CN103556069A - Large-diameter seamless steel tube for high-pressure gas cylinders and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Large-diameter seamless steel tube for high-pressure gas cylinders and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103556069A CN103556069A CN201310536736.6A CN201310536736A CN103556069A CN 103556069 A CN103556069 A CN 103556069A CN 201310536736 A CN201310536736 A CN 201310536736A CN 103556069 A CN103556069 A CN 103556069A
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 168
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 168
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001603 reducing Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003009 desulfurizing Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000016247 Mentha requienii Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000002899 Mentha suaveolens Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000006682 bigleaf mint Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011068 load Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000006679 mint Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002929 anti-fatigue Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000529 magnetic ferrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000954 Medium-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reduced Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N AI2O3 Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010011376 Crepitations Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000760 Hardened steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000756 V alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atoms Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002843 nonmetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissues Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004642 transportation engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, and provides a large-diameter seamless steel tube for high-pressure gas cylinders and a manufacturing method thereof. The large-diameter seamless steel tube for high-pressure gas cylinders comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.30-0.60% of C, 0.20-0.50% of Si, 0.20-0.60% of Mn, at most 0.010% of P, at most 0.010% of S, 0.90-1.70% of Cr, 2.50-3.50% of Ni, 0.25-0.55% of Mo, 0.05-0.25% of V and the balance of Fe. The manufacturing method adopts spongy iron and scrap steel as raw materials for steelmaking. The large-diameter seamless steel tube has the advantages of high heat stability, high strength, impact toughness, stable enduring plasticity, high heat resistance, excellent corrosion resistance and excellent fatigue resistance, and the yield strength is not lower than 1000 MPa.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallurgical technology field, be specifically related to seamless large-diameter pipes and manufacture method thereof for a kind of gas cylinder.
Background technology
Large volume seamless steel gas cylinder is applied wider at home, is mainly used in the fields such as transportation of the industrial gasses such as natural gas liquids.The operating pressure of early stage seamless gas cylinder is lower, and unit weight is smaller, and its material is mainly soft steel.In recent years, along with the raising of seamless gas cylinder operating pressure, the continuous increase of volume to weight ratio, seamless steel gas cylinder with steel from soft steel to medium carbon steel, the development of C-Mn steel and Cr-Mo steel, Cr-Mo is that steel alloy has advantages of in maintenance high strength to have good toughness plasticity simultaneously, thereby is subject to widespread use.At present, the large volume seamless steel gas cylinder operating pressure of domestic use mostly is 20 ~ 25MPa, 30CrMo steel or 35CrMo steel for its material multiselect.But along with the continuous progress of technology, the volume to weight ratio of steel cylinder is required further to improve, operating pressure requires higher than existing 25MPa, to be steel alloy can not satisfy the demand lower than design requirements because of intensity the Cr-Mo such as 35CrMo.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, object of the present invention proposes seamless large-diameter pipes and manufacture method thereof for a kind of gas cylinder.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme for completing above-mentioned purpose:
A kind of gas cylinder seamless large-diameter pipes, the chemical composition of described seamless large-diameter pipes and mass percent are: C:0.30% ~ 0.60%, Si:0.20 ~ 0.50%, Mn:0.20 ~ 0.60%, P :≤0.010%, S :≤0.010%, Cr:0.90 ~ 1.70%, Ni:2.50 ~ 3.50%, Mo:0.25 ~ 0.55%, V:0.05 ~ 0.25%, surplus is Fe.
C is solid-solubilized in base material or as Carbide Precipitation, is the principal element that increases the intensity of steel, and along with C content in steel increases, its yield-point and tensile strength raise, but toughness plasticity reduces; In the present invention, for guaranteeing desirable intensity, C content must be more than 0.30%, if but surpass 0.60%, the toughness plasticity of steel worsens; Therefore, C content is limited to 0.30% ~ 0.60% scope.
