CN110564972B - Treatment method and treatment system for copper removal scum of lead electrolysis anode - Google Patents
Treatment method and treatment system for copper removal scum of lead electrolysis anode Download PDFInfo
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- CN110564972B CN110564972B CN201910713344.XA CN201910713344A CN110564972B CN 110564972 B CN110564972 B CN 110564972B CN 201910713344 A CN201910713344 A CN 201910713344A CN 110564972 B CN110564972 B CN 110564972B
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- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 79
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003500 flue dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WIKSRXFQIZQFEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[Pb] Chemical compound [Cu].[Pb] WIKSRXFQIZQFEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony trioxide Inorganic materials O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052960 marcasite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001698 pyrogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- YEAUATLBSVJFOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraantimony hexaoxide Chemical compound O1[Sb](O2)O[Sb]3O[Sb]1O[Sb]2O3 YEAUATLBSVJFOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B13/00—Obtaining lead
- C22B13/02—Obtaining lead by dry processes
- C22B13/025—Recovery from waste materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
- C22B15/0028—Smelting or converting
- C22B15/0052—Reduction smelting or converting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
- C22B15/0054—Slag, slime, speiss, or dross treating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B30/00—Obtaining antimony, arsenic or bismuth
- C22B30/02—Obtaining antimony
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
- C22B7/002—Dry processes by treating with halogens, sulfur or compounds thereof; by carburising, by treating with hydrogen (hydriding)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/04—Working-up slag
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a processing method and a processing system for copper dross removal of a lead electrolysis anode, comprising the following processing steps: fully and uniformly mixing 45-55 kg of copper dross, 3-5 kg of pyrite, 6-9 kg of scrap iron, 0.5-2 kg of limestone, 1-3 kg of silica and 15-30 kg of returned slag to obtain a mixture; firstly, a reducing agent is put into a vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace, then the mixture is put into the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace, and oxygen-enriched air is blown into the furnace. The invention provides a treatment method and a treatment system for copper dross removal of a lead electrolysis anode, which have the characteristics of flexible operation, strong production continuity, environmental protection, energy saving, large treatment capacity, high recovery rate of crude lead and some metals and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hazardous waste treatment, in particular to a treatment method and a treatment system for copper removal scum of a lead electrolysis anode.
Background
At present, electrolytic lead is widely used in the fields at home and abroad, in particular in the industry of lead-acid storage batteries. Enterprises producing electrolytic lead are quite plentiful in China. In the electrolytic refining process of crude lead, copper content of an anode plate is required to be less than 0.1%, and electrolysis can be normally performed, so that a large amount of valuable metals such as gold, silver, copper, bismuth, tin and the like are contained in scum generated by anode decoppering, and the main components of the copper-containing slag comprise 5% -10% of copper and 60% -70% of lead, and if the copper-containing slag cannot be effectively recovered, waste and pollution can be caused. At present, copper dross in each smelting enterprise is usually smelted by adopting a pyrometallurgical equipment reverberatory furnace and a converter. Copper dross, sodium carbonate and scrap iron are mixed and then put into a high-temperature furnace, reduction and slag-making reactions occur in the furnace, and crude lead, sodium matte and slag are finally produced. The two pyrogenic processes have the defects of low lead yield, low copper matte copper content, high lead content, poor production site environment, high energy consumption, low heat efficiency, large heat loss, intermittent production in one furnace and one furnace, incapability of continuous operation and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to address at least the above problems and/or disadvantages and to provide at least the advantages described below.
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a processing method and a processing system for copper removal scum of a lead electrolysis anode, wherein the processing method comprises the following steps:
1) Uniformly mixing 45-55 parts by weight of copper dross, 3-5 parts by weight of pyrite, 6-9 parts by weight of scrap iron, 0.5-2 parts by weight of limestone, 1-3 parts by weight of silica and 15-30 parts by weight of return slag to obtain a mixture;
2) Firstly, a reducing agent is put into a furnace, then the mixture obtained in the step 1) is put into the furnace, and oxygen-enriched air is blown into the furnace.
