CN110551934A - Method for producing marine diesel engine moving part cylinder cover raw material by using S20CrMoVS material - Google Patents
Method for producing marine diesel engine moving part cylinder cover raw material by using S20CrMoVS material Download PDFInfo
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
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- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
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Abstract
the invention discloses a method for producing a cylinder cover raw material of a marine diesel engine moving part by using an S20CrMoVS material, which comprises the following steps: 1) preparing a steel ingot: a, primary steel making in an eccentric bottom tapping electric arc furnace, B, refining in a ladle refining furnace, C: refining in a vacuum degassing furnace, D: pouring a steel ingot; 2) forging; 3) and (4) performing performance heat treatment after forging. According to the technical scheme, the refining formula design, the forging process and the post-forging performance heat treatment process are optimized, so that the power range of the raw material for producing the marine diesel engine moving part cylinder cover by using the S20CrMoVS material is widened, the durability of the product is enhanced, and the use requirement of the marine diesel engine moving part cylinder cover is met.
Description
Technical Field
the invention particularly relates to a method for producing a cylinder cover raw material of a marine diesel engine moving part by using an S20CrMoVS material.
Background
with the overall implementation of the ocean strong strategy and the rapid development of high and new technologies in China, the connection between the marine diesel engine and the development of the ship industry and military naval vessel equipment is more and more tight, and the marine diesel engine is gradually concerned by governments, enterprises and scientific research institutions. The development of high-quality and high-performance diesel engine moving parts aims to break the technical blockade and monopoly of a few developed countries, so that our products can better serve the national ship industry, and the market competitiveness of the ship industry is provided.
The marine diesel engine has the advantages of large power range, high thermal efficiency, good economic performance, easy starting, convenient use and maintenance and the like. In the middle of the 20 th century, diesel engines are commonly used as power sources for various ships running in the world. The marine diesel engine moving parts are mainly used in power systems of civil and military large ships, the products mainly comprise piston heads, piston rods, crosshead heads, cylinder heads, connecting rods and the like, and the products are made of S42Cr1S, S30MnH, S20CrMoVS and the like.
the cylinder cover for the diesel engine in the current market cannot meet the use requirement of the cylinder cover for the diesel engine in terms of fatigue performance.
disclosure of Invention
the technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: provides a method for producing a marine diesel engine moving part cylinder cover raw material by using an S20CrMoVS material.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a method for producing a marine diesel engine moving part cylinder cover raw material by using an S20CrMoVS material comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a steel ingot:
S20CrMoVS is to carry out primary steel making in an Eccentric Bottom Tapping (EBT) electric arc furnace: proportioning: charging 70 plus or minus 3 percent of scrap steel and 30 plus or minus 3 percent of pig iron; secondly, adopting oxygen fusion combination, wherein the oxidation temperature is more than or equal to 1560 ℃, and the decarburization quantity in the oxidation period is more than or equal to 0.30%; spraying carbon, performing foam slag operation in the whole process, and automatically flowing slag; the components meet the requirements of the end point components of an Electric Arc Furnace (EAF), steel is tapped, slag is strictly forbidden to be discharged during tapping, and the tapping temperature is 1650 +/-10 ℃;
b, refining in a ladle refining furnace (LF): firstly, connecting argon, feeding an aluminum wire at the speed of 1.5-2 m/t, and blowing the argon to ensure good stirring and avoid breaking slag surfaces; secondly, after power is transmitted for 10-15 min, sampling and analyzing slag white, and measuring temperature; thirdly, scattering a reducing agent in the refining process, keeping white slag, adding lime and fluorite according to the condition of the slag, adjusting the alloy components to be qualified according to the sampling components; and strictly adding ferroalloy, reducing agent and various slag materials within 10min before tapping, keeping white slag for more than or equal to 20min, ensuring that the slag layer has the thickness of 120 +/-10 mm, and ensuring that the slag has good fluidity and does not contain unreacted carbon during tapping.
