CN110556842A - Control method of direct-drive wind power plant inductive weak grid-connected subsynchronous oscillation suppression device - Google Patents

Control method of direct-drive wind power plant inductive weak grid-connected subsynchronous oscillation suppression device Download PDF

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CN110556842A
CN110556842A CN201910868875.6A CN201910868875A CN110556842A CN 110556842 A CN110556842 A CN 110556842A CN 201910868875 A CN201910868875 A CN 201910868875A CN 110556842 A CN110556842 A CN 110556842A
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grid
direct
compensator
reactive
inductive
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CN110556842B (en
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罗安
李高翔
陈燕东
王海宁
曹世骧
姜捷
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Hunan University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
    • H02J3/1821—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators
    • H02J3/1835—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control
    • H02J3/1842—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control wherein at least one reactive element is actively controlled by a bridge converter, e.g. active filters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/10—Flexible AC transmission systems [FACTS]

Abstract

the invention discloses a device for restraining sub-synchronous oscillation of direct-driven wind power plant under the condition of grid connection of an inductive weak power grid and a control method thereof. The subsynchronous oscillation suppression device comprises a static synchronous reactive power compensator and a battery energy storage system, wherein a storage battery is connected to the direct current side of the static synchronous reactive power compensator, and the control method is improved virtual synchronous machine control. The device for restraining the grid-connected subsynchronous oscillation of the inductive weak power grid of the direct-driven wind power plant and the control method thereof can well restrain the subsynchronous oscillation caused by the interaction of the direct-driven wind power plant and the inductive weak power grid, and provide a solution for the treatment of the grid-connected subsynchronous oscillation of the inductive weak power grid of the direct-driven wind power plant.

