CN110553783A - Pressure sensor for vehicle and pressure measuring method - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种用于车辆的压力传感器以及压力测量方法,测量成本低,测量精度高。所述压力传感器包括壳体和设于壳体内的基座、第一、二感测元件和压力信号处理装置,第一、二感测元件和压力信号处理装置均设于基座上,压力信号处理装置分别与第一、二感测元件连接,所述压力测量方法包括:通过第一感测元件感知发动机颗粒捕捉器的上、下游间气体的压力差,并将气体的压力差信息反馈至压力信号处理装置;通过第二感测元件感知发动机颗粒捕捉器下游处气体的绝对压力,并将绝对压力信息反馈至压力信号处理装置;所述压力信号处理装置将接收到的气体的压力差信息与绝对压力信息进行处理,以使得压力差信息与绝对压力信息能够通过一路信号输出。
The invention provides a pressure sensor for vehicles and a pressure measurement method, which have low measurement cost and high measurement accuracy. The pressure sensor includes a housing and a base located in the housing, first and second sensing elements and a pressure signal processing device, the first and second sensing elements and the pressure signal processing device are all arranged on the base, and the pressure signal The processing device is respectively connected to the first and second sensing elements, and the pressure measurement method includes: sensing the pressure difference between the upstream and downstream of the engine particle trap through the first sensing element, and feeding back the pressure difference information of the gas to Pressure signal processing device; sense the absolute pressure of the gas at the downstream of the engine particulate trap through the second sensing element, and feed back the absolute pressure information to the pressure signal processing device; the pressure signal processing device will receive the pressure difference information of the gas Process with the absolute pressure information, so that the pressure difference information and the absolute pressure information can be output through one signal.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及汽车技术领域,尤其涉及一种压力传感器以及压力测量方法。The invention relates to the technical field of automobiles, in particular to a pressure sensor and a pressure measurement method.
背景技术Background technique
随着国内汽车数量的不断增加,尾气造成的环境污染问题日趋严重,因此,国家对汽车尾气排放的标准也不断更新,日渐严格。“国六”目前已正式公布并将从2020年开始全面实施。为了满足新排放法规关于PM(颗粒物排放)的限值要求,目前人们公知的技术方案是在汽油发动机排气管路上加装汽油发动机颗粒捕捉器(简称GPF:Gasoline ParticulateFilter)。With the continuous increase of the number of domestic automobiles, the environmental pollution caused by exhaust gas is becoming more and more serious. Therefore, the national standards for automobile exhaust emissions are constantly updated and stricter. "National VI" has been officially announced and will be fully implemented from 2020. In order to meet the PM (particulate matter emission) limit requirements of the new emission regulations, the currently known technical solution is to install a gasoline engine particulate filter (GPF: Gasoline Particulate Filter for short) on the exhaust pipe of the gasoline engine.
GPF虽然可以有效的捕集汽车排气中的颗粒物,但随着捕集颗粒物的增加,排气被压会升高,影响发动机的动力性和经济性。因此,当GPF中的颗粒累积到一定程度时,需要提高发动机排温,使GPF中的颗粒物氧化燃烧,即GPF再生。进而,为了触发GPF的再生以及满足车载诊断系统(OBD)的要求,需要精确测量GPF上下游的压力差。此外,为了监测GPF连接管路状态以及满足OBD诊断要求,还需要测量GPF下游的绝对压力。Although GPF can effectively trap particulate matter in automobile exhaust, with the increase of captured particulate matter, the pressure of exhaust gas will increase, which will affect the power and economy of the engine. Therefore, when the particles in the GPF accumulate to a certain extent, it is necessary to increase the exhaust temperature of the engine to oxidize and burn the particles in the GPF, that is, to regenerate the GPF. Furthermore, in order to trigger the regeneration of the GPF and meet the requirements of the on-board diagnostic system (OBD), it is necessary to accurately measure the pressure difference between the upstream and downstream of the GPF. In addition, in order to monitor the state of the GPF connection pipeline and meet the OBD diagnostic requirements, it is also necessary to measure the absolute pressure downstream of the GPF.
为了满足上述测量要求,目前已知的方案之一是使用两个压力传感器,其中一个测量GPF上下游的压力差,另外一个测量GPF下游的绝对压力,但该方案的缺点是需要两套压力传感器及多个连接管路,同时还需要占用两路ECU接口,显著增加了系统成本。另外一种方案是在同一个压力传感器中使用两个压力传感模块分别测量GPF上游和下游的绝对压力,并将两路绝对压力信号反馈至ECU。显然,在第二种方案中,需要通过ECU做额外的运算才能得到期望的GPF上下游的压力差,且该运算的误差为两个压力传感模块单独测量误差的累积,因此,压力差的精度低,不能满足OBD诊断要求。In order to meet the above measurement requirements, one of the currently known solutions is to use two pressure sensors, one of which measures the pressure difference upstream and downstream of the GPF, and the other measures the absolute pressure downstream of the GPF, but the disadvantage of this solution is that two sets of pressure sensors are required And multiple connecting pipelines, and it also needs to occupy two ECU interfaces, which significantly increases the system cost. Another solution is to use two pressure sensing modules in the same pressure sensor to measure the absolute pressure upstream and downstream of the GPF respectively, and feed back the two absolute pressure signals to the ECU. Obviously, in the second scheme, the ECU needs to do additional calculations to obtain the desired pressure difference between the upstream and downstream of the GPF, and the error of this calculation is the accumulation of the individual measurement errors of the two pressure sensing modules. Therefore, the pressure difference The accuracy is low and cannot meet the requirements of OBD diagnosis.
发明内容Contents of the invention
有鉴于此,本发明提供一种用于车辆的压力传感器以及压力测量方法,无需运算便可直接测量发动机颗粒捕捉器之上下游的压力差,而且无需配置过多的连接管路,同时仅需占用一路ECU接口便可,因此,系统成本低,且测量精度高。In view of this, the present invention provides a pressure sensor and a pressure measurement method for a vehicle, which can directly measure the pressure difference between the upper and lower reaches of the engine particle trap without calculation, and do not need to configure too many connecting pipelines, and at the same time only need It only needs to occupy one ECU interface, so the system cost is low and the measurement accuracy is high.