c: refining in a Vacuum Degassing (VD) furnace: stirring in a static argon blowing mode before the vacuum degree reaches 67 Pa; after the vacuum degree reaches 67Pa, ensuring that a molten pool is well boiled by adopting the argon flow when a ladle refining furnace (LF) is used for normal refining, but taking the condition that slag overflow and steel overflow do not occur as a standard; adopting a static argon blowing mode after the air breaking and after the air breaking are started; keeping the vacuum degree of 67Pa for more than 15 minutes; thirdly, after the air is broken, hydrogen is determined and a calcium silicate wire of 3m/t is fed, the static argon blowing time is ensured to be more than or equal to 20 minutes, oxygen is determined when the bag is hung, and a gas analysis sample is taken;
D: pouring a steel ingot; according to the mass percentage, the obtained steel ingot comprises the following chemical components: c: 0.17-0.22%, Si: less than or equal to 0.45 percent, Mn: 0.95-1.10%, P: less than or equal to 0.035%, S: less than or equal to 0.035%, Cr: 0.90-1.10%, Mo: 0.40-0.50%, Ni: less than or equal to 0.40 percent, Nb: less than or equal to 0.005%, V: 08-0.12%, the rest elements being Fe and other residual elements;
cr and Mo are elements for improving hardenability, and the effect of improving the hardenability is more obvious when the two elements are added simultaneously; cr can improve the wear resistance of steel, and improve the corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance of steel; mo can obviously improve the hardenability and the heat strength of the steel, prevent the tempering brittleness and improve the tempering stability; v can refine the grain structure of the steel, improve the strength and toughness of the steel and greatly help to improve the impact toughness after high-temperature tempering, and can increase the hardenability of the steel when the V is melted into austenite at high temperature;
2) Forging: the initial forging temperature is 1220 ℃, the final forging temperature is 750 ℃, and the forging ratio is more than 36.9: 1;
the S20CrMoVS initial forging temperature is 1220 ℃, and overheating and even overburning are easily caused when the temperature exceeds 1220 ℃. And the reasonable heat preservation time is determined according to the size of the blank, so that the blank is ensured to be burnt thoroughly, and overheating and overburning are avoided. The reasonable heat preservation time is the basis for ensuring that crystal grains are not easy to be coarsened. The finish forging temperature is 750 ℃, the possibility of cracking of the part is increased by excessively low finish forging temperature, and the formation of coarse grains is also caused by excessively high finish forging temperature. The blank is subjected to three-heading and three-drawing, the forging ratio is more than 36.9:1, a hollow forging piece is formed, and a proper forging method is adopted, so that core materials with the worst quality at the central part of the blank are punched during punching, the compact structure after forging can be ensured, the coarse cast dendritic crystal structure can be smashed, the inclusions are dispersed and distributed, the banded structure is eliminated, the anisotropy is reduced, and the original defects in the blank are effectively eliminated. When the forging temperature is 750-800 ℃, a forging mode of light beating and quick forging is adopted, so that the crystal grains are finer, and a foundation is laid for improving the mechanical property.
3) Performing performance heat treatment after forging, namely, quenching, namely, charging the materials into a furnace at the temperature of less than or equal to 350 ℃, heating the materials to 920 +/-10 ℃ at the speed of less than or equal to 150 ℃/h, carrying out heat preservation for 5-8 h, then cooling the materials by water, controlling the temperature of the water to be 20-30 ℃ and the temperature of the water to be less than or equal to 40 ℃ during cooling, stirring the cooling water by strong force to ensure quick and thorough cooling, controlling the volume of a water pool of the cooling water to be 175-297 m 3, and carrying out uninterrupted operation by 5-7 stirrers in each water pool, thereby improving the depth of a;
tempering temperature is 685 +/-10 ℃, keeping the temperature for 8-13 h, cooling the furnace to below 300 ℃, and discharging the furnace for air cooling; the lath martensite structure is obtained after quenching, and the carbides after tempering are distributed in a fine spherical dispersion manner, so that the toughness of the steel is improved, the shaping is improved under the condition of not obviously reducing the strength, and the comprehensive mechanical property of the material is obviously improved;
the S20CrMoVS material is low-carbon alloy structural steel, has very high hardenability, no temper brittleness, good welding performance, small tendency of forming cold crack, good machinability and good cold strain plasticity. Generally, it is used in a quenched and tempered or carburized and quenched state. The material needs to obtain high performance, not only needs to perfect a forging process, but also needs a good heat treatment process, and the product obtains fine grains and good toughness through the performance heat treatment process after forging.
has the advantages that: according to the technical scheme, the refining formula design, the forging process and the post-forging performance heat treatment process are optimized, so that the power range of the raw material for producing the marine diesel engine moving part cylinder cover by using the S20CrMoVS material is widened, the durability of the product is enhanced, and the use requirement of the marine diesel engine moving part cylinder cover is met.
Detailed Description
The process of the present invention is further illustrated below with reference to examples, but the invention is not limited thereto.
