CN105108150B - Preparation method of silver-copper-oxide electrical contact material - Google Patents
Preparation method of silver-copper-oxide electrical contact material Download PDFInfo
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- CN105108150B CN105108150B CN201510566450.1A CN201510566450A CN105108150B CN 105108150 B CN105108150 B CN 105108150B CN 201510566450 A CN201510566450 A CN 201510566450A CN 105108150 B CN105108150 B CN 105108150B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a silver-copper-oxide electrical contact material, which comprises the following steps: 1 weighing oxide powder and abrading-ball respectively and processing the weighed oxide powder through the high energy ball milling method to obtain a nanometer level oxide powder; 2 mixing a silver powder, a copper powder and a nanometer level oxide powder obtained from step 1 to obtain a mixed powder A, and conducting mechanical alloyage surface treatment to the mixed powder A to obtain a mixed powder B; and 3 conducting procedures of annealing, moulding, sintering and extruding to the mixed powder B obtained from step 2 to obtain the silver-copper-oxide electrical contact material. According to the preparation method of the silver-copper-oxide electrical contact material, the cheap metal copper is used to substitute partial precious metals silver; at the same time, oxide is added to prepare the electrical contact material; in this way, not only the preparation cost is low; the obtained electrical contact material has good conductive performance and long service life.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to composite material and preparation method thereof technical field, and in particular to a kind of silver copper oxide electrical contact material
Preparation method.
Background technology
Existing Ag-based electrical contact material preparation method is broadly divided into traditional handicraft and is conducive to improving the new of contact performance
Technique.
Traditional handicraft can substantially be summarized as two kinds, be respectively：General powder metallurgic method (prior powder metallurgy method, reaction spray
Mist method, mechanical alloying method, reaction synthesis method) and internal oxidation (alloy inner oxidation method, pre-oxidation alloyage)；But traditional work
Skill has that the combination property difference and service life of the electrical contact material prepared is short mostly.
In recent years, the new technology for improving contact performance is conducive to gradually to grow up, these new technologies can be subdivided into：Injection
Sedimentation, sol-gel process, fibre strengthening method, isostatic pressed preparation method, plasma spraying process etc..Although utilizing these method systems
It is standby go out electrical contact material electric conductivity it is all relatively good, but all exist mostly high cost, technological parameter complexity be difficult to control to,
The shortcoming of process cycle length, it is difficult to realize industrialized production application.
Particularly want substantial amounts of using silver in electrical contact material production technology, so will result in the increasing of preparation cost
Plus.But in the prior art, if reducing silver content in electrical contact material preparation technology, may result in the electric conductivity of contact material
Energy and processing characteristics are also decreased, the final combination property and service life for affecting contact material.
For prior art, also do not occur on the market replacing part noble silver using cheap metallic copper, while
The method for adding oxide to prepare electrical contact material.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of preparation method of silver copper oxide electrical contact material, using cheap metal
Copper replaces part noble silver, while adding oxide to prepare electrical contact material, not only preparation cost is low, and prepare
Electrical contact material conducts electricity very well, long service life.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is, a kind of preparation method of silver copper oxide electrical contact material, specifically according to
Following steps are implemented：
Step 1, oxide powder and abrading-ball is weighed respectively, using high-energy ball milling method at the oxide powder that weighs
Reason, obtains nanometer oxide powder；
Step 2, by argentum powder, copper powder and obtained in Jing steps 1 nanometer oxide powder mixing, formed mixed powder A, it is right
Mixed powder A carries out mechanical alloying surface treatment, obtains mixed powder B；
Step 3, the mixed powder B obtained to Jing steps 2 carry out annealing successively, molding, sintering and extrusion process, prepare
Silver copper oxide electrical contact material.
