CN102605134A - Manufacture method of vermicular cast iron steam cylinder cover - Google Patents
Manufacture method of vermicular cast iron steam cylinder cover Download PDFInfo
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- CN102605134A CN102605134A CN2012101058015A CN201210105801A CN102605134A CN 102605134 A CN102605134 A CN 102605134A CN 2012101058015 A CN2012101058015 A CN 2012101058015A CN 201210105801 A CN201210105801 A CN 201210105801A CN 102605134 A CN102605134 A CN 102605134A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention relates to a manufacture method of a vermicular cast iron steam cylinder cover. The vermicular cast iron steam cylinder cover is manufactured by the following ingredients according to the following mixture ratio: 75 percent to 85 percent of foundry returns and 15 percent to 25 percent of waste steel. External desulfurization is carried out after the melting, the melting temperature is controlled to be higher than 1500 DEG C, the weight percent of sulphur in desulfurized molten iron is 0.008 percent to 0.2 percent, and ingredients after the refining comprise 3.70 percent to 3.80 percent of carbon, 1.50 percent to 1.60 percent of silicon, at most 0.30 percent of manganese, at most 0.50 percent of phosphorus and 0.008 percent to 0.012 percent of sulphur. The molten iron can be perfectly subjected to vermicularizing treatment, the vermicularity is controlled to be in a proper range, the influence on the vermicularity caused by sulphur content fluctuation is avoided, the casting rejection caused by unqualified vermicularity is reduced, and the cost is reduced. In addition, the vermicular shape can be perfectly controlled, further, the mechanical performance of the vermicular cast iron can be regulated, and the performance requirement of the steam cylinder cover is met.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of manufacture of vermicular cast iron cylinder head.
Background technology
Cylinder head is the disjunctor foundry goods, complex structure, and inhomogeneity of wall thickness is even; When work, receive high pressure and thermal load effect repeatedly, normal cracking and the leakage problems of occurring, cylinder head adopts the casting of graphitic cast iron material more before; Because the graphitic cast iron performance is limited; Just replaced by vermicular cast iron at present, vermicular cast iron is a kind of novel cast iron materials that appears at the sixties in 20th century, and method of manufacture is in molten iron, to add vermiculizer and wriggling of nucleating agent and inoculation and get; Vermicular cast iron can have good intensity, thermal conductivity, wear resistance, solidity to corrosion and thermal fatigue resistance under the mal-condition of high temperature, high pressure and insufficient lubrication; These performances can both well satisfy the job requirement of cylinder head, but because when adopting at present the complicated cylinder head of vermicular cast iron manufacturing structure, control requires high to molten iron; Often bad in manufacturing processed to worm form and nodulizing rate control; Can occur wriggling or owe wriggling and make the performance of cylinder head not reach the situation of requirement, cause the reduction of vermicular cast iron cylinder head qualification rate, increased production cost.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: a kind of worm form and the nodulizing rate that can control well in the manufacturing processed is provided, improves product percent of pass, reduce production cost the method for manufacture of vermicular cast iron cylinder head.
