CN110554346A - Frequency response testing device for coaxial transmission line end matching resistance voltage divider - Google Patents
Frequency response testing device for coaxial transmission line end matching resistance voltage divider Download PDFInfo
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- CN110554346A CN110554346A CN201910721742.6A CN201910721742A CN110554346A CN 110554346 A CN110554346 A CN 110554346A CN 201910721742 A CN201910721742 A CN 201910721742A CN 110554346 A CN110554346 A CN 110554346A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R35/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
- G01R35/02—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass of auxiliary devices, e.g. of instrument transformers according to prescribed transformation ratio, phase angle, or wattage rating
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Abstract
The invention discloses a frequency response testing device for a coaxial transmission line tail end matching resistance voltage divider, which comprises a capacitance charging part, a switch part, a resistance voltage divider part and a measurement matching part which are sequentially connected, wherein the resistance voltage divider part is used for transmitting a signal to the measurement matching part after the switch part is closed, the measurement matching part outputs a square wave for frequency response testing, and the frequency response testing device for the coaxial transmission line tail end matching resistance voltage divider is provided; the tail end matching resistor is used as a high-voltage arm of the resistor divider, the resistor divider with a coaxial structure is designed at the tail end of the coaxial transmission cylinder, and the low-voltage arm adopts a PCB (printed Circuit Board) to be connected with a plurality of low-inductance chip resistors in parallel, so that stray inductance is greatly reduced, and the high-frequency characteristic of the resistor divider is improved; a compact square wave generator is designed to verify the frequency response characteristic of the resistor voltage divider.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering high voltage measurement, in particular to a frequency response testing device for a matched resistance voltage divider at the tail end of a coaxial transmission line.
Background
Very Fast Transient Overvoltage (VFTO) is commonly found in Gas Insulated Substations (GIS), and in order to ensure safety and reliability of high-voltage power transmission, it is necessary to monitor VFTO in the GIS.
Common VFTO sensors such as an embedded electrode type sensor and a hand window type sensor are arranged on a GIS bus outer barrel, and the VFTO is monitored by adopting the principle of a coupling capacitive voltage divider. In order to calibrate the frequency response characteristics of the VFTO sensor, a calibration platform of the sensor generally adopts a coaxial transmission cavity to simulate a coaxial structure of a GIS bus so as to simulate the real measurement condition.
The frequency response characteristic of the VFTO sensor is usually determined by a square wave response test method, and its calibration platform generally comprises three parts, a high-voltage square wave generator with a few nanoseconds at the front, a standard voltage divider for comparison, and a coaxial transmission cavity for mounting the VFTO sensor. The rising front edge of the square wave for calibration is fast, so that the matching condition of the wave impedance of the whole calibration platform can seriously affect the square wave, wherein the terminal resistance matching condition of the coaxial transmission cavity is one of the key positions for affecting the wave impedance matching. The good end matching is beneficial to generating flat square wave waveforms with small distortion degree, is beneficial to the calibration process and improves the accuracy of the calibration result. The invention proposes an optimized end matching housing shape.
Meanwhile, the voltage divider for comparison is designed by utilizing the tail end matching resistor, so that other structures can be avoided, factors influencing square waveform are reduced, and the frequency response characteristic of the resistor voltage divider for comparison needs to be determined so as to meet the requirement of serving as the voltage divider for comparison. The present invention therefore proposes a compact frequency response test device for this type of resistive divider.
disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a frequency response testing device for a coaxial transmission line tail end matching resistance voltage divider, and provides a gradual change type tail end matching structure of a coaxial transmission cavity when the device is applied, so that the impedance matching condition is improved; the tail end matching resistor is used as a high-voltage arm of the resistor divider, the resistor divider with a coaxial structure is designed at the tail end of the coaxial transmission cylinder, and the low-voltage arm adopts a PCB (printed Circuit Board) to be connected with a plurality of low-inductance chip resistors in parallel, so that stray inductance is greatly reduced, and the high-frequency characteristic of the resistor divider is improved; a compact square wave generator is designed to verify the frequency response characteristic of the resistor voltage divider.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
A frequency response testing arrangement for coaxial transmission line end matching resistance divider, including the electric capacity charge part, switch portion, resistance divider part and the measurement matching part that connect gradually, wherein the electric capacity charge part is used for charging for the electric capacity, switch portion is used for the on-off control that the electric capacity discharges, resistance divider part is used for when switch portion closes the back, transmits the signal to the measurement matching part, the square wave that the measurement matching part output was used for the frequency response test.