Specifically, the returned slag in the step 1) is slag generated in the furnace.
Further, in the step 1), the copper dross is copper dross having a lead content of 60 to 70wt% and a copper content of 4 to 8 wt%.
Further, in step 1), the sulfur content of the pyrite is 20 to 40wt%.
Further, in the step 2), the furnace adopts a vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace, and the height of a material column in the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace is controlled to be 2.5-3.2 m; and (3) adding the mixture and the reducing agent in the step (1) into the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace every 10-15 min.
Specifically, the low material column in the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace can cause high smoke dust rate, and the slag contains copper and lead; the material column is too high in treatment capacity, low in production cost and beneficial to reducing the smoke dust rate and controlling the production cost, and the height of the material column in the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace is controlled to be 2.5-3.2 m.
Further, the reducing agent is coke, and the coke input amount is 7.56 to 8.4 parts by weight.
Further, the oxygen content of the oxygen-enriched air in the furnace is controlled to be 20-30%, the wind pressure is controlled to be 5-15 KPa, and the reaction temperature is controlled to be 1250-1350 ℃.
Specifically, the oxygen-enriched air is added to play a role in supporting combustion, so that a violent reaction occurs in the furnace, the oxygen content of the oxygen-enriched air in the furnace is controlled to be 20-30%, and the smelting speed is improved, and the production efficiency is improved.
Further, in the step 2), the smoke dust in the furnace is collected and reused through a surface cooler and a pulse dust collector, and the temperature of the smoke dust in the furnace is reduced to 130-160 ℃ through the surface cooler.
The processing system for removing copper scum from the lead electrolysis anode is characterized by comprising a vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace, a surface cooler, a pulse dust remover and a cloth bag dust collection fan:
a furnace top smoke hood is arranged at a feeding port at the top of the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace, an air inlet of the surface cooler is communicated with a smoke outlet of the furnace top smoke hood through a first smoke pipe, an air outlet of the surface cooler is communicated with an air inlet of the pulse dust collector through a second smoke pipe, and an air outlet of the pulse dust collector is connected with an inlet of the bag dust collection fan through a third smoke pipe;
a first dust hopper is arranged in the middle of the first smoke tube; the bottom of the surface cooler is provided with a plurality of second dust hoppers, and the bottom of the pulse dust collector is provided with a third dust hopper.
Further, a vibrator is mounted on the side wall of the third dust hopper.
Further, the first smoke tube is of a V-shaped structure, and the first dust hopper is arranged at the lowest position of the center of the first smoke tube and is communicated with the interior of the first smoke tube.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
1. The invention processes the copper dross removed by the lead electrolysis anode through the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace, the production of the oxygen-enriched reduction furnace is flexible, oxygen-enriched air is directly blown in, the reduction smelting is carried out under the oxygen-enriched condition, the energy consumption can be reduced, the productivity is improved, the next batch of mixed materials prepared according to the proportion is put into each batch of mixed materials at intervals after each batch of mixed materials is put into the furnace, the production continuity is strong, the furnace shutdown time is short, the environment is protected, the energy is saved, the treatment capacity is large, and the recovery rate of crude lead and some metals is high; the copper matte obtained by the treatment method has good quality, the comprehensive recovery rate of lead reaches 98%, the copper content of slag is less than 0.4%, and the lead content is less than 2%;
2. The coke added in the invention is used as a reducing agent and also used as fuel to burn to provide heat, the coke is used as the reducing agent, copper in copper dross reacts with sulfur in pyrite to cause copper matte, lead and a small amount of antimony are reduced into crude lead, scrap iron, silica and limestone are used as slagging reactions to form diversified slag, and the main chemical reactions are as follows:
C+O2＝CO2
C+CO2＝CO
PbO+CO＝Pb+CO2
PbO+Fe＝Pb+FeO
Sb2O3+3CO＝2Sb+3CO2
2Cu+FeS2＝Cu2S.FeS
3. Scrap iron, silica and limestone are added into the mixture to be used as slag forming reaction, so that formed slag is easy to separate from lead and matte, and the mixture is low in copper and lead content, high in stability and good in fluidity; the slag returning added into the mixture is slag produced by the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace, has a certain block degree and is stable, and the addition of the slag returning can ensure good air permeability in the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace, thereby being beneficial to enhancing the treatment efficiency; the coke is used as fuel, the combustion strength is high, the temperature is continuous and stable, the reducing atmosphere after combustion is good, and the consumption is low;
4. the flue gas discharged from the oxygen-enriched reduction furnace can achieve the dust removal effect through the surface cooler and the pulse dust remover, so that the environment is protected, the collected flue dust can be recycled, and the flue dust can be treated again as copper scum raw material after being agglomerated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a lead electrolysis anode decoppering dross treatment system according to the invention.
