CN110560457A - method for preparing recycled material from domestic kitchen garbage - Google Patents
method for preparing recycled material from domestic kitchen garbage Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110560457A CN110560457A CN201910863543.9A CN201910863543A CN110560457A CN 110560457 A CN110560457 A CN 110560457A CN 201910863543 A CN201910863543 A CN 201910863543A CN 110560457 A CN110560457 A CN 110560457A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- crushing
- waste heat
- flue gas
- extrusion
- molding press
- Prior art date
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004368 Modified starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 granulated feed Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003031 feeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010794 food waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021478 household food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/10—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by agglomeration; by granulation, e.g. making powders
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N17/00—Apparatus specially adapted for preparing animal feeding-stuffs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N17/00—Apparatus specially adapted for preparing animal feeding-stuffs
- A23N17/005—Apparatus specially adapted for preparing animal feeding-stuffs for shaping by moulding, extrusion, pressing, e.g. pellet-mills
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/02—Apparatus for the manufacture
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/46—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on sewage, house, or town refuse
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/02—Gases or liquids enclosed in discarded articles, e.g. aerosol cans or cooling systems of refrigerators
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/30—Pressing, compressing or compacting
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method for manufacturing a recycling substance by using household kitchen garbage. The method comprises the steps of obtaining manufacturing equipment, wherein the manufacturing equipment comprises a crusher, an extrusion molding machine, a blanking guide mechanism and a drying mechanism, a waste heat dry-out cavity, a waste heat flue gas circulating pipeline, starting the waste heat flue gas circulating pipeline, introducing hot flue gas into a molding extruder, preheating for 5-10 min at the temperature of 100-200 ℃; preheating the molding extruder for 3-5 min; opening a heat radiation source of the drying mechanism, setting the heating temperature to be 200-280 ℃, and preheating a material conveying device of the drying mechanism for 1-3 min; mixing the domestic kitchen garbage and the straw powder according to the proportion of 3: 1-5: 1, adding 3-6% of modified starch, and crushing in a crusher; feeding the crushed materials into an extrusion forming machine, keeping extrusion heat conduction for 5s, and carrying out extrusion forming; feeding the extruded material into a drying mechanism, and controlling the drying time of the material for 20 s; and conveying the dried material to a waste heat drying and exhausting cavity, drying and exhausting by using the waste heat, and storing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of combustible domestic garbage treatment, in particular to a preparation method for manufacturing recycled materials by using domestic kitchen garbage.
Background
At present, the yield of domestic garbage per capita of cities in China is high, the problem of garbage treatment and disposal becomes one of the most urgent problems in the urban environmental sanitation of China at present, and because the domestic garbage can not be extruded and molded by a machine, organic garbage in the domestic garbage and biological straws are usually mixed according to a certain proportion for reproduction in the prior art to form recycled substances such as granulated feed, fuel or biological fertilizer, and the like, so that a large amount of waste biomass in rural areas can be fully utilized, part of garbage treatment problems can be solved, the living environmental condition of people is improved, and air pollution is reduced. The biomass has high crude fiber content, density less than viscose fiber, low bulk density and breaking strength, because the biomass crude fiber contains a large amount of gaps, the biomass crude fiber is easy to be pressed and molded after being mixed with the organic garbage, the pressure consumption in the mixing and molding process is reduced, the molded recycled material has high strength and uniform density, is easy to store and convenient to use, the existing organic garbage preparation method adopts screening, crushing, extrusion molding and natural air drying methods, and a crusher and a molding machine used in the crushing and extrusion molding process only crush and extrude the mixed material of the organic garbage and the straws, because the garbage has high moisture content, the formed material also contains more moisture, the airing in a natural air drying mode takes long time, the efficiency is low, the air drying quality is poor, and the product quality and the use of the recycled substances such as granulated feed, fuel or biological fertilizer are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a preparation method for manufacturing recycled materials by using household kitchen garbage, the preparation method can realize crushing, forming and drying of mixed materials of organic garbage, straws and binders, the preparation time for manufacturing recycled materials is shortened, the prepared recycled materials are low in water content, high in preparation efficiency and good in product quality, can be taken at any time, and the use efficiency of the recycled materials is greatly improved.
the purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
The preparation method of the recycling substance made of the household kitchen garbage comprises the following steps:
Step 1, obtaining manufacturing equipment which is fixedly arranged on a frame, wherein the frame is placed on a workbench on the ground, the manufacturing equipment sequentially comprises a crusher, an extrusion molding machine, a blanking guide mechanism and a drying mechanism from top to bottom, and further comprises a waste heat dry ash cavity which is arranged on one side of the workbench and is hermetically connected with the drying mechanism through a hose, the upper end and the lower end of the crusher are open ends, the upper end of the crusher is connected with a first feed hopper, the crusher is powered by a first motor and is used for crushing and mixing the domestic kitchen waste, straw powder and a binder to form usable materials, a second feed hopper is arranged between the crusher and the extrusion molding machine, the crushed materials enter the extrusion molding machine through the second feed hopper, a waste heat smoke gas circulation pipeline is arranged between the extrusion molding machine and the waste heat dry ash cavity and is used for introducing hot smoke gas in the waste heat dry ash cavity into the extruder or returning the waste heat dry ash cavity, the waste heat flue gas of the dry ash cavity is used for heating an extrusion forming machine, the extrusion forming machine is powered by a second motor to realize extrusion thermoforming on materials, the blanking guide mechanism is arranged below the extrusion forming machine and used for guiding the extruded materials into a drying mechanism and discharging percolate generated in the crushing and extrusion forming processes, the drying mechanism is fixed on a first cross beam of the rack through a bearing seat, the drying mechanism comprises a material transmission device and a heat radiation source and is used for heating and drying the materials guided by the blanking guide mechanism, and transmitting the dried materials into the dry ash cavity for dry ash storage through the power transmitted by a third motor;
Step 2, opening a waste heat flue gas circulation pipeline, introducing hot flue gas in the waste heat dry-out cavity into a forming extruder, and preheating for 5-10 min at the waste heat flue gas temperature of 100-200 ℃;
step 3, turning on a second motor to uniformly heat the forming extruder, and preheating for 3-5 min;
Step 4, turning on a heating power supply of a thermal radiation source, setting the temperature to be 200-280 ℃, heating a drying mechanism, starting a third motor, uniformly heating the material conveying device, and preheating for 1-3 min;
Step 5, mixing the domestic kitchen garbage and the straw powder according to the proportion of 3: 1-5: 1, adding a proper amount of 3-6% modified starch solution as a binder, and feeding the mixture into a crusher from a first feeding hopper for crushing;
6, feeding the crushed mixed material into an extrusion forming machine from a second feeding hopper, controlling the extrusion forming machine to intermittently move by a second motor, keeping extrusion heat conduction for 5 seconds, and carrying out extrusion forming;
7, feeding the extruded material into a drying mechanism through a blanking guide mechanism, conveying the extruded material through a material conveying device, adjusting the rotating speed of a third motor, and controlling the drying time of the material passing through a thermal radiation source to be set to be 20 s;
8, conveying the dried material to a residual heat dry-out cavity through a material conveying device, further utilizing the residual heat dry-out and storing;
and 9, turning off the motor and the power supply after the preparation is finished, and turning off the waste heat and smoke utilization device.
