CN110553927A - Adjustable torsion load coordination loading system - Google Patents
Adjustable torsion load coordination loading system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110553927A CN110553927A CN201910952986.5A CN201910952986A CN110553927A CN 110553927 A CN110553927 A CN 110553927A CN 201910952986 A CN201910952986 A CN 201910952986A CN 110553927 A CN110553927 A CN 110553927A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/22—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady torsional forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0021—Torsional
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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Abstract
The invention discloses an adjustable torsion load coordination loading system, which relates to the field of torsion strength testing, and comprises: the device comprises a hollow test frame, a plurality of pulleys, a steel cable, a test model, two tension sensors and a hydraulic loading oil cylinder; the test model is arranged in the hollow part of the test frame, the pulleys and the hydraulic loading oil cylinder are arranged on the inner wall of the test frame and are positioned on a loading section of the test model, the steel cable is tightened to generate tensile force through the loading of the hydraulic loading oil cylinder, the tensile force with opposite directions and the same magnitude is generated at two anti-symmetrical force application positions of the test model simultaneously, so that the test model presents pure torsional deformation, the torsional load is obtained through the measurement of the tension sensor, the synchronous coordinated loading of the torsional load is realized, the tensile direction is freely changed along with the increase of the load through the free rotation of the rotating assembly connected with the steel cable, and the detachable connection among all the parts meets the loading requirements of the test models with different scales.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of torsional strength testing, in particular to an adjustable torsional load coordination loading system.
Background
The torsional strength is an important index for evaluating the safety performance of the hull structure, and reflects the capability of the hull structure for bearing torsional load, and particularly the torsional resistance of the structure of large-opening ships such as container ships and bulk carriers is more important. As an effective means for researching the performance of a ship structure, a large-scale steel shrinkage model test can reflect the stress response of an actual structure under load, the stress distribution state of a high-stress area, the load transfer rule and the like, so that the steel shrinkage model torsional strength test research needs to be carried out. In the steel scaling model torsional strength test, generally adopt the fixed arm of force, realize torsional load through the hydro-cylinder loading, the shortcoming of this mode is: one) limits the loading direction and cannot realize follow-up loading. When the model is twisted to generate large deformation, the load bearing direction of the model is changed, but the loading direction of the oil cylinder is unchanged, so that the loading capacity of the torsional load is limited, and the oil cylinder can be deformed and damaged when the loading capacity is serious. Secondly), when a single force arm is adopted for loading, the model can generate bending and twisting combined deformation, and difficulty is brought to the analysis of the torsional strength. And thirdly) when double-force-arm anti-symmetric loading is adopted, due to the influence of elastic deformation of the structure, synchronous coordination and application of loads of the two force arms are difficult, so that the precision of a test result is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an adjustable torsion load coordination loading system aiming at the problems and the technical requirements, and the system can realize the torsion load coordination loading of steel model tests with different scales and provide a loading means for the implementation of the torsion load model tests. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
An adjustable torsion load coordination loading system comprises a hollow test frame, a plurality of pulleys, a rotating assembly, a steel cable, a test model, two tension sensors and a hydraulic loading oil cylinder; one end of the test model is fixed, and the other end of the test model is suspended in the hollow part in the test frame; the pulley and the hydraulic loading oil cylinder are arranged on the inner wall of the test frame and are positioned on the loading section of the test model, the pulley is arranged at the telescopic end of the hydraulic loading oil cylinder, the telescopic direction of the hydraulic loading oil cylinder is perpendicular to the arranged inner wall, one end of the steel cable is connected with a first acting position of the test model through a first rotating assembly, the other end of the steel cable sequentially bypasses the pulleys and is connected to a second acting position of the test model through a second rotating assembly, the first acting position and the second acting position are symmetrically arranged on the loading section of the test model relative to the torsion center, and the pulley closest to the first acting position and the pulley closest to the second acting position are symmetrically arranged on the loading section of the test model relative to the torsion center; the first tension sensor is arranged on a steel cable between the telescopic end of the hydraulic loading oil cylinder and a first force application position, and the second tension sensor is arranged on the steel cable between the telescopic end of the hydraulic loading oil cylinder and a second force application position; the loading force of the hydraulic loading oil cylinder on the steel cable generates pulling forces with opposite directions and the same magnitude at the first force application position and the second force application position of the test model.