Reference numerals: 1-vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace, 2-surface cooler, 21-second dust hopper, 3-pulse dust collector, 31-third dust hopper, 4-cloth bag dust collection fan, 5-furnace top fume hood, 6-first fume pipe, 61-first dust hopper, 7-second fume pipe, 8-vibrator, 9-third fume pipe.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention by referring to the description.
It will be understood that terms, such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
Example 1
A processing method of copper dross removal of a lead electrolysis anode comprises the following processing steps:
1) Uniformly mixing 45kg of copper dross, 3kg of pyrite, 6kg of scrap iron, 0.5kg of limestone, 1kg of silica and 15kg of return slag to obtain a mixture;
2) Firstly, 7.56kg of coke is put into a vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace 1, and then the mixture is put into the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace 1, and the height of a material column in the furnace is controlled to be 2.5m; blowing oxygen-enriched air into the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace 1, controlling the oxygen content of the oxygen-enriched air in the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace 1 to be 20%, controlling the wind pressure to be 5KPa and controlling the reaction temperature to be 1250 ℃. Copper in copper dross reacts with sulfur in pyrite to cause copper matte, lead and a small amount of antimony to be reduced into crude lead, scrap iron, silica and limestone are used as slag forming reaction to form diversified slag, and the slag, the copper matte and the crude lead are layered at the bottom of a hearth of the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace 1 according to different specific gravities; the separated and layered crude lead in the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace 1 is continuously discharged from a lead port through pressure, and slag and matte are discharged from a slag port and a matte port respectively; the smoke dust in the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace 1 is collected and reused through the surface cooler 2 and the pulse dust collector 3. And (3) adding the mixture and the coke in the step 1) of a new batch every 10min, so as to realize continuous production.
Further, the copper dross is copper dross with lead content of 60wt% and copper content of 4 wt%; the sulfur content of the pyrite is 20wt%; the flue gas in the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace 1 passes through a surface cooler 2 to 130 ℃.
Fig. 1 shows a treatment system for copper dross removal of a lead electrolysis anode, which comprises a vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace 1, a surface cooler 2, a pulse dust collector 3 and a cloth bag dust collection fan 4:
A furnace top smoke hood 5 is arranged at a feeding port at the top of the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace 1, an air inlet of the surface cooler 2 is communicated with a smoke outlet of the furnace top smoke hood 5 through a first smoke pipe 6, an air outlet of the surface cooler 2 is communicated with an air inlet of the pulse dust collector 3 through a second smoke pipe 7, and an air outlet of the pulse dust collector 3 is connected with an inlet of the cloth bag dust collection fan 4 through a third smoke pipe 9;
The bottom of the center of the first smoke tube 6 adopting the V-shaped structure is provided with a first dust hopper 61; the bottom of the surface cooler 2 is provided with a plurality of second dust hoppers 21, the bottom of the pulse dust collector 3 is provided with a third dust hopper 31, and the side wall of the third dust hopper 31 is provided with a ZDQ electromagnetic bin wall vibrator 8.
