CN110564664B - Application of sulfated xylan derivative in promoting proliferation of probiotics in vitro - Google Patents

Application of sulfated xylan derivative in promoting proliferation of probiotics in vitro Download PDF

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CN110564664B
CN110564664B CN201910897759.7A CN201910897759A CN110564664B CN 110564664 B CN110564664 B CN 110564664B CN 201910897759 A CN201910897759 A CN 201910897759A CN 110564664 B CN110564664 B CN 110564664B
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李霞
陈海鸥
尚一凡
关媛
李培骏
单杨
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Guilin University of Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses an application of a xylan sulfated derivative in promoting the proliferation of probiotic bacteria outside a cell, which is characterized in that the xylan sulfated derivative is added into a basic culture medium for culturing probiotic bacteria according to the mass percentage of 1.5-2% to promote the proliferation of the probiotic bacteria outside the cell. According to the invention, xylan which is difficult to absorb is sulfated to prepare xylan sulfated derivatives, and the xylan sulfated derivatives are applied to in vitro culture of probiotics.

Description

Application of sulfated xylan derivative in promoting proliferation of probiotics in vitro
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of functional sugar derivation and application, and particularly relates to application of a xylitol sulfated derivative in promoting probiotic extracellular proliferation.
Background
Xylan is the main component of plant hemicellulose and is a complex poly-pentose. It is a polysaccharide second to cellulose in nature, and xylan itself has many unique physiological activities and biological functions, such as: with mitotic and immunoregulatory promoting functions, chemical modification of xylan to research its bioactivity has become also hot, for example, hydroxyl radicalThe method comprises the following steps of radication and carboxylation, wherein the sulfated and modified xylan has multiple biological activities and is one of the more interesting hot spots. The principle of the sulfation method is as follows: the polysaccharide is reacted with a corresponding sulfating agent under conditions such that certain hydroxyl groups on the polysaccharide residue are attached to sulfate groups, e.g., chlorosulfonic acid, the sulfating of the polysaccharide is by SO in a solution of Lewis base 3 H + By substitution of H in the hydroxyl groups of the polysaccharide + And neutralizing to obtain the sulfate. The degree of substitution of sulfuric acid affects the activity of sulfated polysaccharides, but the higher the degree of substitution, the more sulfate radicals, the stronger the activity, and the excessive sulfate radicals in the molecule can produce side effects such as anticoagulation.
Xylan has the characteristics of low sweetness, low calorie, difficult absorption, fermentability, no increase of blood sugar and blood fat, bowel relaxing and the like, and due to various advantages, xylooligosaccharide with low polymerization degree is prepared in the prior art, so that xylooligosaccharide is found to obviously promote the propagation of intestinal probiotics (namely, the existing commercialized prebiotics, wherein xylooligosaccharide is one of the prebiotics), and oligosaccharide is only used for the special prebiotics of bifidobacterium at present, but still has no function of promoting the intestinal probiotics and has no function of promoting the propagation of the bifidobacterium for xylose with higher polymerization degree; in addition, in the prior art, chemically modified xylan has better biological activity, such as the research on the aspects of anti-inflammatory activity, antiviral activity, anticancer activity, anticoagulant activity and the like of sulfated xylan, but the in vitro proliferation effect of sulfated derivatives of xylan on probiotics is not reported in domestic and foreign documents.
The invention carries out sulfation modification on xylan, and researches the in vitro proliferation effect of different concentrations of sulfated xylan on probiotics (Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. Bulgaricus and Lactobacillus brevis).
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages described later.
The invention also aims to provide the application of the sulfated derivative of the xylitol in promoting the proliferation of the probiotic bacteria in vitro, and the sulfated derivative of the xylan is added into a culture medium for culturing the probiotic bacteria to obviously improve the reproductive capacity of the probiotic bacteria, which indicates that the sulfated derivative of the xylitol has the function of obviously promoting the proliferation of the probiotic bacteria in vitro.
To achieve these objects and other advantages and in accordance with the purpose of the invention, as embodied and broadly described herein, there is provided a method for promoting the proliferation of probiotic bacteria in vitro, comprising adding 1.5% to 2% by weight of a sulfated xylan derivative to a basic medium for culturing the probiotic bacteria.