The index-type gradually-changing tail end matching structure provided by the invention is different from a common cone-type structure, and the tail end matching outer barrel is in an index type (a curve equation is shown in a specific implementation mode), so that a better matching effect can be achieved.
the basic matching idea is as follows: in the end matching structure, the characteristic impedance value corresponding to an arbitrary cross section is the same as the resistance value of the cross section reaching the end region of the matching structure. Namely, the following relationship is satisfied:
Firstly, the characteristic impedance value of the matching resistor and the characteristic impedance value of the coaxial transmission cavity are equal:
Secondly, according to the matching idea, the method meets the requirement
the two types are combined to obtain a matched outer cylinder which meets an index curve
Because standard high-voltage square waves cannot be generated at present, a voltage divider with a wider frequency band is required to be used as a comparison voltage divider in the calibration process of the VFTO sensor (or other transient signal sensors). Because the frequency band of VFTO sensors is required to be on the order of a quasi-dc to hundreds of mhz, the implementation of a resistive divider is easier than a voltage divider in such a wide frequency band.
The matching resistor is used as a high-voltage arm of the resistor divider, so that other non-coaxial structures can be prevented from being introduced into the whole structure of the calibration platform, and the distortion degree of the waveform is reduced.
For the resistance voltage divider, the stray inductance parameter of the low-voltage arm has a large influence on the high-frequency response characteristic of the resistance voltage divider, and the stray inductance of the low-voltage arm of the resistance voltage divider is reduced, so that the high-frequency performance of the resistance voltage divider is improved.
The invention designs a compact generator to verify the high-frequency performance of the resistance voltage divider at the innovation point two.
Determining the high frequency cutoff frequency of the voltage divider from the square wave response of the voltage divider is generally estimated using the following equation:
trIs the 10% -90% rise time in s of the response waveform.
The frequency component of the VFTO is from several hertz to hundreds of hertz, the high-frequency cut-off frequency of the currently known VFTO sensor can reach above 300MHz, and the square wave rise time of the corresponding square wave response test should reach below 1 ns. For a resistive divider to be used than for a resistive divider, it needs to respond better to a faster leading edge square wave. There is a need for a faster leading edge square wave generator to test against the high frequency response of a resistor divider.
In a common square wave generator, a square wave generating circuit can be simplified into an RLC series circuit, when a load resistor is fixed, the rising time of the generated square wave mainly depends on the inductance of a discharging circuit, and the smaller the inductance is, the shorter the rising time of the square wave is.
The invention adopts a compact structure to reduce the inductance of the loop as much as possible, so that the square wave rise time of the square wave generator is shorter.
further, the frequency response testing device for the terminal matching resistance voltage divider of the coaxial transmission line is characterized in that the capacitance charging part comprises a charging end BNC connector, a measuring end BNC connector, a charging resistor and a charging capacitor PCB, the charging resistor and the charging end BNC connector are connected through welding and are in compression joint on the charging capacitor PCB, an external direct-current power supply charges the charging capacitor PCB through the charging end BNC connector and the charging resistor, and the charging capacitor PCB is connected with the switch part.
Furthermore, the frequency response testing device for the matching resistance voltage divider at the tail end of the coaxial transmission line comprises an insulating support, a wet reed pipe relay and an SMA joint, wherein the wet reed pipe relay is connected with the capacitor charging part and controls discharging through the on-off of the wet reed pipe relay, the wet reed pipe relay is driven through an external magnetic field, the insulating support is wound with an excitation coil, a power supply of the excitation coil is introduced through the SMA joint, the SMA joint is a leading-out port of a conducting wire end of the excitation coil, and the on-off of the wet reed pipe relay is controlled through the driving of a direct current power supply and a current-limiting resistor.
Further, a frequency response testing arrangement for coaxial transmission line end matching resistance voltage divider, the resistance voltage divider part includes PCB backing plate, tapered transmission line inner conductor, tapered transmission line shell, terminal matching resistance, recess, terminal matching shell, low pressure arm resistance PCB board, and it is fixed that the PCB backing plate passes through the recess crimping, and terminal matching resistance, terminal matching shell and low pressure arm resistance PCB board constitute terminal matching resistance voltage divider, the upper end of terminal matching resistance voltage divider is a compact square wave source structure, and tapered transmission line inner conductor, tapered transmission line shell constitute tapered transmission line, the switch part passes through the PCB backing plate and is connected with tapered transmission line inner conductor, the switch part is closed the back, and the signal reaches terminal matching resistance through tapered transmission line.