Specifically, the air inlet and the air outlet of the surface cooler 2 are respectively arranged on two sides of the surface cooler 2, the air inlet and the air outlet are on the same horizontal line, the first smoke tube 6, the surface cooler 2 and the pulse dust collector 3 are matched together to remove dust from smoke, the dust removal effect is guaranteed, the purpose of environmental protection is achieved, the collected smoke dust can be recycled, and the collected smoke dust can be used as copper dross raw materials for reprocessing.
The high-temperature flue gas generated in the oxygen-enriched reduction furnace 1 enters the first flue pipe 6 after being collected by the furnace top fume hood 5, and firstly, the dust particles settled out by gravity are collected and discharged through the first dust hopper 61, so that the treatment pressure of the subsequent surface cooler 2 and the pulse dust collector 3 is reduced, the first flue pipe 6 is arranged in a V shape, the dust particles can smoothly slide into the first dust hopper 61 along the first flue pipe 6, the first flue pipe 6 can primarily cool the flue gas, and the cooling treatment pressure of the surface cooler 2 can be reduced; the flue gas subjected to preliminary cooling and dust removal enters a surface cooler 2, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to about 150 ℃ by the surface cooler 2, and the settled dust particles are collected and discharged through a plurality of second dust hoppers 21; the cooled flue gas enters the pulse dust collector 3 to carry out final dust removal, and the flue gas after dust removal is collected intensively by the cloth bag dust collection fan 4 and then is processed in the next step. The dust discharged from the first dust hopper 61, the second dust hopper 21, and the third dust hopper 31 is collected and reused.
Example 2
A processing method of copper dross removal of a lead electrolysis anode comprises the following processing steps:
1) Uniformly mixing 48kg of copper dross, 4kg of pyrite, 7kg of scrap iron, 0.8kg of limestone, 1.5kg of silica and 17kg of returned slag to obtain a mixture;
2) Firstly, 7.7kg of coke is put into a vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace 1, and then the mixture is put into the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace 1, and the height of a material column in the furnace is controlled to be 2.8m; blowing oxygen-enriched air into the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace 1, controlling the oxygen content of the oxygen-enriched air in the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace 1 to be 22%, controlling the wind pressure to be 7KPa, controlling the reaction temperature to be 1290 ℃, enabling copper in copper dross to react with sulfur in pyrite to cause copper matte, reducing lead and a small amount of antimony into lead bullion, taking scrap iron, silica and limestone as slagging reactions to form diversified slag, and layering the slag, the copper matte and the lead bullion at the bottom of a hearth of the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace 1 according to different specific gravities; the separated and layered crude lead in the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace 1 is continuously discharged from a lead port through pressure, and slag and matte are discharged from a slag port and a matte port respectively; the smoke dust in the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace 1 is collected and reused through the surface cooler 2 and the pulse dust collector 3. And (3) adding the mixture and the coke in the step 1) of a new batch every 12min, so as to realize continuous production.
Further, the copper dross is 62wt% of copper dross containing 62wt% of lead and 5wt% of copper; the sulfur content of the pyrite is 25wt%; in the step 2), the flue gas in the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace 1 passes through a surface cooler 2 to 140 ℃.
A treatment system for removing copper dross from a lead electrolysis anode was the treatment system used in example 1.
Example 3
A processing method of copper dross removal of a lead electrolysis anode comprises the following processing steps:
1) Fully and uniformly mixing 50kg of copper dross, 3kg of pyrite, 8kg of scrap iron, 1kg of limestone, 2kg of silica and 20kg of returned slag to obtain a mixture;
2) Firstly, putting 8kg of coke into a vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace 1, and then putting the mixture into the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace 1, wherein the height of a material column in the furnace is controlled to be 3m; blowing oxygen-enriched air into the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace 1, controlling the oxygen content of the oxygen-enriched air in the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace 1 to be 25%, controlling the wind pressure to be 10KPa, enabling copper in copper dross to react with sulfur in pyrite to cause copper matte, reducing lead and a small amount of antimony to lead bullion, taking scrap iron, silica and limestone as slagging reactions to form diversified slag, and layering the slag, the copper matte and the lead bullion at the bottom of a hearth of the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace 1 according to different specific gravities; the separated and layered crude lead in the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace 1 is continuously discharged from a lead port through pressure, and slag and matte are discharged from a slag port and a matte port respectively; the smoke dust in the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace 1 is collected and reused through the surface cooler 2 and the pulse dust collector 3. And adding the mixture and the coke in the step 1) of a new batch every 13min, so as to realize continuous production.
