CN110570977B - High electromagnetic shielding heat-resistant cable - Google Patents

High electromagnetic shielding heat-resistant cable Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110570977B
CN110570977B CN201910941981.2A CN201910941981A CN110570977B CN 110570977 B CN110570977 B CN 110570977B CN 201910941981 A CN201910941981 A CN 201910941981A CN 110570977 B CN110570977 B CN 110570977B
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China
Prior art keywords
layer
resistant
shielding
cable
polyimide
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CN201910941981.2A
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CN110570977A (en
Inventor
吴士杰
王国权
宋志斌
冯成
张波
席娇娜
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Jiangsu Hengtong Wire and Cable Technology Co Ltd
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Jiangsu Hengtong Wire and Cable Technology Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B11/00—Communication cables or conductors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
    • H01B7/2806—Protection against damage caused by corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
    • H01B7/282—Preventing penetration of fluid, e.g. water or humidity, into conductor or cable
    • H01B7/2825—Preventing penetration of fluid, e.g. water or humidity, into conductor or cable using a water impermeable sheath
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
    • H01B7/292—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to heat
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
    • H01B7/295—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to flame
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation

Abstract

The invention discloses a high electromagnetic shielding heat-resistant cable which comprises a cable core, a fire-resistant layer, a shielding layer and a flame-retardant sheath layer; the cable core comprises a plurality of copper conductors, the copper conductors are formed by twisting a plurality of copper wires, the surfaces of the copper conductors are provided with high-temperature-resistant protective layers, and the high-temperature-resistant protective layers comprise polyimide coatings which are coated on the surfaces of the copper conductors and have the thickness of 10-30 mu m and PFDCHQ/polyurethane composite coatings which are coated on the surfaces of the polyimide coatings and have the thickness of 20-50 mu m; the fire-resistant layer is a glass fiber tape, a double-sided synthetic mica tape or a polyimide composite tape wrapped outside the cable core; the shielding layer comprises a shielding inner layer and a shielding outer layer, the shielding inner layer is a PVDF/nickel powder composite coating, and the shielding outer layer is a metal braid layer. The high electromagnetic shielding heat-resistant cable disclosed by the invention can not be influenced and cannot become a flame retardant material in a high-temperature environment, particularly in a fire disaster, so that the stable transmission of railway signals is ensured, and meanwhile, the high electromagnetic shielding heat-resistant cable has strong electromagnetic shielding performance.

