CN110576192B - Preparation method of tin oxide electric contact material based on improved silver nickel - Google Patents
Preparation method of tin oxide electric contact material based on improved silver nickel Download PDFInfo
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- CN110576192B CN110576192B CN201911005515.XA CN201911005515A CN110576192B CN 110576192 B CN110576192 B CN 110576192B CN 201911005515 A CN201911005515 A CN 201911005515A CN 110576192 B CN110576192 B CN 110576192B
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- MOFOBJHOKRNACT-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel silver Chemical compound [Ni].[Ag] MOFOBJHOKRNACT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 2
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- UKJNBKOZMFNPCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel oxotin silver Chemical compound [Sn]=O.[Ag].[Ni] UKJNBKOZMFNPCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- PLKATZNSTYDYJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane silver Chemical compound N.[Ag] PLKATZNSTYDYJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005234 chemical deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 silver ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- AYKOTYRPPUMHMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Ag] AYKOTYRPPUMHMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyoxal Chemical compound O=CC=O LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine monohydrate Substances O.NN IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N (2s)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid;(2s)-2-hydroxybutanedioic acid Chemical group OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O.NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N acetaldehyde Chemical compound [14CH]([14CH3])=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940015043 glyoxal Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium dithionite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])=O JVBXVOWTABLYPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- ZAJDUICOHISPCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel;oxotin Chemical compound [Ni].[Sn]=O ZAJDUICOHISPCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910006735 SnO2SnO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde Substances O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000713 high-energy ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000754 repressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B22F1/0003—
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/16—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes
- B22F9/18—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds
- B22F9/24—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from liquid metal compounds, e.g. solutions
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
- H01H11/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts
- H01H11/048—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts by powder-metallurgical processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/16—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes
- B22F9/18—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds
- B22F9/24—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from liquid metal compounds, e.g. solutions
- B22F2009/245—Reduction reaction in an Ionic Liquid [IL]
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Contacts (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)
Abstract
The preparation method of the silver-nickel tin oxide electric contact material based on the chemical deposition method comprises the following steps: step 1: and respectively weighing stannic oxide and nickel powder, mixing the weighed stannic oxide and nickel powder, putting the mixture into a high-energy ball mill, and carrying out ball milling under the protection of inert gas to obtain the nickel-stannic oxide composite powder. Step 2: preparing silver ammonia solution by using silver nitrate solution and ammonia water; and step 3: adding the nickel tin oxide powder obtained in the step 1 into the silver ammonia solution formed in the step 2, uniformly mixing, and preparing silver-nickel tin oxide composite powder by using a reducing agent and combining a chemical deposition method; and 4, step 4: and (4) sequentially carrying out forming and sintering treatment on the silver-nickel tin oxide composite powder obtained in the step (3) to obtain the silver-nickel tin oxide electrical contact material. The silver-nickel tin oxide electric contact material prepared by adding the auxiliary elements relieves the problems of Ni and SnO in the use process of the existing electric contact material2The problems of oxidation-reduction reaction and the like occur at high temperature, and the electric arc ablation resistance of the silver-nickel tin oxide electric contact material is favorably improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite material preparation methods, and particularly relates to a preparation method of an improved silver-nickel tin oxide electrical contact material.
Background
At present, the silver-nickel tin oxide electric contact material is widely applied as a novel silver-based electric contact material, but in the using process, fully contacted Ni and SnO are found2Oxidation-reduction reaction is carried out at high temperature, partial Ni is oxidized to generate NiO and SnO2SnO is generated by reduction, the generated NiO has poor wettability with Ag matrix, and Ni element and SnO are generated at high temperature of an electric arc2Enrichment is easily formed on the surface of the silver-nickel tin oxide electric contact material, so that the electric contact material has higher temperature rise and poorer electric arc ablation resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of an improved silver-nickel tin oxide electric contact material, which is uniformly distributed by adding auxiliary elements and utilizing a chemical deposition methodThe silver-nickel tin oxide electric contact material relieves the problems of Ni and SnO in the use process of the existing electric contact material2The problems of oxidation-reduction reaction and the like are generated at high temperature, and the electric arc ablation resistance of the silver-nickel tin oxide electric contact material is favorably improved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the preparation method for preparing the silver-nickel tin oxide electric contact material by adding the auxiliary elements is implemented according to the following steps:
step 1: preparing tin dioxide powder by using a high-energy ball milling method;
step 2: preparing silver ammonia solution by using silver nitrate solution and ammonia water;
and step 3: adding the tin dioxide powder, the Ni powder and the auxiliary element powder obtained in the step (1) into the silver-ammonia solution obtained in the step (2) and uniformly mixing; then preparing silver-nickel-tin oxide composite powder by using a reducing agent and combining a chemical deposition method;
and 4, step 4: and (4) sequentially carrying out forming, sintering and repressing treatment on the silver-nickel-tin oxide composite powder obtained in the step (3) to obtain the silver-nickel-tin oxide electrical contact material.