The technical scheme that the present invention taked is: may further comprise the steps:
1) proportioning raw materials: raw material mixes by following weight percent: foundry returns is 75% ~ 85%; Steel scrap 15% ~ 25%; Foundry returns is meant useless spheroidal graphite cast iron, the back of unpacking is from gating system, the rising head of the spheroidal graphite cast iron of casting finish, and steel scrap uses the common non-steel alloy of carbon element;
2) melting: the mixing raw material of cupola melting step 1), control is come out of the stove molten iron temperature greater than 1500 ℃;
3) desulfurization: the molten iron of will coming out of the stove carries out secondary desulfurization to be handled, and the weight percent of sulphur is 0.008% ~ 0.02% in the desulfurized molten iron, adopts the composite desulfurizing agent that contains CaO, and add-on is the 1.30%-1.45% of weight of molten iron;
4) refining adjustment composition: molten iron is heated up in electric furnace, make molten iron temperature be controlled at 1450 ℃ ~ 1470 ℃, refining 2 hours; Composition claimed range: carbon: 3.70%-3.80%, silicon 1.50%-1.60%, manganese≤0.30%, phosphorus≤0.50%, sulphur: 0.008%-0.02%;
5) bottom with hot metal ladle is divided into two zones with dykes and dams, places two kinds of additives in the hot metal ladle, and a kind of is vermiculizer; Another kind is the vermiculizer companion, and vermiculizer and vermiculizer companion are placed on respectively in two zones, and need not cover; Each composition weight percent such as following table in the vermiculizer; The weight percentage corresponding relation of sulphur is R%=0.457+25.7S% in the add-on of vermiculizer and the molten iron, and R%-vermiculizer add-on accounts for weight of molten iron per-cent, sulphur content in S%-base iron;
| RE | Mg | Ca | Si | Zn+Mg | Al | Fe |
| 13—18 | — | 2~3 | 40~42 | 3~4 | 2~3 | Surplus |
6) adopt the method that pours to the processing of wriggling of molten iron: pour the molten iron of step 4) into place the vermiculizer companion in the hot metal ladle zone, make molten iron at first with wriggling companion mixing;
7) treat molten iron overflow dike and vermiculizer mix ignite after, the use granularity is that 3 ~ 8mm nucleating agent 75SiFe carries out current-following inoculation, the add-on of nucleating agent is 0.20% ~ 0.30% of a weight of molten iron;
8) after wriggling processing finishes, pull out the bits on molten iron surface, sprinkle 0.1% ~ 0.2% 75SiFe nucleating agent of weight of molten iron then on the molten iron surface, and with graphite rod after the molten iron surface stirs, sprinkle and gather the slag agent;
9) elder generation according to the fracture apperance that strikes disconnected test wedge, judges whether to begin cast with the molten iron pouring test wedge of step 8) before the cast; During cast; Cover gathering slag agent layer and mustn't pulling out of molten iron surface, in case return sulphur, teeming temperature is controlled at 1350 ℃ ~ 1370 ℃; Do not do current-following inoculation during cast, wriggling processing finishes to be controlled within the 10min to the time that cast finishes.
Adopt the method for manufacture of this vermicular cast iron cylinder head because the fluctuation of low, the composition of sulfur content of raw material is little, vermiculizer and vermiculizer companion be used and usage quantity is controlled according to the content of sulphur in the base iron; Can make well wriggling of molten iron; Add in each step and can control the quantity of quasiflake graphite in the vermicular cast iron preferably, promptly said nodulizing rate the excellent control of temperature; Avoid because the fluctuation of sulphur content to the influence of nodulizing rate; Make nodulizing rate remain on reasonable range, reduce and cause foundry goods to scrap, reduce cost because of nodulizing rate is defective; Can in castingprocesses, the form of centering quasiflake graphite control on the other hand, make quasiflake graphite short thick, long-width ratio is little, and then can adjust the mechanical property of vermicular cast iron, satisfies the performance requriements of cylinder head.
Embodiment
Below through embodiment the present invention is elaborated.
Embodiment one
This example adopts the RuT300 vermicular cast iron to make cylinder head, and the foundry goods thickness is 65mm, thinnest part 10mm, and single-piece foundry goods 167kg, resin sand production, the matrix ferritic, step is following:
1) proportioning raw materials: raw material mixes by following weight percent: foundry returns 900Kg, steel scrap 300Kg, foundry returns be meant useless spheroidal graphite cast iron, the back of unpacking is from gating system, the rising head of the spheroidal graphite cast iron of casting finish, and steel scrap uses the common non-steel alloy of carbon element.
2) melting: come out of the stove 1505 ℃ of molten iron temperatures of the mixing raw material of cupola melting step 1), control, weight of molten iron is 2400Kg.
3) desulfurization: the molten iron of will coming out of the stove carries out secondary desulfurization to be handled, and the weight percent of sulphur is 0.008% in the desulfurized molten iron, and desulfurization is handled and adopted pneumatic stirring process; Sweetening agent adopts the CaO composite desulfurizing agent, and add-on is 31.2Kg, and pneumatic stirring desulphurization method is meant adds sweetening agent in molten iron; Use nitrogen; Charge into hot metal ladle through porous plug, let molten iron and sweetening agent thorough mixing, and react and reduce the sulphur in the molten iron.