The test frame comprises a first support, a second support and a loading base, wherein the first support and the second support are arranged on the loading base, and a preset distance is formed between the first support and the second support to form a hollow interior of the test frame; the first support and the second support adopt a support reaction frame, the support reaction frame adopts a hollowed right-angled triangle structure, the hollowed right-angled triangle structure is formed by welding square steels, I-shaped steels are respectively arranged on two right-angle sides of the hollowed right-angled triangle structure, and a toggle plate is arranged between two panels of the I-shaped steels; the loading base is made of I-shaped steel with toggle plates arranged between panels.
The further technical scheme is that the first support and/or the second support are/is detachably connected with the loading base, and each pulley and the hydraulic loading oil cylinder are/is detachably mounted on the inner wall of the test frame.
The further technical scheme is that a first pulley is installed on the inner wall of a first support, a second pulley and a third pulley are installed on the inner wall of a second support, the second pulley and the third pulley are stacked vertically to the inner wall of the second support, and the first pulley and the third pulley stacked on the outer side are arranged in a reverse symmetry mode relative to a torsion center on a loading section of the test model; the fourth pulley is located under the first pulley and is installed on the first support or the loading base, the fifth pulley is located under the second pulley and is installed on the second support or the loading base, the hydraulic loading oil cylinder is installed in the middle of the fourth pulley and the fifth pulley, the hydraulic loading oil steel is installed on the loading base, and the sixth pulley is installed at the telescopic end of the hydraulic loading oil cylinder.
The further technical scheme is that the first rotating assembly comprises a first lifting lug and a first shackle, the second rotating assembly comprises a second lifting lug and a second shackle, the steel cables comprise a first steel cable, a second steel cable and a third steel cable, the loading section of the test model is oppositely and symmetrically provided with the first lifting lug and the second lifting lug along the torsion center of the test model, and the positions of the first lifting lug and the second lifting lug respectively correspond to a first force application position and a second force application position; the first lifting lug is connected with one end of a first steel cable through a first shackle, one end of a first tension sensor is connected with the other end of the first steel cable, the other end of the first tension sensor is connected with one end of a second steel cable, the second steel cable bypasses each pulley in sequence, the other end of the second steel cable is connected with one end of a second tension sensor, the other end of the second tension sensor is connected with one end of a third steel cable, and the other end of the third steel cable is connected with the second lifting lug through a second shackle.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
According to the adjustable coordinated torsion load loading system, the pulley closest to the lifting lug and the lifting lug are arranged in an anti-symmetric manner relative to the torsion center of the loading section of the test model, the stroke of the pulley arranged on the hydraulic oil cylinder is increased through loading of the hydraulic oil cylinder, and then the steel cable on the pulley is tightened to generate tension, so that the relative distance between the lifting lug and the pulley on the inner wall of the reaction support is reduced, and the tension with opposite directions and the same magnitude is generated at two anti-symmetric acting positions of the test model at the same time, so that the test model only presents pure torsion deformation, namely synchronous coordinated loading of the torsion load is realized; the shackle connected with the lifting lug can rotate freely, so that the tension direction can change freely along with the increase of the load, namely the follow-up loading limitation in the torsion load loading process is overcome; the loading requirements of test models with different scale scales can be met by adjusting the distance between the two supporting and reaction frames and the relative position of each pulley.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an adjustable torsion load coordination loading system disclosed in the present application.
Fig. 2A is an enlarged view of the structure of fig. 1 at the dashed box 31.
Fig. 2B is an enlarged view of the structure of fig. 1 at dashed box 32.
FIG. 3 is a top view of the adjustable torsional load coordinated loading system disclosed herein.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a reaction frame and a cross-sectional view a-a thereof as disclosed herein.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a loading base disclosed herein and a schematic cross-sectional view B-B, C-C thereof.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating operation of the adjustable coordinated torsional load loading system disclosed herein.