The characteristics of of the invention, also resides in：
Step 1 is specifically implemented according to following steps：
Step 1.1, oxide powder and abrading-ball is weighed respectively, oxide powder is 1 with the mass ratio of abrading-ball：(5～30)；
Oxide powder adopts SnO2Powder, ZnO powder, SiO2Powder, CdO powder, La2O3Powder or CuO powder；
Step 1.2, first the oxide powder weighed in step 1.1 is added in ball grinder together with abrading-ball, then to ball
Grinding jar adds dehydrated alcohol, every gram of oxide powder add 2.8ml～3.8ml dehydrated alcohol, opens ball grinder and starts ball milling
Process, the ball-milling treatment time is 1h～4h；
Step 1.3, the material obtained Jing after step 1.2 ball milling is positioned over into air drying, that is, obtains nanoscale
Powder.
Abrading-ball in step 1.2 is rustless steel abrading-ball, bearing steel abrading-ball or zirconium oxide balls.
In step 1.2, the cumulative volume of oxide powder, abrading-ball and dehydrated alcohol accounts for the 30%～50% of ball milling tank volume.
Step 2 is specifically implemented according to following steps：
Step 2.1, in mass ratio be (40～90)：(5～40)：(0.1～20) weighs argentum powder, copper powder and Jing steps respectively
Nanometer oxide powder obtained in 1；
Step 2.2, by the argentum powder weighed in step 2.1, copper powder, nanometer oxide powder mix homogeneously, form mixing
Powder body A；
Step 2.3, the mixed powder A obtained to step 2.2 carry out mechanical alloying surface treatment, are uniformly mixed
Mixed powder B.
In step 2, the mean diameter of argentum powder is 45 microns～80 microns.
Step 2.3 is specifically implemented according to following steps：
Step 2.3.1, the matter for weighing the mixed powder A that abrading-ball and Jing steps 2.2 are obtained, mixed powder A and abrading-ball respectively
Amount is than being 1：(10～20)；
Step 2.3.2, first the abrading-ball weighed in step 2.3.1 and mixed powder A are added in high energy ball mill together,
Then in high energy ball mill add dehydrated alcohol, every gram of mixed powder A add 2.8ml～3.8ml dehydrated alcohol, open high
Can ball mill, ball-milling treatment is carried out to the mixed powder A in high energy ball mill, mechanical alloying is realized, the ball-milling treatment time is
1h～8h, in mechanical milling process, less nano oxide powder is embedded in larger particles shape metal, obtains mixed powder B.
Abrading-ball in step 2.3 is rustless steel abrading-ball, bearing steel abrading-ball or zirconium oxide balls.
Step 3 is specifically implemented according to following steps：
Step 3.1, the mixed powder B that step 2 is obtained be placed in 300 DEG C～450 DEG C vacuum sintering furnaces carry out it is annealing treatment
Reason, in annealing process fills nitrogen or hydrogen is protected, and takes out, obtain mixed powder C after insulation 1h～3h；
Step 3.2, the mixed powder C for obtaining step 3.1 load in isostatic pressing mold, in 200MPa～300MPa
Isostatic pressing process is carried out under pressure to mixed powder C, process time is 3min～5min, obtains the yellow gold post of molding
Base；
Isostatic pressing mold can be using the cylindric isostatic pressing mold of a diameter of 8cm～12cm；
Step 3.3, the yellow gold post base for obtaining Jing steps 3.2 are positioned in 550 DEG C～750 DEG C of vacuum sintering furnace
Sintering, is filled with nitrogen or hydrogen as protection, takes out, bar-shaped section bar is obtained after insulation 3h～8h；
Step 3.4, the bar-shaped section bar for obtaining step 3.3 are obtained tabular or wire type after hot extrusion technique process
Material；
Hot-extrusion mold will be used in hot extrusion technique, control temperature at 350 DEG C～500 DEG C in hot extrusion technique；
Step 3.5, according to the needs of actual industrial production, using rolling or drawing process by section bar obtained in step 3.4
Regulatory specifications are worked into, that is, obtain silver copper oxide electrical contact material.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：
1. a kind of preparation method of silver copper oxide electrical contact material of the invention, solves existing electrical contact material and prepares
The use content of silver present in preparation process is high, cost is big, long the production cycle, oxide are easy to segregation and complex process is asked
Topic.
2., in a kind of preparation method of silver copper oxide electrical contact material of the invention, some oxide powders with the addition of
(such as：SnO2、ZnO、SiO2、CdO、La2O3, CuO) as phase is strengthened, abrasion resistance properties of electrical contact and anti-molten can be greatly improved
Weldering performance.
