CN110578317B - Hydrological model reservoir discharge capacity simulation method - Google Patents
Hydrological model reservoir discharge capacity simulation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hydrological model reservoir discharge capacity simulation method, which belongs to the technical field of distributed hydrological model simulation application and comprises the following steps: collecting basic information of the reservoir, simulating the inflow rate and the evaporation capacity of the reservoir in the current time period by adopting a hydrological model, and calculating the initial reservoir capacity and the over-limit lower discharge capacity exceeding the safety limit reservoir capacity in the current time period; correcting the discharge amount exceeding the safety limit storage capacity to obtain the initial discharge amount at the end of the time period, and further calculating the initial storage capacity of the reservoir at the end of the time period; and correcting the initial reservoir capacity and the lower discharge of the reservoir obtained at the end of the time period by adopting the reservoir capacity information to obtain the final reservoir capacity and the lower discharge of the reservoir at the end of the current time period, and recording relevant state information to obtain a final simulation result. The method adopts limited reservoir parameter information to simulate the reservoir water storage and drainage processes, and improves the simulation precision of the hydrological model; the whole reservoir dispatching simulation process is simple, and the program improvement is easy to realize.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of distributed hydrological model simulation application, in particular to a hydrological model reservoir discharge capacity simulation method.
Background
The distributed hydrological model is an effective means for exploring and recognizing complex hydrological cycle processes and mechanisms and is also an effective tool for solving a plurality of hydrological practical problems. With the increase of human activities, the influence on natural water circulation is increased gradually. The natural water circulation process can be expressed by a mathematical function and has certain regularity. However, the influence of human activities is not mathematical and has a certain randomness. Reservoir construction is one of the most important influencing factors influencing the runoff process of the river channel, and has the influence of enlarging and increasing the runoff of the river channel. In the course of simulating river course flow, if the influence of reservoir dispatching is not considered, the simulation result is far from the actual situation. In the process of simulating reservoir dispatching, the information of specific dispatching rules of each reservoir, water level-reservoir capacity-discharging capacity curves and the like of the reservoirs need to be known. However, in practical application, the information collection is difficult, and even no relevant information exists, so that the complete reservoir dispatching simulation process is difficult. When the hydrological model is used for basin water circulation process simulation, the annual scale and even the perennial scale are generally adopted, so if a simpler annual scale reservoir dispatching simulation rule is provided to enable the annual runoff process simulation to be relatively accurate, the model simulation efficiency can be effectively improved, and the accuracy is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hydrological model reservoir discharge amount simulation method, so that the problems in the prior art are solved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a hydrological model reservoir discharge amount simulation method comprises the following steps:
s1, collecting basic reservoir information including 5 pieces of reservoir capacity information, 3 pieces of maximum discharge capacity of control water level, 2 pieces of monthly average discharge capacity and water intake of economic society;
s2, simulating the inflow rate and the evaporation capacity of the reservoir in the current time period by adopting the existing any hydrological model, and calculating the initial reservoir capacity and the over-limit discharge capacity exceeding the safety limit storage capacity at the end of the current time period;
s3, correcting the overrun discharge amount exceeding the safety limit storage capacity to obtain the initial discharge amount at the end of the time period, and further calculating the storage capacity of the reservoir at the end of the time period;
and S4, correcting the calculated time-interval end reservoir capacity and time-interval end initial discharge by using the storage capacity information to obtain the finally used current time-interval end reservoir capacity and discharge, and recording related state information to obtain a final simulation result.