Description

High electromagnetic shielding heat-resistant cable
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cables, in particular to a high-electromagnetic-shielding heat-resistant cable.
Background
The rail transit communication signal cable is an important means for realizing train command and train operation management, and becomes indispensable key equipment for ensuring train safety and improving transportation efficiency. In the safe operation of rail transit trains, how to ensure the safe and stable transmission of rail transit communication signals is always an important work which is concerned by the industry for a long time, in the application of similar products in the prior industry, some special sections with bad electromagnetic field environments exist, the error code and distortion of communication signal information occur, especially when trains enter or leave the sections, the adverse condition is more serious, and in order to effectively improve the transmission quality of information, a heat-resistant cable with strong electromagnetic interference resistance is developed to eliminate the potential hazards of accidents which possibly exist, the heat-resistant cable becomes an important problem which cannot be avoided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a high-electromagnetic-shielding heat-resistant cable which can not be influenced in a high-temperature environment, particularly in a fire disaster and can not become a flame-retardant material, so that stable railway signal transmission is ensured, and meanwhile, the cable has strong electromagnetic shielding performance.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a high electromagnetic shielding heat-resistant cable which comprises a cable core, a flame retardant coating coated on the outer side of the cable core, a shielding layer coated on the outer side of the flame retardant coating, and a flame-retardant sheath layer coated on the outer side of the shielding layer; the cable core comprises a plurality of copper conductors, the copper conductors are formed by twisting a plurality of copper wires, the surfaces of the copper conductors are provided with high-temperature-resistant protective layers, and each high-temperature-resistant protective layer comprises a polyimide coating which is coated on the surface of each copper conductor and has the thickness of 10-30 mu m and a PFDCHQ/polyurethane composite coating which is coated on the surface of the polyimide coating and has the thickness of 20-50 mu m; the fire-resistant layer is a glass fiber tape, a double-sided synthetic mica tape or a polyimide composite tape wrapped outside the cable core; the shielding layer comprises a shielding inner layer and a shielding outer layer, the shielding inner layer is a PVDF/nickel powder composite coating, and the shielding outer layer is a metal braid layer; the flame-retardant sheath layer is a low-smoke halogen-free sheath.
PFDCHQ, which is fully called poly 10- (2, 5-dihydroxyphenyl) -9, 10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide-1, 1' -ferrocene dimethyl ester, is a polyester type flame retardant synthesized by ferrocene and derivatives of-9, 10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxygen (DOPO), and the structure of the polyester type flame retardant contains DOPO base and ferrocenyl difunctional groups. Wherein, DOPO group not only can play a role of condensed phase flame retardance by forming a compact carbon layer on the surface of the polymer, but also can release PO and PO during degradation2Isoradicals act in the gas phase. Ferrocene has excellent propertiesEliminating smoke and promoting carbon formation. At the initial stage of material combustion, the cyclopentadiene and iron are decomposed, and the cyclopentadiene is further decomposed into small organic molecules or char.
According to the invention, two high-temperature-resistant protective layers are arranged on the surface of the cable core, wherein the polyimide coating on the surface of the copper conductor has excellent high-temperature resistance and plays a good role in protecting the copper conductor, and the polyimide coating can be used for a long time in an air atmosphere of 300 ℃. In addition, the PFDCHQ/polyurethane composite coating coated on the outer side of the polyimide coating is a novel flame-retardant and fire-resistant material, wherein polyurethane is a material with excellent fire resistance, has low heat conductivity coefficient, can generate carbon during combustion, is beneficial to isolating oxygen and preventing fire from spreading; and PFDCHQ contains ferrocenyl and DOPO base in the molecule, so that the PFDCHQ can be catalyzed into carbon and can simultaneously play a flame retardant role from a condensed phase and a gas phase. The coating formed by compounding PFDCHQ/polyurethane has excellent flame retardant and fire resistance, and plays a good role in protecting the internal copper conductor.
In addition, the fire-resistant layer is arranged outside the cable core, wherein the fire-resistant layer is a glass fiber tape, a double-sided synthetic mica tape or a polyimide composite tape, which are excellent inorganic or organic fire-resistant materials, and can isolate the cable core from the outer layer, thereby playing the roles of isolating flame and preventing the fire from spreading into the cable core.
Further, the PFDCHQ/polyurethane composite coating comprises 2-8 wt% of PFDCHQ and 92-98 wt% of polyurethane. More preferably, the PFDCHQ/polyurethane composite coating comprises 5 wt% PFDCHQ and 95 wt% polyurethane.
Further, the thickness of the fire-resistant layer is 100-200 μm.
Further, the double-sided synthetic mica tape comprises a mica paper base material and polyimide films attached to two sides of the mica paper base material, wherein the thickness of each polyimide film is 20-50 mu m.
Furthermore, the polyimide composite belt is a ceramic polyimide belt, and the ceramic polyimide belt not only plays a role in fire resistance and flame retardance, but also is beneficial to improving the strength of the cable.
Furthermore, a water resisting layer is arranged between the cable core and the fire-resistant layer.
Further, the preparation method of the PVDF/nickel powder composite coating comprises the following steps: adding nickel powder and a coupling agent into a solvent, and performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a uniform first solution; then, dissolving PVDF in a solvent to obtain a second solution, mixing the second solution with the first solution, and uniformly stirring; finally, extruding the mixture at 120-150 ℃ to form a coating. As the solvent, a commonly used organic solvent such as NMP, DMAc, DMF or the like can be used.
Furthermore, in the PVDF/nickel powder composite coating, the addition amount of nickel powder is 2-6 wt%.
Further, the metal braided layer is formed by mixing and weaving copper wires and refractory ceramic fibers, and the weaving density is greater than 90%. Preferably, the surface of the copper wire is provided with a plating layer to improve the corrosion resistance or electromagnetic shielding performance. The plating is preferably metallic tin or nickel.
Furthermore, the thickness of the PVDF/nickel powder composite coating is 100-200 mu m, and the thickness of the metal woven layer is 20-100 mu m.
