CN110543739A - Circuit simulation model of overhead power transmission line - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a circuit simulation model of an overhead power transmission line, which is used for describing a transmission line system consisting of n conducting wires and the ground, wherein each conducting wire corresponds to a transmission line voltage equation and a transmission line current equation; each conducting wire comprises a first inductor and a first resistor which are connected in series and is grounded through two grounding branches, wherein one grounding branch is connected with a ground admittance in series, and the other grounding branch is connected with a ground capacitor in series; any two wires are connected through two coupling branches, wherein a mutual admittance is connected in series on one coupling branch, and a mutual capacitance is connected in series on the other coupling branch; meanwhile, any two leads are connected by two back-to-back transformers, the common connection side of the two transformers is connected with a common branch in parallel, and the common branch is formed by connecting a second resistor and a second inductor in series; wherein n is more than or equal to 2. The invention adopts the passive basic circuit elements to construct the simulation model of the actual overhead transmission line, so that the simulation model is simplified and convenient to calculate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power system simulation modeling, in particular to a circuit simulation model of an overhead power transmission line.
Background
In the field of electric power technology, a circuit simulation method is generally adopted to analyze the operation states of an electric power system under various different working conditions and grasp the operation characteristics of the electric power system, the basic principle is that circuit elements for equipment for producing, transmitting, converting, storing and consuming electric energy in an electric network are expressed, the elements are connected into a complete circuit network according to the topological structure of the electric network, and then the electric characteristics of voltage, current and power at a concerned position in the network are obtained by solving through numerical values or an analytical method according to the basic principle of the circuit.
The overhead transmission line is one of basic elements of a power system, but in the existing circuit simulation research, the overhead transmission line is not simply modeled, so that a simulation model is complex and is troublesome to calculate.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a circuit simulation model of an electric overhead transmission line, which is used for constructing a simulation model of an actual overhead transmission line by adopting common passive circuit elements such as resistors, inductors and the like, so that the simulation model is simplified and is convenient to calculate.
in order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a circuit simulation model for an overhead power transmission line, where the circuit simulation model is used to describe a transmission line system including n conducting wires and the ground, and in the transmission line system, each conducting wire corresponds to a transmission line voltage equation and a transmission line current equation; in the circuit simulation model, each conducting wire comprises a first inductor and a first resistor which are connected in series and is grounded through two grounding branches, wherein one grounding branch is connected with a ground admittance in series, and the other grounding branch is connected with a ground capacitor in series; any two wires are connected through two coupling branches, wherein a mutual admittance is connected in series on one coupling branch, and a mutual capacitance is connected in series on the other coupling branch; meanwhile, any two leads are connected by two back-to-back transformers, the common connection side of the two transformers is connected with a common branch in parallel, and the common branch is formed by connecting a second resistor and a second inductor in series; wherein n is more than or equal to 2.
Preferably, the transformation ratio of both of the transformers is 1: 1.
Preferably, the resistance value of the first resistor is where r' ii is a unit resistance of the first resistor of the wire i, Δ z is a wire length of the wire i, rii is a unit self-resistance of the wire i, rik is a unit mutual resistance between the wire i and the wire k, and rik ═ rki, 1 < i ≦ n, 1 < k ≦ n, i ≠ k.
Preferably, the inductance value of the first inductor is where l' ii is a unit inductance of the first inductor of the wire i, lii is a unit self-inductance of the wire i for a unit length, lik is a unit mutual inductance between the wire i and the wire k, and lik ═ lki.
Preferably, the resistance value of the second resistor is the product of the unit mutual resistance of the unit length between the two corresponding wires and the length of the wire.
Preferably, the inductance value of the second inductor is a product of a unit mutual inductance per unit length between two corresponding wires and a wire length.
Preferably, the admittance value of the ground admittance is the product of the unit length of the conducting wire and the length of the conducting wire, and the capacitance value of the ground capacitance is the product of the unit length of the conducting wire and the length of the conducting wire.
Preferably, the admittance value of the transadmittance is a product of a unit transadmittance per unit length between the corresponding two wires and a wire length; the capacitance value of the mutual capacitance is the product of the unit mutual capacitance of the unit length between the two corresponding lead wires and the length of the lead wires.
Preferably, the transmission line voltage equation corresponding to each wire is
Where Vi (z, t) represents the voltage to ground at time t at the location of length z on conductor i, and Ii (z, t) represents the current at time t at the location of length z on conductor i.
Preferably, the transmission line current equation corresponding to each wire is
Where gii is the unit admittance to ground of the unit length of wire i, gik is the unit mutual admittance between wire i and wire k, and gik is gki, cii is the unit capacitance to ground of the unit length of wire i, cik is the unit mutual capacitance between wire i and wire k, and cik is cki.