Description

Control method of direct-drive wind power plant inductive weak grid-connected subsynchronous oscillation suppression device
Technical Field
the invention relates to the field of direct-drive wind power plant inductive weak grid-connected subsynchronous oscillation suppression, in particular to a control method of a direct-drive wind power plant inductive weak grid-connected subsynchronous oscillation suppression device.
Background
With the development of the times, the proportion of renewable energy power generation is higher and higher, wherein wind power generation is applied on a large scale. The direct-drive wind driven generator is high in efficiency at low wind speed, and has the advantages of low noise, long service life, small unit size, low operation and maintenance cost and the like, so that the direct-drive wind power plant is more and more. Most wind power plants are far away from the electric load, so that the direct-drive wind power plant grid connection is mostly under the condition of an inductive weak grid. Continuous subsynchronous oscillation occurs in a large direct-driven wind power plant in a Hami area of Xinjiang in 2015, reports of the phenomenon of subsequent subsynchronous oscillation of the inductive weak power grid of the direct-driven wind power plant are increased gradually, the subsynchronous oscillation of the inductive weak power grid of the direct-driven wind power plant seriously influences the consumption of large-scale grid connection of new energy power generation, and influences the reliability of a new energy power generation and supply system, so that the problem of subsynchronous oscillation of the inductive weak power grid of the direct-driven wind power plant is widely concerned and researched.
Since the wind power output is greatly influenced by the wind speed, in order to smooth the wind power plant power output, a battery energy storage system is usually configured to cut peaks and fill valleys and suppress the power oscillation of wind power generation. The static synchronous reactive compensator is a reactive compensation device and also is important equipment for carrying out reactive power regulation in a wind power plant, and a battery energy storage system and the static reactive compensator are integrated together by part of the wind power plant to form the static reactive compensator with energy storage, so that reactive compensation can be carried out, and meanwhile, the power output of a fan can be smoothed. The virtual synchronizer controls and simulates the characteristics of a traditional synchronous generator, has the functions of primary voltage regulation and primary frequency modulation, and is increasingly applied to new energy power generation. The impedance of the grid-connected inverter controlled by the virtual synchronizer is inductive in full frequency bands, and the system can still stably run under the condition of grid connection of an inductive weak power grid. The traditional virtual synchronous machine control mainly outputs active power and cannot be directly applied to a static reactive power compensator mainly sending reactive power, and both the original controller and a control parameter design method need to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the device for inhibiting the grid-connected subsynchronous oscillation of the inductive weak grid of the direct-driven wind power plant and the control method thereof, so that the grid-connected subsynchronous oscillation of the inductive weak grid of the direct-driven wind power plant is well inhibited.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a control method of a direct-drive wind power plant inductive weak grid-connected subsynchronous oscillation suppression device comprises the following steps:
1) Connecting an energy storage battery pack to the direct current side of the static synchronous reactive power compensator to form the static synchronous reactive power compensator with battery energy storage;
2) An active power reduction coefficient D is added to an active control loop of a traditional virtual synchronous machinewObtaining an improved static synchronous reactive compensator with battery energy storage controlled by the virtual synchronizer;
3) The method comprises the following steps of connecting a static synchronous reactive compensator with battery energy storage controlled by an improved virtual synchronizer in parallel with a direct-drive wind driven generator;
4) Collecting current i of filter inductor output by static var compensatorabcAnd a grid point voltage vabcCalculating the voltage v of the grid-connected pointabcEffective value of (V)mCalculating the active power P emitted by the static synchronous reactive compensator with battery energy storage controlled by the improved virtual synchronous machine according to the instantaneous power theoryvsgAnd reactive power Qvsg；
5) The effective value V of the voltage of the grid-connected pointmActive power PvsgAnd reactive power Qvsgsubstituting into improved virtual synchronous machine controller to obtain modulation signal for realizing to carryAnd controlling a static synchronous reactive compensator for storing energy by the battery.
In step 2), the coefficient D is controlledwDesigning according to the bandwidth of the active control loop, and selecting the parameter DwThe bandwidth of the active control loop is 5-10 Hz.
Increasing the active power reduction factor DwThe latter virtual synchronizer controls the following equation:
Wherein, PnAnd QnRated active power and rated reactive power of the static reactive compensator, respectively, DpAnd DqRespectively an active droop coefficient and a reactive droop coefficient, TeIs an electromagnetic moment of inertia, TnFor a rated moment of inertia, K and J are respectively an active inertia coefficient and a reactive inertia coefficient, Emis the effective value of the potential in the static reactive compensator, omeganAnd ωmRespectively nominal and actual angular frequency, thetamIs the phase angle of the potential in the static var compensator.
the calculation formula of the modulation signal is as follows:
wherein, Vdc2Is the DC side voltage of the static var compensator.
compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a device for restraining the grid-connected subsynchronous oscillation of an inductive weak power grid of a direct-driven wind power plant and a control method thereof aiming at the problem of the grid-connected subsynchronous oscillation of the inductive weak power grid of the direct-driven wind power plantwThe improved virtual synchronizer control mode, the provided direct-drive wind power plant inductive weak grid-connected subsynchronous oscillation suppression device and the control method thereof can well solve the problem of subsynchronous oscillation caused by the direct-drive wind power plant inductive weak grid connectionThe subsynchronous oscillation suppression device and the control method thereof are simple, reliable and high in practicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a simplified circuit diagram of a direct-drive wind power plant grid-connected system with an inductive weak grid-connected subsynchronous oscillation suppression device.
FIG. 2 different parameters DwAnd the next synchronous oscillation suppression device has an active ring unit step response graph.