further, in step 1, the breaker includes broken case, broken case sets up in the top of frame, including the box, set up main crushing roller and the vice crushing roller in the box, main crushing roller and vice crushing roller set up side by side, are fixed in on the box through bearing support, main, vice crushing roller all include broken axle, with broken axle fastening connection's broken hobbing and hobbing spacer ring, broken hobbing and the hobbing spacer ring on the same crushing roller are installed in turn, and every two adjacent broken hobbing are clockwise or anticlockwise dislocation installation, broken hobbing dislocation installation on main, the vice crushing roller, and the dislocation of broken hobbing is opposite to the direction of rotation, from the top down see broken hobbing opposite direction rotation, broken hobbing adopts 4 sword broken teeth, and the cutting edge is equipped with the angle of inclination with the axial.
further, in step 1, the extrusion molding machine comprises a main molding press roller, an auxiliary molding press roller and a waste heat and smoke rotary joint arranged at one end of the main molding press roller and the auxiliary molding press roller, wherein the main molding press roller and the auxiliary molding press roller are fixed on a fourth cross beam of the frame through bearing seats, cavities are formed inside the main molding press roller and the auxiliary molding press roller, one end of the waste heat and smoke rotary joint is connected with a waste heat and smoke circulating pipeline, the other end of the waste heat and smoke rotary joint extends into the cavities of the main molding press roller and the auxiliary molding press roller, hot smoke in the waste heat and smoke circulating pipeline is introduced into the cavities of the molding press rollers or returns to the waste heat dry-out cavity for heating the molding press rollers and indirectly heating materials, a plurality of elliptic cylinder-shaped molding pits are arranged on the surface of the press rollers, the main molding press rollers and the auxiliary molding press rollers rotate.
Further, in step 1, the blanking guiding mechanism comprises a chute and a guiding arc plate, the upper ends of the chute and the guiding arc plate are fixed on the frame, the chute is arranged below the extrusion forming machine and is obliquely arranged below the left side, the guiding arc plate is arranged at the left end of the chute, the lower end of the guiding arc plate is close to the feed inlet of the drying mechanism, materials falling on the chute are blocked and guided, and a lower water gap for enabling leachate to flow out and a water retaining strip for preventing the leachate from flowing into the drying mechanism are sequentially arranged on the chute from top to bottom.
Further, in step 1, the mummification mechanism still includes the installation shell that surrounds in the material transmission device is outside, both ends opening about the installation shell, the left end is the material feed inlet, and the right-hand member is the material discharge gate, the installation shell is fixed on the second crossbeam of frame, is equipped with the anticreep anchor on the installation shell inner wall for fastening connection insulating layer and thermal radiation source, material transmission device includes gyro wheel and chain belt, dries and transmits the material after the shaping to the waste heat in proper order and dries the ember intracavity.
Further, in step 1, the residual heat dry-out cavity comprises a cavity, a discharge door positioning piece and a heat preservation layer arranged on the inner wall of the cavity, and the inlet end of the cavity is connected and sealed with the discharge hole of the installation shell through a hose.
further, the below of chute still is equipped with wastewater collection groove, wastewater collection groove fixes on the third crossbeam of frame, is equipped with solid-liquid filtering device and liquid outlet in the wastewater collection groove, solid-liquid filtering device is used for filtering domestic kitchen surplus rubbish residue and filtration liquid, prevents that rubbish residue from blockking up wastewater collection groove liquid outlet.
Further, the heat radiation source is composed of refractory materials and heating resistance wires fixed on the refractory materials.
due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. Through setting gradually the breaker from top to bottom, extrusion molding machine, blanking guiding mechanism and mummification mechanism, and set up waste heat dry and ember chamber in mummification mechanism one side, make up into the manufacture equipment of making the material of recycling, mix domestic kitchen garbage and straw powder and binder according to certain proportion, the misce bene is through broken, behind the preparation process is handled to hot extrusion molding, very big improvement the leaching rate of liquid in the misce bene, the leachate that produces can flow to blanking guiding mechanism's alternately lower water seam fast, accelerate the discharge of leachate.
2. The mixed material after extrusion molding enters the drying mechanism for further heating and drying and is put into the residual heat dry-out cavity for dry-out and storage, the prepared recycled material has low liquid content, high preparation efficiency and good product quality, can be taken at any time, and greatly improves the service efficiency of the recycled material.