Compared with the prior art, the circuit simulation model of the overhead power transmission line provided by the embodiment of the invention is simple and direct, simplifies the actual simulation model of the overhead power transmission line and facilitates calculation by utilizing basic passive circuit elements such as resistance, inductance, capacitance, admittance and the like and combining and building the circuit simulation model corresponding to the overhead power transmission line.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a circuit simulation model of multi-phase transmission of an overhead power line provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a transmission line system composed of n conductive lines and a ground according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a basic multi-phase transmission circuit simulation model of an overhead power line according to one embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a circuit simulation model of single-phase power transmission of an overhead power line according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic diagram of a circuit simulation model for multi-phase power transmission of an overhead power line according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the circuit simulation model is used to describe a transmission line system including n conducting wires and the ground, and in the transmission line system, each conducting wire corresponds to a transmission line voltage equation and a transmission line current equation; in the circuit simulation model, each conducting wire comprises a first inductor and a first resistor which are connected in series and is grounded through two grounding branches, wherein one grounding branch is connected with a ground admittance in series, and the other grounding branch is connected with a ground capacitor in series; any two wires are connected through two coupling branches, wherein a mutual admittance is connected in series on one coupling branch, and a mutual capacitance is connected in series on the other coupling branch; meanwhile, any two leads are connected by two back-to-back transformers, the common connection side of the two transformers is connected with a common branch in parallel, and the common branch is formed by connecting a second resistor and a second inductor in series; wherein n is more than or equal to 2.
It should be noted that an actual overhead power transmission line is a power line composed of a metal conductor, a tower, a metal fitting, and a lightning conductor, and is used as a power facility for transmitting electric energy. In the analysis of the power system, since only the transmission characteristics of the overhead power transmission line are considered, the actual overhead power transmission line can be abstracted into a transmission line system composed of n wires and the ground according to the geometric structure at this time, and the parallel direction of the wires is assumed to be the Z axis, as shown in fig. 2. As can be seen from fig. 2, the transmission line system includes n conductive lines, which are all parallel to the ground surface and are parallel to each other. The current flows along the wire and the earth. For an actual three-phase alternating-current power overhead transmission line, the number n of the conducting wires is 3; for a direct current overhead transmission line, n is 2; for single phase ac or dc overhead lines, n is 1. However, this embodiment of the present invention addresses only the first two cases, i.e., n ≧ 2. The line voltage and the line current of the conductor are mathematically described in terms of the transmission line equation (otherwise known as telegraph equation). Each line (number i, i ═ 1 … … n) corresponds to a line voltage equation and a line current equation, respectively. The corresponding equation set of the whole transmission line system (comprising n conducting wires and the ground) is composed of n transmission line voltage equations and n transmission line current equations, and the electrical characteristics of the transmission line system are completely described in the equation set.
Specifically, the circuit simulation model is used to describe a transmission line system composed of n conducting wires and the ground, wherein n ≧ 2, that is, FIG. 1 is equivalent to FIG. 2, and FIG. 1 describes FIG. 2 using a simulation model language. In a transmission line system, each wire corresponds to a transmission line voltage equation and a transmission line current equation. The final corresponding equation set of the whole transmission line system is composed of n transmission line voltage equations and n transmission line current equations.
As shown in fig. 1, the circuit simulation model can be divided into four regions i, ii, iii, and iv, and in the region i, each conducting wire includes a first inductor and a first resistor connected in series; in the IV area, each wire is grounded through two grounding branches, wherein one grounding branch is connected with a grounding admittance in series, and the other grounding branch is connected with a grounding capacitor in series; in the area III, any two wires are connected through two coupling branches, wherein one coupling branch is connected with a mutual admittance in series, and the other coupling branch is connected with a mutual capacitor in series; in the area II, any two wires are connected by two back-to-back transformers, the common connection side of the two transformers is connected with a common branch circuit in parallel, and the common branch circuit is formed by connecting a second resistor and a second inductor in series.
Such a circuit simulation model formed by using basic circuit elements is generally called a lumped parameter model because parameters such as self-inductance, self-resistance, mutual inductance, mutual resistance, admittance to ground, capacitance to ground, mutual capacitance between wires, mutual admittance between wires, and the like in a transmission line equation are represented by being lumped in the basic elements.
It should be noted that, when the power system is analyzed by circuit simulation, the entire content of the power system includes that each part in the power system is expressed by circuit elements, and then a circuit network is constructed. The invention only relates to the part of the overhead power transmission line, and the simulation of the power system can be realized only when the part is put into a complete circuit network.
According to the embodiment of the invention, basic passive circuit elements such as resistors, inductors, capacitors, admittances and the like are utilized to build the circuit simulation model corresponding to the overhead power transmission line in a combined mode, so that the method is simple and direct, the simulation model of the actual overhead power transmission line is simplified, and calculation is convenient.