3. metallic copper is all face-centred cubic structure with silver, with good electric conductivity and plasticity, a kind of silver-bearing copper oxygen of the invention
In the preparation method of compound electrical contact material, by substituting the part silver in silver-colored (Ag) base contact material with metallic copper (Cu), show
Work reduces the use content of silver, saves preparation cost, while maintain higher electrical conductivity, improve electrical contact material can
Processing characteristics.
4. in a kind of preparation method of silver copper oxide electrical contact material of the invention, using high-energy ball-milling process process
Silver, copper, oxide composite powder, process is simple and preparation cost is relatively low.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
A kind of preparation method of silver copper oxide electrical contact material of the present invention, specifically implements according to following steps：
Step 1, oxide powder and abrading-ball is weighed respectively, using high-energy ball milling method at the oxide powder that weighs
Reason, obtains nanometer oxide powder, specifically implements according to following steps：
Step 1.1, oxide powder and abrading-ball is weighed respectively, oxide powder is 1 with the mass ratio of abrading-ball：(5～30)；
Oxide powder adopts SnO2Powder, ZnO powder, SiO2Powder, CdO powder, La2O3Powder or CuO powder；
Step 1.2, first the oxide powder weighed in step 1.1 is added in ball grinder together with abrading-ball, then to ball
Grinding jar adds dehydrated alcohol, every gram of oxide powder add 2.8ml～3.8ml dehydrated alcohol, opens ball grinder and starts ball milling
Process, the ball-milling treatment time is 1h～4h；
In order to ensure ball milling effect, in mechanical milling process, the cumulative volume of oxide powder, abrading-ball and dehydrated alcohol accounts for ball milling
The 30%～50% of tank volume；
The abrading-ball adopted in step 1.2 is rustless steel abrading-ball, bearing steel abrading-ball or zirconium oxide balls；
Step 1.3, the material obtained Jing after step 1.2 ball milling is positioned over into air drying, that is, obtains nanoscale
Powder.
Step 2, by argentum powder, copper powder and obtained in Jing steps 1 nanometer oxide powder mixing, formed mixed powder A, it is right
Mixed powder A carries out mechanical alloying surface treatment, obtains mixed powder B, specifically implements according to following steps：
Step 2.1, in mass ratio be (40～90)：(5～40)：(0.1～20) weighs argentum powder, copper powder and Jing steps respectively
Nanometer oxide powder obtained in 1；
Wherein, the mean diameter of argentum powder is 45 microns～80 microns；
Step 2.2, by the argentum powder weighed in step 2.1, copper powder, nanometer oxide powder mix homogeneously, form mixing
Powder body A；
Step 2.3, the mixed powder A obtained to step 2.2 carry out mechanical alloying surface treatment, are uniformly mixed
Mixed powder B, specifically implements according to following steps：
Step 2.3.1, the matter for weighing the mixed powder A that abrading-ball and Jing steps 2.2 are obtained, mixed powder A and abrading-ball respectively
Amount is than being 1：(10～20)；
The abrading-ball for adopting is rustless steel abrading-ball, bearing steel abrading-ball or zirconium oxide balls；
Step 2.3.2, first the abrading-ball weighed in step 2.3.1 and mixed powder A are added in high energy ball mill together,
Then in high energy ball mill add dehydrated alcohol, every gram of mixed powder A add 2.8ml～3.8ml dehydrated alcohol, open high
Can ball mill, ball-milling treatment is carried out to the mixed powder A in high energy ball mill, mechanical alloying is realized, the ball-milling treatment time is
1h～8h, in mechanical milling process, less nano oxide powder is embedded in larger particles shape metal, is uniformly mixed
Mixed powder B.
