CN110551676B - 一种可提取获得巨大戟醇的续随子愈伤组织细胞悬浮培养方法 - Google Patents
一种可提取获得巨大戟醇的续随子愈伤组织细胞悬浮培养方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种可提取获得巨大戟醇的续随子愈伤组织细胞悬浮培养的方法,包括以下步骤:1)将续随子无菌苗的根部作为外植体,接入愈伤组织诱导培养基中进行培养,获得愈伤组织;2)愈伤组织切分成小块接入继代培养基中进行继代培养;3)将愈伤组织夹碎接种到悬浮培养的液体培养基中,进行振荡培养;4)悬浮培养更新培养液进行继代培养;5)收集悬浮细胞为原料,经分离制备可获得巨大戟醇和续随子二萜醇。应用本方法获得的续随子悬浮细胞增殖速度快,可稳定地从悬浮细胞中提取获得巨大戟醇和续随子二萜醇,为续随子规模化细胞培养及巨大戟醇生物合成工业化生产提供技术支撑,具有重要的应用价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及植物组织培养技术领域,具体涉及一种可提取获得巨大戟醇的续随子愈伤组织细胞悬浮培养方法。
背景技术
续随子(Euphorbia lathryis L.)是大戟科(Euphorbiaceae)大戟属二年生草本植物,原产欧洲,在我国分布广泛,其种子含油量高达45%,具有替代石油作为新能源的潜力,是一种理想的能源植物。同时续随子的干燥种子(千金子)是我国传统的中药,具有破血散结、逐水消肿的功效。现代医学研究发现续随子提取物还具有抗肿瘤、抗癌和美白等功效。近些年,国内外研究人员又从续随子中、发现抗癌抗艾滋病等药理活性成分,其中巨大戟烷二萜类化合物巨大戟醇具有重要价值,是工业半合成生产巨大戟醇甲基丁烯酸酯的原料。然而,巨大戟醇仅在续随子等少数大戟属植物中微量分布,从续随子中提取分离的得率仅为0.03%,比直接从植物中分离青蒿素的得率低近17倍,因此半合成最终获得巨大戟醇甲基丁烯酸酯的成本也很高。2013年,LEO制药公司联合美国斯克里普斯研究所研究了巨大戟醇14步全合成方法,但需依赖手性催化剂,且得率仅为1%左右,因而全合成工艺难度大成本高,难以产业化生产。
植物细胞悬浮培养是将植物愈伤组织细胞团悬浮在液体培养基中进行振荡培养,使小细胞团始终处于分散悬浮状态,利于其充分地均匀地接触培养液。细胞悬浮培养具有生长迅速、繁殖规模大、产物均一可控等优点,已被广泛应用于植物次生代谢产物的工业生产。在植物细胞悬浮培养过程中,培养基组成及培养条件是影响其细胞生长代谢的重要因素,为了获得特定的细胞代谢产物,建立合适的稳定的细胞悬浮培养体系是一项重要的基础工作。目前续随子愈伤组织细胞悬浮培养技术还不够完善,对其次生代谢产物的合成调控效果还不理想,因此想利用续随子细胞悬浮培养生产巨大戟醇等次生代谢产物就必须通过调整优化培养基中各组分的配比等途径,摸索出能够稳定地提取获得目标产物的细胞悬浮培养方法。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种可提取获得巨大戟醇的续随子愈伤组织细胞悬浮培养的方法。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供以下技术方案:
一种可提取获得巨大戟醇的续随子愈伤组织细胞悬浮培养方法,包括以下步骤:1)将续随子无菌苗的根部作为外植体,切成1~1.5cm长度,接入愈伤组织诱导培养基中进行培养,培养温度为24~26℃,光照强度1800~2000lx,光照时间12h/d。20~25d诱导出愈伤组织;2)选择淡黄色、松散型的愈伤组织,切分成0.5cm2小块接入到继代培养基中进行继代培养,每20~25d继代一次,连续继代4~5次后获得生长旺盛、颗粒小且疏松的愈伤组织,愈伤组织继代培养条件与诱导培养条件相同;3)将继代培养的愈伤组织夹碎接种到细胞悬浮培养基中,接种量为50~60g/L,振荡培养条件为转速100~120r/min,培养温度为24~26℃,光照强度1800~2000lx,光照时间12h/d;4)每12~14d进行悬浮培养液更新继代,继代培养条件不变。5)收集悬浮细胞为原料,经分离制备可获得巨大戟醇和续随子二萜醇。