Further, the copper dross is 65wt% of copper dross containing 65wt% of lead and 6wt% of copper; the sulfur content of the pyrite is 30wt%; in the step 5), the flue gas in the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace 1 passes through a surface cooler 2 to 150 ℃.
A treatment system for removing copper dross from a lead electrolysis anode was the treatment system used in example 1.
Example 4
A processing method of copper dross removal of a lead electrolysis anode comprises the following processing steps:
1) Fully and uniformly mixing 53kg of copper dross, 4.5kg of pyrite, 7kg of scrap iron, 1.5kg of limestone, 2.5kg of silica and 26kg of returned slag to obtain a mixture;
2) Firstly, putting 8.3kg of coke into a vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace 1, and then putting the mixture into the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace 1, wherein the height of a material column in the furnace is controlled to be 3.1m; blowing oxygen-enriched air into the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace 1, controlling the oxygen content of the oxygen-enriched air in the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace 1 to be 28%, controlling the wind pressure to be 12KPa, enabling copper in copper dross to react with sulfur in pyrite to cause copper matte, reducing lead and a small amount of antimony to lead bullion, and enabling scrap iron, silica and limestone to be used as slagging reactions to form diversified slag, wherein the slag, the copper matte and the lead bullion are layered at the bottom of a hearth of the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace 1 according to different specific gravities; the separated and layered crude lead in the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace 1 is continuously discharged from a lead port through pressure, and slag and matte are discharged from a slag port and a matte port respectively; the smoke dust in the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace 1 is collected and reused through the surface cooler 2 and the pulse dust collector 3. And (3) adding the mixture and the coke in the step 1) of a new batch every 14min, so as to realize continuous production.
Further, the copper dross is 68wt% of copper dross containing 68wt% of lead and 7wt% of copper; the sulfur content of the pyrite is 36wt%; in step 5), the flue gas in the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace 1 passes through a surface cooler 2 to 155 ℃.
A treatment system for removing copper dross from a lead electrolysis anode was the treatment system used in example 1.
Example 5
A processing method of copper dross removal of a lead electrolysis anode comprises the following processing steps:
1) Fully and uniformly mixing 55kg of copper dross, 5kg of pyrite, 9kg of scrap iron, 2kg of limestone, 3kg of silica and 30kg of returned slag to obtain a mixture;
2) Firstly, putting 8.4kg of coke into a vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace, then putting the mixture into the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace, and controlling the height of a material column in the furnace to be 3.2m; blowing oxygen-enriched air into the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace, controlling the oxygen content of the oxygen-enriched air in the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace to be 30%, controlling the wind pressure to be 15KPa, controlling the reaction temperature to be 1350 ℃, reducing copper in copper dross and sulfur in pyrite to form copper matte, lead and a small amount of antimony into lead bullion, taking scrap iron, silica and limestone as slagging reactions to form diversified slag, and layering the slag, the copper matte and the lead bullion at the bottom of a furnace hearth of the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace according to different specific gravities; the separated and layered crude lead in the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace is continuously discharged from a lead port through pressure, and slag and matte are discharged from a slag port and a matte port respectively; and the smoke dust in the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace is collected and reused through a surface cooler and a pulse dust collector. And (3) adding the mixture and the coke in the step 1) of a new batch every 15min, so as to realize continuous production.
Further, the copper dross is 70wt% of copper dross containing 70wt% of lead and 8wt% of copper; the sulfur content of the pyrite is 40wt%; in the step 5), the flue gas in the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace is cooled to 160 ℃ through a surface cooler.