根据本发明的一个方面,提供一种用于车辆的压力传感器,包括壳体以及设于所述壳体内的基座、第一感测元件、第二感测元件和压力信号处理装置,所述第一感测元件、第二感测元件和压力信号处理装置均设于所述基座上,所述压力信号处理装置分别与所述第一感测元件和第二感测元件连接;According to one aspect of the present invention, a pressure sensor for a vehicle is provided, including a housing, a base disposed in the housing, a first sensing element, a second sensing element and a pressure signal processing device, the The first sensing element, the second sensing element and the pressure signal processing device are all arranged on the base, and the pressure signal processing device is respectively connected to the first sensing element and the second sensing element;
其中,所述第一感测元件用于感知发动机颗粒捕捉器的上游与下游间的气体的压力差,并将气体的压力差信息反馈至所述压力信号处理装置;所述第二感测元件用于感知所述发动机颗粒捕捉器下游处的气体的绝对压力,并将绝对压力信息反馈至所述压力信号处理装置;所述压力信号处理装置用于将接收到的气体的压力差信息与绝对压力信息进行处理,以使得所述压力差信息与绝对压力信息能够通过一路信号输出。Wherein, the first sensing element is used to sense the pressure difference of the gas between the upstream and downstream of the engine particle trap, and feed back the information of the pressure difference of the gas to the pressure signal processing device; the second sensing element It is used to sense the absolute pressure of the gas downstream of the engine particle trap, and feed back the absolute pressure information to the pressure signal processing device; the pressure signal processing device is used to compare the received pressure difference information of the gas with the absolute pressure The pressure information is processed so that the pressure difference information and absolute pressure information can be output through one signal.
进一步的,所述壳体内设有相互隔离的第一腔室和第二腔室,并还设有与所述第二腔室连通的第三腔室;所述第一感测元件和所述第二感测元件均具有相对的两个表面;Further, the housing is provided with a first chamber and a second chamber which are isolated from each other, and a third chamber communicated with the second chamber; the first sensing element and the Each of the second sensing elements has two opposite surfaces;
其中,所述第一感测元件的一表面处于所述第一腔室内,且另一表面处于所述第三腔室内;所述第二感测元件的一表面处于所述第二腔室内,且另一表面处于一真空环境。Wherein, one surface of the first sensing element is in the first chamber, and the other surface is in the third chamber; one surface of the second sensing element is in the second chamber, And the other surface is in a vacuum environment.
进一步的,所述壳体内还设有与其他腔室隔离设置的第四腔室,所述第四腔室内设有所述压力信号处理装置。Further, a fourth chamber isolated from other chambers is provided in the housing, and the pressure signal processing device is disposed in the fourth chamber.
进一步的,所述第一腔室与第三腔室相对设置并与所述第二腔室设于所述基座的同一侧,所述第三腔室与所述第四腔室设于所述基座的另一侧。Further, the first chamber and the third chamber are arranged opposite to each other and are arranged on the same side of the base as the second chamber, and the third chamber and the fourth chamber are arranged on the same side of the base. the other side of the base.
进一步的,所述壳体的一侧设有第一管路和第二管路,所述第一管路用于引入所述发动机颗粒捕捉器之上游处的气体,所述第二管路用于引入所述发动机颗粒捕捉器之下游处的气体。Further, one side of the housing is provided with a first pipeline and a second pipeline, the first pipeline is used to introduce the gas upstream of the engine particle trap, and the second pipeline is used to Gases downstream of introduction into the engine particulate trap.
进一步的,所述壳体具有相对设置的第一侧和第二侧,所述第一侧设有用于将压力传感器固定于车辆上的安装法兰,所述第二侧设有用于与外部机构连接的连接端口。Further, the housing has a first side and a second side oppositely arranged, the first side is provided with a mounting flange for fixing the pressure sensor on the vehicle, and the second side is provided with a mounting flange for connecting with an external mechanism The connection port for the connection.
进一步的,所述第一侧与所述第二侧设置于所述壳体的底部之上,且所述底部上设有用于将压力传感器定位于车辆之上的定位杆。Further, the first side and the second side are arranged on the bottom of the casing, and the bottom is provided with a positioning bar for positioning the pressure sensor on the vehicle.
进一步的,所述壳体包括本体以及设于所述本体之开口处的盖板。Further, the housing includes a body and a cover plate arranged at the opening of the body.
进一步的,所述基座与所述本体以及所述盖板通过硅胶密封连接。Further, the base is connected to the body and the cover through a silicone seal.
进一步的,所述压力信号处理装置包括电路板以及设于所述电路板上的数字专用集成电路;Further, the pressure signal processing device includes a circuit board and a digital application-specific integrated circuit provided on the circuit board;
所述数字专用集成电路用于同时对所述第一感测元件所输入的压力差差信息以及所述第二感测元件所输入的绝对压力信息进行非线性及温度漂移补偿处理,并将处理后的压力差信息以及绝对压力信息进行编码处理,以使得所述压力差信息与绝对压力信息以单边半字节数字通信协议实现一路信号输出。The digital ASIC is used to simultaneously perform nonlinear and temperature drift compensation processing on the pressure difference information input by the first sensing element and the absolute pressure information input by the second sensing element, and process The subsequent pressure difference information and absolute pressure information are encoded, so that the pressure difference information and absolute pressure information can realize one-way signal output with a unilateral nibble digital communication protocol.
进一步的,所述第一感测元件和所述第二感测元件均包括应变片以及设于所述应变片上的惠斯通电桥;其中,所述第一感测元件和所述第二感测元件分别通过金质绑定线与四根插针连接,且所述四根插针与所述压力信号处理装置连接。Further, both the first sensing element and the second sensing element include a strain gauge and a Wheatstone bridge arranged on the strain gauge; wherein, the first sensing element and the second sensing element The measuring elements are respectively connected to four pins through gold binding wires, and the four pins are connected to the pressure signal processing device.
进一步的,所述金质绑定线上设有保护凝胶,所述保护凝胶为含氟凝胶。Further, the gold binding wire is provided with a protective gel, and the protective gel is a fluorine-containing gel.