Preferably, in step S1:
the used 5 water level storage capacity information is storage capacities corresponding to 5 control water levels of the reservoir, and the arrangement sequence according to the relation that the front storage capacity completely comprises the rear storage capacity is as follows: total reservoir capacity, design flood level reservoir capacity, normal water storage level reservoir capacity, flood control limit level reservoir capacity and dead reservoir capacity;
the maximum water level discharge control flow is used for controlling the maximum discharge flow when the water level is positioned in the corresponding water level line interval, and comprises checking the maximum discharge flow below the flood level, designing the maximum discharge flow below the flood level and the maximum discharge flow below the normal water storage level; wherein the maximum discharge below the check flood level is a maximum discharge above a design flood level; the maximum discharge below the design flood level is the maximum discharge of the water level below the design flood level and above the normal water storage level; the maximum discharge below the normal water storage level is the maximum discharge above the dead water level when the water level is lower than the normal water storage level; the maximum discharge rate below the dead water level is 0; and checking the maximum discharge flow below the flood level > the maximum discharge flow below the design flood level > the maximum discharge flow below the normal water storage level.
If the information on the water level-discharge capacity curve of the reservoir can be collected, the storage capacity and discharge capacity at a specific water level can be directly calculated from the curve, instead of the generalization processing described above.
Preferably, the monthly average discharge flow rate in the step S1 includes a power generation discharge water amount or a minimum ecological flow rate, and the power generation discharge water amount and the minimum ecological flow rate are monthly average values, which represent the conditions of monthly power generation discharge water and ecological water demand;
the water intake quantity of the economic society is the water quantity for industry, agriculture and life which is obtained from a reservoir; the water intake of the economic society is generally year-scale, needs to be scaled down, and meets the requirement of the minimum time scale of the model.
Preferably, S2 includes the steps of:
s201, the simulation method of the inflow rate of the reservoir in the current time period comprises the following steps: simulating and calculating all river flows imported into the current reservoir on the same day by adopting a hydrological model or a statistical equation to serve as reservoir inflow;
the simulation method for the large evaporation capacity of the reservoir comprises the following steps: and calculating the water surface evaporation capacity by using a Peneman formula to serve as the maximum value of reservoir evaporation.
S202, calculating the initial reservoir capacity at the end of the current time period, wherein the calculation formula is as follows: the initial reservoir capacity at the end of the current time interval is the last reservoir capacity at the last time interval plus the inlet flow of the reservoir at the current time interval-the evaporation capacity of the reservoir at the current time interval-the economic and social water intake at the current time interval;
s203, safely limiting the storage capacity to be the storage capacity corresponding to the limited water level specified by the reservoir safety, wherein the limited storage capacity in the flood season is the flood control limited water level, and the limited water level in the non-flood season is the normal water storage level; and comparing the limited storage capacity with the initial storage capacity of the initial reservoir at the end of the current time period, wherein if the initial storage capacity of the initial reservoir at the end of the time period exceeds the safety limited storage capacity, the overrun is equal to the initial storage capacity of the initial reservoir at the end of the time period and the safety limited storage capacity, and if the overrun is not greater than the initial storage capacity of the initial reservoir at the end of the time period and the safety limited storage capacity, the overrun is equal to 0.
Preferably, step S3 includes the steps of:
s301, firstly, correcting the overrun lower discharge amount calculated in step S2 by using the minimum ecological flow amount, so that the lower reservoir discharge amount is not less than the minimum ecological flow amount in the month, that is, if the overrun lower discharge amount is less than the minimum ecological flow amount, the lower reservoir discharge amount in the current step is the minimum ecological flow amount, otherwise, the lower reservoir discharge amount in the current step is the overrun lower discharge amount in step S2;
s302, then, the power generation discharge amount is used to correct the under-reservoir discharge amount calculated in step S301, so that the under-reservoir discharge amount is not less than the power generation discharge amount in the month, that is, if the under-reservoir discharge amount calculated in step S301 is less than the power generation discharge amount, the under-reservoir discharge amount calculated in the current step is equal to the power generation discharge amount, otherwise, the under-reservoir discharge amount calculated in step S301 is equal to the under-reservoir discharge amount; it should be noted that if the power generation drainage amount is not provided, the present step is not executed;
and S303, finally, calculating to obtain the initial downward discharge amount at the end of the time period.