Detailed Description
The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-4, as shown in fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of the adjustable torsion load coordination loading system disclosed in the present application is shown. The system comprises a hollow test frame, a plurality of pulleys, a steel cable, a test model 1, two tension sensors and a hydraulic loading oil cylinder 2, wherein the test model 1 can be a steel scaling model of a hull structure, and is more suitable for the torsional strength test research of the hull structure. One end of the test model 1 is fixed, the other end of the test model 1 is suspended in the hollow part of the test frame, and the reserved hollow space in the test frame meets the volume of the test model 1 and the space of the torsional deformation of the test model; the pulleys and the hydraulic loading oil cylinder 2 are installed on the inner wall of the test frame and are all located on the loading section of the test model 1. The pulley is arranged at the telescopic end of the hydraulic loading oil cylinder 2, the telescopic direction of the hydraulic loading oil cylinder 2 is perpendicular to the installed inner wall of the hydraulic loading oil cylinder, one end of a steel cable is connected with a first acting position of the test model 1 through a first rotating assembly, the other end of the steel cable sequentially bypasses the pulleys and then is connected with a second acting position of the test model 1 through a second rotating assembly, the first acting position and the second acting position are arranged in a reverse symmetry mode relative to a torsion center on a loading section of the test model 1, and the pulley closest to the first acting position and the pulley closest to the second acting position are arranged in a reverse symmetry mode relative to the torsion center on the loading section of the test model 1, wherein the pulley closest to the acting position is the first pulley through which the steel cable connected at the acting position passes. The first tension sensor 4 is arranged on a steel cable between the telescopic end of the hydraulic loading oil cylinder 2 and a first force application position, and the second tension sensor 5 is arranged on the steel cable between the telescopic end of the hydraulic loading oil cylinder 2 and a second force application position; the loading force of the hydraulic loading oil cylinder 2 on the steel cable generates opposite pulling forces with the same magnitude at the first force application position and the second force application position of the test model 1. The test model 1 is in pure torsional deformation due to the same moment arm and tension, and the torsional load of the test model 1 is obtained through the tension sensor arranged on the steel cable.
In this application, the test frame includes first support 6, second support 7 and loading base 8, and first support 6 and second support 7 adopt a reaction frame, and first support 6 and second support 7 are installed on loading base 8, and the inside cavity of test frame is formed to the interval predetermined distance between first support 6 and the second support 7, and this distance should satisfy the volume of test model 1 and its space of torsional deformation. Referring to fig. 4, a schematic diagram of a reaction frame disclosed in the present application is shown, the reaction frame adopts a hollowed-out right-angled triangle structure, as shown in a schematic sectional view a-a of fig. 4, the hollowed-out right-angled triangle structure is formed by welding square steels 9, i-beams 10 are respectively arranged on two right-angled sides of the hollowed-out right-angled triangle structure, bolt holes 12 for mounting bolts 11 are arranged on the i-beams 10, and a toggle plate 13 is installed between two panels of the i-beams 10. Referring to fig. 3, which shows a top view of the adjustable torsion load coordination loading system disclosed in the present application, a loading base 8 spans below a test model 1, a longitudinal section of the loading base 8 and a loading section of the test model 1 are on the same section, and a bolt hole 12 is provided on the loading base 8, so as to facilitate the detachment and connection of each pulley and a hydraulic loading cylinder 2 thereon, and all the pulleys and the hydraulic loading cylinders 2 are mounted on the inner wall of a test frame and are on the loading section of the test model 1. Referring to fig. 5, which shows a schematic view of a loading base disclosed herein and a schematic cross-sectional view B-B, C-C thereof, a loading base 8 is constructed using an i-beam 10 having a toggle plate 13 mounted between the panels. The test frame formed by the square steel 9, the I-shaped steel 10 and the toggle plate 13 is more stable and firm as a whole, and other external forces are not doped in the test process. The first support 6 and/or the second support 7 are/is detachably connected with the loading base 8, and each pulley and each hydraulic loading oil cylinder 2 are respectively detachably mounted on the inner wall of the test frame, namely, each pulley and each hydraulic loading oil cylinder 2 can move on the first support 6, the second support 7 and the loading base 8, so that the loading requirements of different test models 1 on scale scales are met.