The invention is also characterized in that:
the step 1 is implemented according to the following steps:
weighing tin dioxide powder, and putting the weighed tin dioxide powder into a high-energy ball mill for ball milling for 2-8h, wherein the rotating speed of the ball mill is 300-.
The step 2 is implemented according to the following steps:
step 2.1: respectively weighing silver nitrate and water, and uniformly mixing the weighed silver nitrate and the water to obtain a silver nitrate solution;
step 2.2: and (3) taking ammonia water, slowly dripping the ammonia water into the silver nitrate solution obtained in the step 2.1 to form a silver-ammonia solution, and controlling the pH value of the solution to be 7-11 by using a pH meter in the dripping process.
The mass ratio of silver nitrate to water in the step 2.1 is as follows: 1-5: 95-99.
Step 3 is specifically implemented according to the following steps:
step 3.1: according to the molar ratio of tin element, nickel element, auxiliary element and silver element of 1: 0-5: 0-5: 2.09-12.5, adding the tin dioxide powder, the Ni powder and the auxiliary element powder in the step 1 into the silver-ammonia solution formed in the step 2, and stirring uniformly to obtain a uniformly dispersed suspension system;
step 3.2: and (3) taking a reducing agent, slowly dropwise adding the reducing agent into the suspension system obtained in the step 3.1, detecting silver ions in the suspension by using hydrochloric acid in the dropwise adding process in a manner of stirring while dropwise adding until no silver ions exist in the suspension, and stopping dropwise adding the reducing agent to prepare the silver-nickel-tin oxide composite powder.
The reducing agent is hydrazine hydrate, ascorbic acid, glucose, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, glyoxal, formic acid, formate, acetic acid, sodium borohydride or sodium hydrosulfite; the particle size of Ni powder is 100-600 meshes, and the auxiliary element powder comprises Fe powder, Sn powder and Zn powder, and the particle size is 100-600 meshes.
The stirring mode adopted in the step 3.2 is mechanical stirring and ultrasonic oscillation.
Step 4 is specifically implemented according to the following method:
step 4.1: carrying out hot extrusion process or re-pressing processing on the silver-nickel tin oxide composite powder obtained in the step (3) to obtain a silver-nickel tin oxide electric contact material;
step 4.2: and (3) annealing the silver-nickel tin oxide electrical contact material obtained in the step (4.1) at the temperature of 500-700 ℃ for 1-3 h according to the requirement of actual industrial production so as to adjust the hardness of the finished product, thus obtaining the silver-nickel tin oxide electrical contact material.
The beneficial effects of the invention are:
the silver nickel tin oxide electrical contact material with uniform distribution is prepared by a chemical deposition method by adding auxiliary elements in the preparation method of the silver nickel tin oxide electrical contact material, so that Ni and SnO in the use process of the existing electrical contact material are relieved2The problems of oxidation-reduction reaction and the like are generated at high temperature, and the electric arc ablation resistance of the silver-nickel tin oxide electric contact material is favorably improved.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.
The invention discloses a uniformly-distributed silver-nickel-tin oxide electrical contact material prepared by a chemical deposition method through adding auxiliary elements, which is implemented by the following steps:
step 1: weighing stannic oxide and nickel powder, putting the weighed stannic oxide and nickel powder into a high-energy ball mill, wherein the ball-material ratio is 1: 8-20, ball milling for 2-8h in a ball mill with the rotating speed of the ball mill of 300-.