Preferably, step S303 includes the steps of:
comparing the initial reservoir capacity with 5 water level reservoir capacities at the end of the time interval to obtain a capacity interval in which the current reservoir capacity is positioned, and calculating to obtain the maximum discharge capacity of the corresponding reservoir capacity; if a curve of the water level, the reservoir capacity and the discharging capacity of the reservoir is collected, the maximum discharging flow can be directly calculated according to the initial reservoir capacity at the end of the time period through the curve; and correcting the initial discharge amount at the end of the reservoir period calculated in the step S302 by using the maximum discharge amount, so that the initial discharge amount at the end of the reservoir period is not more than the maximum discharge amount.
Preferably, step S4 includes the steps of:
s401, when the calculated end-of-period reservoir capacity is larger than the total capacity, setting the final end-of-period discharge as the initial end-of-period discharge plus the initial end-of-period reservoir capacity-total capacity, setting the final end-of-period reservoir capacity as the total capacity, recording the information of the overflow state of the reservoir, and ending the step S4; otherwise, entering step S402;
s402, when the calculated storage capacity of the reservoir at the end of the time interval is larger than the dead storage capacity, ending the step S4; otherwise, go to step S403;
s403, when the final initial discharge amount at the end of the time period is greater than the difference between the dead storage capacity and the storage capacity of the reservoir at the end of the time period, decreasing the discharge amount of the reservoir, complementing the difference, and correcting, that is, the final discharge amount at the end of the final time period is the final discharge amount at the end of the time period + the storage capacity of the reservoir at the end of the time period — the dead storage capacity, and setting the final storage capacity of the reservoir at the end of the final time period as the dead storage capacity, ending step S4; otherwise, correcting the initial reservoir capacity at the end of the time interval, namely the end-of-time interval reservoir capacity and the initial lower discharge at the end of the time interval, setting the final lower discharge at the end of the time interval to be 0, and entering step S404;
s404, when the calculated final initial reservoir capacity at the correction time interval is greater than 0, the final reservoir capacity at the final time interval is equal to the final initial reservoir capacity at the correction time interval, and the step S4 is ended; otherwise, go to step S405;
s405, when the evaporation capacity of the reservoir can meet the negative shortage of the storage capacity of the reservoir, correcting the evaporation capacity of the reservoir to be the evaporation capacity of the reservoir in the current time period and the initial storage capacity of the reservoir at the end of the time period, setting the storage capacity of the reservoir at the end of the final time period to be 0, recording the dry and anhydrous state information of the reservoir, and ending the step S4; otherwise, correcting the final reservoir capacity in the time interval, namely the initial reservoir capacity in the time interval and the evaporation capacity of the reservoir in the current time interval, setting the final reservoir evaporation capacity to be 0, and entering the step S406;
s406, when the economic social water intake quantity can meet the negative shortage of the reservoir capacity, correcting the economic social water intake quantity to be the current time interval economic social water intake quantity plus the initial reservoir capacity at the end of the time interval, setting the reservoir capacity at the end of the time interval to be 0, recording the economic social water intake shortage quantity to be the absolute value of the initial reservoir capacity at the end of the time interval, recording the information of the dry and anhydrous state of the reservoir, and ending the step S4; and otherwise, the final reservoir capacity at the end of the final time interval is the corrected final reservoir capacity at the end of the final time interval plus the economic social water intake at the current time interval, the shortage of the economic social water intake is the economic social water intake at the current time interval, the final economic social water intake is set to be 0, and the negative reservoir capacity state information of the reservoir is recorded.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a hydrological model reservoir dispatching simulation method, which adopts limited reservoir parameter information to simulate reservoir water storage and drainage processes and improves hydrological model simulation precision; the whole reservoir dispatching simulation process is simple, and the program improvement is easy to realize.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a hydrological model reservoir scheduling simulation method provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is the reservoir parameter information that the present invention needs to collect;
FIG. 3 is a logic diagram for determining the lower reservoir discharge capacity and the actual discharge capacity of the reservoir;
fig. 4 is a flow chart of a reservoir scheduling simulation program in embodiment 2.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for simulating a reservoir discharge amount of a hydrological model, including the following steps:
s1, collecting basic information of the reservoir according to information such as design files or actual operation reports of the reservoir, wherein the basic information mainly comprises 5 pieces of water level reservoir capacity information (total reservoir capacity, design flood water level reservoir capacity, normal water storage level reservoir capacity, flood control limit water level reservoir capacity and dead reservoir capacity), 3 pieces of control water level maximum discharge capacity (maximum discharge capacity below check flood level, maximum discharge capacity below design flood level and maximum discharge capacity below normal water storage level), 2 pieces of monthly average discharge capacity (power generation discharge capacity and minimum ecological discharge capacity) and economic and social water intake capacity;
s2, simulating the inflow rate and the evaporation capacity of the reservoir in the current time period by adopting a model, and calculating the initial reservoir capacity and the lower discharge capacity exceeding the safety limit capacity in the current time period;
s3, correcting the leakage quantity exceeding the safety limit storage capacity according to the monthly power generation leakage flow, the minimum ecological flow and the control water level maximum leakage flow to obtain the initial leakage quantity at the end of the time period;
and S4, correcting the calculated reservoir capacity at the end of the time interval and the initial discharge at the end of the time interval by adopting the information such as the total reservoir capacity and the dead reservoir capacity of the reservoir, obtaining the finally used reservoir capacity and discharge at the end of the current time interval, calculating relevant state information and obtaining a final simulation result.
First, according to step S1, basic information of reservoirs is collected, wherein the correlation between 5 reservoir levels is shown in fig. 2, where the total reservoir capacity > design flood level reservoir capacity > normal reservoir level reservoir capacity ≧ flood control limit level reservoir capacity > dead reservoir capacity. The 3 maximum discharge control amounts Qmax1 are the maximum discharge control amounts for which the storage capacity is between the total storage capacity and the design flood level storage capacity, Qmax2 is the maximum discharge control amount for which the storage capacity is between the design flood level storage capacity and the normal storage level storage capacity, and Qmax3 is the maximum discharge control amount for which the storage capacity is between the normal storage level storage capacity and the dead storage capacity. The monthly average power generation drainage amount is collected, and no data can be provided, which indicates that no power generation drainage is performed. And collecting the minimum monthly ecological flow, wherein the flow can be calculated by methods such as Tennet and the like. And collecting the economic and social water, and performing down-scale spreading of the adult water consumption according to the calculated time scale.
Next, the initial reservoir capacity and the overrun lower discharge amount at the end of the current period are calculated according to step S2. Here, the initial reservoir capacity at the end of the current time interval is the last reservoir capacity at the last time interval + the current time interval inlet flow rate of the reservoir-the current segment evaporation rate of the reservoir-the current time interval economic and social water intake; the overrun discharge amount is the storage capacity exceeding the limited water level storage capacity of the reservoir, namely, if the initial reservoir storage capacity at the end of the time interval is smaller than the limited storage capacity, the overrun discharge amount is equal to 0, otherwise, the overrun discharge amount is equal to the initial reservoir storage capacity-the safety limited storage capacity at the end of the time interval. It should be noted that the flood control water level limiting storage capacity is used as the safety limiting storage capacity in the flood season, and the normal water storage level storage capacity is used as the safety limiting storage capacity in the non-flood season
Thirdly, calculating the lower reservoir discharge amount by adopting the lower overrun discharge amount, the power generation discharge amount, the minimum ecological flow and the maximum discharge control amount, and correcting the final reservoir capacity of the initial time period according to the initial reservoir capacity of the time period. Wherein, the maximum value of the overrun discharge, the power generation discharge and the minimum ecological flow is taken, and then the minimum value is taken together with the maximum discharge control amount to obtain the initial reservoir discharge amount, if shown in fig. 3. It should be noted here that if there is no power generation leakage flow, it is not considered. If there is no maximum bleed-down control amount, maximum bleed-down control is not performed. Judging the maximum discharge control quantity according to the initial reservoir capacity of the time interval, namely if the maximum discharge control quantity is less than the dead reservoir capacity, the maximum discharge control quantity is equal to 0; if the water level is less than the normal water level storage capacity, the water level is equal to Qmax 3; in addition, the range in which the reservoir capacity of the final reservoir and the total reservoir capacity, the design flood level reservoir capacity and the normal water storage level reservoir capacity are judged to be located is adopted, and then the range is obtained by adopting thread interpolation.