as shown in fig. 1, a first pulley 14 is mounted on the inner wall of the first bracket 6, a second pulley 15 and a third pulley 16 are mounted on the inner wall of the second bracket 7, the second pulley 15 and the third pulley 16 are stacked perpendicular to the inner wall of the second bracket 7, in this arrangement, the first pulley 14 is the pulley closest to the first force application position, the third pulley 16 stacked on the outside is the pulley closest to the second force application position, and the first pulley 14 and the third pulley 16 stacked on the outside are arranged in an anti-symmetric manner with respect to the torsion center on the loading section of the test model 1; the fourth pulley 17 is positioned right below the first pulley 14 and is installed on the first support 6 or the loading base 8, the fifth pulley 18 is positioned right below the second pulley 15 and is installed on the second support 7 or the loading base 8, the hydraulic loading oil cylinder 2 is installed at the middle position of the fourth pulley 17 and the fifth pulley 18, in the application, the fourth pulley 17, the fifth pulley 18 and the hydraulic loading oil steel 2 are all installed on the loading base 8, and the sixth pulley 19 is installed at the telescopic end of the hydraulic loading oil cylinder 2.
Fig. 2A shows an enlarged view of a structure of a broken-line frame 31 at the joint of the wire rope and the test model 1 in fig. 1, and fig. 2B shows an enlarged view of a structure of a broken-line frame 32. Wherein the first rotating assembly comprises a first lifting lug 20 and a first shackle 21, the second rotating assembly comprises a second lifting lug 22 and a second shackle 23, the loading section of the test model 1 is formed by arranging the first lifting lug 20 and the second lifting lug 22 along the torsion center of the test model 1 in an anti-symmetric manner, the positions of the first lifting lug 20 and the second lifting lug 22 respectively correspond to a first force application position and a second force application position, in the present application, the first lug 20 and the second lug 22 are arranged on the side of the test model 1 in anti-symmetry with respect to the torsional center of the loading profile of the test model 1, where the moment arm is the largest, alternatively, the first tab 20 and the second tab 22 may be moved on the loading profile along the longitudinal torsion center axis of the test model 1 from the side of the test model 1 to the torsion center (except the torsion center position where the test model 1 is not torsionally deformed but is purely tensile). The first lifting lug 20 is connected with one end of a first steel cable 24 through a first shackle 21, one end of a first tension sensor 4 is connected with the other end of the first steel cable 24, the other end of the first tension sensor 4 is connected with one end of a second steel cable 25, the application adopts a tension sensor integrated with shackle, and the tension sensor is provided with a sensor lead 26 and can be connected to a computer or other equipment to derive data collected by the tension sensor. The second steel cable 25 sequentially passes around the first pulley 14, the fourth pulley 17, the sixth pulley 19, the fifth pulley 18, the second pulley 15 and the third pulley 16, the other end of the second steel cable 25 is connected to one end of the second tension sensor 5, the other end of the second tension sensor 5 is connected with one end of the third steel cable 27, and the other end of the third steel cable 27 is connected with the second lifting lug 22 through the second shackle 23.
referring to fig. 6, which shows a schematic operation diagram of the adjustable torsion load coordination loading system disclosed in the present application, in an initial state, the hydraulic loading cylinder 2 is slowly loaded in the arrow direction until the second wire rope 25 is in a tightened state, and no tension is generated at this time. In the working state, the hydraulic loading oil cylinder 2 is continuously loaded, so that the second steel cable 25 generates tensile force and continuously increases, the relative distance between the lifting lug and the pulley on the inner wall of the bracket is reduced, the force application positions of the first lifting lug 20 and the second lifting lug 22 simultaneously generate tensile force with opposite directions and the same size, the test model 1 moves along the direction of the arrow, namely pure torsional deformation is presented, namely synchronous coordinated loading of torsional load is realized, and the shackle connected at the lifting lug can freely rotate, so that the tensile force direction can freely change along with the increase of load, namely the follow-up loading limitation in the torsional load loading process is overcome.