4) refining adjustment composition: the molten iron after the desulfurization is heated up in electric furnace, treat that molten iron temperature rises to 1370 ℃ of samplings, the following carbon of composition spectroscopic analysis: 3.75%; Silicon: 1.60%, manganese: 0.20%, phosphorus: 0.040%; Sulphur: 0.010%: continue to be warming up to 1450 ℃, 2 hours time.
5) bottom with hot metal ladle is divided into two zones with dykes and dams, places two kinds of additives in the hot metal ladle, and a kind of is vermiculizer; Another kind is the vermiculizer companion, and the vermiculizer companion is a kind of additive that contains quicklime, and vermiculizer and vermiculizer companion are placed on respectively in two zones; And need not cover; Each composition weight percent such as following table in the vermiculizer, the add-on 16.8Kg of vermiculizer, vermiculizer companion 3Kg.
| RE | Mg | Ca | Si | Zn+Mg | Al | Fe |
| 13—18 | — | 2~3 | 40~42 | 3~4 | 2~3 | Surplus |
6) adopt the method that pours to the processing of wriggling of molten iron: pour the molten iron of step 4) into place the vermiculizer companion in the hot metal ladle zone, make molten iron at first with wriggling companion mixing;
7) treat that molten iron overflows dike and mixes with vermiculizer, make vermiculizer break out just that molten iron seethes and with Bai Yanshi, the use granularity is that the nucleating agent 75SiFe of 3 ~ 8mm carries out current-following inoculation, add-on 4.8 Kg of nucleating agent.
8) after molten iron stops to seethe i.e. wriggling processing end; Pull out the bits on molten iron surface, sprinkle the 75SiFe nucleating agent of 2.4 Kg then on the molten iron surface, and with graphite rod after the molten iron surface stirs; Sprinkle and gather the slag agent, gather the pozzuolanic additive that contains that Japan's product is adopted in the slag agent.
9) elder generation according to the fracture apperance that strikes disconnected test wedge, judges whether to begin cast with the molten iron pouring test wedge of step 7) before the cast; During cast; Cover gathering slag agent layer and mustn't pulling out of molten iron surface, in case return sulphur, teeming temperature is controlled at 1350 ℃ ~ 1370 ℃; Do not do current-following inoculation during cast, wriggling processing finishes to be controlled within the 10min to the time that cast finishes.
Be that this stove foundry goods waters test block (Y25mm) mechanical property and nodulizing rate detected result outward below:
| The test block title | Tensile strength Rm (MPa) | Unit elongation A% | Hardness HB | Nodulizing rate |
| Y25 waters test block outward | 335 | 6.3 | 160 | 85% |
Embodiment two
The foundry goods that this example is produced is with embodiment one, and manufacturing step is following:
1) proportioning raw materials: raw material mixes by following weight percent: foundry returns is 920Kg, and steel scrap 280Kg, foundry returns be meant useless spheroidal graphite cast iron, the back of unpacking is from gating system, the rising head of the spheroidal graphite cast iron of casting finish, and steel scrap uses the common non-steel alloy of carbon element.
2) melting: come out of the stove 1510 ℃ of molten iron temperatures of the mixing raw material of cupola melting step 1), control, weight of molten iron is 2400Kg.
3) desulfurization: the molten iron of will coming out of the stove carries out secondary desulfurization to be handled, and the weight percent of sulphur is 0.016% in the desulfurized molten iron, and desulfurization is handled and adopted pneumatic stirring process; Sweetening agent adopts CaO to meet sweetening agent, add-on 33.6Kg, and the Pneumatic desulphurization method is meant adds sweetening agent in molten iron; Use nitrogen; Charge into hot metal ladle through porous plug, let molten iron and sweetening agent thorough mixing, and react and reduce the sulphur in the molten iron.
4) refining adjustment composition: the molten iron after the desulfurization is heated up in electric furnace, treat that molten iron temperature rises to 1350 ℃ of samplings, the following carbon of composition spectroscopic analysis: 3.80%; Silicon: 1.50%, manganese: 0.13%, phosphorus: 0.028%; Sulphur: 0.016%: continue to be warming up to 1460 ℃, 2 hours time.