According to the invention, the PVDF/nickel powder composite coating is adopted as the first shielding layer, the PVDF has good chemical corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, weather resistance and dielectric property, the coating formed after the nickel powder is compounded has excellent electromagnetic shielding performance, and compared with the existing sputtering metal film (the thickness is only a few micrometers), the preparation method is simpler, the cost is low, the thickness is controllable, and the electromagnetic shielding performance is better. The metal braid that forms is woven with the mixture of refractory ceramic fibre to the copper wire that adopts is as the second shielding layer, and this shielding layer has synthesized the characteristics that the copper wire is with low costs, shielding property is good and refractory ceramic fibre's strong fire behavior, has given better fire prevention and shielding property of cable.
Further, an isolation layer is arranged between the shielding layer and the flame-retardant sheath layer and used for isolating a fire source; preferably, the isolating layer is an expandable graphite tape which can be instantly and rapidly decomposed at high temperature to generate a large amount of gas and rapidly expand to suffocate flame, and simultaneously, the generated graphite bulked material covers the surface of the substrate and isolates the contact of heat energy radiation and oxygen.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the high-electromagnetic-shielding-performance heat-resistant cable, the two high-temperature-resistant protective layers are arranged on the surface of the cable core, so that the flame retardant effect can be exerted from a condensed phase and a gas phase at the same time, and the cable has excellent high-temperature-resistant performance; meanwhile, the fire-resistant layer and the fire-resistant sheath layer are arranged on the outer side of the cable core, so that the fire-resistant and fire-retardant performance of the cable is further improved, the cable is not influenced in fire and cannot become a fire-retardant material, and the stable transmission of railway signals is guaranteed.
2. According to the high-electromagnetic-shielding-property heat-resistant cable, the two shielding layers are arranged between the fire-resistant layer and the flame-retardant sheath layer, wherein the inner layer is the PVDF/nickel powder composite coating, the preparation method is simple, the cable has chemical corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, weather resistance and dielectric property, and the electromagnetic shielding property is superior to that of a sputtered metal film; and the outer metal braid layer that is can further strengthen the electromagnetic shielding performance of cable for the cable can normal communication and signal stability in some special sections that the electromagnetic field environment is abominable, avoids the emergence of accident.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a sectional structural view of a high electromagnetic shielding heat-resistant cable of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a sectional structural view of a high electromagnetic shielding heat-resistant cable of embodiment 2 of the present invention;
wherein: 1. a copper conductor; 2. a polyimide coating; 3. PFDCHQ/polyurethane composite coatings; 4. a refractory layer; 5. a shielding inner layer; 6. a shielding outer layer; 7. an outer sheath; 8. a water resistant layer; 9. an isolation layer.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the following figures and specific examples so that those skilled in the art may better understand the present invention and practice it, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment discloses a high electromagnetic shielding heat-resistant cable, which includes a cable core, a fire-resistant layer coated outside the cable core, a shielding layer coated outside the fire-resistant layer, and a flame-retardant sheath layer coated outside the shielding layer. The cable core comprises 1 copper conductor, the copper conductor is formed by twisting a plurality of copper wires, the surface of the copper conductor is provided with a high-temperature-resistant protective layer, and the high-temperature-resistant protective layer comprises a polyimide coating which is coated on the surface of the copper conductor and has the thickness of 10-30 mu m and a PFDCHQ/polyurethane composite coating which is coated on the surface of the polyimide coating and has the thickness of 20-50 mu m; wherein the PFDCHQ/polyurethane composite coating comprises 5 wt% of PFDCHQ and 95 wt% of polyurethane.
The flame retardant coating is a ceramic polyimide composite belt wrapped on the outer side of the cable core, and the thickness of the flame retardant coating is 100-200 microns. The shielding layer comprises a shielding inner layer and a shielding outer layer, the shielding inner layer is a PVDF/nickel powder composite coating, the thickness of the PVDF/nickel powder composite coating is 100-200 mu m, and the addition amount of the nickel powder in the composite coating is 4 wt%. The shielding outer layer is a metal braided layer, the thickness of the metal braided layer is 20-100 mu m, the metal braided layer is formed by mixing and braiding 50% of fine copper wires and 50% of refractory ceramic fibers, and the braiding density is larger than 90%. The sheath layer is a low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 2, the embodiment discloses a high electromagnetic shielding heat-resistant cable, which includes a cable core, and a water-blocking layer, a fire-resistant layer, a shielding layer and a flame-retardant sheath layer sequentially coated on the outer side of the cable core. The cable core comprises 3 copper conductors, the copper conductors are formed by stranding a plurality of copper wires, the surfaces of the copper conductors are provided with high-temperature-resistant protective layers, and the high-temperature-resistant protective layers comprise polyimide coatings which are coated on the surfaces of the copper conductors and have the thickness of 10-30 mu m and PFDCHQ/polyurethane composite coatings which are coated on the surfaces of the polyimide coatings and have the thickness of 20-50 mu m; wherein the PFDCHQ/polyurethane composite coating comprises 5 wt% of PFDCHQ and 95 wt% of polyurethane.
The water-blocking layer is a water-blocking tape wrapped on the outer side of the cable core; the flame retardant coating is a glass fiber tape wrapped on the outer side of the cable core, and the thickness of the flame retardant coating is 100-200 mu m. The shielding layer comprises a shielding inner layer and a shielding outer layer, the shielding inner layer is a PVDF/nickel powder composite coating, the thickness of the PVDF/nickel powder composite coating is 100-200 mu m, and the addition amount of the nickel powder in the composite coating is 6 wt%. The shielding outer layer is a metal braided layer, the thickness of the metal braided layer is 20-100 mu m, the metal braided layer is formed by mixing and braiding 50% of nickel-plated thin copper wires and 50% of refractory ceramic fibers, and the braiding density is larger than 90%. The sheath layer is a low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The equivalent substitution or change made by the technical personnel in the technical field on the basis of the invention is all within the protection scope of the invention. The protection scope of the invention is subject to the claims.