Step 3, the mixed powder B obtained to Jing steps 2 carry out annealing successively, molding, sintering and extrusion process, prepare
Silver copper oxide electrical contact material, specifically implements according to following steps：
Step 3.1, the mixed powder B that step 2 is obtained be placed in 300 DEG C～450 DEG C vacuum sintering furnaces carry out it is annealing treatment
Reason, in annealing process fills nitrogen or hydrogen is protected, and takes out, obtain mixed powder C after insulation 1h～3h；
Step 3.2, the mixed powder C for obtaining step 3.1 load in isostatic pressing mold, in 200MPa～300MPa
Isostatic pressing process is carried out under pressure to mixed powder C, process time is 3min～5min, obtains the yellow gold post of molding
Base；
Isostatic pressing mold can be using the cylindric isostatic pressing mold of a diameter of 8cm～12cm；
Step 3.3, the yellow gold post base for obtaining Jing steps 3.2 are positioned in 550 DEG C～750 DEG C of vacuum sintering furnace
Sintering, is filled with nitrogen or hydrogen as protection, takes out, bar-shaped section bar is obtained after insulation 3h～8h；
Step 3.4, the bar-shaped section bar for obtaining step 3.3 are obtained tabular or wire type after hot extrusion technique process
Material；
Hot-extrusion mold will be used in hot extrusion technique, control temperature at 350 DEG C～500 DEG C in hot extrusion technique；
Step 3.5, according to the needs of actual industrial production, using rolling or drawing process by section bar obtained in step 3.4
Regulatory specifications are worked into, that is, obtain silver copper oxide electrical contact material.
Embodiment 1
SnO is weighed respectively2Powder and rustless steel abrading-ball, SnO2Powder is 1 with the mass ratio of rustless steel abrading-ball：5；To first claim
The SnO for taking2During powder adds ball grinder together with rustless steel abrading-ball, then dehydrated alcohol, every gram of SnO is added to ball grinder2Powder
2.8ml dehydrated alcohol is added, ball grinder is opened, after ball milling 4h, is obtained nano SnO2Powder；The nano SnO that will be obtained after ball milling2Powder
End is positioned over air drying, that is, obtain nanoscale SnO2Powder body；
It is 90 in mass ratio：5：5 weigh argentum powder, copper powder and nanoscale SnO respectively2Powder body；The wherein mean diameter of argentum powder
For 45 microns；By the argentum powder for weighing, copper powder, nanoscale SnO2Powder body mix homogeneously, forms mixed powder A；Weigh respectively stainless
The ratio of grinding media to material of steel abrading-ball and mixed powder A, mixed powder A and rustless steel abrading-ball is 1：10；First by the rustless steel abrading-ball for weighing and
Mixed powder A is added in high energy ball mill together, then adds dehydrated alcohol, every gram of mixed powder A in high energy ball mill
2.8ml dehydrated alcohol is added, high energy ball mill is opened, ball-milling treatment is carried out to the mixed powder A in high energy ball mill, realized
Mechanical alloying, ball-milling treatment time are 8h, and in mechanical milling process, less nano oxide powder is embedded into larger particles shape
In metal, the mixed powder B being uniformly mixed；
Mixed powder B is placed in 450 DEG C of vacuum sintering furnaces and is made annealing treatment, fill nitrogen in annealing process
Protect, take out after insulation 1h, obtain mixed powder C；Mixed powder C is loaded in isostatic pressing mold, is pressed in 200MPa
Isostatic pressing process is carried out under power, and process time is 5min, and isostatic pressing mold can be using the cylinder of a diameter of 10cm
Shape isostatic pressing mold, obtains the yellow gold post base of molding；Yellow gold post base is positioned over into 550 DEG C of vacuum sintering furnace
Middle sintering, is filled with nitrogen as protection, takes out, bar-shaped section bar is obtained after insulation 8h；By the bar-shaped section bar for obtaining through hot extrusion
After PROCESS FOR TREATMENT, tabular or wire section bar is obtained；Hot-extrusion mold will be used in hot extrusion technique, controlled in hot extrusion technique
Temperature processed is at 350 DEG C；According to actual industrial production needs, using rolling or drawing process by obtained shape extrusion to specify
Specification, that is, obtain silver copper oxide electrical contact material.