Preferably, the probiotic is lactobacillus brevis or lactobacillus delbrueckii.
Preferably, the basal medium is MSR medium.
Preferably, the sulfated xylan derivative is prepared by sulfating xylan, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: dissolving xylan in N, N-dimethylformamide, and performing ultrasonic dispersion uniformly at room temperature to obtain a mixture I;
step 2: slowly adding sulfamic acid into the obtained mixture I to react for 1-5h to obtain the sulfated derivative of xylan.
Preferably, the xylan and the N, N-dimethylformamide are mixed in a mass-to-volume ratio of 3:80-85; the sulfamic acid is added in an amount of 1-5 times the total amount of the xylan.
Preferably, the sonication conditions in step 1 are: the power is 60-100W, and the ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 20-30min.
Preferably, the reaction conditions in step 2 are specifically: stirring the mixture by using a constant-temperature magnetic stirrer, heating to 70 ℃, adding sulfamic acid, heating to 80 ℃ again, reacting for 1-5 hours, quickly moving to ice water conditions to stop the reaction, cooling to room temperature, neutralizing by using a sodium hydroxide solution, and then sequentially carrying out alcohol precipitation, centrifugation, dialysis and freeze drying.
Preferably, the alcohol precipitation conditions are: precipitating with ethanol at 4 deg.C for 24 hr; and (3) centrifugal conditions: centrifuging at 4500r/min for 15min; dialysis conditions were as follows: and (4) centrifuging, collecting the precipitate, redissolving the precipitate, and dialyzing with running water for 48 hours.
Preferably, the xylan has a sulfated substitution degree of 0.314.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
the xylan can be used as a complex poly-pentose, can be used as a growth carbon source of strains, has the characteristic of difficult absorption by intestinal tracts of organisms, can smoothly pass through small intestines and stomach without being degraded and utilized, can directly enter large intestines to be utilized by intestinal flora, and enables the intestinal strains to grow and reproduce in a large quantity. The sulfated xylan is formed by adding N, N-dimethylformamide and sulfamic acid for sulfation, and has better substitution degree, no byproduct generation, simple preparation method and easy operation. According to the preparation method, the in-vitro probiotics proliferation experiment shows that probiotics show an increasing trend along with the increase of the concentration of the derivatives, but the proliferation effect is optimal when the addition amount is 2%, the technical problem that the xylan in the prior art is not easy to absorb and utilize and is difficult to develop is solved, the xylan with high polymerization degree can be used for researching prebiotics to provide a basis, the types of beneficial bacteria in the prebiotics are expanded, and the preparation method has wide popularization significance and application value.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of infrared spectroscopic analysis before and after the sulfated modification of the xylan;
FIG. 2 the effect of different sulfation temperatures on the sulfated substitution of xylan polysaccharides;
FIG. 3 the effect of different sulphation times on the sulphation substitution degree of xylan polysaccharides;
FIG. 4 the effect of different xylan to sulfamic acid ratios on the degree of sulfated substitution of xylan polysaccharides;
FIG. 5 effect of different microwave powers on sulfated substitution of xylan polysaccharides;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the effect of different concentrations of sulfated xylan on the in vitro proliferation of Lactobacillus brevis;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the effect of different concentrations of sulfated xylan on the in vitro proliferation of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp.bulgaricus;
FIG. 8 is the effect of the 2% sulfated xylan on the growth rate of Lactobacillus brevis;
FIG. 9 is the effect of the 2% sulfated xylan on the growth rate of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention with reference to the description.
It will be understood that terms such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.
Example 1
Preparation of sulfated xylan derivatives.
Sulphated xylan was prepared by the sulphamic acid-N, N-dimethylformamide method. 6g of xylan sample is weighed, dissolved in 160mLN, N-dimethylformamide and sonicated for 30min at 70W power and room temperature. After heating to 70 ℃ with stirring with a constant temperature magnetic stirrer, 12g of sulfamic acid was slowly added, the reaction was stirred at 80 ℃ for 1 hour, then rapidly transferred into ice water to terminate the reaction, cooled to room temperature, and neutralized with 20% NaOH solution. Adding 3 times of anhydrous ethanol into the reaction solution, precipitating with ethanol at 4 deg.C for 24h, centrifuging at 4500r/min for 15min, retaining precipitate, redissolving the precipitate, dialyzing with running water for 48h, and lyophilizing to obtain sulfated xylan.