3. Set up waste heat flue gas circulation pipeline between waste heat dry and full out chamber and extrusion machine, in letting in the hot flue gas in the waste heat dry and full out chamber to the shaping extruder, improve the extrusion machine temperature, realize the thermoforming of miscellany material, improved the utilization ratio of hot flue gas, practiced thrift energy use cost.
4. The preparation method can realize the crushing, thermoforming, drying and dry-out storage of the mixed material of the organic garbage, the straws and the binder, has reasonable and efficient preparation process, obviously shortens the preparation time of manufacturing the recycled substances, and can be prepared into various recycled substances such as granulated feeds, fuels, biological fertilizers and the like.
drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a manufacturing apparatus used in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of a manufacturing apparatus used in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view taken at I in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the installation of the crushing teeth in a staggered manner in the same crushing roller.
Reference numerals
1 is a frame, 101 is a first beam, 102 is a second beam, 103 is a third beam, 104 is a fourth beam,
2 is a crusher, 201 is a box body, 202 is a main crushing roller, 203 is an auxiliary crushing roller, 204 is a crushing shaft, 205 is a crushing hobbing, 206 is a crushing spacer ring
3 is an extrusion molding machine, 301 is a main molding press roll, 302 is an auxiliary molding press roll, 303 is a residual heat smoke rotary joint,
4 is a blanking guide mechanism, 401 is a chute, 402 is a guide arc plate, 403 is a water discharge seam, 404 is a water bar
5 is a drying mechanism, 501 is a mounting shell, 502 is a heat-insulating layer, 503 is a heat radiation source, 504 is a roller, 505 is a chain belt,
6 is a residual heat dry-out cavity, 601 is a cavity, 602 is a discharge door, 603 is a discharge door positioning piece, 604 is a heat-insulating layer
7 is a wastewater collecting tank, 701 is a solid-liquid filtering device, 702 is a liquid outlet,
8 is the first motor, 9 is the second motor, 10 is the third motor, 11 is first feeder hopper, 12 is the second feeder hopper, 13 is the miscellany material, 14 is waste heat flue gas circulating line
Detailed Description
the invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
example 1 as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a method for producing a recyclable substance from household food waste, comprising the steps of:
step 1, obtaining manufacturing equipment for preparing kitchen garbage, wherein the manufacturing equipment is fixedly arranged on a frame 1, the frame 1 is placed on a workbench on the ground, the manufacturing equipment sequentially comprises a crusher 2, an extrusion molding machine 3, a blanking guide mechanism 4 and a drying mechanism 5 from top to bottom, and further comprises a residual heat dry ash cavity 6 which is arranged on one side of the workbench and is hermetically connected with the drying mechanism 5 through a hose, the upper end and the lower end of the crusher 2 are open ends, the upper end of the crusher 2 is connected with a first feed hopper 11, the crusher 2 transmits power through a first motor 8 and is used for crushing and mixing the kitchen garbage, straw powder and a binder to form a usable material, a second feed hopper 12 is arranged between the crusher 2 and the extrusion molding machine 3, the crushed material enters the extrusion molding machine 3 through the second feed hopper 12, and a residual heat flue gas circulation pipeline 14 is arranged between the extrusion molding machine 3 and the residual heat dry ash cavity 6, the drying mechanism 5 comprises a material conveying device and a heat radiation source, and is used for heating and drying the materials introduced by the blanking guide mechanism 4, and conveying the dried materials to the dry ash cavity 6 for drying and drying through the third motor 10 to convey power;
step 2, opening a waste heat flue gas circulation pipeline, introducing hot flue gas in the waste heat dry-out cavity into a forming extruder, and preheating for 8min at the waste heat flue gas temperature of 150 ℃;
Step 3, turning on a second motor to uniformly heat the molding extruder, and preheating for 3 min;
Step 4, turning on a heating power supply of a thermal radiation source, setting the temperature to be 250 ℃, heating a drying mechanism, starting a third motor, uniformly heating the material conveying device, and preheating for 2 min;