And fourthly, correcting the calculated initial reservoir lower discharge capacity and the initial period final reservoir storage capacity according to whether the total storage capacity is exceeded or not and whether the total storage capacity is smaller than the dead storage capacity or not. If the total storage capacity is exceeded, adding the exceeded part into the initial lower discharge of the reservoir to obtain the final lower discharge; if the water discharge capacity is smaller than the dead storage capacity, correcting by reducing the water discharge capacity of the reservoir; and if the corrected storage capacity is less than 0, correcting by reducing the evaporation capacity and the economic and social water intake quantity to make the storage capacity of the reservoir not negative as much as possible.
Example 2
In this embodiment, the method is embedded in the hydrological model based on the method in embodiment 1, so as to realize the simulation of the reservoir scheduling drainage process.
The embodiment mainly lists a simulation flow chart of the reservoir water discharge scheduling process, and as shown in fig. 4, the specific program implementation depends on the language of the embedded model. Wherein V has the unit m3Q has the unit m3And the unit of the T is s, the value is the number of seconds in the basic time unit of the model, and the value is used for calculating the conversion of the flow and the volume in a time period, for example, the time T is 86400s in daily simulation.
Firstly, river inflow, reservoir evaporation and economic and social water intake in the current time period are calculated by adopting a hydrological model, and initial reservoir capacity V0 in the current time period is obtained by accumulating the final reservoir capacity in the last time period.
Secondly, in order to ensure the reservoir safety, the calculated initial reservoir capacity V0 is used for calculating the part needing to be discharged when exceeding the limited reservoir capacity as the initial water discharge quantity Q0 according to the limited reservoir capacity. If V0 exceeds the restricted capacity, Q0 ═ V0-restricted capacity)/T; if not, Q0 is 0. The non-flood season uses the normal water storage level as the limiting water level, and the flood season uses the flood control limiting water level as the limiting water level.
Thirdly, the minimum ecological flow in the month of the period is used as a limiting condition for correction, so that the lower reservoir discharge capacity is not less than the current minimum ecological flow, namely Q1 is max (Q0, minimum ecological flow).
Fourthly, the Q1 is corrected according to whether the power generation water release amount is provided or not, and the water release amount Q2 is obtained. If the generated water amount is not provided, Q2 is Q1; if provided, Q2 is max (Q1, generated current).
Fifthly, the drainage quantity Q3 is obtained by correcting the Q2 according to whether the maximum drainage control flow is provided or not. If the maximum bleed flow control is not provided, then Q3 is Q2. If so, judging according to the initial storage capacity V0, and when V0 is lower than the dead storage capacity, Qmax is 0; when V0 is lower than the normal storage level capacity, Qmax is the maximum discharge capacity below the normal storage level; when the V0 is larger than the normal storage level capacity, calculating to obtain Qmax by adopting a linear interpolation method according to the initial reservoir capacity V0, the different characteristic reservoir capacities and the corresponding maximum discharge capacity; then, the correction Q3 is min (Q2, Qmax). It should be noted here that if the water level-storage capacity-leaking capacity curve is taken directly when collecting data, the curve is directly used to calculate the maximum leaking capacity Qmax corresponding to the storage capacity of V1.
Sixthly, calculating the initial reservoir capacity V1-initial reservoir capacity V0-lower reservoir discharge Q3T at the end of the time interval.
Seventhly, judging whether the storage capacity V1 of the reservoir at the end of the time period is larger than the total storage capacity, if so, calculating the final lower discharge Q of the reservoir at the end of the time period as the initial lower discharge Q3+ (the initial storage capacity V1 of the reservoir at the end of the time period as the total storage capacity)/T, calculating the final storage capacity V of the reservoir at the end of the time period as the total storage capacity, recording the information of the overflow state of the reservoir, and ending the simulation at the current time period; if not, continuing the subsequent steps.