Step 2: preparing a silver-ammonia solution by using a silver nitrate solution and ammonia water, and specifically performing the following steps:
step 2.1: according to the mass ratio of 1-5: 95-99 respectively weighing silver nitrate and water, and uniformly mixing the weighed silver nitrate and the water to obtain a silver nitrate solution;
step 2.2: and (3) taking ammonia water, slowly dripping the ammonia water into the silver nitrate solution obtained in the step 2.1 to form a silver-ammonia solution, and controlling the pH value of the solution to be 7-11 by using a pH meter in the dripping process.
And step 3: adding the tin dioxide powder, Ni powder and auxiliary element powder obtained in the step 1 into the silver-ammonia solution formed in the step 2, uniformly mixing, and preparing the silver-nickel tin oxide composite powder by using a reducing agent and combining a chemical deposition method, wherein the method is implemented according to the following steps:
step 3.1: according to the molar ratio of tin element, nickel element, auxiliary element and silver element of 1: 0-5: 0-5: 2.09-12.5, adding the tin dioxide powder, the Ni powder and the auxiliary element powder in the step 1 into the silver-ammonia solution formed in the step 2, and stirring uniformly to obtain a uniformly dispersed suspension system;
the stirring mode adopts mechanical stirring and ultrasonic vibration, the mechanical stirring speed is 10-120 r/min, the ultrasonic power is 30-300W/g, and the ultrasonic frequency is 20-100 KHZ; the particle size of Ni powder is 100-600 meshes, and the auxiliary element powder comprises Fe powder, Sn powder and Zn powder, and the particle size is 100-600 meshes.
Step 3.2: and (3) taking a reducing agent, slowly dropwise adding the reducing agent into the suspension system obtained in the step 3.1, adopting a mode of stirring while dropwise adding and ultrasonic vibration, detecting silver ions in the suspension by using hydrochloric acid in the dropwise adding process until no silver ions exist in the suspension, and stopping dropwise adding the reducing agent to prepare the silver-nickel-tin oxide composite powder.
Wherein the reducing agent is hydrazine hydrate, ascorbic acid, glucose, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, glyoxal, formic acid, formate, acetic acid, sodium borohydride or sodium hydrosulfite.
And 4, step 4: and (3) sequentially molding and sintering the silver-nickel-tin oxide composite powder obtained in the step (3) to obtain the silver-nickel-tin oxide electrical contact material, which is implemented according to the following steps:
step 4.1: carrying out hot extrusion process or re-pressing processing on the silver-nickel tin oxide composite powder obtained in the step 3 to obtain a silver-nickel tin oxide electrical contact material;
step 4.2: and (3) annealing the silver-nickel tin oxide electrical contact material obtained in the step (4.1) at the temperature of 500-700 ℃ for 1-3 h according to the requirement of actual industrial production so as to adjust the hardness of the finished product, thus obtaining the silver-nickel tin oxide electrical contact material.
Example 1
Weighing tin dioxide, putting the tin dioxide into a high-energy ball mill, ball-milling for 3 hours at a ball-material ratio of 1:9, and rotating the ball mill at a speed of 500 r/m to obtain tin dioxide powder.
According to the mass ratio of 1: 99 respectively weighing silver nitrate and water, and uniformly mixing the weighed silver nitrate and the water to obtain a silver nitrate solution; and (3) taking ammonia water, slowly dripping the ammonia water into the silver nitrate solution to form a silver ammonia solution, and controlling the pH value of the solution to be 7.5 by using a pH meter in the dripping process.
According to the molar ratio of tin element, nickel element, Fe element and silver element of 1: 1: 1: and 3, adding the prepared tin dioxide powder, Ni powder and Fe powder into the silver-ammonia solution, and stirring and uniformly adding ultrasound to obtain a uniformly dispersed suspension system.
Slowly dropwise adding a reducing agent-hydrazine hydrate into a suspension system, adopting a mode of stirring while dropwise adding and ultrasound, detecting silver ions in the suspension by using hydrochloric acid in the dropwise adding process until no silver ions exist in the suspension, and stopping dropwise adding the reducing agent-hydrazine hydrate to prepare the silver-nickel-tin oxide composite powder.