step 5, mixing the domestic kitchen garbage and the straw powder according to the proportion of 3:1, adding a proper amount of 3% modified starch as a binder, and feeding the mixture into a crusher from a first feeding hopper for crushing;
6, feeding the crushed mixed material 13 into an extrusion forming machine from a second feeding hopper, controlling the extrusion forming machine to intermittently move by a second motor, keeping extrusion heat conduction for 5 seconds, and carrying out extrusion forming;
7, feeding the extruded material into a drying mechanism through a blanking guide mechanism, conveying the extruded material through a material conveying device, adjusting the rotating speed of a third motor, and controlling the drying time of the material passing through a thermal radiation source to be set to be 20 s;
8, conveying the dried material to a residual heat dry-out cavity through a material conveying device, further utilizing the residual heat dry-out and storing;
and 9, turning off the motor and the power supply after the preparation is finished, and turning off the waste heat and smoke utilization device.
The invention prepares the domestic kitchen garbage by using the manufacturing equipment, prepares the domestic kitchen garbage into various recycled substances such as pellet feed, fuel, biological fertilizer and the like by a reasonable and effective preparation method, has good preparation effect, and realizes the recycling and energy utilization of the garbage.
In this embodiment, the crusher 2 includes crushing case, gear train, and crushing case sets up in the top of frame 1, including box 201, main crushing roller 202 and the vice crushing roller 203 that sets up in box 201, main crushing roller 202 and the vice crushing roller 203 set up side by side, support through double-row self-aligning roller bearing and be fixed in on box 201, the bearing both sides are fixed through location axle sleeve and lock nut, guarantee the relative position of crushing roller in the axial, lock nut is used for installing tight set bolt, prevents that lock nut is not hard up. The main crushing roller 202 and the auxiliary crushing roller 203 respectively comprise a crushing shaft 204, crushing hobbing teeth 205 and a hobbing tooth spacer ring 206 which are fixedly connected with the crushing shaft 204, the crushing hobbing teeth 205 and the hobbing tooth spacer ring 206 on the same crushing roller are alternately installed to play a role of crushing and shredding materials, every two adjacent crushing hobbing teeth 205 are installed in a clockwise or anticlockwise staggered mode by 30 degrees, the crushing hobbing teeth 205 on the main crushing roller 202 and the auxiliary crushing roller 203 are installed in a staggered mode, the staggered rotating directions of the crushing hobbing teeth 205 are opposite, the crushing hobbing teeth 205 are seen to rotate in opposite directions from the upper side, the crushing and feeding effects can be further promoted, the crushing hobbing teeth adopt 4-edge crushing teeth, the cutting edges and the axial direction form an inclined angle of 5 degrees, scraping teeth are further fixedly installed on the box body 201, and are fixedly connected through bolts and fastening pins to prevent garbage from winding and garbage leakage.
in this embodiment, the extrusion molding machine 3 includes a main molding press roll 301, an auxiliary molding press roll 302 and a residual heat flue gas rotary joint 303 disposed at one end of the main molding press roll and the auxiliary molding press roll, the main molding press roll 301 and the auxiliary molding press roll 302 are supported and fixed on a bearing seat through a self-aligning ball bearing, the bearing seat is fixed on a fourth cross beam 104 of the frame, the insides of the main molding press roll 301 and the auxiliary molding press roll 302 are both cavities, one end of the residual heat flue gas rotary joint 303 is connected with a residual heat flue gas circulation pipeline 14, the other end of the residual heat flue gas rotary joint extends into the cavities of the main molding press roll and the auxiliary molding press roll, hot flue gas in the residual heat flue gas circulation pipeline 14 is introduced into the cavities of the molding press rolls or returned to the residual heat dry ash cavity for heating the molding press rolls and indirectly heating materials, a plurality of molding pits in elliptical column shapes are disposed on, and extruding and hot forming the crushed material.