上述步骤1)中所述的愈伤组织诱导培养基为固体培养基,其配方为:MS培养基+1.5mg/L 2,4-D+0.5mg/L 6-BA+30g/L蔗糖+7g/L琼脂,pH值为5.8。
上述步骤2)中所述的愈伤组织继代培养基为固体培养基,其配方为:MS培养基+1.0mg/L 2,4-D+0.3mg/L 6-BA+40g/L蔗糖+8g/L琼脂,pH值为5.8。
上述步骤3)中所述的愈伤细胞悬浮培养基为液体培养基,其配方为:MS培养基+1.0mg/L 2,4-D+0.3mg/L 6-BA+200mg/L水解酪蛋白+40g/L蔗糖,pH值为5.8。
上述步骤4)中所述的悬浮细胞为原料,经提取分离可制备获得巨大戟醇和续随子二萜醇。
本发明的有益效果:本发明提供了一种可提取获得巨大戟醇的续随子愈伤组织细胞悬浮培养方法,通过将续随子无菌苗的根部作为外植体,经过愈伤组织的诱导培养和继代培养获得了生长旺盛、颗粒小、疏松的愈伤组织,再经由悬浮培养加快了细胞繁殖速度,收集悬浮细胞进行冻干处理后,提取获得了巨大戟醇和续随子二萜醇等目标产物,为续随子规模化细胞培养及次生代谢产物工业化生产提供了技术支撑。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进行详细的说明,但是不能把它们理解为对本发明保护范围的限定。
实施例1
在超净工作台中,从培养瓶中取出续随子种子无菌播种培养30d的无菌苗,用灭菌处理过的刀镊切取根部,切成1cm长度的小段,接入愈伤组织诱导培养基中进行培养。愈伤组织诱导培养基的配方为:MS培养基+1.5mg/L 2,4-D+0.5mg/L 6-BA+30g/L蔗糖+7g/L琼脂,pH值为5.8。培养温度为24℃,光照强度2000lx,光照时间12h/d。20d后观察到在根段两头长出白色和淡黄色的愈伤组织。
选择淡黄色、松散型的愈伤组织,将其切成0.5cm2小块接入到继代培养基中进行愈伤组织继代培养,继代培养基为固体培养基,其配方为:MS培养基+1.0mg/L 2,4-D+0.3mg/L 6-BA+40g/L蔗糖+8g/L琼脂,pH值为5.8。愈伤组织继代培养条件与诱导培养条件相同。每20d继代一次,继代时可观察到愈伤组织明显增殖了,连续继代4次后获得生长旺盛、颗粒小且疏松的淡黄色愈伤组织。
在已灭菌的150mL的三角瓶中加入50mL细胞悬浮培养液体培养基,将继代培养的生长旺盛、颗粒小且疏松的淡黄色愈伤组织用镊子夹碎,接种到的液体培养基中,接种量为50g/L,即每个三角瓶中接入3g愈伤组织,轻轻摇晃三角瓶,使其分散开。愈伤细胞悬浮培养基的配方为:MS培养基+1.0mg/L 2,4-D+0.3mg/L 6-BA+200mg/L水解酪蛋白+40g/L蔗糖,pH值为5.8。将悬浮细胞进行振荡培养,转速为120r/min,培养温度为24℃,光照强度2000lx,光照时间12h/d。
每12d进行一次悬浮培养液更新继代,将三角瓶静置后倒去旧的液体培养基,加入新的培养基,继代培养条件不变。
继代5次后,过滤收集悬浮细胞冷冻干燥后,研细得悬浮细胞干粉。取该干粉10g加入甲醇超声提取3次,每次甲醇用量为200mL,合并3次提取液得甲醇提取液,减压浓缩至50mL,加入10%NaOH溶液,调pH至12,置35℃水浴水解1.5h,用0.4mol/L醋酸溶液调pH至中性,得碱水解液。上述碱水解液50℃减压浓缩至无醇味,加等体积乙酸乙酯萃取3次,合并3次乙酸乙酯萃取液50℃减压浓缩得悬浮细胞酯浸膏,上样行硅胶色谱柱层析,以二氯甲烷-甲醇(10:1)为洗脱剂,通过柱层析分离得到巨大戟醇4mg和续随子二萜醇8mg。
实施例2