Example 2
The sulfated xylan prepared in example 1 was examined by infrared spectroscopy.
Weighing 2mg sulfated xylan and xylan respectively, adding 150mg dried KBr in agate mortar, drying and grinding under incandescent lamp, tabletting to obtain uniform transparent and granular-feeling-free sheet, and performing infrared spectrum analysis in Fourier infrared analyzer with range of 4000-400cm -1 And obtaining an infrared scanning chart.
As shown in FIG. 1, sulfated xylan was found at 3400cm -1 The left and right have a broad peak, caused by O-H stretching vibration, at 2890cm -1 The absorption peaks at the left and right are caused by C-H stretching vibration. The two absorption peaks are similar to the characteristic peak of xylan, and are both characteristic absorption peaks of polysaccharide. Sulfated xylan was found at 1394cm, in addition to the characteristic peaks of the polysaccharide -1 The absorption peak is an asymmetric S = O stretching vibration absorption peak and is 1089cm -1 The absorption peaks in (2) are due to contraction vibration of C-O, and these characteristic absorption peaks prove that sulfate groups have been introduced into the sugar chains and sulfation modification has been successful.
Example 3
Determination of the degree of substitution of the sulfated xylan prepared in example 1
The sulfate radical content in sulfated xylan is BaCl 2 -gelatin turbidimetry assay.
(1) Solution preparation:
measuring 20.83mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 36% -38% to 250mL of 1mol/L HCl.
0.5% gelatin: weighing 1.25g of gelatin, dissolving in water at 60-70 ℃, cooling to 250mL, and standing overnight at 4 ℃ for later use.
0.5% barium chloride-gelatin: 0.5g of barium chloride is weighed, 100mL of gelatin with the mass fraction of 0.5 percent is used for constant volume, and the barium chloride is stored for standby at 4 ℃.
Trichloroacetic acid: preparing an aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 8%.
Preparation of 0.1mg/mL K 2 SO 4 And (4) standard solution.
(2) Preparation of the Standard Curve
Respectively and accurately sucking standard sulfate solutions: 0.0mL,0.2mL,0.4mL,0.6mL,1.2mL and 1.6mL in test tubes, and each test tube is supplemented to 1.6mL by deionized water; adding 1.4mL of trichloroacetic acid with the mass fraction of 8% and 1.4mL of barium chloride-gelatin solution with the mass fraction of 0.5%, uniformly mixing, standing at room temperature for 15min, and measuring the absorbance at 360 nm; and taking the mass (mg) of the sulfate radicals as an abscissa and taking the ordinate as an absorbance value to obtain a standard curve.
(3) Determination of sulfate radical content in samples
6mg of polysaccharide is dissolved in 6mL of HCl with the concentration of 1mol/L, hydrolysis is carried out for 6h at 100 ℃, an evaporation dish is evaporated, the evaporation is promoted by absolute ethyl alcohol, and 2mL of deionized water is added after the solvent is completely evaporated. 0.4mL of polysaccharide hydrolysate was taken, distilled water was added to 1.6mL, trichloroacetic acid (8% aqueous solution) was added to 1.4mL 2 1.4mL of gelatin solution, mixing (3 parallel groups), standing for 15min, and measuring the absorbance value A1 at a wavelength of 360 nm.
Control group: the control group was operated as above, replacing BaCl with 1.4mL of gelatin solution 2 -a gelatin solution. The absorbance value A2 was measured at a wavelength of 360 nm.
The absorbance A0= A1-A2, A1-A2 is determined in order to eliminate the influence of the externally absorbing substances contained in the hydrolysate. The quality of potassium sulfate can be calculated according to the standard sulfate curve by the measured absorbance value.
(4) Calculation of sulfated degree of substitution
Substitution degree calculation formula: DS = (1.62 × S)/(32-1.02 × S). Where S-mass fraction (%) of sulfur in the sample.
By using BaCl 2 Gelatin turbidimetry, standard curve equation obtained for y =1.3379x +0.0037 2 =0.9934
According to the calculation results of the sulfate radical standard curve and the sulfate radical substitution degree formula, the substitution degree of the sulfate radical is 0.341, and the sulfate radical content is 6.72%.