In this embodiment, blanking guiding mechanism 4 includes chute 401 and direction arc board 402, frame 1 is all fixed in to the upper end of chute 401 and direction arc board 402, chute 401 sets up in extrusion molding machine 3 below, the slope setting below the slope to the left side, direction arc board 402 sets up in the left end of chute 401, the lower extreme of direction arc board 402 is close to the feed inlet of mummification mechanism 5, block and lead the material that falls into on chute 401, be equipped with lower water gap 403 that makes the filtration liquid flow out and prevent that filtration liquid from flowing into the manger plate strip 404 of mummification mechanism from top to bottom in proper order on chute 401, lower water gap is the X type under alternately sloping, make filtration liquid more easily flow out. The below of chute 401 still is equipped with wastewater collection groove 7, and wastewater collection groove 7 is fixed on the third crossbeam 103 of frame, is equipped with solid-liquid filtering device 701 and liquid outlet 702 in the wastewater collection groove 7, and solid-liquid filtering device 701 filters surplus rubbish residue in the domestic kitchen and filtration liquid, prevents that rubbish residue from blockking up wastewater collection groove liquid outlet.
In this embodiment, the drying mechanism 5 further includes an installation shell 501 surrounding the outside of the material conveying device, the left end and the right end of the installation shell 501 are open, the left end is a material feeding port, the right end is a material discharging port, the installation shell 501 is fixed on the second cross beam 102 of the rack, an anti-drop anchor is welded on the inner wall of the installation shell 501 and is used for tightly connecting the heat-insulating layer 502 and the heat radiation source 503 to prevent the heat radiation source from dropping off, the heat radiation source 503 is composed of a refractory material and a heating resistance wire fixed on the refractory material, the heat radiation source 503 and the heat-insulating layer 502 are in bolted connection with the installation shell 501 to form a closed space, thereby reducing the emission and loss of the heat source, the material conveying device includes a roller 504 and a chain belt 505, the formed material is dried and conveyed into the residual heat drying chamber 6 from left to right in sequence, the chain belt is a 304.
In this embodiment, waste heat dry and ember chamber 6 includes cavity 601, discharge door 602, discharge door setting element 603 and set up in the heat preservation 604 of cavity inner wall, the pan feeding end of cavity 601 is connected and is sealed through the material discharge gate of hose with installation shell 501, prevent that the manufacture equipment vibration from destroying connection between them, the hot flue gas in the waste heat dry and ember chamber 6 is obtained by the material release after the drying, when the temperature of hot flue gas is less than the preparation requirement in the dry and ember chamber, only need to dry and ember chamber heating can, dry and ember chamber is in the lowest position of manufacture equipment, and fixed with ground, and the intracavity keeps negative pressure state, prevent the outflow polluted environment of waste gas.
As shown in fig. 1, the arrow direction in the figure indicates the flow direction of the waste heat flue gas inlet and outlet, in this embodiment, the waste heat flue gas circulation pipeline 14 is a double-layer circulation pipeline, the middle is an inner pipe for inlet air, the waste heat flue gas in the dry ash cavity is introduced into the main and auxiliary forming press roll cavities of the extrusion forming machine, an air pump is connected in series in the inner pipe to ensure that the hot flue gas in the dry ash cavity is inlet air to the extrusion forming machine, the outer pipe is used for outlet air, the hot flue gas in the forming press roll cavity is returned to the dry ash cavity to realize flue gas heat exchange, and the flue gas recycling technology is widely used in the existing waste incineration waste heat utilization.