Carrying out hot extrusion process or re-pressing processing treatment on the silver-nickel tin oxide composite powder to obtain a silver-nickel tin oxide electric contact material; and annealing the silver-nickel tin oxide electrical contact material at 500 ℃ for 3h according to the requirements of actual industrial production to adjust the hardness of the finished product, thereby obtaining the silver-nickel tin oxide electrical contact material.
Example 2
Weighing tin dioxide, putting the tin dioxide into a high-energy ball mill, ball-milling for 5 hours at a ball-material ratio of 1:13, and rotating the ball mill at a speed of 500 r/m to obtain tin dioxide powder.
According to the mass ratio of 2: 98, respectively weighing silver nitrate and water, and uniformly mixing the weighed silver nitrate and the water to obtain a silver nitrate solution; and (3) taking ammonia water, slowly dripping the ammonia water into the silver nitrate solution to form a silver ammonia solution, and controlling the pH value of the solution to be 8 by using a pH meter in the dripping process.
According to the molar ratio of tin element, nickel element, tin element and silver element of 1: 2: 1: and 3, adding the prepared tin dioxide powder, Ni powder and Sn powder into the silver-ammonia solution, and stirring and uniformly adding ultrasound to obtain a uniformly dispersed suspension system.
Slowly dripping a reducing agent ascorbic acid into a suspension system, adopting a mode of stirring and ultrasonic addition while dripping, detecting silver ions in the suspension by using hydrochloric acid in the dripping process until no silver ions exist in the suspension, and stopping dripping the reducing agent ascorbic acid to prepare the silver-nickel tin oxide composite powder.
Carrying out hot extrusion process or re-pressing processing treatment on the silver-nickel tin oxide composite powder to obtain a silver-nickel tin oxide electric contact material; and (3) annealing the silver-nickel tin oxide electrical contact material at the temperature of 600 ℃ for 2h according to the requirements of actual industrial production so as to adjust the hardness of the finished product, thus obtaining the silver-nickel tin oxide electrical contact material.
Example 3
Weighing tin dioxide, putting the tin dioxide into a high-energy ball mill, ball-milling for 4 hours at a ball-material ratio of 1:12, and rotating the ball mill at a speed of 500 r/m to obtain tin dioxide powder.
According to the mass ratio of 3: 97 weighing silver nitrate and water respectively, and mixing the weighed silver nitrate and water uniformly to obtain a silver nitrate solution; and (3) taking ammonia water, slowly dripping the ammonia water into the silver nitrate solution to form a silver-ammonia solution, and controlling the pH value of the solution to be 8.2 by using a pH meter in the dripping process.
According to the molar ratio of tin element, nickel element, zinc element and silver element of 1: 3: 1: and 6, adding the prepared tin dioxide powder, Ni powder and Zn powder into the silver-ammonia solution, and stirring and uniformly adding ultrasound to obtain a uniformly dispersed suspension system.
Slowly dropwise adding a reducing agent-formaldehyde into a suspension system, adopting a mode of stirring while dropwise adding and ultrasonic adding, detecting silver ions in the suspension by using hydrochloric acid in the dropwise adding process until no silver ions exist in the suspension, and stopping dropwise adding the reducing agent-ascorbic acid to prepare the silver-nickel-tin oxide composite powder.
Carrying out hot extrusion process or re-pressing processing treatment on the silver-nickel tin oxide composite powder to obtain a silver-nickel tin oxide electrical contact material; and annealing the silver-nickel tin oxide electric contact material at 700 ℃ for 1h according to the requirements of actual industrial production to adjust the hardness of the finished product, thereby obtaining the silver-nickel tin oxide electric contact material.
The silver-nickel-tin oxide electrical contact material is prepared by adding auxiliary elements, and the silver-nickel-tin oxide electrical contact material with uniform distribution is prepared by utilizing a chemical deposition method, so that Ni and SnO in the use process of the existing electrical contact material are relieved2The problems of oxidation-reduction reaction and the like occur at high temperature, and the electric arc ablation resistance of the silver-nickel tin oxide electric contact material is favorably improved.