Furthermore, the frequency response testing device is used for the matching resistance voltage divider at the tail end of the coaxial transmission line, the measuring matching part comprises a cable matching resistor, the cable matching resistor is consistent with the characteristic impedance value of the cable, is connected with the BNC connector at the measuring end through welding and is in compression joint with the low-voltage arm resistor PCB.
Furthermore, the PCB backing plate is circular and is used for fixing the positions of all parts to prevent eccentricity.
Furthermore, the PCB base plate is connected with the inner conductor of the tapered transmission line through threads.
Furthermore, the frequency response testing device is used for the voltage divider of the matching resistor at the tail end of the coaxial transmission line, and the characteristic impedance of the tapered transmission line corresponds to the resistance value of the matching resistor at the tail end.
Furthermore, the frequency response testing device is used for the matching resistance voltage divider at the tail end of the coaxial transmission line, and the groove is filled with the elastic metal gasket.
Furthermore, the frequency response testing device is used for the matching resistance voltage divider at the tail end of the coaxial transmission line, and a plurality of low-inductance chip resistors are welded on the low-voltage arm resistance PCB.
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. when the invention is applied, the invention provides a gradual change type tail end matching structure of a coaxial transmission cavity, which improves the impedance matching condition;
2. According to the invention, the tail end matching resistor is used as a high-voltage arm of the resistor divider, the resistor divider with a coaxial structure is designed at the tail end of the coaxial transmission cylinder, and the low-voltage arm adopts a PCB (printed Circuit Board) to be connected with a plurality of low-inductance chip resistors in parallel, so that stray inductance is greatly reduced, and the high-frequency characteristic of the divider is improved;
3. The invention designs a compact square wave generator to verify the frequency response characteristic of the resistance voltage divider.
drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the end-matching of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a resistor divider designed with end matched resistors and a square wave generator for verifying the performance of the divider according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a capacitor PCB and a low-voltage arm resistor PCB.
Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings:
1-charging terminal BNC connector; 2-measurement end BNC connector; 3-a charging resistor; 4-charging the capacitor PCB board; 5-an insulating support; 6-wet reed relay; 7-PCB backing plate; 8-tapered transmission line inner conductors; a 9-tapered transmission line housing; 10-matching cartridge housing; 11-a groove; 12-terminal matching resistance; 13-end mating shell; 14-low arm resistor PCB board; 15-cable matching resistance; 16-SMA joint
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not used as limitations of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the frequency response testing apparatus for the matching resistor divider at the end of the coaxial transmission line includes a capacitor charging portion, a switch portion, a resistor divider portion and a measurement matching portion, which are sequentially connected, wherein the capacitor charging portion is used for charging the capacitor, the switch portion is used for controlling on and off of capacitor discharge, the resistor divider portion is used for transmitting a signal to the measurement matching portion after the switch portion is closed, and the measurement matching portion outputs a square wave for frequency response testing. The electric capacity part of charging connects 1, measurement end BNC and connects 2, charging resistor 3 and charging capacitor PCB board 4 including charging end BNC, charging resistor 3 and charging end BNC connect 1 link to each other and the crimping is on charging capacitor PCB board 4 through the welding, and external DC power supply passes through charging end BNC connects 1 and charging resistor 3 charges to charging capacitor PCB board 4, charging capacitor PCB board 4 with the switch part is connected. The switch part includes insulating support 5, wet reed pipe relay 6 and SMA connects 16, wet reed pipe relay 6 with the electric capacity part of charging is connected, controls through the break-make of wet reed pipe relay 6 and discharges, and wet reed pipe relay 6 is through the drive of external application magnetic field, and insulating support 5 is around there being excitation coil, and excitation coil's power is introduced by SMA joint 16, and SMA connects 16 and is the outlet of excitation coil wire end, through DC power supply and current-limiting resistor drive, controls wet reed pipe relay 6's the breaking. The resistance voltage divider part includes PCB backing plate 7, the interior conductor of tapered transmission line 8, tapered transmission line shell 9, terminal matched resistor 12, recess 11, terminal matched shell 13, low pressure arm resistance PCB board 14, and PCB backing plate 7 is fixed through the 11 crimping of recess, and terminal matched resistor 12, terminal matched shell 13 and low pressure arm resistance PCB board 14 constitute terminal matched resistor voltage divider, the upper end of