在超净工作台中,从培养瓶中取出续随子种子无菌播种培养30d的无菌苗,用灭菌处理过的刀镊切取根部,切成1.5cm长度的小段,接入愈伤组织诱导培养基中进行培养。愈伤组织诱导培养基的配方为:MS培养基+1.5mg/L 2,4-D+0.5mg/L 6-BA+30g/L蔗糖+7g/L琼脂,pH值为5.8。培养温度为26℃,光照强度1800lx,光照时间12h/d。25d后观察到在根段两头长出白色和淡黄色的愈伤组织。
选择淡黄色、松散型的愈伤组织,将其切成0.5cm2小块接入到继代培养基中进行愈伤组织继代培养,继代培养基为固体培养基,其配方为:MS培养基+1.0mg/L 2,4-D+0.3mg/L 6-BA+40g/L蔗糖+8g/L琼脂,pH值为5.8。愈伤组织继代培养条件与诱导培养条件相同。每25d继代一次,继代时可观察到愈伤组织明显增殖了,连续继代5次后获得生长旺盛、颗粒小且疏松的淡黄色愈伤组织。
在已灭菌的150mL的三角瓶中加入50mL细胞悬浮培养液体培养基,将继代培养的生长旺盛、颗粒小且疏松的淡黄色愈伤组织用镊子夹碎,接种到的液体培养基中,接种量为60g/L,即每个三角瓶中接入3g愈伤组织,轻轻摇晃三角瓶,使其分散开。愈伤细胞悬浮培养基的配方为:MS培养基+1.0mg/L 2,4-D+0.3mg/L 6-BA+200mg/L水解酪蛋白+40g/L蔗糖,pH值为5.8。将悬浮细胞进行振荡培养,转速为100r/min,培养温度为26℃,光照强度1800lx,光照时间12h/d。
每14d进行一次悬浮培养液更新继代,将三角瓶静置后倒去旧的液体培养基,加入新的培养基,继代培养条件不变。
继代8次后,过滤收集悬浮细胞冷冻干燥后,研细得悬浮细胞干粉。取该干粉10g加入甲醇超声提取3次,每次甲醇用量为200mL,合并3次提取液得甲醇提取液,减压浓缩至50mL,加入10%NaOH溶液,调pH至12,置35℃水浴水解1.5h,用0.4mol/L醋酸溶液调pH至中性,得碱水解液。上述碱水解液50℃减压浓缩至无醇味,加等体积乙酸乙酯萃取3次,合并3次乙酸乙酯萃取液50℃减压浓缩得悬浮细胞酯浸膏,上样行硅胶色谱柱层析,以二氯甲烷-甲醇(10:1)为洗脱剂,通过柱层析分离得到巨大戟醇5mg和续随子二萜醇7mg。
以上实例仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (1)
1.一种可提取获得巨大戟醇的续随子愈伤组织细胞悬浮培养方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
1)将续随子无菌苗的根部作为外植体,切成1~1.5cm长度,接入愈伤组织诱导培养基中进行培养,愈伤组织诱导培养基的配方为:MS培养基+1.5mg/L2,4-D+0.5mg/L 6-BA+30g/L蔗糖+7g/L琼脂,pH值为5.8,培养温度为24~26℃,光照强度1800~2000lx,光照时间12h/d;
2)选择淡黄色、松散型的愈伤组织,切分成边长0.5cm的正方形小块接入到继代培养基中进行继代培养,继代培养基的配方为:MS培养基+1.0mg/L 2,4-D+0.3mg/L 6-BA+40g/L蔗糖+8g/L琼脂,pH值为5.8。每20~25d继代一次,连续继代4~5次后获得生长旺盛、颗粒小且疏松的愈伤组织,愈伤组织继代培养条件与诱导培养条件相同;
3)将继代培养的愈伤组织夹碎接种到细胞悬浮培养基中,细胞悬浮培养基的配方为:MS培养基+1.0mg/L 2,4-D+0.3mg/L 6-BA+200mg/L水解酪蛋白+40g/L蔗糖,pH值为5.8,接种量为50~60g/L,振荡培养条件为转速100~120r/min,培养温度为24~26℃,光照强度1800~2000lx,光照时间12h/d;
4)每12~14d进行悬浮培养液更新继代,继代培养条件不变;
5)收集悬浮细胞为原料,经提取分离可制备获得巨大戟醇和续随子二萜醇。
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