进一步的,所述第一感测元件与所述第二感测元件均为MEMS传感元。Further, both the first sensing element and the second sensing element are MEMS sensing elements.
进一步的,所述压力信号处理装置通过三根插针与外部连接,其中一根插针用于传输所述一路信号。Further, the pressure signal processing device is connected to the outside through three pins, one of which is used to transmit the one signal.
进一步的,所述插针表面镀金设置。Further, the surface of the contact pin is gold-plated.
进一步的,所述基座的材质为环氧树脂改性材料。Further, the material of the base is epoxy resin modified material.
根据本发明的另一个方面,提供一种用于车辆的压力测量方法,包括:According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pressure measurement method for a vehicle, comprising:
提供壳体以及设于所述壳体内的基座、第一感测元件、第二感测元件和压力信号处理装置,所述第一感测元件、第二感测元件和压力信号处理装置均设于所述基座上,所述压力信号处理装置分别与所述第一感测元件和第二感测元件连接;A housing, a base disposed in the housing, a first sensing element, a second sensing element, and a pressure signal processing device are provided, and the first sensing element, the second sensing element, and the pressure signal processing device are all Located on the base, the pressure signal processing device is respectively connected to the first sensing element and the second sensing element;
所述压力测量方法还包括:The pressure measurement method also includes:
通过所述第一感测元件感知发动机颗粒捕捉器的上游与下游间的气体的压力差,并将气体的压力差信息反馈至所述压力信号处理装置;Sensing the gas pressure difference between the upstream and downstream of the engine particulate trap through the first sensing element, and feeding back the gas pressure difference information to the pressure signal processing device;
通过所述第二感测元件感知所述发动机颗粒捕捉器下游处的气体的绝对压力,并将绝对压力信息反馈至所述压力信号处理装置;以及sensing the absolute pressure of the gas downstream of the engine particulate trap through the second sensing element, and feeding back absolute pressure information to the pressure signal processing device; and
所述压力信号处理装置将接收到的气体的压力差信息与绝对压力信息进行处理,以使得所述压力差信息与绝对压力信息能够通过一路信号输出。The pressure signal processing device processes the received pressure difference information and absolute pressure information of the gas, so that the pressure difference information and absolute pressure information can be output through one signal.
进一步的,所述压力信号处理装置包括电路板以及设于所述电路板上的数字专用集成电路,其运行步骤包括:Further, the pressure signal processing device includes a circuit board and a digital application-specific integrated circuit arranged on the circuit board, and its operation steps include:
所述数字专用集成电路同时对所述第一感测元件所输入的压力差信息以及所述第二感测元件所输入的绝对压力信息进行非线性及温度漂移补偿处理,并将处理后的压力差信息以及绝对压力信息进行编码处理,以使得所述压力差信息与绝对压力信息以单边半字节数字通信协议实现一路信号输出。The digital ASIC simultaneously performs nonlinear and temperature drift compensation processing on the pressure difference information input by the first sensing element and the absolute pressure information input by the second sensing element, and converts the processed pressure The difference information and the absolute pressure information are encoded, so that the pressure difference information and the absolute pressure information realize one signal output with a single nibble digital communication protocol.
进一步的,所述壳体内设有相互隔离的第一腔室和第二腔室,并还设有与所述第二腔室连通的第三腔室,其中,所述第一感测元件感知发动机颗粒捕捉器的上游与下游间的气体的压力差的步骤包括:Further, the housing is provided with a first chamber and a second chamber which are isolated from each other, and a third chamber communicated with the second chamber, wherein the first sensing element senses The step of differential pressure of the gas upstream and downstream of the engine particulate trap includes:
所述第一感测元件通过一表面感知所述第一腔室内气体的压力,并通过其另一表面感知所述第三腔室内气体的压力,并根据所述第一腔室内气体的压力以及所述第三腔室内气体的压力,获得所述发动机颗粒捕捉器之上下游的压力;The first sensing element senses the pressure of the gas in the first chamber through one surface, senses the pressure of the gas in the third chamber through the other surface, and senses the pressure of the gas in the first chamber according to the pressure of the gas in the first chamber and The pressure of the gas in the third chamber obtains the pressure above and downstream of the engine particulate trap;
且所述第二感测元件感知发动机颗粒捕捉器的下游的气体的绝对压力的步骤包括:And the step of sensing the absolute pressure of the gas downstream of the engine particulate trap by the second sensing element comprises:
所述第二感测元件通过一表面感知所述第二腔室内气体的压力,并通过其另一表面感知一真空环境的真空度,并根据所述第二腔室内气体的压力以及所述真空度,获得所述发动机颗粒捕捉器之下游的绝对压力。The second sensing element senses the pressure of the gas in the second chamber through one surface, and senses the vacuum degree of a vacuum environment through the other surface, and according to the pressure of the gas in the second chamber and the vacuum degrees to obtain the absolute pressure downstream of the engine particulate trap.
综上,在本发明提供的用于车辆的压力传感器以及压力测量方法中,仅需要通过两个感测元件以及少量的连接管路即可实现发动机颗粒捕捉器之上下游压差以及下游绝对压力的测量,而且通过压力信号处理装置能够将两个感测元件输出的信息处理为适宜一路电气输出的信号,进而该一路电气可传输至外部(如车辆控制器),因此,该一路电气仅占用外部的一路接口,系统成本低,而且,通过第一感测元件直接测量得到所期望的发动机颗粒捕捉器之上下游的压力差,因此,无需通过外部做额外的运算,测量误差小,测量精度高,能够更为精准的控制发动机颗粒捕捉器的再生。To sum up, in the pressure sensor and pressure measurement method for vehicles provided by the present invention, only two sensing elements and a small number of connecting pipelines are needed to realize the pressure difference between the upper and lower reaches of the engine particle trap and the absolute pressure at the lower end. The measurement of the pressure signal processing device can process the information output by the two sensing elements into a signal suitable for one electrical output, and then the electrical output can be transmitted to the outside (such as the vehicle controller). Therefore, the electrical output of the electrical only takes up An external one-way interface, the system cost is low, and the desired pressure difference between the upstream and downstream of the engine particle trap is directly measured through the first sensing element, so there is no need to do additional calculations externally, the measurement error is small, and the measurement accuracy is high. High, which can more precisely control the regeneration of the engine particulate filter.