Si is good reductor, adds silicon as reductive agent and reductor in steelmaking process, and meanwhile, Si can be dissolved in hardness and the intensity that improves steel in ferrite and austenite, and its effect is only second to P, strong compared with elements such as Mn, Ni, Cr, W, Mo and V; But while surpassing 2.0% containing Si, plasticity and the toughness of steel will significantly be reduced; Therefore, Si is limited to 0.01 ~ 2.0% scope; Yet, from the viewpoint of intensity-toughness plasticity balance, preferably Si content is limited in 0.20 ~ 0.50% scope.
Mn is good reductor and sweetening agent, adds a certain amount of Mn in steel, can eliminate or weaken the red brittleness due to the caused steel of S, thereby improves the hot workability of steel; Mn forms sosoloid with Fe in steel, improves ferrite and austenitic hardness and intensity in steel; Be again carbide forming element simultaneously, enter in cementite and replace a part of Fe atom, Mn can reduce critical transition temperature, plays the effect of refine pearlite, also indirectly plays and improves perlitic steel intensity; Mn is stable is that the ability of austenite structure is only second to Ni, also strongly increases the hardening capacity of steel; But Mn easily causes grain growth when content is more in steel, cause steel grade to become essential coarse-grained steel; Meanwhile, Mn easily forms MnS with S, causes the solidity to corrosion decline of steel, thus in steel Mn content generally not higher than 0.6%; Therefore, manganese content is preferably on the low side, but economy when producing considers, allowing its scope is 0.20 ~ 0.60%.
In the ordinary course of things, P is harmful element in steel, can increase the cold shortness of steel, reduces toughness plasticity, and cold-bending property is degenerated; Therefore the P content of weldless steel tube is less than or equal to 0.010%.
S is also harmful element under normal conditions, makes steel produce red brittleness, reduces ductility and the toughness of steel, causes crackle when forging and rolling; Yet S can reduce the erosion resistance of steel, so conventionally require S content to be less than 0.055%, the S content of weldless steel tube is less than or equal to 0.010%.
Cr can increase the hardening capacity of steel and have secondary hardening effect, improves intensity, hardness and the wear resistance of steel and does not make steel become fragile, but can reduce unit elongation and relative reduction in area; The Main Function of Cr in modified structure iron is to improve hardening capacity, makes steel after Q-tempering, have good comprehensive mechanical property, in converted steel, can also form the carbide containing Cr, thereby improves the wear resistance of material surface; Thereby the Cr content in structural alloy steel is generally higher than 0.9%, to guarantee intensity, hardness and the hardening capacity of steel; In steel, during Cr too high levels, the ductile-brittle transition temperature of steel significantly improves, and meanwhile, the temper brittleness of steel significantly increases, thus the Cr content in this kind of steel generally not higher than 1.7%, the Cr content of weldless steel tube is restricted to 0.90 ~ 1.70%.
Ni can be when improving hardness of steel, little compared with the impact of other alloying elements on the infringement of the toughness of steel, plasticity and other processing performances; For medium carbon steel, because Ni reduces perlitic transformation temperature, perlite is attenuated; Due to Ni, reduce again the ni content of eutectoid point, thereby and the carbon steel ratio of identical C content, its pearlite fraction is more, makes containing the carbon steel of the more identical C content of intensity of the pearlitic ferrite steel of Ni high; Ni can improve steel to tired drag and reduce the susceptibility of steel to breach, can reduce again the low temperature brittleness transition temperature of steel, and this has epochmaking meaning to Cryogenic Steel; In addition, Ni adds can not only be acidproof in steel, and energy alkali resistant, and atmosphere and salt are had to resistance to corrosion; Due to the toughness of this steel grade to material, ductile-brittle transition temperature, notch sensitivities etc. are had relatively high expectations, thereby the Ni content in steel is higher than 2.5%; But because domestic Ni content is less, Ni price is high, Cr-Ni steel easily produces temper brittleness and white point simultaneously, from factors such as costs, considers, Ni content is not higher than 3.5%; Therefore the Ni content of weldless steel tube is controlled at 2.50 ~ 3.50%.