Eighth, judging whether the reservoir capacity V1 is smaller than the dead reservoir capacity, if not, calculating the final reservoir capacity V which is V1 at the end of the time period, calculating the lower discharge Q which is Q3 at the end of the time period, and ending the current time period simulation; if so, continuing the subsequent steps.
Ninth, since the reservoir capacity V1 is smaller than the dead capacity, the dead capacity requirement is satisfied first by reducing the letdown. Normally the dead volume is below that without a leakage flow. If the lower reservoir discharge Q3 can meet the difference of subtracting V1 from the dead storage capacity, calculating the lower reservoir discharge Q at the end of the time interval as Q3+ (V1-dead storage capacity)/T, calculating the reservoir storage capacity V at the end of the time interval as dead storage capacity, and ending the simulation at the current time interval; and if the lower discharge quantity of the reservoir cannot meet the difference, calculating the corrected reservoir capacity V2 (V1 + Q3) T at the end of the time interval, calculating the lower discharge quantity Q of the reservoir (0), and continuing the subsequent steps.
Tenth, judging whether the initial reservoir storage capacity V2 at the end of the correction time interval is less than 0, if not, calculating the final reservoir storage capacity V at the end of the final time interval as the initial reservoir storage capacity V2 at the end of the correction time interval, and ending the simulation at the current time interval; if still less than 0, the subsequent steps are continued.
Eleventh, the shortage that the reservoir capacity is negative is met by reducing the evaporation of the reservoir. If the evaporation capacity can meet the shortage of the reservoir capacity, correcting the evaporation capacity of the reservoir to be the evaporation capacity of the reservoir in the current time period and the initial reservoir capacity V2 at the end of the time period, calculating the final reservoir capacity V at the end of the time period to be 0, and recording the water-free state information of the reservoir; and if the evaporation capacity can not meet the deficit, calculating the end-of-period reservoir capacity V3 as the initial end-of-period reservoir capacity V2+ the current-period reservoir evaporation capacity, setting the final reservoir evaporation capacity equal to 0, and continuing the subsequent steps.
Twelfth, the shortage that the reservoir is negative is met by adopting a mode of reducing the economic and social water intake. If the economic social water intaking can meet the shortage of the storage capacity, correcting the economic social water intaking quantity as the current time interval economic social water intaking quantity + the storage capacity V3 of the reservoir at the end of the correction time interval, calculating the final time interval end storage capacity V as 0, recording the shortage V3 of the economic social water intaking quantity as the absolute value of the storage capacity of the reservoir at the end of the correction time interval, and recording the water consumption and no-water state information of the reservoir; and if the economic social water taking can not meet the shortage, calculating the final time interval end reservoir capacity V which is the corrected time interval end reservoir capacity V3+ the economic social water taking amount in the current time interval, recording the economic social water taking shortage amount which is the economic social water taking amount in the current time interval, setting the final economic social water taking amount which is 0, and recording the negative reservoir capacity state information of the reservoir. The current session simulation is ended.
Claims (7)
1. A hydrological model reservoir discharge simulation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, collecting basic reservoir information including 5 pieces of reservoir capacity information, 3 pieces of maximum discharge capacity of control water level, 2 pieces of monthly average discharge capacity and water intake of economic society;
s2, simulating the inflow rate and the evaporation capacity of the reservoir in the current time period by adopting a hydrological model, and calculating the initial reservoir capacity and the over-limit lower discharge capacity exceeding the safety limit reservoir capacity at the end of the current time period;
s3, correcting the overrun discharge amount exceeding the safety limit storage capacity to obtain the initial discharge amount at the end of the time period, and further calculating the storage capacity of the reservoir at the end of the time period;
and S4, correcting the calculated time-interval end reservoir capacity and time-interval end initial discharge by using the storage capacity information to obtain the finally used current time-interval end reservoir capacity and discharge, and recording related state information to obtain a final reservoir discharge simulation result.