What has been described above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. It is to be understood that other modifications and variations directly derivable or suggested by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and concept of the present invention are to be considered as included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. An adjustable coordinated torsion load loading system is characterized by comprising a hollow test frame, a plurality of pulleys, a rotating assembly, a steel cable, a test model, two tension sensors and a hydraulic loading oil cylinder; one end of the test model is fixed, and the other end of the test model is suspended in the hollow part in the test frame; the pulleys and the hydraulic loading oil cylinder are arranged on the inner wall of the test frame and are positioned on the loading section of the test model, pulleys are arranged at the telescopic end of the hydraulic loading oil cylinder, the telescopic direction of the hydraulic loading oil cylinder is vertical to the inner wall on which the hydraulic loading oil cylinder is arranged, one end of the steel cable is connected with a first force application position of the test model through a first rotating assembly, the other end of the steel cable sequentially rounds the pulleys and then is connected with a second force application position of the test model through a second rotating assembly, the first and second force application positions are arranged in anti-symmetry with respect to a torsion center on a loading section of the test model, and the pulley nearest to the first force application position and the pulley nearest to the second force application position are arranged in an anti-symmetric manner relative to the torsion center on the loading section of the test model; the first tension sensor is arranged on the steel cable between the telescopic end of the hydraulic loading oil cylinder and the first force application position, and the second tension sensor is arranged on the steel cable between the telescopic end of the hydraulic loading oil cylinder and the second force application position; the loading force of the hydraulic loading oil cylinder on the steel cable generates pulling forces with opposite directions and the same magnitude at the first force application position and the second force application position of the test model.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the test frame comprises a first bracket, a second bracket, and a loading base, the first bracket and the second bracket being mounted on the loading base with a predetermined distance therebetween forming an interior void of the test frame; the first support and the second support are reaction supports, each reaction support is of a hollowed-out right-angled triangular structure, each hollowed-out right-angled triangular structure is formed by welding square steels, I-shaped steels are arranged on two right-angle sides of each hollowed-out right-angled triangular structure respectively, and a toggle plate is arranged between two panels of each I-shaped steel; the loading base is made of I-shaped steel with toggle plates arranged between panels.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the first support and/or the second support is detachably connected with the loading base, and each pulley and the hydraulic loading cylinder are detachably mounted on the inner wall of the test frame.
4. The system according to claim 2, wherein a first pulley is mounted on an inner wall of the first bracket, a second pulley and a third pulley are mounted on an inner wall of the second bracket, the second pulley and the third pulley are stacked perpendicularly to an inner wall of the second bracket, and the first pulley and the third pulley stacked outside are arranged in an anti-symmetric manner with respect to a torsion center on a loading section of the test model; the fourth pulley is located under the first pulley and installs on the first support or on the loading base, the fifth pulley is located under the second pulley and installs on the second support or on the loading base, hydraulic loading cylinder installs the fourth pulley with the positive intermediate position of fifth pulley, hydraulic loading oilsteel is installed on the loading base, and the sixth pulley is installed hydraulic loading cylinder's flexible end department.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the first rotating assembly comprises a first lifting lug and a first shackle, the second rotating assembly comprises a second lifting lug and a second shackle, the wire ropes comprise a first wire rope, a second wire rope and a third wire rope, the loading profile of the test model is formed by arranging the first lifting lug and the second lifting lug along the torsion center of the test model in an anti-symmetric manner, and the positions of the first lifting lug and the second lifting lug correspond to the first force application position and the second force application position respectively; the first lifting lug is connected with one end of the first steel cable through the first shackle, the other end of the first steel cable is connected with one end of the first tension sensor, the other end of the first tension sensor is connected with one end of the second steel cable, the second steel cable sequentially bypasses the pulleys, the other end of the second steel cable is connected to one end of the second tension sensor, the other end of the second tension sensor is connected with one end of the third steel cable, and the other end of the third steel cable is connected with the second lifting lug through the second shackle.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910952986.5A CN110553927A (en) | 2019-10-09 | 2019-10-09 | Adjustable torsion load coordination loading system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910952986.5A CN110553927A (en) | 2019-10-09 | 2019-10-09 | Adjustable torsion load coordination loading system |
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| CN110553927A true CN110553927A (en) | 2019-12-10 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113029799A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-06-25 | 武汉理工大学 | Detachable surface load loading device |
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