Mo can improve hardening capacity and heat resistance in steel, and crystal grain thinning prevents temper brittleness, increases the corrosion stability of steel in some medium; When high temperature, keep enough intensity and creep resisting abilities; In quenched and tempered steel, Mo can make that the part of larger section is quenched deeply, through hardening, improves temper resistance or the temper resistance of steel, makes the part can be in tempering under comparatively high temps, thereby more effectively eliminates unrelieved stress, improves plasticity; In structural alloy steel, Mo constituent content is generally higher than the 0.25% rear good action that just plays, and when Mo content surpasses 0.55%, can make on the contrary high temper steel become fragile; Therefore in weldless steel tube, the content of Mo is controlled at 0.25 ~ 0.55%.
V main form with carbide in steel exists; Its Main Function is tissue and the crystal grain of refinement steel, reduces the superheated susceptivity of steel, improves intensity and the toughness of steel; V can increase the temper resistance of hardened steel, and produces secondary hardening effect; For keeping the V can thinning microstructure crystal grain, improve obdurability and hardening capacity, the general >0.05% of V content in structural alloy steel, in structural alloy steel, for fear of temper brittleness, the content of V should be higher than 0.25%, so in weldless steel tube, the content of V is controlled at 0.05 ~ 0.25%.
The preparation method of seamless large-diameter pipes for a kind of gas cylinder, described manufacture method adopts sponge iron and steel scrap to do steelmaking feed, with electric arc furnace, be fused into molten steel, after external refining and vacuum outgas, be molded into circular pipe, cooled die casting pipe is heated in rotary heating furnace, heat centering, hot piercing, periodically rolling, through determining reducing and rolling, cooling, fixed length sawing, aligning; After flaw detection, carry out normalizing thermal treatment, tempering, hot size, hot straightening, finally flaw detection; Concrete steps are as follows:
(1), the proportioning of raw material: 75 ~ 85 parts of steel scraps, 15 ~ 25 parts of sponge iron;
(2), raw material is dropped in electric arc furnace, after energising heating, raw material is melted into molten steel gradually, adopts and blows end stirring technique simultaneously, accelerates the fusing of steel and the homogenizing of heating, and the furnace temperature of final electric arc furnace reaches 1500 ~ 1600 ℃, and has made the slag of melting period;
(3), in electric arc furnace, drop into 0.246 ~ 0.274 part, quickened lime stone, the nozzle by being arranged on electric arc furnace bottom is blown into oxygen and argon gas to molten bath in electric arc furnace simultaneously, makes sulphur, phosphorus impurities element in molten steel on molten steel, form slag; And the chemical composition of Real-Time Monitoring molten steel, when the chemical composition of molten steel does not reach the necessary chemical composition of seamless large-diameter pipes, in electric arc furnace, drop into sponge iron or other iron alloy; Make the chemical composition in molten steel arrive the necessary chemical composition of seamless large-diameter pipes;
(4), in LF cast refining bag, pour CaO-Al into
2o
30.30 ~ 0.33 part, base essence slag, and then the qualified molten steel of the composition obtaining in step (3) is injected to LF cast refining bag, simultaneously to carrying out oxygen blast, molten steel and CaO-Al in electric arc furnace
2o
3base essence slag melts in the electric arc furnace of oxidizing atmosphere, insulation, dephosphorization, decarburization and alloying; Stir molten steel simultaneously;
(5), at 130L/(mint) strong mixing condition under in LF cast refining bag, be blown into argon gas, carry out degassed, deoxidation, desulfurization is processed, and drops into pure metal powder while stirring in molten steel simultaneously, object is removal of inclusions and carries out trimming;