附图说明Description of drawings
附图用于更好地理解本发明,不构成对本发明的不当限定。其中:The accompanying drawings are used to better understand the present invention, and do not constitute improper limitations to the present invention. in:
图1是本发明实施例中压力传感器的分解示意图;Fig. 1 is an exploded schematic diagram of a pressure sensor in an embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本发明实施例中压力传感器的组装示意图;2 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the pressure sensor in the embodiment of the present invention;
图3是本发明实施例中压力测量单元的组装示意图;3 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the pressure measurement unit in the embodiment of the present invention;
图4是图3所示的压力测量单元翻转180°后的组装示意图;Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the pressure measurement unit shown in Fig. 3 after being turned over 180°;
图5是本发明实施例中壳体之本体的俯视图;Fig. 5 is a top view of the body of the housing in the embodiment of the present invention;
图6是本发明实施例中压力传感器于去除盖板时于第一视角下的纵向剖视图;6 is a longitudinal sectional view of the pressure sensor at a first viewing angle when the cover plate is removed in the embodiment of the present invention;
图7是本发明实施例中压力传感器于设置盖板时于第二视角下的纵向剖视图。FIG. 7 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the pressure sensor at a second viewing angle when the cover plate is provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
图中:In the picture:
1-壳体;11-本体;110-第一侧;120-第二侧;130-底部,140-第三侧;111-安装法兰;112-连接端口;113-第一管路;114-第二管路;115-第一腔室;116-第二腔室;117-第三腔室;118-第四腔室;12-盖板;2-基座;3-第一感测元件;4-第二感测元件;5-压力信号处理装置;51-电路板;52-数字专用集成电路。1-housing; 11-body; 110-first side; 120-second side; 130-bottom, 140-third side; 111-installation flange; 112-connection port; 113-first pipeline; 114 - second pipeline; 115-first chamber; 116-second chamber; 117-third chamber; 118-fourth chamber; 12-cover plate; 2-base; 3-first sensing Component; 4-second sensing element; 5-pressure signal processing device; 51-circuit board; 52-digital application-specific integrated circuit.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明的目的、特征更明显易懂,下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步的说明,然而,本发明可以用不同的形式实现,不应认为只是局限在所述的实施例。如在本说明书中所使用的,单数形式“一”、“一个”以及“该”包括复数对象,除非内容另外明确指出外。In order to make the purpose and features of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the following will further describe the specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be realized in different forms, and should not be considered as being limited to the described embodiments . As used in this specification, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" include plural referents unless the content clearly dictates otherwise.
图1是本发明实施例中压力传感器的分解示意图,图2是本发明实施例中压力传感器的组装示意图,图3是本发明实施例中压力测量单元的组装示意图,Fig. 1 is an exploded schematic diagram of a pressure sensor in an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an assembly of a pressure sensor in an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an assembly of a pressure measurement unit in an embodiment of the present invention,
图4是图3所示的压力测量单元翻转180°后的组装示意图,且应知晓的是,图3和图4中不可见的部分以虚线示意。FIG. 4 is a schematic assembly diagram of the pressure measurement unit shown in FIG. 3 turned over by 180°, and it should be known that parts that are not visible in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are indicated by dotted lines.
如图1至图4所示,一种压力传感器,其包括壳体1以及封装于壳体1内的压力测量单元。所述压力测量单元包括基座2和设于基座2之上的第一感测元件3、第二感测元件4以及压力信号处理装置5,所述压力信号处理装置5分别与第一感测元件3和第二感测元件4连接。该压力传感器的压力测量方法包括:As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 , a pressure sensor includes a housing 1 and a pressure measurement unit packaged in the housing 1 . The pressure measurement unit includes a base 2, a first sensing element 3, a second sensing element 4 and a pressure signal processing device 5 arranged on the base 2, and the pressure signal processing device 5 is connected with the first sensing element respectively. The sensing element 3 is connected to the second sensing element 4. The pressure measurement method of the pressure sensor includes:
通过第一感测元件3感知汽油发动机颗粒捕捉器(GPF)之上游与下游间的气体的压力差,并将气体的压力差信息反馈至压力信号处理装置5;Sensing the gas pressure difference between the upstream and downstream of the gasoline engine particulate filter (GPF) through the first sensing element 3, and feeding back the pressure difference information of the gas to the pressure signal processing device 5;
通过第二感测元件4感知汽油发动机颗粒捕捉器之下游处的气体的绝对压力,并将气体的绝对压力信息反馈至压力信号处理装置5;Sensing the absolute pressure of the gas downstream of the gasoline engine particulate trap through the second sensing element 4, and feeding back the absolute pressure information of the gas to the pressure signal processing device 5;
所述压力信号处理装置5将接收到的气体的绝对压力信息以及压力差信息进行处理,以使得该两路信息能够通过一路信号输出。The pressure signal processing device 5 processes the received absolute pressure information and pressure difference information of the gas, so that the two pieces of information can be output through one piece of signal.
这里,所述压力传感器不限应用于汽油发动机颗粒捕捉器,还可以是柴油发动机颗粒捕捉器。为此,本发明的压力传感器主要用于车辆发动机排气管路上颗粒捕捉器之上下游的压差的测量以及下游压力的测量,一方面通过获取发动机颗粒捕捉器之上下游的压差,可用于控制发动机颗粒捕捉器的再生,另一方面通过获取发动机颗粒捕捉器之下游的绝对压力,可用于监测发动机颗粒捕捉器上连接管路的状态,以便于以满足如车载诊断系统(OBD)等特定要求。Here, the pressure sensor is not limited to be used in a gasoline engine particulate trap, and may also be a diesel engine particulate trap. For this reason, the pressure sensor of the present invention is mainly used for the measurement of the pressure difference above and downstream of the particulate trap on the vehicle engine exhaust pipeline and the measurement of the downstream pressure. It is used to control the regeneration of the engine particle filter, and on the other hand, by obtaining the absolute pressure downstream of the engine particle filter, it can be used to monitor the state of the connecting pipeline on the engine particle filter, so as to meet the requirements of the on-board diagnostic system (OBD), etc. specific requirements.