Claims (6)

1. A high electromagnetic shielding heat-resistant cable is characterized by comprising a cable core, a flame retardant coating coated on the outer side of the cable core, a shielding layer coated on the outer side of the flame retardant coating, and a flame-retardant sheath layer coated on the outer side of the shielding layer; the cable core comprises a plurality of copper conductors, the copper conductors are formed by twisting a plurality of copper wires, the surfaces of the copper conductors are provided with high-temperature-resistant protective layers, and each high-temperature-resistant protective layer comprises a polyimide coating which is coated on the surface of each copper conductor and has the thickness of 10-30 mu m and a PFDCHQ/polyurethane composite coating which is coated on the surface of the polyimide coating and has the thickness of 20-50 mu m; the fire-resistant layer is a glass fiber tape, a double-sided synthetic mica tape or a polyimide composite tape wrapped outside the cable core; the shielding layer comprises a shielding inner layer and a shielding outer layer, the shielding inner layer is a PVDF/nickel powder composite coating, and the shielding outer layer is a metal braid layer; the flame-retardant sheath layer is a low-smoke halogen-free sheath;
the PFDCHQ/polyurethane composite coating comprises 2-8 wt% of PFDCHQ and 92-98 wt% of polyurethane;
the thickness of the PVDF/nickel powder composite coating is 100-200 mu m, and the addition amount of the nickel powder in the PVDF/nickel powder composite coating is 2-6 wt%;
the metal braided layer is formed by mixing and weaving copper wires and refractory ceramic fibers, the weaving density is greater than 90%, and the thickness is 20-100 microns.
2. The high electromagnetic shielding heat-resistant cable according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the flame-resistant layer is 100 to 200 μm.
3. The high electromagnetic shielding heat-resistant cable according to claim 1, wherein the double-sided synthetic mica tape comprises a mica paper substrate and polyimide films attached to two sides of the mica paper substrate, and the thickness of the polyimide films is 20-50 μm.
4. The high electromagnetic shielding heat-resistant cable of claim 1, wherein the polyimide composite tape is a ceramized polyimide tape.
5. The high electromagnetic shielding heat-resistant cable of claim 1, wherein a water-resistant layer is further disposed between the cable core and the fire-resistant layer.
6. The high electromagnetic shielding heat-resistant cable of claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the PVDF/nickel powder composite coating comprises: adding nickel powder and a coupling agent into a solvent, and performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a uniform first solution; then, dissolving PVDF in a solvent to obtain a second solution, mixing the second solution with the first solution, and uniformly stirring; finally, extruding the mixture at 120-150 ℃ to form a coating.
CN201910941981.2A 2019-09-30 2019-09-30 High electromagnetic shielding heat-resistant cable Active CN110570977B (en)

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CN110570977B true CN110570977B (en) 2021-08-10

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Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100508715C (en) * 2006-05-23 2009-07-01 清华大学 Novel electromagnetic shielding composite material and preparation method thereof
AU2015416536B2 (en) * 2015-12-09 2021-04-08 Prysmian S.P.A. Fire resistant electric cable
CN206685177U (en) * 2017-03-30 2017-11-28 天津金山电线电缆股份有限公司 A kind of high temperature resistant fire resisting flexible pavement vehicle high-tension cable
CN108299633B (en) * 2018-02-05 2020-07-07 西南科技大学 ferrocene-DOPO double-base polyester type flame-retardant smoke suppressant and preparation method thereof and application of ferrocene-DOPO double-base polyester type flame-retardant smoke suppressant in flame-retardant polymer
CN208873525U (en) * 2018-11-08 2019-05-17 锐洋集团东北电缆有限公司 A kind of cable

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