Fig. 3 shows an active ring Bode diagram of a next-time synchronous oscillation suppression device with different parameters J.
FIG. 4 is a reactive ring Bode diagram of a next synchronous oscillation suppression device with different parameters K.
FIG. 5 is a small-signal equivalent circuit diagram of a direct-drive wind power plant grid-connected system with a subsynchronous oscillation suppression device.
FIG. 6 is an impedance amplitude-frequency characteristic diagram of a direct-drive wind power plant grid-connected system with a subsynchronous oscillation suppression device.
Fig. 7 a diagram of the criterion of nyquist-quasitut stability.
Fig. 8 is a grid-connected current waveform diagram of the front direct-drive fan inductive weak grid of the subsynchronous oscillation suppression device.
Fig. 9 is a waveform diagram of the grid-connected current of the direct-drive fan inductive weak grid after the subsynchronous oscillation suppression device is added.
Detailed Description
A simplified circuit of a direct-drive wind power plant grid-connected system is shown in figure 1. Grid-connected inverter via L1Filtered grid-connected inductor LgAnd a resistance RgConstituting the grid impedance.
The positive and negative sequence impedance expression of the direct-drive fan is as follows:
Wherein, KmIs the gain of the modulated signal, KdAnd Kfrespectively a decoupling coefficient and a current feed-forward system, Gi＝kip+kiis is the current inner loop transfer function, Vdc1DC side voltage, V, of inverter1Is the voltage v of the grid-connected pointabcAmplitude of (1)1AndAmplitude and initial phase angle, T, of the grid-connected current, respectivelyPLL(s)＝V1HPLL(s)/[1+V1HPLL(s)]，HPLL(s)＝(kpllp+kplli/s)/s，T1AndFrom their vector expressions:HvAnd HiRespectively represent voltage and current sampling time delay, and the expressions are respectively:
Wherein, Tvand TiRespectively, voltage and current sampling delays, omegavAnd ωithe low frequency filter cut-off frequency is sampled for voltage and current respectively.
Increasing the active power reduction factor DwThe latter virtual synchronizer controls the following equation:
According to the instantaneous power theory, the static synchronous reactive compensator with the battery energy storage outputs active power PvsgAnd reactive power QvsgThe expression is as follows:
Wherein v isαAnd vβIs the value of the output voltage of the static synchronous reactive compensator with battery energy storage in an alpha-beta coordinate system; i.e. iαAnd iβIs the value of the grid-connected current in the alpha-beta coordinate system.
The modulation signal expression of the static synchronous reactive compensator with the battery energy storage can be obtained according to the expression (3):
The expressions of the open-loop transfer functions of the active control loop and the reactive control loop of the static synchronous reactive compensator with the battery energy storage can be obtained from fig. 1:
According to equations (6) and (7), the unit step response of the active control loop closed-loop transfer function of the static synchronous reactive power compensator with battery storage is shown in fig. 2. As can be seen from FIG. 2, when the active power reduction factor D is appliedwThe unit step response speed is higher when the unit step response speed is larger. The open-loop transfer functions Bode diagram of the active control loop and the reactive control loop under different parameters can be obtained according to the equations (6) and (7) as shown in fig. 3 and 4, and a proper active power reduction coefficient D is selected according to fig. 2, 3 and 4wThe active inertia coefficient J and the reactive power inertia coefficient K enable the bandwidth of the active and reactive control loop to be 5-10 Hz.
according to fig. 1, the static synchronous reactive compensator with battery energy storage controlled by the virtual synchronizer is subjected to sequence impedance modeling, and a positive and negative sequence impedance expression based on the static synchronous reactive compensator can be obtained:
wherein VrAnd IrAmplitude of the fundamental voltage and fundamental current, respectively, frIs the fundamental frequency of the voltage, θirIs the initial phase angle of the fundamental wave of the current, thetad＝arcsin[PmωnL1/(EmVr)]+π/2,M(s)＝1/(Js2+Dps),Kd(s)＝Emsqrt(2)exp(-1.5Ts)/[(1+s/ωi)(1+s/ωv)],Tsis the switching period; omegavAnd ωiThe cut-off frequencies of the voltage acquisition low-pass filter and the current acquisition low-pass filter are respectively.
The small-signal equivalent circuit can be obtained from fig. 1, and as shown in fig. 5, when the STATCOM/BESS is not included, the direct-drive fan grid-connected current expression is as follows:
The direct-drive fan and the power grid can independently and stably operate, and the stability of the direct-drive fan grid-connected system depends on the following formula:
According to fig. 5, when the direct-drive wind turbine grid-connected system includes the static synchronous reactive power compensator with battery energy storage as mentioned herein, the direct-drive wind turbine grid-connected current expression is as follows:
The direct-drive fan and the static synchronous reactive compensator grid-connected system with the battery energy storage can independently and stably operate, and the stability of the direct-drive fan grid-connected system depends on the following formula:
According to the formulas (1), (8) and fig. 5, the impedance amplitude-frequency characteristics of the system before and after the improved virtual synchronous machine controlled static synchronous reactive compensator with the battery energy storage to the direct-drive fan grid-connected system can be obtained and are shown in fig. 7, wherein Zgpn&ZvsgpIs impedance ZgpnAnd Zvsgpparallel equivalent of, Zgpn&2*ZvsgpIs impedance Zgpn，ZvsgpAnd ZvsgpParallel equivalence of (c). According to the formulae (10) and (12), it is possible to obtaina front-rear nyquist plot of the direct-drive fan grid-connected system to which the improved virtual synchronous machine-controlled static synchronous reactive compensator with battery energy storage is added is shown in fig. 7. As can be seen from fig. 6 and 7, when the static synchronous reactive compensator controlled by the improved virtual synchronizer and having the battery energy storage function is added to the direct-drive fan grid-connected system, the system is unstable, and the system becomes stable after the addition.
a direct-drive fan grid-connected system which is based on an RT _ LAB and comprises a static synchronous reactive compensator with a direct-current side as a storage battery is built for research, and experimental results are shown in FIGS. 8 and 9.
FIG. 8 is a grid current experimental waveform diagram of a direct-drive fan grid-connected grid line short-circuit ratio (SCR) changed from 11 to 4.
fig. 9 is a waveform diagram of a direct-drive fan grid-connected current experiment after a static synchronous reactive compensator with a storage battery on the direct current side for improving virtual synchronous machine control is added to a direct-drive fan grid-connected system.
According to the results of the practical example, the effectiveness of the direct-drive wind power plant inductive weak grid-connected subsynchronous oscillation suppression device and the control method thereof can be seen.