Example 4
1. Effect of different sulfation temperatures on the degree of sulfated substitution of xylan polysaccharides
The temperature was set at 60, 70, 80, 90, 100 ℃ and the effect of different sulfation reaction temperatures on the degree of sulfated substitution of xylan polysaccharides was investigated.
As a result, as shown in FIG. 2, the degree of substitution was as high as 0.341 at 80 ℃. The degree of substitution gradually decreases with increasing temperature. Thus, the sulfation temperature of the sulfated modified xylan polysaccharide was 80 ℃.
2. Effect of different sulfation time on the degree of sulfated substitution of xylan polysaccharides
Reaction times of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5h were set, and the effect of different sulfation reaction times on the degree of sulfated substitution of xylan polysaccharides was investigated.
As shown in FIG. 3, the effect of the sulfation time on the degree of substitution was not large, and the degree of substitution was slightly decreased as the reaction time progressed, so that the optimum reaction time was 1 hour.
3. Effect of different xylan to sulfamic acid ratios on the degree of sulfated substitution of xylan polysaccharides
The influence of different sulfamic acid dosages on the sulfated substitution degree of xylan polysaccharides was investigated by setting the ratios of xylan to sulfamic acid 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5 (g/g).
As a result, as shown in FIG. 4, the ratio showed the highest peak at 1:2, and the substitution degree was slightly decreased at 1:2. Thus, the optimal ratio of xylan to sulfamic acid for sulfated modified xylan polysaccharide is 1:2.
4. Effect of different microwave powers on the degree of sulfated substitution of xylan polysaccharides
The effect of different microwave powers on the sulfated substitution degree of xylan polysaccharides was investigated by setting 60, 70, 80, 90, 100W.
As a result, as shown in FIG. 5, the peak appeared at a microwave power of 70W, and the degree of substitution was reduced after the power exceeded 70W. Therefore, the optimal microwave power for sulfated modified xylan polysaccharides is 70W.
Example 5
1. Effect of different concentrations of sulfated xylan polysaccharides on probiotic proliferation
MSR culture medium: 10g of soybean peptone, 10g of beef extract, 5g of yeast powder, 2g of diamine citrate, 0.05g of manganese sulfate, 0.3g of magnesium sulfate, 801mL of tween-801, 2g of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and 5.0g of sodium acetate, heating for dissolving, adding distilled water to 1000mL, and adjusting the pH value to 6.5. Sterilizing at 121 deg.C for 20min.
10mL of MRS basal culture medium containing sulfated xylan polysaccharide with different concentrations (0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,3.0%, W/V) are respectively added, xylan with different concentrations (basal culture medium with xylan as carbon source) is used as negative control, fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) with different concentrations is used as positive control, and sterilization is carried out at 115 ℃ for 30min. Then respectively inoculating 100 μ L of multiply activated Lactobacillus delbrueckii (GIM 1.155) and Lactobacillus brevis (GIM 1.773) suspension, anaerobically culturing at 37 deg.C for 48 hr, sampling, and measuring OD value of each culture solution at 600nm wavelength and pH value of the culture medium; each experiment was repeated in 3 replicates.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the results show that: OD in the sample 600 The value increases with the increase of the concentration of the sulfated xylan, which shows that the number of the strains in the sample to be tested tends to increase with the increase of the concentration, and the strain has a promoting effect on the thalli, and specifically comprises the following steps:
as shown in FIG. 7, in the range of 0.5-1.5%, OD value is increased continuously with the increase of concentration, OD value change is smaller in the range of 1.5-3%, OD value is not increased after 2% reaches the maximum value, so 2% concentration is the optimum concentration of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subspecies bulgaricus;
as shown in FIG. 6, the OD value of the culture solution of Lactobacillus brevis reaches the highest peak when the concentration is 1.5%, and then the change of the concentration of the culture solution is small at 2%, and the change of the OD value is not obvious along with the increase of the concentration, which shows that the effect is better when the addition amount of the polysaccharide is not higher, probably because the osmotic pressure of the culture solution is increased due to too high sugar concentration, the thallus is dehydrated and dead, and the growth of the thallus is inhibited. In general, the optimal concentration for culturing was selected from 1.5% polysaccharide based on the OD of the culture.