显然,本发明的压力传感器仅需要两个压力感测元件以及少量的连接管路即可实现发动机颗粒捕捉器之上下游压差以及下游绝对压力的测量,而且通过压力信号处理装置5能够将两个感测元件输出的两路压力信息处理为能够通过一路信号输出,进而该一路信号可传输至外部,例如传输至车辆控制器(Electronic Control Unit:ECU,电子控制单元),因此,该一路信息仅占用外部的一路接口,系统成本低。而且,通过第一感测元件3便可直接测量得到所期望的发动机颗粒捕捉器之上下游的压力差,因此,无需通过外部做额外的运算,测量误差小,测量精度高,能够更为精准的控制发动机颗粒捕捉器的再生。Obviously, the pressure sensor of the present invention only needs two pressure sensing elements and a small amount of connecting pipelines to realize the measurement of the pressure difference between the upper and lower reaches of the engine particle trap and the measurement of the absolute pressure downstream, and the pressure signal processing device 5 can combine the two The two-way pressure information output by each sensing element is processed to be able to be output through one signal, and then the one-way signal can be transmitted to the outside, for example, to the vehicle controller (Electronic Control Unit: ECU, electronic control unit). Therefore, the one-way information Only one external interface is occupied, and the system cost is low. Moreover, the desired pressure difference between the upstream and downstream of the engine particulate filter can be directly measured through the first sensing element 3. Therefore, no additional calculations need to be performed externally, the measurement error is small, the measurement accuracy is high, and it can be more accurate Controls the regeneration of the engine particulate filter.
所述壳体1于本实施例中,可包括本体11以及设于本体11之开口处的盖板12。所述盖板12和所述本体11共同限定形成一安装空间,以容置所述压力测量单元。在一个较佳的连接方式中,所述盖板12、本体11和基座2通过胶水连接,以此起到良好的密封效果,而且组装方便。进一步,考虑到压力传感器所工作的尾气环境,胶水优选耐高温的材料,如硅胶,且所述本体11的材料也选用耐高温的材料,例如聚苯硫醚(PPS)或聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)玻璃纤维增强材料。In this embodiment, the housing 1 may include a main body 11 and a cover plate 12 disposed at the opening of the main body 11 . The cover plate 12 and the body 11 jointly define an installation space for accommodating the pressure measurement unit. In a preferred connection manner, the cover plate 12, the body 11 and the base 2 are connected by glue, so as to achieve a good sealing effect and facilitate assembly. Further, considering the exhaust gas environment in which the pressure sensor works, the glue is preferably a high-temperature-resistant material, such as silica gel, and the material of the body 11 is also selected from a high-temperature-resistant material, such as polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) or polyethylene terephthalic acid Butylene glycol ester (PBT) glass fiber reinforcement.
进一步,所述本体11具有第一侧110以及与所述第一侧110相对设置的第二侧120,其中,所述第一侧110设置有一安装法兰111,可将压力传感器固定于车辆之上,所述第二侧120可设置用于电气输出的连接端口112,以便于与外部,如ECU连接。优选的,所述本体11的底部130还设有一定位杆S,可参阅图6和图7,所述第一侧110和所述第二侧120设置于所述底部130之上。所述定位杆S和所述安装法兰111可配合使用,使压力传感器定位固定于车辆之上。Further, the body 11 has a first side 110 and a second side 120 opposite to the first side 110, wherein the first side 110 is provided with a mounting flange 111, which can fix the pressure sensor on the vehicle Above, the second side 120 can be provided with a connection port 112 for electrical output, so as to facilitate connection with the outside, such as an ECU. Preferably, the bottom 130 of the body 11 is further provided with a positioning rod S, referring to FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 , the first side 110 and the second side 120 are disposed on the bottom 130 . The positioning rod S and the mounting flange 111 can be used in cooperation to position and fix the pressure sensor on the vehicle.
所述本体11还具有与所述第一侧110以及所述第二侧120邻接的第三侧140,所述第三侧140亦设置于底部130之上,优选的,所述第三侧140上设置有第一管路113和第二管路114。所述第一管路113用于与发动机颗粒捕捉器之上游处的相应管路连接,以将发动机颗粒捕捉器之上游处的气体引入壳体1之中。所述第二管路114用于与发动机颗粒捕捉器之下游处的相应管路连接,以将发动机颗粒捕捉器之下游处的气体引入壳体1之中。进一步,所述壳体1的内部设有不同的腔室,用于存储前述管路所引入的气体。The body 11 also has a third side 140 adjacent to the first side 110 and the second side 120, the third side 140 is also arranged on the bottom 130, preferably, the third side 140 A first pipeline 113 and a second pipeline 114 are arranged on it. The first pipeline 113 is used to connect with the corresponding pipeline upstream of the engine particulate trap, so as to introduce the gas upstream of the engine particulate trap into the casing 1 . The second pipeline 114 is used to connect with the corresponding pipeline downstream of the engine particulate trap, so as to introduce the gas downstream of the engine particulate trap into the casing 1 . Further, the housing 1 is provided with different chambers for storing the gas introduced by the aforementioned pipeline.
图5是本发明实施例中壳体之本体的俯视图,如图5所示,所述壳体1之本体11内设有相隔离的第一腔室115和第二腔室116,其中,所述第一腔室115与第一管路113连接,以将发动机颗粒捕捉器之上游处的气体引入第一腔室115,同时所述第二腔室116与第二管路114连接,以将发动机颗粒捕捉器之下游处的气体引入第二腔室116。Fig. 5 is a top view of the body of the housing in the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 5, the body 11 of the housing 1 is provided with a first chamber 115 and a second chamber 116 which are isolated, wherein the The first chamber 115 is connected to the first pipeline 113 to introduce the gas upstream of the engine particulate trap into the first chamber 115, while the second chamber 116 is connected to the second pipeline 114 to Gas downstream of the engine particulate trap is introduced into the second chamber 116 .