(6), LF is poured into a mould in refining bag and vacuumized, the hydrogen in minimizing steel; Under vacuum condition, to dropping into silicon in molten steel, carrying out deoxidation, there is boiling phenomenon in molten steel immediately, and in steel, gas is overflowed, and inclusion also forms slag along with boiling stirring face floating, carries out the operation of dehydrogenation, denitrogenation;
(7), molten steel is poured onto to cross section is in circular grinding tool, is cooled to and approaches room temperature, carries out subsequently cogging, excision cap mouth and some unwanted parts, can obtain with the necessary chemical composition of seamless large-diameter pipes and require consistent steel billet;
(8), the resulting steel billet of step (7) is carried out entering straightener after throwing,, until strand aligning and after completing and solidifying, by cutting unit, cut into the die casting pipe of scale;
(9), by being cooled to 650 ℃ of following die casting pipes to send in rotary heating furnace, heat, make the temperature of pipe evenly reach 1250 ~ 1280 ℃, in the time of 1240 ~ 1260 ℃, die casting pipe is carried out to heat centering, in the time of 1150 ~ 1230 ℃, die casting pipe is carried out to hot piercing, in the time of 1050 ~ 1150 ℃, die casting pipe is carried out to periodicity tandem rolling; While carrying out periodicity rolling, due to the different effects that are circumferentially all subject to even rolling load of steel pipe; By the roll location in controlled rolling process and roll gap, thereby reach the object of controlling thickness of steel pipe and form variations, prevent thickness of steel pipe inhomogeneous excessive with ovality; Meanwhile, due to periodicity continuous rolling process, the linearity of steel pipe is higher, and sinuousness is less;
(10), after determining reducing and rolling, cooling, fixed length sawing, aligning, flaw detection, heat-treat, in the time of 1000 ~ 1050 ℃, use normalizing furnace normalizing, prevent oxidation;
(11), in the time of 680 ~ 720 ℃, with annealing furnace, carry out tempering, to eliminate the unrelieved stress in steel pipe; While being cooled to 600 ~ 620 ℃ after tempering, carry out hot size, while being cooled to 500 ~ 550 ℃ after hot size, carry out hot straightening, finally detect a flaw, be made into circular pipe.
The mechanical property of weldless steel tube prepared by employing aforesaid method is according to the sampling of ASTM standard-required and the sample preparation of the U.S., and the index that its mechanical property reaches is as follows:
Yield strength (R
p0.2):>=1000MPa;
Tensile strength (R
m):>=1200MPa;
Unit elongation (A): >=20%;
Hardness (HB): 296 ~ 400;
Impelling strength: >=80J (20 ℃);
Wall thickness deviation :≤wall thickness that ± 8.5t%(t is weldless steel tube);
Outside diameter tolerance :≤diameter that ± 0.5d%(d is weldless steel tube).
Seamless large-diameter pipes and manufacture method thereof for a kind of gas cylinder that the present invention proposes, by periodicity continuous rolling process, make seamless steel pipe for gas cylinder there is wall thickness even, surface quality is high, the features such as fine microstructures, by follow-up thermal treatment (normalizing+tempering) and straightening process, make the mechanical property of seamless steel pipe for gas cylinder body, hot strength, corrosion resistance nature and anti-fatigue performance reach the desired level of standard, in the pressure and temperature range of its operation, there is sufficient safety margin, can meet the requirement of the anticorrosive and antifatigue of body simultaneously, by periodicity tandem rolling and follow-up tempering process, effectively control the geometrical dimension of steel pipe, unrelieved stress and form variations, can guarantee the mechanical property of body, hot strength, corrosion resistance nature and anti-fatigue performance, be applicable to operating pressure higher than the gas cylinder of 25MPa, in sum, the present invention adopts the Heat stability is good of the resulting seamless large-diameter pipes of above-mentioned manufacture method, intensity high, and thering is good impelling strength, stable rupture ductility, high thermostrength, excellent corrosion resistance nature and anti-fatigue performance, its yield strength is not less than 1000MPa.