Claims (7)
1. The preparation method of the silver-nickel tin oxide electric contact material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: weighing stannic oxide, putting the stannic oxide into a high-energy ball mill, wherein the ball-material ratio is 1: ball milling for 2-8h at the ball mill rotation speed of 300-;
step 2: preparing silver ammonia solution by using silver nitrate solution and ammonia water;
and 3, step 3: adding the tin dioxide powder, nickel powder and auxiliary element powder obtained in the step (1) into the silver-ammonia solution formed in the step (2), uniformly mixing, and preparing silver-nickel-tin oxide composite powder by using a reducing agent and combining a chemical deposition method, wherein the auxiliary element powder comprises Fe powder, Sn powder or Zn powder;
and 4, step 4: and (4) sequentially carrying out molding and sintering treatment on the silver-nickel tin oxide composite powder obtained in the step (3) to obtain the silver-nickel tin oxide electrical contact material.
2. The method for preparing the silver-nickel-tin oxide electrical contact material according to claim 1, wherein the step 2 is specifically carried out according to the following steps:
step 2.1: respectively weighing silver nitrate and water, and uniformly mixing the weighed silver nitrate and the water to obtain a silver nitrate solution;
step 2.2: and (3) taking ammonia water, slowly dripping the ammonia water into the silver nitrate solution obtained in the step 2.1 to form a silver-ammonia solution, and controlling the pH value of the solution to be 7-11 by using a Ph meter in the dripping process.
3. The method for preparing the silver nickel tin oxide electrical contact material according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of the silver nitrate to the water in the step 2.1 is as follows: 1-5: 95-99.
4. The method for preparing the silver nickel tin oxide electrical contact material according to claim 1, wherein the step 3 is specifically performed according to the following steps:
step 3.1: according to the molar ratio of tin element, nickel element, auxiliary element and silver element of 1: 1-5: 1-5: 2.09-12.5, respectively weighing the tin dioxide powder, the Ni powder and the auxiliary element powder in the step 1, adding the weighed materials into the silver-ammonia solution formed in the step 2, and stirring uniformly to obtain a uniformly dispersed suspension system;
step 3.2: and (3) taking a reducing agent, slowly dropwise adding the reducing agent into the suspension system obtained in the step 3.1, detecting silver ions in the suspension by using hydrochloric acid in the dropwise adding process in a manner of stirring while dropwise adding until no silver ions exist in the suspension, and stopping dropwise adding the reducing agent to prepare the silver-nickel-tin oxide composite powder.
5. The method for preparing silver-nickel tin oxide electrical contact material according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the particle size of the Ni powder is 100-600 mesh, the particle size of the auxiliary element powder is 100-600 mesh,
the reducing agent is hydrazine hydrate, ascorbic acid, glucose, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, glyoxal, formic acid, formate, acetic acid, sodium borohydride or sodium hydrosulfite.
6. The method for preparing the silver nickel tin oxide electrical contact material according to claim 4, wherein the stirring manner adopted in the step 3.2 is mechanical stirring and ultrasonic oscillation, the mechanical stirring rotating speed is 10-120 r/min, the ultrasonic power is 30-300W/g, and the ultrasonic frequency is 20-100 KHZ.
7. The method for preparing the silver nickel tin oxide electrical contact material according to claim 1, wherein the step 4 is specifically carried out according to the following method:
step 4.1: carrying out hot extrusion process or re-pressing processing on the silver-nickel tin oxide composite powder obtained in the step 3 to obtain a silver-nickel tin oxide electrical contact material;
step 4.2: and (4) annealing the silver-nickel tin oxide electrical contact material obtained in the step (4.1) at the temperature of 500-700 ℃ for 1-3 h according to the requirement of actual industrial production, and adjusting the hardness of the finished product to obtain the silver-nickel tin oxide electrical contact material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911005515.XA CN110576192B (en) | 2019-10-22 | 2019-10-22 | Preparation method of tin oxide electric contact material based on improved silver nickel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911005515.XA CN110576192B (en) | 2019-10-22 | 2019-10-22 | Preparation method of tin oxide electric contact material based on improved silver nickel |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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