A treatment system for removing copper dross from a lead electrolysis anode was the treatment system used in example 1.
The matte and lead bullion obtained in examples 1 to 5 were tested, and the results are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1 comparison of the results of the inventive method with other methods
As can be taken from table 1, copper-lead separation was not ideal when the reverberatory furnace and the converter process the lead-copper dross; copper matte is low in copper content and high in lead content; the processing capacity is low. Compared with the existing treatment method, the method is simple and easy to operate, environment-friendly and energy-saving, can realize continuous production, has short furnace shutdown time and strong raw material adaptability, is a novel technology for treating copper scum, and has the advantages of good quality of treated copper matte, high copper matte content, low lead content and high treatment capacity.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed in the foregoing description and illustrated in the drawings, it is not intended to be limited to the details and embodiments shown and described, but rather to be fully applicable to various fields of adaptation to the present invention, and further modifications may be readily made by those skilled in the art without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the equivalents thereof, and it is therefore apparent that the invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein, and that various changes and modifications may be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The treatment method of the copper dross removed by the lead electrolysis anode is characterized by comprising the following treatment steps:
1) Uniformly mixing 45-55 parts by weight of copper dross, 3-5 parts by weight of pyrite, 6-9 parts by weight of scrap iron, 0.5-2 parts by weight of limestone, 1-3 parts by weight of silica and 15-30 parts by weight of returned slag to obtain a mixture;
2) Firstly, putting a reducing agent into a furnace, then putting the mixture obtained in the step 1) into the furnace,
Blowing oxygen-enriched air into the furnace; the furnace adopts a vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace, and the height of a material column in the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace is controlled to be 2.5-3.2 m; adding the mixture and the reducing agent in the step 1) into the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace every 10-15 min; the reducing agent is coke, and the input amount of the coke is 7.56-8.4 parts by weight; the oxygen content of oxygen-enriched air in the furnace is controlled to be 20-30%, the wind pressure is controlled to be 5-15 KPa, and the reaction temperature is controlled to be 1250-1350 ℃; wherein, the returned slag in the step 1) is slag generated in the furnace;
the processing method adopts the following processing system: the treatment system comprises a vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace (1), a surface cooler (2), a pulse dust collector (3) and a cloth bag dust collection fan (4):
A furnace top smoke hood (5) is arranged at a feeding port at the top of the vertical oxygen-enriched reduction furnace (1), an air inlet of the surface cooler (2) is communicated with a smoke outlet of the furnace top smoke hood (5) through a first smoke pipe (6), an air outlet of the surface cooler (2) is communicated with an air inlet of the pulse dust collector (3) through a second smoke pipe (7), and an air outlet of the pulse dust collector (3) is connected with an inlet of the cloth bag dust collection fan (4) through a third smoke pipe (9);
A first dust hopper (61) is arranged in the middle of the first smoke tube (6); the bottom of the surface cooler (2) is provided with a plurality of second dust hoppers (21), and the bottom of the pulse dust collector (3) is provided with a third dust hopper (31).
2. The method for treating copper dross removed from a lead electrolysis anode according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the copper dross is copper dross containing 60-70 wt% of lead and 4-8 wt% of copper.
3. The method for treating copper dross removal at a lead electrolysis anode according to claim 1, wherein in step 1), the sulfur content of the pyrite is 20-40 wt%.
4. The method for treating copper removal scum of a lead electrolysis anode according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), smoke dust in the furnace is collected and reused through a surface cooler and a pulse dust collector, and the smoke dust in the furnace is cooled to 130-160 ℃ through the surface cooler.
5. The method for treating copper dross removal at a lead electrolysis anode according to claim 1, wherein a vibrator (8) is mounted on the side wall of the third dust container (31).
6. The method for treating copper dross removal at the lead electrolysis anode according to claim 1, characterized in that the first smoke tube (6) is of a V-shaped structure, the first dust hopper (61) is arranged at the lowest center of the first smoke tube (6), and the first dust hopper (61) is communicated with the interior of the first smoke tube (6).
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