Embodiment
In conjunction with specific embodiments the present invention is further described:
The above operating pressure gas cylinder of 25MPa is C 0.35 by chemical composition and the mass percent of seamless large-diameter pipes, and Si 0.35, and Mn 0.27, and Cr 1.35, and Ni 2.95, and Mo 0.35, and V 0.14, and P 0.007, and S 0.005, and other is Fe.
The preparation method of seamless large-diameter pipes for a kind of gas cylinder, described manufacture method adopts sponge iron and steel scrap to do steelmaking feed, with electric arc furnace, be fused into molten steel, after external refining and vacuum outgas, be molded into circular pipe, cooled die casting pipe is heated in rotary heating furnace, heat centering, hot piercing, periodically rolling, through determining reducing and rolling, cooling, fixed length sawing, aligning; After flaw detection, carry out normalizing thermal treatment, tempering, hot size, hot straightening, finally flaw detection; Concrete steps are as follows:
(1), the proportioning of raw material: 75 ~ 85 parts of steel scraps, 15 ~ 25 parts of sponge iron;
(2), raw material is dropped in electric arc furnace, after energising heating, raw material is melted into molten steel gradually, adopts and blows end stirring technique simultaneously, accelerates the fusing of steel and the homogenizing of heating, and the furnace temperature of final electric arc furnace reaches 1500 ~ 1600 ℃, and has made the slag of melting period;
(3), in electric arc furnace, drop into 0.246 ~ 0.274 part, quickened lime stone, the nozzle by being arranged on electric arc furnace bottom is blown into oxygen and argon gas to molten bath in stove simultaneously, makes sulphur, phosphorus impurities element in molten steel on molten steel, form slag; And the chemical composition of Real-Time Monitoring molten steel, when the chemical composition of molten steel does not reach the necessary chemical composition of seamless large-diameter pipes, in electric arc furnace, drop into sponge iron or other iron alloy; Make the chemical composition in molten steel arrive the necessary chemical composition of seamless large-diameter pipes; Other iron alloy comprises and contains Si, Mn, Cr, Ni, Mo, V alloy element, and its add-on is specifically determined by molten steel composition;
(4), in LF cast refining bag, pour CaO-Al into
2o
30.30 ~ 0.33 part, base essence slag, then the qualified molten steel of the composition obtaining in step (3) is injected to LF cast refining bag, the object of pouring CaO-Al2O3 base essence slag into is when molten steel is poured in refining ladle, impact by molten steel makes synthetic slag emulsification, slag and steel fully mix, and then calm, the slag of emulsification drips floating, to complete the refining task of desulfurization, part deoxidation, removal nonmetal inclusion, then molten steel and CaO-Al
2o
3base essence slag melts in the stove of oxidizing atmosphere, insulation, dephosphorization, decarburization and alloying; Stir molten steel simultaneously;
(5), at 130L/(mint) strong mixing condition under in LF cast refining bag, be blown into argon gas, carry out degassed, deoxidation, desulfurization is processed, and drops into pure metal powder while stirring in molten steel simultaneously, object is removal of inclusions and carries out trimming;
(6), LF is poured into a mould in refining bag and vacuumized, the hydrogen in minimizing steel; Under vacuum condition, to dropping into silicon in molten steel, carrying out deoxidation, there is boiling phenomenon in molten steel immediately, and in steel, gas is overflowed, and inclusion also forms slag along with boiling stirring face floating, carries out the operation of dehydrogenation, denitrogenation;
(7), molten steel being poured onto to cross section is in circular grinding tool, be cooled to and approach room temperature, carry out subsequently cogging, because the impact such as the speed of cooling when solidifying and gas in cap mouth place steel billet makes this place's impurity content higher, therefore excise cap mouth and some unwanted parts, can obtain with the necessary chemical composition of seamless large-diameter pipes and require consistent steel billet;
(8), the resulting steel billet of step (7) is carried out entering straightener after throwing,, until strand aligning and after completing and solidifying, by cutting unit, cut into the die casting pipe of scale;
(9), by being cooled to 650 ℃ of following die casting pipes to send in rotary heating furnace, heat, make the temperature of pipe evenly reach 1250 ~ 1280 ℃, in the time of 1240 ~ 1260 ℃, die casting pipe is carried out to heat centering, in the time of 1150 ~ 1230 ℃, die casting pipe is carried out to hot piercing, the PQF tri-roller limiting mandrel tandem rolling pipe machines that adopt German SMS Meer/INNSE company to produce in the time of 1050 ~ 1150 ℃ carry out periodicity tandem rolling to die casting pipe; While carrying out periodicity rolling, due to the different effects that are circumferentially all subject to even rolling load of steel pipe; By the roll location in controlled rolling process and roll gap, thereby reach the object of controlling thickness of steel pipe and form variations, prevent thickness of steel pipe inhomogeneous excessive with ovality; Meanwhile, due to periodicity continuous rolling process, the linearity of steel pipe is higher, and sinuousness is less.