terminal matched resistor voltage divider is a compact square wave source structure, and tapered transmission line is constituteed to tapered transmission line interior conductor 8, tapered transmission line shell 9, the switch part passes through PCB backing plate 7 and is connected with tapered transmission line interior conductor 8, the closed back of switch part, the signal reaches terminal matched resistor 12 through tapered transmission line. The measurement matching part comprises a cable matching resistor 15, the cable matching resistor 15 is consistent with the characteristic impedance value of the cable, is connected with the BNC connector 2 of the measurement end through welding, and is in pressure joint with the low-voltage arm resistor PCB 14. The PCB backing plate 7 is circular and used for fixing the positions of all parts to prevent eccentricity. The PCB pad plate 7 is connected with the conical transmission line inner conductor 8 through threads. The characteristic impedance of the tapered transmission line corresponds to the resistance of the end matching resistor 12. The groove 11 is filled with an elastic metal gasket. And a plurality of low-inductance chip resistors are welded on the low-voltage arm resistor PCB 14. And the wet reed pipe relay 6 is connected with the charging capacitor PCB 4, and the wet reed pipe relay 6 is connected with the conical transmission line inner conductor 8 through a PCB base plate 7.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1, the end matching is performed by the following method, and the diameter of the matching resistor is consistent with the diameter of the conductor in the transmission cavity, where in fig. 1, a is the inner diameter of the outer conductor of the coaxial transmission cavity, b is the outer diameter of the conductor in the coaxial transmission cavity, L is the length of the matching resistor, and y is the inner diameter of the end matching cylinder corresponding to the section at the position x away from the end. In the invention, each parameter satisfies the following relation:
As shown in fig. 2, the terminal matching resistor 12, the terminal matching housing 13 and the low-voltage arm resistor PCB 14 form a terminal matching resistor voltage divider, the PCB structure of the low-voltage arm resistor greatly reduces the stray inductance of the low-voltage arm, which is beneficial to improving the high-frequency performance of the resistor voltage divider, the upper end of the resistor voltage divider is a compact square wave source structure, the dc power supply charges the charging capacitor PCB 4 through the charging terminal BNC connector 1 and the charging resistor 3, the discharging is controlled by the on-off of the wet reed relay 6, the wet reed relay 6 is driven by an external magnetic field, the insulating bracket 5 is wound with an excitation coil, the power supply of the coil is introduced by the SMA connector 16, and the circular PCB backing plate 7 is used for fixing the positions to prevent eccentricity. After the switch is closed, the signal reaches the end matching resistor 12 through a tapered transmission line with characteristic impedance matching. The whole testing device is compact in structure, small in size, small in loop inductance, short in rising front edge of generated square waves for frequency response testing, and wider in testable frequency band. BNC connects and links to each other with the casing through the screw, and charging resistor 3 and charge end BNC connect 1 link to each other and the crimping on charging capacitor PCB board 4 through the welding, the above-mentioned part that charges for the electric capacity. The insulating support 5 is wound into a coil by a wire, the opening and the closing of the wet reed pipe relay 6 are controlled by the driving of a direct-current power supply and a current-limiting resistor, the SMA connector 16 is an outlet of a wire end of the coil, and the size of the whole device is favorably reduced by utilizing the wet reed pipe relay 6. This is a switching section. The PCB base plate 7 is fixed through the compression joint of the grooves 11 of the upper shell and the lower shell and is connected with the inner conductor 8 of the cone-shaped transmission line through threads, and the PCB base plate plays a role in positioning the inner conductor 8 of the cone-shaped transmission line and the wet reed relay 6. The inner conductor 8 and the outer shell 9 of the conical transmission line form the conical transmission line, and the characteristic impedance of the conical transmission line corresponds to the resistance value of the tail end matching resistor 12. The groove 11 is filled with an elastic metal gasket to ensure that the inner conductor 8 and the tail end matching resistor 12 of the tapered transmission line can be stably connected through screws, and the low-voltage arm resistor PCB 14 is welded with a plurality of low-inductance chip resistors to reduce the stray inductance of the low-voltage arm of the resistor divider and improve the high-frequency performance. This is a resistive divider portion. The cable matching resistor 15 is consistent with the characteristic impedance value of the cable, connected with the BNC connector 2 at the measuring end through welding, and pressed on the low-voltage arm resistor PCB 14 in a pressing mode. This is the measurement matching portion. The whole frequency response device integrates the generation and the measurement of square waves, has compact structure and is beneficial to generating the square waves with shorter rise time.
