged on the top surface of the base (101) and the bottom surface of the movable clamping plate (103), and the sample (107) is coaxial with holes in the top surface of the base (101), so that a gas or liquid channel is kept unblocked; the screw rod (105) is rotated to enable the movable clamping plate (103) to move downwards and press the sample (107) to realize the sealing of the sample, and the test can be carried out by introducing gas or liquid.
9. The seal assembly of claim 1, wherein when sealing a sheet sample, the appropriate seal (202 and 205) is selected based on the size and shape of the sample testing area; opening the clamp (2), and placing the sample (203) on the lower sealing gasket (202) of the sample cell (201); placing a porous metal support sheet (204) on the sample (203) if the sample (203) is deformable, the porous metal support sheet (204) not being required if the sample (203) is a rigid material or has a strength higher than the test pressure; placing the upper sealing pad (204) on the sample (203) or the porous metal support sheet (204), and fastening the sealing cover (206); vertically placing the clamp (2) in the clamp (1) to enable the bottom surface hole of the clamp (2) to be opposite to the top surface hole of the base (101), so that the air or liquid channel is kept smooth; the sample can be sealed by rotating the lead screw (105) to enable the movable clamping plate (103) to move downwards and pressing the clamp (2), the sample can be tested by introducing gas or liquid, and if necessary, a connecting pipeline can be additionally arranged at the outlet of the clamp (2) to lead the gas or the liquid out.
10. The seal assembly of claim 1, wherein, when performing gas testing, ventilation facilities can be added, or the seal assembly can be integrally placed in a fume hood; for liquid testing, the seal assembly may be placed in a tray, bucket, or other container.
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