5) bottom with hot metal ladle is divided into two zones with dykes and dams, places two kinds of additives in the hot metal ladle, and a kind of is vermiculizer; Another kind is the vermiculizer companion, and the vermiculizer companion is a kind of additive that contains quicklime, and vermiculizer and vermiculizer companion are placed on respectively in two zones; And need not cover; Each composition weight percent such as following table in the vermiculizer, the add-on 21.6Kg of vermiculizer, vermiculizer companion 3Kg.
| RE | Mg | Ca | Si | Zn+Mg | Al | Fe |
| 13—18 | — | 2-3 | 40-42 | 3-4 | 2-3 | Surplus |
6) adopt the method that pours to the processing of wriggling of molten iron: pour the molten iron of step 4) into place the vermiculizer companion in the hot metal ladle zone, make molten iron at first with wriggling companion mixing;
7) treat that molten iron overflows dike and mixes with vermiculizer, make the vermiculizer outburst after, just molten iron seethes and with Bai Yanshi, the use granularity is that the nucleating agent 75SiFe of 3 ~ 8mm carries out current-following inoculation, add-on 7.2 Kg of nucleating agent.
8) after molten iron stops to seethe i.e. wriggling processing end; Pull out the bits on molten iron surface, sprinkle the 75SiFe nucleating agent of 4.8 Kg then on the molten iron surface, and with graphite rod after the molten iron surface stirs; Sprinkle and gather the slag agent, gather the pozzuolanic additive that contains that Japan's product is adopted in the slag agent.
9) elder generation according to the fracture apperance that strikes disconnected test wedge, judges whether to begin cast with the molten iron pouring test wedge of step 7) before the cast; During cast; Cover gathering slag agent layer and mustn't pulling out of molten iron surface, in case return sulphur, teeming temperature is controlled at 1350 ~ 1370 ℃; Do not do current-following inoculation during cast, wriggling processing finishes to be controlled within the 10min to the time that cast finishes.
Be that this stove foundry goods waters test block (Y25mm) mechanical property and nodulizing rate detected result outward below:
| The test block title | Rm(MPa) | A% | HB | Nodulizing rate |
| Y25 waters test block outward | 310 | 3.2 | 142 | 90% |
Claims (4)
1. the method for manufacture of a vermicular cast iron cylinder head is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
1) proportioning raw materials: raw material mixes by following weight percent: foundry returns is 75% ~ 85%, steel scrap 15% ~ 25%;
2) melting: the mixing raw material of cupola melting step 1), control is come out of the stove molten iron temperature greater than 1500 ℃;
3) desulfurization: the molten iron of will coming out of the stove carries out secondary desulfurization to be handled, and the weight percent that makes sulphur in the desulfurized molten iron is 0.008% ~ 0.02%;
4) refining adjustment composition: the molten iron after the desulfurization is heated up in electric furnace, make molten iron temperature be controlled at 1450 ℃ ~ 1470 ℃, refining 2 hours; Each component content is following: carbon: 3.70%-3.80%, silicon 1.50%-1.60%, manganese≤0.30%; Phosphorus≤0.50%, sulphur: 0.008%-0.012%;
5) bottom with hot metal ladle is divided into two zones with dykes and dams, places two kinds of additives in the hot metal ladle, and a kind of is vermiculizer; Another kind is the vermiculizer companion, and vermiculizer and vermiculizer companion are placed on respectively in two zones, and need not cover; Each composition weight percent such as following table in the vermiculizer; The weight percentage corresponding relation of sulphur is R%=0.457+25.7S% in the add-on of vermiculizer and the molten iron, and R%-vermiculizer add-on accounts for weight of molten iron per-cent, sulphur content in S%-molten iron;
6) adopt the method that pours to the processing of wriggling of molten iron: pour the molten iron of step 4) into place the vermiculizer companion in the hot metal ladle zone, make molten iron at first with wriggling companion mixing;
7) treat molten iron overflow dike and vermiculizer mix ignite after, the use nucleating agent carries out current-following inoculation, the add-on of nucleating agent is 0.20% ~ 0.30% of a weight of molten iron;
8) after wriggling processing finishes, pull out the bits on molten iron surface, sprinkle 0.1% ~ 0.2% nucleating agent of weight of molten iron then on the molten iron surface, and with graphite rod after the molten iron surface stirs, sprinkle and gather the slag agent;
9) elder generation according to the fracture apperance that strikes disconnected test wedge, judges whether to begin cast with the molten iron pouring test wedge of step 8) before the cast; During cast; Cover gathering slag agent layer and mustn't pulling out of molten iron surface, in case return sulphur, teeming temperature is controlled at 1350 ℃ ~ 1370 ℃; Do not do current-following inoculation during cast, wriggling processing finishes to be controlled within the 10min to the time that cast finishes.