Example 2, using the same manufacturing equipment as in example 1, the following parameters were adjusted to prepare
step 2, preheating the waste heat flue gas for 5min at the temperature of 100 ℃;
step 3, uniformly heating the forming extruder, and preheating for 5 min;
Step 4, setting the heating temperature of a heat radiation source to be 280 ℃, and preheating the material conveying device for 1 min;
Step 5, mixing the domestic kitchen garbage and the straw powder according to the proportion of 5:1, adding 6% of modified starch, and crushing;
example 3, using the same manufacturing equipment as in example 1, the following parameters were adjusted to prepare
Step 2, preheating the waste heat flue gas for 10min at the temperature of 200 ℃;
step 3, uniformly heating the forming extruder, and preheating for 4 min;
Step 4, setting the heating temperature of a heat radiation source to be 200 ℃, and preheating the material conveying device for 3 min;
step 5, mixing the domestic kitchen garbage and the straw powder according to the proportion of 4:1, adding 5% of modified starch, and crushing;
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. the preparation method of the recycled substance by using the household kitchen garbage is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, obtaining manufacturing equipment which is fixedly arranged on a frame, wherein the frame is placed on a workbench on the ground, the manufacturing equipment sequentially comprises a crusher, an extrusion molding machine, a blanking guide mechanism and a drying mechanism from top to bottom, and further comprises a waste heat dry ash cavity which is arranged on one side of the workbench and is hermetically connected with the drying mechanism through a hose, the upper end and the lower end of the crusher are open ends, the upper end of the crusher is connected with a first feed hopper, the crusher is powered by a first motor and is used for crushing and mixing the domestic kitchen waste, straw powder and a binder to form usable materials, a second feed hopper is arranged between the crusher and the extrusion molding machine, the crushed materials enter the extrusion molding machine through the second feed hopper, a waste heat smoke gas circulation pipeline is arranged between the extrusion molding machine and the waste heat dry ash cavity and is used for introducing hot smoke gas in the waste heat dry ash cavity into the extruder or returning the waste heat dry ash cavity, the waste heat flue gas of the dry ash cavity is used for heating an extrusion forming machine, the extrusion forming machine is powered by a second motor to realize extrusion thermoforming on materials, the blanking guide mechanism is arranged below the extrusion forming machine and used for guiding the extruded materials into a drying mechanism and discharging percolate generated in the crushing and extrusion forming processes, the drying mechanism is fixed on a first cross beam of the rack through a bearing seat, the drying mechanism comprises a material transmission device and a heat radiation source and is used for heating and drying the materials guided by the blanking guide mechanism, and transmitting the dried materials into the dry ash cavity for dry ash storage through the power transmitted by a third motor;
step 2, opening a waste heat flue gas circulation pipeline, introducing hot flue gas in the waste heat dry-out cavity into a forming extruder, and preheating for 5-10 min at the waste heat flue gas temperature of 100-200 ℃;
step 3, turning on a second motor to uniformly heat the forming extruder, and preheating for 3-5 min;
step 4, turning on a heating power supply of a thermal radiation source, setting the temperature to be 200-280 ℃, heating a drying mechanism, starting a third motor, uniformly heating the material conveying device, and preheating for 1-3 min;
step 5, mixing the domestic kitchen garbage and the straw powder according to the proportion of 3: 1-5: 1, adding a proper amount of 3-6% modified starch solution as a binder, and feeding the mixture into a crusher from a first feeding hopper for crushing;
6, feeding the crushed mixed material into an extrusion forming machine from a second feeding hopper, controlling the extrusion forming machine to intermittently move by a second motor, keeping extrusion heat conduction for 5 seconds, and carrying out extrusion forming;
7, feeding the extruded material into a drying mechanism through a blanking guide mechanism, conveying the extruded material through a material conveying device, adjusting the rotating speed of a third motor, and controlling the drying time of the material passing through a thermal radiation source to be set to be 20 s;
8, conveying the dried material to a residual heat dry-out cavity through a material conveying device, further utilizing the residual heat dry-out and storing;