Embodiment 2
ZnO powder and bearing steel abrading-ball is weighed respectively, and ZnO powder is 1 with the mass ratio of bearing steel abrading-ball：20；To first claim
During the ZnO powder for taking adds ball grinder together with bearing steel abrading-ball, then dehydrated alcohol, every gram of ZnO powder is added to ball grinder
3.2ml dehydrated alcohol is added, ball grinder is opened, after ball milling 2h, is obtained nanometer ZnO powder；The nano-ZnO that will be obtained after ball milling
Powder is positioned over air drying, that is, obtain nanoscale ZnO powder body；
It is 70 in mass ratio：20：10 weigh argentum powder, copper powder and nanoscale ZnO powder body respectively；The wherein mean diameter of argentum powder
For 65 microns；By the argentum powder for weighing, copper powder, nanoscale ZnO powder body mix homogeneously, mixed powder A is formed；Bearing steel is weighed respectively
The ratio of grinding media to material of abrading-ball and mixed powder A, mixed powder A and bearing steel abrading-ball is 1：15；First by the bearing steel abrading-ball for weighing and mixed
Closing powder body A to be added in high energy ball mill together, then dehydrated alcohol being added in high energy ball mill, every gram of mixed powder A will
3.2ml dehydrated alcohol is added, high energy ball mill is opened, ball-milling treatment is carried out to the mixed powder A in high energy ball mill, machine is realized
Tool alloying, ball-milling treatment time are 4h, and in mechanical milling process, less nano oxide powder is embedded into larger particles shape gold
In category, the mixed powder B being uniformly mixed；
Mixed powder B is placed in 350 DEG C of vacuum sintering furnaces and is made annealing treatment, fill nitrogen in annealing process
Protect, take out after insulation 2h, obtain mixed powder C；Mixed powder C is loaded in isostatic pressing mold, is pressed in 250MPa
Isostatic pressing process is carried out under power, and process time is 4min, and isostatic pressing mold can be using the cylindric of a diameter of 8cm
Isostatic pressing mold, obtains the yellow gold post base of molding；Yellow gold post base is positioned in 700 DEG C of vacuum sintering furnace
Sintering, is filled with nitrogen as protection, takes out, bar-shaped section bar is obtained after insulation 4h；By the bar-shaped section bar for obtaining through hot extrusion work
After skill process, tabular or wire section bar is obtained；Hot-extrusion mold will be used in hot extrusion technique, controlled in hot extrusion technique
Temperature is at 450 DEG C；According to the needs of actual industrial production, obtained shape extrusion is advised to regulation using rolling or drawing process
Lattice, that is, obtain silver copper oxide electrical contact material.
Embodiment 3
SiO is weighed respectively2Powder and zirconium oxide balls, SiO2Powder is 1 with the mass ratio of zirconium oxide balls：30；To first claim
The SiO for taking2During powder adds ball grinder together with zirconium oxide balls, then dehydrated alcohol, every gram of SiO is added to ball grinder2Powder
3.8ml dehydrated alcohol is added, ball grinder is opened, after ball milling 1h, is obtained Nano-meter SiO_22Powder；The Nano-meter SiO_2 that will be obtained after ball milling2
Powder is positioned over air drying, that is, obtain nanoscale SiO2Powder body；
It is 40 in mass ratio：40：20 weigh argentum powder, copper powder and nanoscale SiO respectively2Powder body；The wherein average grain of argentum powder
Footpath is 80 microns；By the argentum powder for weighing, copper powder, nanoscale SiO2Powder body mix homogeneously, forms mixed powder A；Oxygen is weighed respectively
The ratio of grinding media to material for changing zirconium abrading-ball and mixed powder A, mixed powder A and zirconium oxide balls is 1：20；First by the zirconium oxide balls for weighing
It is added in high energy ball mill together with mixed powder A, then adds dehydrated alcohol, every gram of mixed powder in high energy ball mill
A will add 3.8ml dehydrated alcohol, open high energy ball mill, carry out ball-milling treatment to the mixed powder A in high energy ball mill, real
Existing mechanical alloying, the ball-milling treatment time is 1h, and in mechanical milling process, less nano oxide powder is embedded into larger particles
In shape metal, the mixed powder B being uniformly mixed；
Mixed powder B is placed in 300 DEG C of vacuum sintering furnaces and is made annealing treatment, fill nitrogen in annealing process
Protect, take out after insulation 3h, obtain mixed powder C；Mixed powder C is loaded in isostatic pressing mold, is pressed in 300MPa
Isostatic pressing process is carried out under power, and process time is 3min, and isostatic pressing mold can be using the cylinder of a diameter of 12cm
Shape isostatic pressing mold, obtains the yellow gold post base of molding；Yellow gold post base is positioned over into 750 DEG C of vacuum sintering furnace
Middle sintering, is filled with hydrogen as protection, takes out, bar-shaped section bar is obtained after insulation 3h；By the bar-shaped section bar for obtaining through hot extrusion
After PROCESS FOR TREATMENT, tabular or wire section bar is obtained；Hot-extrusion mold will be used in hot extrusion technique, controlled in hot extrusion technique
Temperature processed is at 500 DEG C；According to actual industrial production needs, using rolling or drawing process by obtained shape extrusion to specify
Specification, that is, obtain silver copper oxide electrical contact material.