2. Effect of sulfated xylan polysaccharides on probiotic growth Rate
OD growth from both Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp bulgaricus and Lactobacillus brevis as a result of the effect of different concentrations of sulfated xylan on the activity of the probiotic 600 And the pH index can yield: the best proliferation condition is when the polysaccharide concentration is 2% and 1.5%, respectively, therefore, the sulfated xylan, xylan and FOS are added according to the concentration of 2% or 1.5% to respectively prepare liquid culture mediums, and the concrete steps are as follows: 450 ml Erlenmeyer flasks were divided into 2 groups, and two media, i.e., MRS medium and MRS medium supplemented with 2% or 1.5% sulfated xylan, were added to each group, and sterilized at 115 ℃ for 30min. 50ml of FOS-containing medium was added, the first group was added with 1% strength 500uL of Lactobacillus brevis suspension, and the second group was added withAdding 500uL of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp bulgaricus suspension with the concentration of 1%, and culturing for 48h under the anaerobic condition at 37 ℃; then taking 4mL of culture solution at 0h, 4h, 10h, 20h, 32h, 44h and 48h respectively, and taking the culture time as abscissa and OD 600 And taking the pH value as a vertical coordinate, measuring indexes, and drawing a growth curve of the probiotics.
As shown in fig. 8, the results show that: OD in 10-20h 600 The change of the pH value and the change of the pH value are both larger, which indicates that the proliferation condition and the acid production condition of the lactobacillus brevis at this stage are changed greatly and are in the period of vigorous growth; and after 44h, OD 600 And the pH value respectively tend to be basically flat, and the balance is reached, which indicates that the lactobacillus brevis enters a growth stable phase.
As shown in fig. 9, the results show that: OD in 10-20h of culture 600 The change of the pH value and the change of the pH value are both larger, which indicates that the proliferation condition and the acid production condition of the Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp.bulgaricus at this stage are changed greatly and are in the period of vigorous growth; and after 44h, OD 600 And the pH value respectively tend to be basically flat, and equilibrium is reached, which indicates that the Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various combinations, modifications and equivalents may be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, and the technical solution of the present invention is covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. The application of the sulfated xylan derivative in promoting the proliferation of probiotics in vitro is characterized in that the sulfated xylan derivative is added into a basic culture medium for culturing probiotics according to the mass percent of 1.5-2 percent to promote the proliferation of the probiotics in vitro; the sulfated derivative of xylan is prepared by sulfating xylan and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: dissolving xylan in N, N-dimethylformamide, and performing ultrasonic dispersion uniformly at room temperature to obtain a mixture I;
and 2, step: slowly adding sulfamic acid into the obtained mixture I to react for 1 hour to obtain a xylan sulfated derivative;
the xylan and the N, N-dimethylformamide are mixed according to a mass-volume ratio of 3:80-85; the sulfamic acid is added according to 2 times of the total amount of the xylan;
the ultrasonic conditions in step 1 were: the power is 70W, and the ultrasound is carried out for 20-30min;
the reaction conditions in step 2 are specifically: stirring the mixture by using a constant-temperature magnetic stirrer, heating to 70 ℃, adding sulfamic acid, heating to 80 ℃ again to react for 1 hour, quickly moving to ice water to stop the reaction, cooling to room temperature, neutralizing by using a sodium hydroxide solution, and then sequentially carrying out alcohol precipitation, centrifugation, dialysis and freeze drying; alcohol precipitation conditions: precipitating with ethanol at 4 deg.C for 24 hr; centrifugation conditions: centrifuging at 4500r/min for 15min; dialysis conditions: centrifuging, collecting precipitate, redissolving the precipitate, and dialyzing with running water for 48h;
the sulfated substitution of the xylan was 0.314.
2. Use of sulfated xylan derivatives according to claim 1 for promoting the proliferation of probiotic bacteria in vitro, wherein said probiotic bacteria are Lactobacillus brevis or Lactobacillus delbrueckii.
3. The use of sulfated derivatives of xylan according to claim 1 for promoting the proliferation of probiotic bacteria in vitro, wherein the basal medium is the MSR medium.
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