图6是本发明实施例中压力传感器于去除盖板时于第一视角下的纵向剖视图,如图6所示,所述第一感测元件3和第二感测元件4均具有相对的正面和背面,且将第一感测元件3的正面设于第一腔室115内,便可以感知第一腔室115内气体的压力P1(即发动机颗粒捕捉器之上游处的压力),同时将第二感测元件4的正面设于第二腔室116内,也可以感知第二腔室116内气体的压力P2(即发动机颗粒捕捉器之下游处的压力)。优选的,所述第一腔室115和第二腔室116设于基座2的同一侧,以简化结构,缩小尺寸。6 is a longitudinal sectional view of the pressure sensor in the embodiment of the present invention when the cover plate is removed at a first viewing angle. As shown in FIG. 6, the first sensing element 3 and the second sensing element 4 have opposite front faces and the back, and the front of the first sensing element 3 is set in the first chamber 115, the pressure P1 of the gas in the first chamber 115 (that is, the pressure at the upstream of the engine particulate trap) can be sensed, and simultaneously the The front of the second sensing element 4 is disposed in the second chamber 116 and can also sense the pressure P2 of the gas in the second chamber 116 (ie, the pressure downstream of the engine particulate trap). Preferably, the first chamber 115 and the second chamber 116 are arranged on the same side of the base 2 to simplify the structure and reduce the size.
在一个较佳的实施例中,所述壳体1内还设有一第三腔室117,与所述第二腔室116相连通且相对设置,例如可在基座2与本体11之间预留一通道,使两者连通。进而,将第一感测元件3的背面设于第三腔室117内,便可以感知第三腔室117内气体的压力P2。这样一来,通过第一感测元件3的正面感知第一腔室115内气体的压力P1,同时由第一感测元件3的背面感知第三腔室117内气体的压力P2,最终根据该两个压力,便可以得到发动机颗粒捕捉器之上下游的压力差。本实施例中,所述第三腔室117可通过一通孔使气体流入第一感测元件3的背面。在此,通过腔室的连通,使得两个感测元件能够同时感知发动机颗粒捕捉器之下游处的气体的压力,结构简单,易于测量,而且能够保证冷凝水能顺利流出,不在传感器内部聚集。In a preferred embodiment, a third chamber 117 is also provided in the housing 1, which communicates with and is opposite to the second chamber 116, for example, it can be preset between the base 2 and the body 11. Leave a channel to connect the two. Furthermore, the back surface of the first sensing element 3 is disposed in the third chamber 117 , so that the pressure P2 of the gas in the third chamber 117 can be sensed. In this way, the pressure P1 of the gas in the first chamber 115 is sensed through the front of the first sensing element 3, while the pressure P2 of the gas in the third chamber 117 is sensed from the back of the first sensing element 3, and finally according to the Two pressures, the pressure difference between the upstream and downstream of the engine particulate filter can be obtained. In this embodiment, the third chamber 117 can allow gas to flow into the back of the first sensing element 3 through a through hole. Here, through the communication of the chamber, the two sensing elements can simultaneously sense the pressure of the gas downstream of the engine particle filter, the structure is simple, easy to measure, and it can ensure that the condensed water can flow out smoothly without accumulating inside the sensor.
此外,于本实施例中,所述第一感测元件3和第二感测元件4优选为MEMS传感元,更优选所述第二感测元件4自身设有真空腔室,因此,所述第二感测元件4可直接感知其真空腔室的真空度(真空压力),故而也能够直接感知发动机颗粒捕捉器之下游处的绝对压力。In addition, in this embodiment, the first sensing element 3 and the second sensing element 4 are preferably MEMS sensing elements, more preferably the second sensing element 4 itself is provided with a vacuum chamber, therefore, the The second sensing element 4 can directly sense the vacuum degree (vacuum pressure) of its vacuum chamber, so it can also directly sense the absolute pressure downstream of the engine particle trap.
图7是本发明实施例中压力传感器于设置盖板时于第二视角下的纵向剖视图,该第二视角与前述第一视角呈90°夹角,例如所述第一视角为压力传感器的左端视角,则所述第二视角为压力传感器的前端视角。如图7所示,所述壳体1内还设有一第四腔室118,与第三腔室117设于基座2的同一侧并相隔离设置。本实施例中,所述第三腔室117和第四腔室118均可由本体11与盖板12共同限定而成,并由所述盖板12将第三腔室17和第四腔室118隔离设置。由此,将压力信号处理装置5安装于第四腔室118中,便可实现被测量气体与压力信号处理装置5的隔离,以避免压力信号处理装置5遭受被测量气体的腐蚀而影响其使用。Fig. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of the pressure sensor in the embodiment of the present invention when the cover plate is installed at a second viewing angle, the second viewing angle forms an angle of 90° with the aforementioned first viewing angle, for example, the first viewing angle is the left end of the pressure sensor viewing angle, the second viewing angle is the front viewing angle of the pressure sensor. As shown in FIG. 7 , a fourth chamber 118 is further provided in the housing 1 , which is located on the same side of the base 2 as the third chamber 117 and is separated from each other. In this embodiment, the third chamber 117 and the fourth chamber 118 can be jointly defined by the body 11 and the cover plate 12, and the third chamber 17 and the fourth chamber 118 are connected by the cover plate 12 Quarantine settings. Therefore, installing the pressure signal processing device 5 in the fourth chamber 118 can realize the isolation of the measured gas from the pressure signal processing device 5, so as to prevent the pressure signal processing device 5 from being corroded by the measured gas and affecting its use. .
本实施例中,所述压力信号处理装置5包括电路板51和设置于电路板51上的数字专用集成电路(AISC)52,以及还包括设于电路板51上的若干被动元器件,如电阻、电容等辅助器件。其中,所述数字专用集成电路52用于同时将第一感测元件3所输入的压力差信息和第二感测元件4所输入的绝对压力信息进行非线性及温度漂移补偿处理,并将处理后的两路信息转换为适宜通过一路信号输出的信息。In this embodiment, the pressure signal processing device 5 includes a circuit board 51 and a digital application-specific integrated circuit (AISC) 52 arranged on the circuit board 51, and also includes a number of passive components arranged on the circuit board 51, such as resistors , capacitors and other auxiliary devices. Wherein, the digital ASIC 52 is used for performing nonlinear and temperature drift compensation processing on the pressure difference information input by the first sensing element 3 and the absolute pressure information input by the second sensing element 4, and processing The last two channels of information are converted into information suitable for output through one signal.