2. The method for simulating the reservoir discharge amount of a hydrological model according to claim 1, wherein in step S1:
the 5 water level storage capacity information is storage capacities corresponding to 5 control water levels of the reservoir, and the arrangement sequence of the storage capacities completely including the storage capacity at the back is as follows: total reservoir capacity, design flood level reservoir capacity, normal water storage level reservoir capacity, flood control limit level reservoir capacity and dead reservoir capacity;
the maximum water level discharge control flow is used for controlling the maximum discharge flow when the water level is positioned in the corresponding water level line interval, and comprises checking the maximum discharge flow below the flood level, designing the maximum discharge flow below the flood level and the maximum discharge flow below the normal water storage level; wherein the maximum discharge below the check flood level is a maximum discharge above a design flood level; the maximum discharge below the design flood level is the maximum discharge of the water level below the design flood level and above the normal water storage level; the maximum discharge below the normal water storage level is the maximum discharge above the dead water level when the water level is lower than the normal water storage level; the maximum discharge rate below the dead water level is 0; and checking the maximum discharge capacity below the flood level > the maximum discharge capacity below the design flood level > the maximum discharge capacity below the normal water storage level;
if the information of the water level-reservoir capacity-discharge capacity curve of the reservoir can be collected, the reservoir capacity and discharge capacity of a specific water level are directly calculated by the curve.
3. The hydrological model reservoir drainage amount simulation method according to claim 1, wherein the monthly average drainage amount in step S1 includes a power generation drainage amount or a minimum ecological flow amount, and the power generation drainage amount and the minimum ecological flow amount are monthly average values, representing monthly power generation drainage and ecological water demand conditions;
the water intake quantity of the economic society is the water quantity for industry, agriculture and life which is obtained from a reservoir; the water intake of the economic society is generally year-scale, needs to be scaled down, and meets the requirement of the minimum time scale of the model.
4. The method for simulating the discharged water amount of the hydrological model reservoir according to claim 1, wherein the step S2 comprises the steps of:
s201, the simulation method of the inflow rate of the reservoir in the current time period comprises the following steps: simulating and calculating all river flows imported into the current reservoir on the same day by adopting a hydrological model or a statistical equation to serve as reservoir inflow;
s202, calculating the initial reservoir capacity at the end of the current time period, wherein the calculation formula is as follows: the initial reservoir capacity at the end of the current time interval = last reservoir capacity at the last time interval + current time interval reservoir inflow-current time interval reservoir evaporation capacity-current time interval economic society water intake;
s203, safely limiting the storage capacity to be the storage capacity corresponding to the limited water level specified for ensuring the safety of the reservoir, wherein the limited water level in the flood season is the flood control limited water level, and the limited water level in the non-flood season is the normal water storage level; and comparing the limited storage capacity with the current time period end initial reservoir storage capacity calculated in the step S202, if the time period end initial reservoir storage capacity exceeds the safety limited storage capacity, the lower-exceeding discharge rate = the time period end initial reservoir storage capacity-the safety limited storage capacity, and if the time period end initial reservoir storage capacity does not exceed the safety limited storage capacity, the lower-exceeding discharge rate = 0.
5. The method for simulating the discharged water amount of the hydrological model reservoir according to claim 1, wherein the step S3 comprises the steps of:
s301, firstly, using the minimum ecological flow to correct the overrun lower discharge amount calculated in step S2, so that the lower reservoir discharge amount is not less than the minimum ecological flow amount in the current month, that is, if the overrun lower discharge amount is less than the minimum ecological flow amount in the current month, the lower reservoir discharge amount in the current step = the minimum ecological flow amount in the current month, otherwise, the lower reservoir discharge amount in the current step = the overrun lower discharge amount in step S2;
s302, then, the power generation discharge amount is used to correct the lower reservoir discharge amount calculated in step S301, so that the lower reservoir discharge amount is not less than the power generation discharge amount in the month, that is, if the lower reservoir discharge amount calculated in step S301 is less than the power generation discharge amount, the current step calculates the lower reservoir discharge amount = the power generation discharge amount, otherwise, the current step equals to the lower reservoir discharge amount calculated in step S301; it should be noted that if the power generation drainage amount is not provided, the present step is not executed;
and S303, finally, calculating to obtain the initial downward discharge amount at the end of the time period.