(10), after determining reducing and rolling, cooling, fixed length sawing, aligning, flaw detection, heat-treat, in the time of 1000 ~ 1050 ℃, use normalizing furnace normalizing, prevent oxidation;
(11), in the time of 680 ~ 720 ℃, with annealing furnace, carry out tempering, to eliminate the unrelieved stress in steel pipe; While being cooled to 600 ~ 620 ℃ after tempering, carry out hot size, while being cooled to 500 ~ 550 ℃ after hot size, carry out hot straightening, finally detect a flaw, be made into circular pipe.
The mechanical property of weldless steel tube prepared by employing aforesaid method is according to the sampling of ASTM standard-required and the sample preparation of the U.S., and the index that its mechanical property reaches is as follows:
Yield strength (R
p0.2):>=1000MPa;
Tensile strength (R
m):>=1200MPa;
Unit elongation (A): >=20%;
Hardness (HB): 296 ~ 400;
Impelling strength: >=80J (20 ℃);
Wall thickness deviation :≤wall thickness that ± 8.5t%(t is weldless steel tube);
Outside diameter tolerance :≤diameter that ± 0.5d%(d is weldless steel tube).
In the manufacture method of above-mentioned weldless steel tube, the moulding of the melting of molten steel, refining, die casting pipe is proven technique in prior art, at this, does not do too much explanation.
Claims (2)
1. a gas cylinder seamless large-diameter pipes, the chemical composition of described seamless large-diameter pipes and mass percent are: C:0.30% ~ 0.60%, Si:0.20 ~ 0.50%, Mn:0.20 ~ 0.60%, P :≤0.010%, S :≤0.010%, Cr:0.90 ~ 1.70%, Ni:2.50 ~ 3.50%, Mo:0.25 ~ 0.55%, V:0.05 ~ 0.25%, surplus is Fe.