Embodiment 4
CdO powder and zirconium oxide balls are weighed respectively, and CdO powder is 1 with the mass ratio of zirconium oxide balls：10；To first claim
During the CdO powder for taking adds ball grinder together with zirconium oxide balls, then dehydrated alcohol, every gram of CdO powder is added to ball grinder
3.5ml dehydrated alcohol is added, ball grinder is opened, after ball milling 1.5h, is obtained a nanometer CdO powder；The nanometer that will be obtained after ball milling
CdO powder is positioned over air drying, that is, obtain nanoscale CdO powder body；
It is 90 in mass ratio：40：20 weigh argentum powder, copper powder and nanoscale CdO powder body respectively；The wherein mean diameter of argentum powder
For 75 microns；By the argentum powder for weighing, copper powder, nanoscale CdO powder body mix homogeneously, mixed powder A is formed；Zirconium oxide is weighed respectively
The ratio of grinding media to material of abrading-ball and mixed powder A, mixed powder A and zirconium oxide balls is 1：18；First by zirconium oxide balls for weighing and mixed
Closing powder body A to be added in high energy ball mill together, then dehydrated alcohol being added in high energy ball mill, every gram of mixed powder A will
3.5ml dehydrated alcohol is added, high energy ball mill is opened, ball-milling treatment is carried out to the mixed powder A in high energy ball mill, machine is realized
Tool alloying, ball-milling treatment time are 2h, and in mechanical milling process, less nano oxide powder is embedded into larger particles shape gold
In category, the mixed powder B being uniformly mixed；
Mixed powder B is placed in 350 DEG C of vacuum sintering furnaces and is made annealing treatment, fill nitrogen in annealing process
Protect, take out after insulation 2.5h, obtain mixed powder C；Mixed powder C is loaded in isostatic pressing mold, in 280MPa
Isostatic pressing process is carried out under pressure, and process time is 3.5min, and isostatic pressing mold can be using a diameter of 12cm's
Cylindric isostatic pressing mold, obtains the yellow gold post base of molding；The vacuum that yellow gold post base is positioned over 700 DEG C is burnt
Sinter in freezing of a furnace, hydrogen is filled with as protection, takes out, bar-shaped section bar is obtained after insulation 4.5h；The bar-shaped section bar for obtaining is passed through
After hot extrusion technique process, tabular or wire section bar is obtained；Hot-extrusion mold will be used in hot extrusion technique, in hot extrusion work
Temperature is controlled in skill at 400 DEG C；According to the needs of actual industrial production, using rolling or drawing process by obtained shape extrusion
To regulatory specifications, that is, obtain silver copper oxide electrical contact material.