And 9, turning off the motor and the power supply after the preparation is finished, and turning off the waste heat and smoke utilization device.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the crusher comprises a crushing box disposed above the frame, the crushing box comprises a box body, a main crushing roller and an auxiliary crushing roller disposed in the box body, the main crushing roller and the auxiliary crushing roller are disposed side by side and supported and fixed on the box body through bearings, the main crushing roller and the auxiliary crushing roller each comprise a crushing shaft, crushing teeth and a gear ring spacer tightly connected to the crushing shaft, the crushing teeth and the gear ring spacer on the same crushing roller are alternately installed, every two adjacent crushing teeth are installed in a staggered manner clockwise or counterclockwise, the crushing teeth on the main crushing roller and the auxiliary crushing roller are installed in a staggered manner, the staggered directions of the crushing teeth are opposite, the crushing teeth rotate oppositely when viewed from above downwards, and the crushing teeth adopt 4-edge crushing teeth, the blade and the axial direction are provided with an inclination angle.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein the extrusion molding machine comprises a main molding press roll, an auxiliary molding press roll and a residual heat flue gas rotary joint arranged at one end of the main molding press roll and the auxiliary molding press roll, the main molding press roll and the auxiliary molding press roll are both fixed on a fourth cross beam of the frame through bearing seats, the main molding press roll and the auxiliary molding press roll are both internally provided with cavities, one end of the residual heat flue gas rotary joint is connected with the residual heat flue gas circulation pipeline, the other end of the residual heat flue gas rotary joint extends into the cavities of the main molding press roll and the auxiliary molding press roll, hot flue gas in the residual heat flue gas circulation pipeline is introduced into the cavities of the molding press rolls or returns to the residual heat dry ash cavity for heating the molding press rolls and indirectly heating materials, a plurality of molding pits in elliptical column shapes are arranged on the surface of the press rolls, the main molding press rolls and the auxiliary molding press rolls are rotated in opposite directions and, and extruding and hot forming the crushed material.
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein in step 1, the material-dropping guide mechanism comprises a chute and a guide arc plate, the upper ends of the chute and the guide arc plate are both fixed on the frame, the chute is arranged below the extrusion molding machine and is obliquely arranged at the lower left side, the guide arc plate is arranged at the left end of the chute, the lower end of the guide arc plate is close to the feed inlet of the drying mechanism to block and guide the material falling on the chute, and the chute is sequentially provided with a lower water slit for allowing the percolate to flow out and a water bar for preventing the percolate from flowing into the drying mechanism from top to bottom.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step 1, the drying mechanism further comprises a mounting shell surrounding the outside of the material conveying device, the left end and the right end of the mounting shell are open, the left end is a material inlet, the right end is a material outlet, the mounting shell is fixed on a second cross beam of the frame, an anti-drop anchor is arranged on the inner wall of the mounting shell and used for tightly connecting the heat insulation layer and the heat radiation source, the material conveying device comprises a roller and a chain belt, and the formed material is dried and conveyed into the waste heat drying chamber from left to right.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein in step 1, the exhaust ash chamber comprises a chamber, a discharge door positioning member and a heat insulating layer disposed on an inner wall of the chamber, and an inlet end of the chamber is connected and sealed with a discharge port of the mounting case through a hose.
7. The method as set forth in claim 4, wherein a waste water collecting tank is further provided below the chute, the waste water collecting tank is fixed to the third cross member of the frame, and a solid-liquid filtering device for filtering the garbage residue and the leachate and preventing the garbage residue from blocking the liquid outlet of the waste water collecting tank and a liquid outlet are provided in the waste water collecting tank.
8. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the heat radiation source is composed of refractory material and resistance heating wire fixed on the refractory material.
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| CN111827421A (en) * | 2020-07-18 | 2020-10-27 | 尹建星 | Food waste treatment recycles device |
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