6. The method for simulating the reservoir discharge amount of a hydrological model according to claim 5, wherein step S303 comprises the steps of:
comparing the initial reservoir capacity with 5 water level reservoir capacities at the end of the time interval to obtain a capacity interval in which the current reservoir capacity is positioned, and calculating to obtain the maximum discharge capacity of the corresponding reservoir capacity; if a curve of the water level, the reservoir capacity and the discharging capacity of the reservoir is collected, directly calculating the maximum discharging flow according to the initial reservoir capacity at the end of the time period through the curve; and correcting the initial discharge amount at the end of the reservoir period calculated in the step S302 by using the maximum discharge amount, so that the initial discharge amount at the end of the reservoir period is not more than the maximum discharge amount.
7. The method for simulating the discharged water amount of the hydrological model reservoir according to claim 1, wherein the step S4 comprises the steps of:
s401, when the calculated end-of-period reservoir storage capacity is larger than the total storage capacity, the final end-of-period lower discharge = end-of-period initial lower discharge + end-of-period initial reservoir storage capacity-total storage capacity, the final end-of-period initial reservoir storage capacity = total storage capacity is set, the information of the overflow state of the reservoir is recorded, and the step S4 is ended; otherwise, entering step S402;
s402, when the calculated reservoir storage capacity at the end of the time interval is larger than or equal to the dead storage capacity, ending the step S4; otherwise, go to step S403;
s403, when the final initial discharge amount at the time period is larger than the difference between the dead storage capacity and the storage capacity of the reservoir at the end of the time period, reducing the discharge amount of the reservoir, complementing the difference for correction, namely setting the final discharge amount at the end of the time period = the final initial discharge amount at the end of the time period + the storage capacity of the reservoir at the end of the time period-the dead storage capacity, and setting the final storage capacity at the end of the time period = the dead storage capacity, and ending the step S4; otherwise, correcting the initial reservoir capacity at the end of the time interval = the reservoir capacity at the end of the time interval + the initial lower discharge at the end of the time interval, setting the final lower discharge at the end of the time interval =0, and entering step S404;
s404, when the calculated final initial reservoir capacity at the correction time interval is greater than 0, the final reservoir capacity at the final time interval = the final initial reservoir capacity at the correction time interval, and the step S4 is ended; otherwise, go to step S405;
s405, when the evaporation capacity of the reservoir can meet the negative shortage of the storage capacity of the reservoir, correcting the evaporation capacity of the reservoir = the evaporation capacity of the reservoir in the current time interval + the initial storage capacity of the reservoir at the end of the time interval, setting the storage capacity of the reservoir at the end of the final time interval =0, recording the water-free state information of the reservoir, and ending the step S4; otherwise, correcting the end-of-period reservoir capacity = the end-of-period initial reservoir capacity + the current-period reservoir evaporation capacity, setting the final reservoir evaporation capacity =0, and entering step S406;
s406, when the economic social water intake quantity can meet the negative shortage of the reservoir capacity, correcting the economic social water intake quantity = the economic social water intake quantity at the current time interval + the reservoir capacity at the end of the correction time interval, setting the final reservoir capacity =0, recording the economic social water intake shortage quantity = the absolute value of the reservoir capacity at the end of the correction time interval, recording the water-dry and water-free state information of the reservoir, and ending the step S4; otherwise, the final time interval end reservoir capacity = the final correction time interval end reservoir capacity + the economic social water intake in the current time interval, the economic social water intake deficiency = the economic social water intake in the current time interval, the final economic social water intake =0 is set, and the state information of the reservoir negative storage capacity is recorded.
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