A method for producing a marine diesel engine moving part cylinder cover raw material by using an S20CrMoVS material comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a steel ingot:
S20CrMoVS is to carry out primary steel making in an Eccentric Bottom Tapping (EBT) electric arc furnace: proportioning: charging 70 plus or minus 3 percent of scrap steel and 30 plus or minus 3 percent of pig iron; secondly, adopting oxygen fusion combination, wherein the oxidation temperature is more than or equal to 1560 ℃, and the decarburization quantity in the oxidation period is more than or equal to 0.30%; spraying carbon, performing foam slag operation in the whole process, and automatically flowing slag; the components meet the requirements of the end point components of an Electric Arc Furnace (EAF), steel is tapped, slag is strictly forbidden to be discharged during tapping, and the tapping temperature is 1650 +/-10 ℃;
B, refining in a ladle refining furnace (LF): firstly, connecting argon, feeding an aluminum wire at the speed of 1.5-2 m/t, and blowing the argon to ensure good stirring and avoid breaking slag surfaces; secondly, after power is transmitted for 10-15 min, sampling and analyzing slag white, and measuring temperature; thirdly, scattering a reducing agent in the refining process, keeping white slag, adding lime and fluorite according to the condition of the slag, adjusting the alloy components to be qualified according to the sampling components; and strictly adding ferroalloy, reducing agent and various slag materials within 10min before tapping, keeping white slag for more than or equal to 20min, ensuring that the slag layer has the thickness of 120 +/-10 mm, and ensuring that the slag has good fluidity and does not contain unreacted carbon during tapping.
C: refining in a Vacuum Degassing (VD) furnace: stirring in a static argon blowing mode before the vacuum degree reaches 67 Pa; after the vacuum degree reaches 67Pa, ensuring that a molten pool is well boiled by adopting the argon flow when a ladle refining furnace (LF) is used for normal refining, but taking the condition that slag overflow and steel overflow do not occur as a standard; adopting a static argon blowing mode after the air breaking and after the air breaking are started; keeping the vacuum degree of 67Pa for more than 15 minutes; thirdly, after the air is broken, hydrogen is determined and a calcium silicate wire of 3m/t is fed, the static argon blowing time is ensured to be more than or equal to 20 minutes, oxygen is determined when the bag is hung, and a gas analysis sample is taken;
d: pouring a steel ingot; according to the mass percentage, the obtained steel ingot comprises the following chemical components: c: 0.17-0.22%, Si: less than or equal to 0.45 percent, Mn: 0.95-1.10%, P: less than or equal to 0.035%, S: less than or equal to 0.035%, Cr: 0.90-1.10%, Mo: 0.40-0.50%, Ni: less than or equal to 0.40 percent, Nb: less than or equal to 0.005%, V: 08-0.12%, the rest elements being Fe and other residual elements;
2) Forging: the initial forging temperature is 1220 ℃, the final forging temperature is 750 ℃, and the forging ratio is more than 36.9: 1;
In the forging process, when the forging temperature is 750-800 ℃, a forging mode of soft beating and quick forging is adopted, so that the crystal grains are finer, and a foundation is laid for improving the mechanical property.
3) Performing performance heat treatment after forging, namely, quenching, namely, charging the materials into a furnace at the temperature of less than or equal to 350 ℃, heating the materials to 920 +/-10 ℃ at the speed of less than or equal to 150 ℃/h, carrying out heat preservation for 5-8 h, then cooling the materials by water, controlling the temperature of the water to be 20-30 ℃ and the temperature of the water to be less than or equal to 40 ℃ during cooling, stirring the cooling water by strong force to ensure quick and thorough cooling, controlling the volume of a water pool of the cooling water to be 175-297 m 3, and carrying out uninterrupted operation by 5-7 stirrers in each water pool, thereby improving the depth of a;
tempering temperature is 685 +/-10 ℃, keeping the temperature for 8-13 h, cooling the furnace to below 300 ℃, and discharging the furnace for air cooling; the lath martensite structure is obtained after quenching, and the carbides after tempering are distributed in a fine spherical dispersion manner, so that the toughness of the steel is improved, the shaping is improved under the condition of not obviously reducing the strength, and the comprehensive mechanical property of the material is obviously improved;
The S20CrMoVS material is low-carbon alloy structural steel, has very high hardenability, no temper brittleness, good welding performance, small tendency of forming cold crack, good machinability and good cold strain plasticity. Generally, it is used in a quenched and tempered or carburized and quenched state. The material needs to obtain high performance, not only needs to perfect a forging process, but also needs a good heat treatment process, and the product obtains fine grains and good toughness through the performance heat treatment process after forging.