Claims (4)

1. A control method of a direct-drive wind power plant inductive weak grid-connected subsynchronous oscillation suppression device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Connecting an energy storage battery pack to the direct current side of the static synchronous reactive power compensator to form the static synchronous reactive power compensator with battery energy storage;
2) An active power reduction coefficient D is added to an active control loop of a traditional virtual synchronous machinewObtaining an improved static synchronous reactive compensator with battery energy storage controlled by the virtual synchronizer;
3) The method comprises the following steps of connecting a static synchronous reactive compensator with battery energy storage controlled by an improved virtual synchronizer in parallel with a direct-drive wind driven generator;
4) Collecting current i of filter inductor output by static var compensatorabcAnd a grid point voltage vabcCalculating the voltage v of the grid-connected pointabcEffective value of (V)mimprovement calculated from instantaneous power theoryActive power P emitted by a static synchronous reactive power compensator with battery energy storage controlled by a virtual synchronizervsgAnd reactive power Qvsg；
5) The effective value V of the voltage of the grid-connected pointmActive power Pvsgand reactive power QvsgAnd substituting the signal into an improved virtual synchronous machine controller to obtain a modulation signal, thereby realizing the control of the static synchronous reactive compensator with battery energy storage.
2. The control method of the direct-drive wind power plant inductive weak grid-connected subsynchronous oscillation suppression device according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step 2), the control coefficient D is controlledwDesigning according to the bandwidth of the active control loop, and selecting the parameter DwThe bandwidth of the active control loop is 5-10 Hz.
3. the control method of the direct-drive wind farm inductive weak grid-connected subsynchronous oscillation suppression device according to claim 1, characterized by increasing an active power reduction coefficient Dwthe latter virtual synchronizer controls the following equation:
Wherein, PnAnd QnRated active power and rated reactive power of the static reactive compensator, respectively, Dpand Dqrespectively an active droop coefficient and a reactive droop coefficient, TeIs an electromagnetic moment of inertia, TnFor a rated moment of inertia, K and J are respectively an active inertia coefficient and a reactive inertia coefficient, EmIs the effective value of the potential in the static reactive compensator, omeganAnd ωmRespectively nominal and actual angular frequency, thetamis the phase angle of the potential in the static var compensator.
4. The control method of the direct-drive wind farm inductive weak grid-connected subsynchronous oscillation suppression device according to claim 3, characterized in that a calculation formula of the modulation signal is as follows:
Wherein, Vdc2Is the DC side voltage of the static var compensator.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112054548A (en) * 2020-06-23 2020-12-08 湖南大学 Control method and system for LCC-HVDC power transmission system for new energy power generation
CN114583767A (en) * 2022-03-10 2022-06-03 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 Data-driven wind power plant frequency modulation response characteristic modeling method and system

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WO1996019025A1 (en) * 1994-12-30 1996-06-20 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Series compensator inserting real and reactive impedance into electric power system for damping power oscillations
CN109245147A (en) * 2018-09-17 2019-01-18 湖南大学 Accumulation energy type static synchronous compensating device and direct current transportation commutation failure suppressing method
CN109473997A (en) * 2018-12-10 2019-03-15 华北电力大学 A kind of double-fed fan motor field sub-synchronous oscillation suppression method based on source net Collaborative Control

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WO1996019025A1 (en) * 1994-12-30 1996-06-20 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Series compensator inserting real and reactive impedance into electric power system for damping power oscillations
CN109245147A (en) * 2018-09-17 2019-01-18 湖南大学 Accumulation energy type static synchronous compensating device and direct current transportation commutation failure suppressing method
CN109473997A (en) * 2018-12-10 2019-03-15 华北电力大学 A kind of double-fed fan motor field sub-synchronous oscillation suppression method based on source net Collaborative Control

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112054548A (en) * 2020-06-23 2020-12-08 湖南大学 Control method and system for LCC-HVDC power transmission system for new energy power generation
CN112054548B (en) * 2020-06-23 2022-06-07 湖南大学 Control method and system for LCC-HVDC power transmission system for new energy power generation
CN114583767A (en) * 2022-03-10 2022-06-03 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 Data-driven wind power plant frequency modulation response characteristic modeling method and system
CN114583767B (en) * 2022-03-10 2023-03-17 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 Data-driven wind power plant frequency modulation response characteristic modeling method and system

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