可参阅图3和图4,所述第一感测元件3和第二感测元件4均包括应变片以及设于应变片上的惠斯通电桥。其中,所述应变片用于获取气体压力对其作用所产生的应变信息,所述惠斯通电桥用于将所述应变信息转换为电信号输出,进而所述数字专用集成电路52便对两路惠斯通电桥输出的电信号进行非线性及温度漂移补偿处理,并将处理后的两路电信号编码为单边半字节(SENT)数字通信协议,通过该协议便可以将两路电信号通过一个Pin针传输至外部,包括但不限于传输至ECU。在一个优选方案中,所述数字专用集成电路52可以是现有的多个数字专用集成电路器件的集成,本领域技术人员在本申请文件公开内容的基础上,应当知晓如何实现数字专用集成电路52将两路电信号处理为适宜一路电气输出的信号。Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , both the first sensing element 3 and the second sensing element 4 include strain gauges and a Wheatstone bridge disposed on the strain gauges. Wherein, the strain gauge is used to obtain the strain information generated by the gas pressure acting on it, and the Wheatstone bridge is used to convert the strain information into an electrical signal for output, and then the digital ASIC 52 is used for the two The electrical signal output by the Wheatstone bridge is processed for nonlinearity and temperature drift compensation, and the processed two-way electrical signal is encoded into a single-sided nibble (SENT) digital communication protocol, through which the two-way electrical signal can be The signal is transmitted to the outside through a pin, including but not limited to the ECU. In a preferred solution, the digital ASIC 52 can be an integration of multiple existing digital ASIC devices, and those skilled in the art should know how to implement a digital ASIC on the basis of the disclosure of this application document. 52 processes the two electrical signals into a signal suitable for one electrical output.
进而,为了将感测元件输出的电信号传输至数字专用集成电路52,需将惠斯通电桥与电路板51进行连接。在一个非限制性的操作方法中:任意一个感测元件通过多跟金质绑定线(Au Bonding线)与多根插针连接,且多根插针与电路板51连接。其中,为了避免金质绑定线受到被测量气体的腐蚀,优选在金质绑定线上设置保护凝胶,凝胶优选含氟硅胶,一方面含氟硅胶较软,不会影响压力的正常传递,另一方面,含氟硅胶具有较好的介质耐抗性,可以保护感测元件在尾气环境中正常稳定工作。Furthermore, in order to transmit the electrical signal output by the sensing element to the digital ASIC 52 , a Wheatstone bridge needs to be connected to the circuit board 51 . In a non-limiting operation method: any sensing element is connected to multiple pins through multiple gold bonding wires (Au Bonding wires), and the multiple pins are connected to the circuit board 51 . Among them, in order to prevent the gold binding wire from being corroded by the measured gas, it is preferable to set a protective gel on the gold binding wire. The gel is preferably fluorine-containing silica gel. On the one hand, the fluorine-containing silica gel is soft and will not affect the normal pressure. On the other hand, fluorine-containing silicone has good medium resistance, which can protect the sensing element to work normally and stably in the exhaust gas environment.
进一步,对于任意一个感测元件,其具有四个输出引线,每一条引线通过金质绑定线与一根插针连接,因此,本实施例的压力信号处理装置5需通过八根插针两个感测元件连接。实际组装时,八根插针固定于基座2上,且每个插针的一端穿过基座2并通过金质绑定线与感测元件的引线连接,另一端亦穿过基座2并进一步插入电路板51上的过孔内,且这些插针与电路板51的连接方式可以是手工锡焊、自动锡焊或激光锡焊等方式。Further, for any sensing element, it has four output leads, and each lead wire is connected to a pin through a gold binding wire. Measuring component connection. During actual assembly, eight pins are fixed on the base 2, and one end of each pin passes through the base 2 and is connected to the lead wire of the sensing element through a gold binding wire, and the other end also passes through the base 2 and Further inserted into the via holes on the circuit board 51 , and the connection between these pins and the circuit board 51 can be manual soldering, automatic soldering or laser soldering.
进一步,如图3和图4所示,所述基座2上还设有另外三根插针,具体的,八根插针组成一组设于基座2的一侧,三根插针形成另一组设于基座2的另一侧,且所述三根插针的一端与电路板51连接,连接方式亦可以是手工锡焊、自动锡焊或激光锡焊等方式。实际中,所述三根插针用于与前述连接端口112组成一体,而形成电气输出端口。具体来说,所述连接端口112包括封套以及设于封套内的三根插针,且每一根插针上还设有一个平插片,平插片可通过焊接的方式与插针连接。另外,插针和平插片均可为铜锡合金材料,且表面优选镀金设置,以免受测量介质的腐蚀。那么,实际应用时,通过单边半字节(SENT)数字通信协议,便可将两路信号通过其中一根插针输出至外部,而另外一根插针用于接地,剩余一根插针用于电路板的供电。Further, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the base 2 is also provided with three other pins, specifically, eight pins form a group and are arranged on one side of the base 2, and three pins form another group It is located on the other side of the base 2, and one end of the three pins is connected to the circuit board 51, and the connection method can also be manual soldering, automatic soldering or laser soldering. In practice, the three pins are used to integrate with the aforementioned connection port 112 to form an electrical output port. Specifically, the connection port 112 includes a cover and three contact pins disposed in the cover, and each contact pin is provided with a flat insertion piece, which can be connected to the contact pin by welding. In addition, both pins and flat inserts can be made of copper-tin alloy, and the surface is preferably gold-plated to avoid corrosion by the measuring medium. Then, in practical applications, through the single-sided nibble (SENT) digital communication protocol, two signals can be output to the outside through one of the pins, while the other pin is used for grounding, and the remaining pin is used for circuit board power supply.