The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The frequency response testing device for the matching resistor voltage divider at the tail end of the coaxial transmission line is characterized by comprising a capacitor charging part, a switch part, a resistor voltage divider part and a measurement matching part which are sequentially connected, wherein the capacitor charging part is used for charging a capacitor, the switch part is used for on-off control of capacitor discharging, the resistor voltage divider part is used for transmitting a signal to the measurement matching part after the switch part is closed, and the measurement matching part outputs a square wave for frequency response testing.
2. The frequency response testing device for the matched resistor voltage divider at the end of the coaxial transmission line according to claim 1, wherein the capacitive charging part comprises a charging terminal BNC connector (1), a measuring terminal BNC connector (2), a charging resistor (3) and a charging capacitor PCB (4), the charging resistor (3) and the charging terminal BNC connector (1) are connected by welding and pressed on the charging capacitor PCB (4), an external direct current power supply charges the charging capacitor PCB (4) through the charging terminal BNC connector (1) and the charging resistor (3), and the charging capacitor PCB (4) is connected with the switch part.
3. The frequency response testing device for the matched resistance voltage divider at the end of the coaxial transmission line according to claim 1, wherein the switch part comprises an insulating bracket (5), a wet reed relay (6) and an SMA connector (16), the wet reed relay (6) is connected with the capacitor charging part, the discharging is controlled by the on-off of the wet reed relay (6), the wet reed relay (6) is driven by an external magnetic field, the insulating bracket (5) is wound with an excitation coil, the power supply of the excitation coil is led in by the SMA connector (16), the SMA connector (16) is an outlet of a lead end of the excitation coil, and the on-off of the wet reed relay (6) is controlled by the driving of a direct current power supply and a current limiting resistor.
4. The frequency response testing device for the coaxial transmission line terminal matching resistance voltage divider according to claim 1, wherein the resistance voltage divider portion comprises a PCB pad (7), a conical transmission line inner conductor (8), a conical transmission line housing (9), a terminal matching resistor (12), a groove (11), a terminal matching housing (13), and a low-voltage arm resistance PCB (14), the PCB pad (7) is fixed by crimping through the groove (11), the terminal matching resistor (12), the terminal matching housing (13), and the low-voltage arm resistance PCB (14) form the terminal matching resistance voltage divider, the upper end of the terminal matching resistance voltage divider is of a compact square wave source structure, the conical transmission line inner conductor (8) and the conical transmission line housing (9) form a conical transmission line, and the switch portion is connected with the conical transmission line inner conductor (8) through the PCB pad (7), after the switch part is closed, the signal reaches the tail end matching resistor (12) through the tapered transmission line.
5. The frequency response testing device for the matched resistor divider at the end of the coaxial transmission line according to claim 4, wherein the measuring matching part comprises a cable matching resistor (15), the cable matching resistor (15) is consistent with the characteristic impedance value of the cable, is connected with the BNC connector (2) at the measuring end by welding, and is pressed on the low-voltage arm resistor PCB (14).
6. the frequency response test device for the matched resistor divider at the end of coaxial transmission line according to claim 4, wherein the PCB pad (7) is circular for fixing the position of each part to prevent eccentricity.
7. the frequency response test device for the matched resistor divider at the end of the coaxial transmission line according to claim 4, wherein the PCB pad (7) is connected with the tapered transmission line inner conductor (8) through threads.
8. The frequency response test device for the coaxial transmission line end matching resistor divider according to claim 4, characterized in that the characteristic impedance of the tapered transmission line corresponds to the resistance of the end matching resistor (12).
9. The frequency response testing device for the matched resistor divider at the end of the coaxial transmission line according to claim 4, wherein the groove (11) is filled with an elastic metal gasket.
10. The frequency response testing device for the matched resistor divider at the end of the coaxial transmission line according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of low-inductance chip resistors are soldered on the low-voltage arm resistor PCB board (14).
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| CN112433129A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-03-02 | 国网宁夏电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | High-speed switch for simulating VFTO conduction miniature experiment device of GIS equipment |
| CN112433129B (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2022-07-26 | 国网宁夏电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | High-speed switch for simulating VFTO conduction miniature experiment device of GIS equipment |
| CN113589014A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-11-02 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Square wave response device of resistance-capacitance voltage divider, square wave response optimization method and system |
| CN113589014B (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2024-02-13 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Square wave response device of resistance-capacitance voltage divider, square wave response optimization method and system |
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