2. the method for manufacture of vermicular cast iron cylinder head according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the foundry returns of said step 1) is meant useless spheroidal graphite cast iron, gating system, the rising head of back from the spheroidal graphite cast iron of casting finish of unpacking.
3. the method for manufacture of vermicular cast iron cylinder head according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the nucleating agent of said step 7) is 75SiFe, and the granularity of nucleating agent is 3 ~ 8mm.
4. the method for manufacture of vermicular cast iron cylinder head according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the described sweetening agent of step 3) is the sweetening agent that contains CaO, and add-on is 1.30% ~ 1.45% of a weight of molten iron.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102796939A (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2012-11-28 | 丹阳市锦雄机械制造有限公司 | Method for vermicular cast iron by using mixed vermiculizer |
| CN103882173A (en) * | 2014-02-11 | 2014-06-25 | 山东秋辰机械制造有限公司 | Controllable method of vermicular graphite cast iron with same-ladle creep ratio of 10%-90% |
| CN104289665A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2015-01-21 | 西安工业大学 | Surface oxidation-peeling-resistant processing method for cast iron cylinder cover |
| CN104878274A (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2015-09-02 | 江苏金石铸锻有限公司 | Melting method of high-strength vermicular graphite iron |
| CN105403011A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-03-16 | 成都九十度工业产品设计有限公司 | Vertical type stirring vacuum drier |
| CN107779735A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2018-03-09 | 扬州扬子江宝云缸套有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of high intensity vermicular cast iron cylinder sleeve |
| CN108060284A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-05-22 | 山西东方恒略精密铸造有限公司襄汾新盛分公司 | A kind of vermicular cast iron creepage rate method |
| CN110684923A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-01-14 | 湖南新曙光铸造有限公司 | Method for processing nodular cast iron well lid |
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2012
- 2012-04-12 CN CN2012101058015A patent/CN102605134A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102796939A (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2012-11-28 | 丹阳市锦雄机械制造有限公司 | Method for vermicular cast iron by using mixed vermiculizer |
| CN103882173A (en) * | 2014-02-11 | 2014-06-25 | 山东秋辰机械制造有限公司 | Controllable method of vermicular graphite cast iron with same-ladle creep ratio of 10%-90% |
| CN103882173B (en) * | 2014-02-11 | 2015-12-02 | 山东秋辰机械制造有限公司 | Vermicular cast iron is with the controllable method of bag nodulizing rate 10%-90% |
| CN104289665A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2015-01-21 | 西安工业大学 | Surface oxidation-peeling-resistant processing method for cast iron cylinder cover |
| CN104289665B (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2016-06-22 | 西安工业大学 | A kind of Cast Iron Cylinder Head surface oxidation-resistant peels off processing method |
| CN104878274A (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2015-09-02 | 江苏金石铸锻有限公司 | Melting method of high-strength vermicular graphite iron |
| CN105403011A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-03-16 | 成都九十度工业产品设计有限公司 | Vertical type stirring vacuum drier |
| CN107779735A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2018-03-09 | 扬州扬子江宝云缸套有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of high intensity vermicular cast iron cylinder sleeve |
| CN108060284A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-05-22 | 山西东方恒略精密铸造有限公司襄汾新盛分公司 | A kind of vermicular cast iron creepage rate method |
| CN110684923A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-01-14 | 湖南新曙光铸造有限公司 | Method for processing nodular cast iron well lid |
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Application publication date: 20120725 |