进一步,优选所述基座2的材料选自环氧树脂改性材料,并可通过注塑成型。由于环氧树脂改性材料不仅热膨胀系数低,而且介质耐抗性也好,因此,能够确保压力测量单元在发动机尾气等恶劣条件下长期稳定工作,特别的,该材料和硅基MEMS传感元的热膨胀系数较为接近,能够保证MEMS传感元连接有较小的热应力。因此,本实施例中,所述第一感测元件3和第二感测元件4均优选为MEMS传感元,尺寸小,可以节省空间,并优选基座2上设有对应的凹槽来容置第一感测元件3和第二感测元件4,且感测元件可通过胶水与基座2固定,而且,通过凹槽可防止保护凝胶流失。Further, preferably, the material of the base 2 is selected from epoxy resin modified materials, and can be molded by injection molding. Since the epoxy resin modified material not only has a low thermal expansion coefficient, but also has good medium resistance, it can ensure the long-term stable operation of the pressure measurement unit under harsh conditions such as engine exhaust. In particular, this material and silicon-based MEMS sensor The coefficient of thermal expansion is relatively close, which can ensure that the connection of the MEMS sensor element has a small thermal stress. Therefore, in this embodiment, the first sensing element 3 and the second sensing element 4 are preferably MEMS sensing elements, which are small in size and can save space, and preferably the base 2 is provided with corresponding grooves to The first sensing element 3 and the second sensing element 4 are accommodated, and the sensing element can be fixed with the base 2 by glue, and the protective gel can be prevented from being lost through the groove.
进一步,本实施例的压力传感器的组装过程优选包括如下步骤:Further, the assembly process of the pressure sensor of this embodiment preferably includes the following steps:
首先,在本体11内部,例如胶水槽中点胶;胶水和压力测量单元中粘接的胶水优选相同;First, glue is dispensed inside the body 11, such as in a glue tank; the glue and the glue bonded in the pressure measurement unit are preferably the same;
然后,将压力测量单元装入本体11;为了将压力测量单元与壳体1良好的密封连接,优选基座2的外围设有棱边,可以增强压力测量单元与壳体1的胶水粘接强度;Then, put the pressure measurement unit into the body 11; in order to seal the pressure measurement unit and the housing 1 well, it is preferable that the periphery of the base 2 is provided with edges, which can enhance the glue bonding strength between the pressure measurement unit and the housing 1 ;
之后,可通过电阻焊将三根插针与本体11上固设的三个平插片焊接在一起;After that, the three pins can be welded together with the three flat inserts fixed on the body 11 by resistance welding;
随后,可继续点胶,并安装盖板12;Subsequently, glue dispensing can be continued, and the cover plate 12 can be installed;
接着,高温固化胶水,以使得压力测量单元与本体11和盖板12相固定;Next, the glue is cured at high temperature, so that the pressure measurement unit is fixed to the body 11 and the cover plate 12;
最后,进行气密性和功能测试。Finally, air tightness and function tests are performed.
由此,通过获取本实施例的压力传感器,可取得如下的好处:Thus, by obtaining the pressure sensor of the present embodiment, the following benefits can be obtained:
第一,所述压力传感器仅需要两个感测元件以及少量的连接管路即可实现发动机颗粒捕捉器之上下游压差以及下游绝对压力的测量,而且通过数字专用集成电路能够将两个感测元件输出的信号处理为适宜一路电气输出的信号,进而该一路电气可传输至外部,因此,该一路电气仅占用外部的一路接口,系统成本低;First, the pressure sensor only needs two sensing elements and a small number of connecting pipelines to realize the measurement of the pressure difference above and downstream of the engine particulate trap and the measurement of the absolute pressure downstream, and the two sensing elements can be integrated through a digital application-specific integrated circuit. The signal output by the test element is processed into a signal suitable for one electrical output, and then the electrical output can be transmitted to the outside. Therefore, this electrical only occupies an external interface, and the system cost is low;
第二,所述压力传感器通过第一感测元件直接测量得到所期望的发动机颗粒捕捉器之上下游的压力差,因此,无需通过外部做额外的运算,测量误差小,测量精度高,能够更为精准的控制发动机颗粒捕捉器的再生;Second, the pressure sensor directly measures the desired pressure difference between the upper and lower reaches of the engine particle trap through the first sensing element, therefore, no additional calculations need to be performed externally, the measurement error is small, the measurement accuracy is high, and it can be more accurate. For precise control of engine particulate filter regeneration;
第三,所述压力传感器将两个感测元件与数字专用集成电路等设置于同一基座上,可以实现在该模块级别的标定和测试,前期开发、测试方便;Third, the pressure sensor sets two sensing elements and a digital ASIC on the same base, which can realize calibration and testing at the module level, and is convenient for early stage development and testing;
第四,所述压力传感器通过壳体构造形成各个隔离的腔室以及引入气体的管路,从而保证冷凝水能顺利流出,不在传感器内部积聚,确保压力传感器能够长期稳定使用;Fourth, the pressure sensor forms isolated chambers and pipelines for introducing gas through the shell structure, so as to ensure that the condensed water can flow out smoothly and not accumulate inside the sensor, ensuring that the pressure sensor can be used stably for a long time;
第五,所述压力传感器的装配过程更简单,生产效率提高,生产成本较低。Fifth, the assembly process of the pressure sensor is simpler, the production efficiency is improved, and the production cost is lower.
最后,需要说明的是,本发明较佳实施例如上所述,但不限于上述实施例所公开的范围,例如各个腔室在壳体内的布局不作特别的限制,此外,两根管路亦可自带,也可由外部提供,另外,所述压力信号处理装置5可采用现有的PLC等控制装置,本领域技术人在本申请公开的内容基础上,应当知晓如何实现控制装置与感测元件以及外部的通讯连接。Finally, it should be noted that the preferred embodiments of the present invention are as described above, but are not limited to the scope disclosed in the above embodiments. For example, the layout of each chamber in the housing is not particularly limited. In addition, the two pipelines can also be Self-contained or provided externally. In addition, the pressure signal processing device 5 can use existing PLC and other control devices. Those skilled in the art should know how to realize the control device and the sensing element on the basis of the content disclosed in this application. and external communication connections.
显然,本领域的技术人员可以对发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样,倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内,则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technologies, the present invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.
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