2. the preparation method of seamless large-diameter pipes described in preparation claim 1, it is characterized in that: iron and steel scrap are done steelmaking feed, with electric arc furnace, be fused into molten steel, after external refining and vacuum outgas, be molded into circular pipe, cooled die casting pipe is heated in rotary heating furnace, heat centering, hot piercing, periodically rolling, through determining reducing and rolling, cooling, fixed length sawing, aligning; After flaw detection, carry out normalizing thermal treatment, tempering, hot size, hot straightening, finally flaw detection; Concrete steps are as follows:
(1), the proportioning of raw material: 75 ~ 85 parts of steel scraps, 15 ~ 25 parts of sponge iron;
(2), raw material is dropped in electric arc furnace, after energising heating, raw material is melted into molten steel gradually, adopts and blows end stirring technique simultaneously, accelerates the fusing of steel and the homogenizing of heating, and the furnace temperature of final electric arc furnace reaches 1500 ~ 1600 ℃, and has made the slag of melting period;
(3), in electric arc furnace, drop into 0.246 ~ 0.274 part, quickened lime stone, the nozzle by being arranged on electric arc furnace bottom is blown into oxygen and argon gas to molten bath in electric arc furnace simultaneously, makes sulphur, phosphorus impurities element in molten steel on molten steel, form slag; And the chemical composition of Real-Time Monitoring molten steel, when the chemical composition of molten steel does not reach the necessary chemical composition of seamless large-diameter pipes, in electric arc furnace, drop into sponge iron or other iron alloy; Make the chemical composition in molten steel arrive the necessary chemical composition of seamless large-diameter pipes;
(4), in LF cast refining bag, pour CaO-Al into
2o
30.30 ~ 0.33 part, base essence slag, and then the qualified molten steel of the composition obtaining in step (3) is injected to LF cast refining bag, simultaneously to carrying out oxygen blast, molten steel and CaO-Al in electric arc furnace
2o
3base essence slag melts in the electric arc furnace of oxidizing atmosphere, insulation, dephosphorization, decarburization and alloying; Stir molten steel simultaneously;
(5), at 130L/(mint) strong mixing condition under in LF cast refining bag, be blown into argon gas, carry out degassed, deoxidation, desulfurization is processed, and drops into pure metal powder while stirring in molten steel simultaneously, object is removal of inclusions and carries out trimming;
(6), LF is poured into a mould in refining bag and vacuumized, the hydrogen in minimizing steel; Under vacuum condition, to dropping into silicon in molten steel, carrying out deoxidation, there is boiling phenomenon in molten steel immediately, and in steel, gas is overflowed, and inclusion also forms slag along with boiling stirring face floating, carries out the operation of dehydrogenation, denitrogenation;
(7), molten steel is poured onto to cross section is in circular grinding tool, is cooled to and approaches room temperature, carries out subsequently cogging, excision cap mouth and some unwanted parts, can obtain with the necessary chemical composition of seamless large-diameter pipes and require consistent steel billet;
(8), the resulting steel billet of step (7) is carried out entering straightener after throwing,, until strand aligning and after completing and solidifying, by cutting unit, cut into the die casting pipe of scale;
(9), by being cooled to 650 ℃ of following die casting pipes to send in rotary heating furnace, heat, make the temperature of pipe evenly reach 1250 ~ 1280 ℃, in the time of 1240 ~ 1260 ℃, die casting pipe is carried out to heat centering, in the time of 1150 ~ 1230 ℃, die casting pipe is carried out to hot piercing, in the time of 1050 ~ 1150 ℃, die casting pipe is carried out to periodicity tandem rolling; While carrying out periodicity rolling, due to the different effects that are circumferentially all subject to even rolling load of steel pipe; By the roll location in controlled rolling process and roll gap, thereby reach the object of controlling thickness of steel pipe and form variations, prevent thickness of steel pipe inhomogeneous excessive with ovality; Meanwhile, due to periodicity continuous rolling process, the linearity of steel pipe is higher, and sinuousness is less;
(10), after determining reducing and rolling, cooling, fixed length sawing, aligning, flaw detection, heat-treat, in the time of 1000 ~ 1050 ℃, use normalizing furnace normalizing, prevent oxidation;
(11), in the time of 680 ~ 720 ℃, with annealing furnace, carry out tempering, to eliminate the unrelieved stress in steel pipe; While being cooled to 600 ~ 620 ℃ after tempering, carry out hot size, while being cooled to 500 ~ 550 ℃ after hot size, carry out hot straightening, finally detect a flaw, be made into circular pipe.
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| CN104878310A (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2015-09-02 | 成都格瑞特高压容器有限责任公司 | High-pressure seamless gas storage steel cylinder and manufacturing process |
| CN105127200A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2015-12-09 | 中国钢研科技集团有限公司 | Manufacturing method for pressurizer surge line of nuclear power plant |
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