The technical indexes of the raw material for producing the cylinder cover of the marine diesel engine moving part by using the S20CrMoVS material are as follows:
the trial-manufactured sample is detected by Zhang Jiagang City Hai Yu Metal materials research Limited company, and all indexes meet the acceptance standard of MAN diesel engine moving parts, and the advanced level of similar products at home and abroad is reached.
Claims (4)
1. A method for producing a marine diesel engine moving part cylinder cover raw material by using an S20CrMoVS material comprises the following steps:
1) Preparing a steel ingot:
A, initial steel making in an eccentric bottom tapping electric arc furnace: proportioning: 70 plus or minus 3 percent of scrap steel and 30 plus or minus 3 percent of pig iron; adopting oxygen fusion combination, wherein the oxidation temperature is more than or equal to 1560 ℃, and the decarburization quantity in the oxidation period is more than or equal to 0.30%; spraying carbon, performing foam slag operation in the whole process, and automatically flowing slag; the components meet the requirements of the end point components of the electric arc furnace, steel is tapped, slag is strictly forbidden to be discharged during tapping, and the tapping temperature is 1650 +/-10 ℃;
b, refining in a ladle refining furnace: firstly, connecting argon, feeding an aluminum wire at the speed of 1.5-2 m/t, and blowing the argon until the mixture is well stirred without breaking slag surface; secondly, after power is transmitted for 10-15 min, sampling and analyzing slag white, and measuring temperature; thirdly, scattering a reducing agent in the refining process, keeping white slag, adding lime and fluorite according to the condition of the slag, adjusting the alloy components to be qualified according to the sampling components; strictly adding ferroalloy, reducing agent and various slag materials within 10min before tapping, keeping white slag for more than or equal to 20min, ensuring that the slag layer has the thickness of 120 +/-10 mm, ensuring that the slag has good fluidity and does not contain unreacted carbon during tapping;
C: refining in a vacuum degassing furnace: stirring in a static argon blowing mode before the vacuum degree reaches 67 Pa; after the vacuum degree reaches 67Pa, ensuring that a molten pool is well boiled by adopting the argon flow when the ladle refining furnace is normally refined, but taking the condition that slag overflow and steel overflow do not occur as a standard; adopting a static argon blowing mode after the air breaking and after the air breaking are started; keeping the vacuum degree of 67Pa for more than 15 minutes; thirdly, after the air is broken, hydrogen is determined and a calcium silicate wire of 3m/t is fed, the static argon blowing time is ensured to be more than or equal to 20 minutes, oxygen is determined when the bag is hung, and a gas analysis sample is taken;
d: pouring a steel ingot;
2) forging: the initial forging temperature of the steel ingot obtained in the step 1) is 1220 ℃, the final forging temperature is 750 ℃, and the forging ratio is more than 36.9: 1;
3) performance heat treatment after forging: quenching: charging at the temperature of less than or equal to 350 ℃, heating to 920 +/-10 ℃ at the temperature of less than or equal to 150 ℃/h, preserving heat for 5-8 h, cooling the water with the water after the water is cooled, controlling the temperature of the water to be 20-30 ℃ and the temperature of the water to be less than or equal to 40 ℃ during cooling, and stirring the cooling water to ensure quick and thorough cooling; the tempering temperature is 685 +/-10 ℃, the temperature is kept for 8-13 h, then the furnace is cooled to below 300 ℃, and the product is discharged from the furnace for air cooling.
2. The method for producing the cylinder cover raw material of the marine diesel engine moving part by using the S20CrMoVS material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the cast steel ingot comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.17-0.22%, Si: less than or equal to 0.45 percent, Mn: 0.95-1.10%, P: less than or equal to 0.035%, S: less than or equal to 0.035%, Cr: 0.90-1.10%, Mo: 0.40-0.50%, Ni: less than or equal to 0.40 percent, Nb: less than or equal to 0.005%, V: 08-0.12%, the rest elements are Fe and other residual elements.
3. the method for producing the cylinder cover raw material of the marine diesel engine moving part by using the S20CrMoVS material as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 2), when the forging temperature is 750-800 ℃, a forging mode of soft beating and quick forging is adopted.
4. the method for producing the cylinder cover raw material of the marine diesel engine moving part by using the S20CrMoVS material as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 3) of the after-forging performance heat treatment, the volume of a water pool of cooling water is 175-297 m 3, and each water pool is provided with 5-7 stirrers for uninterrupted operation.
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