Embodiment 5
CuO powder and zirconium oxide balls are weighed respectively, and CuO powder is 1 with the mass ratio of zirconium oxide balls：25；To first claim
During the CuO powder for taking adds ball grinder together with zirconium oxide balls, then dehydrated alcohol, every gram of CuO powder is added to ball grinder
3.8ml dehydrated alcohol is added, ball grinder is opened, after ball milling 2h, is obtained nanometer CuO powder；The nanometer CuO that will be obtained after ball milling
Powder is positioned over air drying, that is, obtain nanoscale CuO powder body；
It is 40 in mass ratio：5：0.1 weighs argentum powder, copper powder and nanoscale CuO powder body respectively；The wherein mean diameter of argentum powder
For 75 microns；By the argentum powder for weighing, copper powder, nanoscale CuO powder body mix homogeneously, mixed powder A is formed；Zirconium oxide is weighed respectively
The ratio of grinding media to material of abrading-ball and mixed powder A, mixed powder A and zirconium oxide balls is 1：16；First by zirconium oxide balls for weighing and mixed
Closing powder body A to be added in high energy ball mill together, then dehydrated alcohol being added in high energy ball mill, every gram of mixed powder A will
3.8ml dehydrated alcohol is added, high energy ball mill is opened, ball-milling treatment is carried out to the mixed powder A in high energy ball mill, machine is realized
Tool alloying, ball-milling treatment time are 6h, and in mechanical milling process, less nano oxide powder is embedded into larger particles shape gold
In category, the mixed powder B being uniformly mixed；
Mixed powder B is placed in 450 DEG C of vacuum sintering furnaces and is made annealing treatment, fill nitrogen in annealing process
Protect, take out after insulation 1.5h, obtain mixed powder C；Mixed powder C is loaded in isostatic pressing mold, in 300MPa
Isostatic pressing process is carried out under pressure, and process time is 5min, and isostatic pressing mold can be using the circle of a diameter of 10cm
Column isostatic pressing mold, obtains the yellow gold post base of molding；Yellow gold post base is positioned over into 600 DEG C of vacuum-sintering
Sinter in stove, hydrogen is filled with as protection, takes out, bar-shaped section bar is obtained after insulation 5h；By the bar-shaped section bar for obtaining through hot extrusion
After pressure PROCESS FOR TREATMENT, tabular or wire section bar is obtained；Hot-extrusion mold will be used in hot extrusion technique, in hot extrusion technique
Control temperature is at 450 DEG C；According to actual industrial production needs, using rolling or drawing process by obtained shape extrusion to advise
Set pattern lattice, that is, obtain silver copper oxide electrical contact material.
The effect of each raw material in a kind of preparation method of silver copper oxide electrical contact material of the present invention：
Nanometer oxide powder：Tiny through the oxide powder granule of high-energy ball milling, pattern is changed into from irregular shape
It is subsphaeroidal, uniformly dispersion-strengtherning mechanism can be formed in matrix by Dispersed precipitate, improve the hardness of electrical contact material, touch electricity
Head mechanical wear resistance in use can improve a lot with electric life, while improving the electrical contact of electrical contact material
Can, reduce local temperature rise.
Copper powder：As copper has good electric conductivity and plasticity, performance is similar to silver, substitutes silver-based contact material with metallic copper
Part silver in material, reduces the use content of silver, saves preparation cost, while maintaining higher electrical conductivity, improve tactile
The processability of head material.
Argentum powder：The electrical and thermal conductivity performance of silver is excellent, and matter is soft, and ductility is good, not oxidizable under high temperature, is difficult by chemical drugs
Product corrosion, the electric conductivity that based on silver contact material can be kept good and stability in use.
A kind of preparation method of silver copper oxide electrical contact material of the present invention, replaces the expensive gold in part using cheap metallic copper
Category silver, while adding oxide to prepare electrical contact material, not only preparation cost is low, and the electrical contact material prepared is conductive
The good long service life of performance.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of preparation method of silver copper oxide electrical contact material, it is characterised in that specifically implement according to following steps：
Step 1, oxide powder and abrading-ball is weighed respectively, the oxide powder for weighing is processed using high-energy ball milling method,
Nanometer oxide powder is obtained, is specifically implemented according to following steps：
Step 1.1, oxide powder and abrading-ball is weighed respectively, oxide powder is 1 with the mass ratio of abrading-ball：(5～30)；
The oxide powder adopts SnO2Powder, ZnO powder, SiO2Powder, CdO powder, La2O3Powder or CuO powder；
Step 1.2, first the oxide powder weighed in step 1.1 is added in ball grinder together with abrading-ball, then to ball grinder
Add dehydrated alcohol, every gram of oxide powder add 2.8ml～3.8ml dehydrated alcohol, open ball grinder and start ball-milling treatment,
The ball-milling treatment time is 1h～4h；
The abrading-ball is rustless steel abrading-ball, bearing steel abrading-ball or zirconium oxide balls；
The cumulative volume of the oxide powder, abrading-ball and dehydrated alcohol accounts for the 30%～50% of ball milling tank volume；
Step 1.3, the material obtained Jing after step 1.2 ball milling is positioned over into air drying, that is, obtains nano-scale oxide powder
Body；
Step 2, by argentum powder, copper powder and obtained in Jing steps 1 nanometer oxide powder mixing, formed mixed powder A, to mixing
Powder body A carries out mechanical alloying surface treatment, obtains mixed powder B, specifically implements according to following steps：
Step 2.1, in mass ratio be (40～90)：(5～40)：(0.1～20) weighs argentum powder, copper powder and Jing steps 1 respectively and makes
The nanometer oxide powder for obtaining；
The mean diameter of the argentum powder is 45 microns～80 microns；
Step 2.2, by the argentum powder weighed in step 2.1, copper powder, nanometer oxide powder mix homogeneously, form mixed powder
A；
Step 2.3, the mixed powder A obtained to step 2.2 carry out mechanical alloying surface treatment, the mixing being uniformly mixed
Powder body B, specifically implements according to following steps：
Step 2.3.1, the mass ratio for weighing the mixed powder A that abrading-ball and Jing steps 2.2 are obtained, mixed powder A and abrading-ball respectively
For 1：(10～20)；
Step 2.3.2, first the abrading-ball weighed in step 2.3.1 and mixed powder A are added in high energy ball mill together, then
To in high energy ball mill, add dehydrated alcohol, every gram of mixed powder A add 2.8ml～3.8ml dehydrated alcohol, open high energy ball
Grinding machine, carries out ball-milling treatment to the mixed powder A in high energy ball mill, realizes mechanical alloying, the ball-milling treatment time be 1h～
8h, in mechanical milling process, less nano oxide powder is embedded in larger particles shape metal, obtains mixed powder B；
Step 3, the mixed powder B obtained to Jing steps 2 carry out annealing successively, molding, sintering and extrusion process, prepare silver-bearing copper
Oxide electrical contact material.
2. a kind of preparation method of silver copper oxide electrical contact material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step
Abrading-ball in rapid 2.3 is rustless steel abrading-ball, bearing steel abrading-ball or zirconium oxide balls.
3. a kind of preparation method of silver copper oxide electrical contact material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step
Rapid 3 specifically implement according to following steps：
Step 3.1, the mixed powder B for obtaining step 2 are placed in 300 DEG C～450 DEG C vacuum sintering furnaces and are made annealing treatment,
Nitrogen is filled in annealing process or hydrogen is protected, taken out after insulation 1h～3h, obtain mixed powder C；
Step 3.2, the mixed powder C for obtaining step 3.1 load in isostatic pressing mold, in 200MPa～300MPa pressure
Under carry out isostatic pressing process to mixed powder C, process time is 3min～5min, obtains the yellow gold post base of molding；
Isostatic pressing mold can be using the cylindric isostatic pressing mold of a diameter of 8cm～12cm；
Step 3.3, the yellow gold post base for obtaining Jing steps 3.2 are burnt in being positioned over 550 DEG C～750 DEG C of vacuum sintering furnace
Knot, is filled with nitrogen or hydrogen as protection, takes out, bar-shaped section bar is obtained after insulation 3h～8h；
Step 3.4, the bar-shaped section bar for obtaining step 3.3 are obtained tabular or wire section bar after hot extrusion technique process；
Hot-extrusion mold will be used in hot extrusion technique, control temperature at 350 DEG C～500 DEG C in hot extrusion technique；
Step 3.5, according to the needs of actual industrial production, using rolling or drawing process by shape extrusion obtained in step 3.4
To regulatory specifications, that is, obtain silver copper oxide electrical contact material.
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