As an improvement of the scheme, the transformation ratio of the two transformers is 1: 1.
Specifically, in the circuit simulation model, the transformer in fig. 1 is an ideal transformer, and the transformation ratio of both transformers is 1: 1.
As an improvement of the above solution, the resistance value of the first resistor is where r' ii is a unit resistance of the first resistor of the wire i, Δ z is a wire length of the wire i, rii is a unit self-resistance of the wire i, rik is a unit mutual resistance between the wire i and the wire k, and rik ═ rki, 1 < i ≦ n, 1 < k ≦ n, i ≠ k.
Specifically, the resistance value of the first resistor is determined by the self-resistance of the wire and the mutual resistance between the wire and other wires, and the calculation formula is that r' ii is the unit resistance of the first resistor of the wire i, Δ z is the wire length of the wire i, rii is the unit self-resistance of the wire i, rik is the unit mutual resistance between the wire i and the wire k, rik ═ rki, 1 < i ≦ n, 1 < k ≦ n, and i ≠ k.
As a modification of the above scheme, the inductance value of the first inductor is where l' ii is a unit inductance of the first inductor of the wire i, lii is a unit self-inductance of the wire i for a unit length, lik is a unit mutual inductance between the wire i and the wire k, and lik ═ lki.
Specifically, the inductance of the first inductor is determined by the self-inductance of the wire and the mutual inductance between the wire and other wires, and is calculated by the formula where l' ii is the unit inductance of the first inductor of the wire i, lii is the unit self-inductance of the unit length of the wire i, lik is the unit mutual inductance between the wire i and the wire k, and lik is lki.
As an improvement of the above solution, the resistance value of the second resistor is a product of a unit mutual resistance per unit length between the two corresponding wires and a wire length.
Specifically, the resistance value of the second resistor is a product of a unit mutual resistance per unit length between the two corresponding wires and the length of the wire, specifically, see the area ii in fig. 1, that is, the resistance value of the second resistor is rij Δ z; wherein rij is a unit mutual resistance between the wire i and the wire j, and rij is rji, j is more than 1 and less than or equal to n, and i is not equal to j.
As an improvement of the above solution, an inductance value of the second inductor is a product of a unit mutual inductance per unit length between the two corresponding wires and a wire length.
Specifically, the inductance value of the second inductor is the product of the unit mutual inductance per unit length between the two corresponding wires and the length of the wire, specifically referring to the area ii in fig. 1, that is, the inductance value of the second inductor is lij Δ z; and lij is unit mutual inductance between the lead i and the lead j, wherein lij is lji, j is more than 1 and less than or equal to n, and i is not equal to j.
As a modification of the above solution, the admittance value of the ground admittance is a product of the unit admittance per unit length of the conductive line and the length of the conductive line, and the capacitance value of the ground capacitance is a product of the unit capacitance per unit length of the conductive line and the length of the conductive line.
Specifically, the admittance value of the ground admittance is the product of the unit length of the conductor and the length of the conductor, and the capacitance value of the ground capacitance is the product of the unit length of the conductor and the length of the conductor, see specifically the iv region of fig. 1, i.e., the admittance value of the ground admittance is gii Δ z, where gii is the unit of the unit length of the conductor i and the ground admittance; the capacitance value of the capacitance to ground is cii Δ z, where cii is the unit capacitance to ground of the unit length of the conductor i.
As an improvement of the above solution, an admittance value of the transadmittance is a product of a unit transadmittance per unit length between the two corresponding wires and a wire length; the capacitance value of the mutual capacitance is the product of the unit mutual capacitance of the unit length between the two corresponding lead wires and the length of the lead wires.
Specifically, referring to the region iii of fig. 1, the admittance value of the transadmittance is the product of the unit transadmittance per unit length between the two corresponding wires and the wire length, that is, the admittance value of the transadmittance is gij Δ z, where gij is the unit transadmittance per unit length between the wire i and the wire j; the capacitance value of the mutual capacitance is the product of the unit mutual capacitance of the unit length between the two corresponding wires and the length of the wires, that is, the capacitance value of the mutual capacitance is cij Δ z, wherein cij is the unit mutual capacitance of the unit length between the wire i and the wire j.
As an improvement of the scheme, the transmission line voltage equation corresponding to each wire is
where Vi (z, t) represents the voltage to ground at time t at the location of length z on conductor i, and Ii (z, t) represents the current at time t at the location of length z on conductor i.
it should be noted that the circuit simulation model in fig. 1 is derived and determined from fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a basic circuit simulation model for multi-phase power transmission of an overhead power transmission line according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the model in fig. 3 can be also divided into four regions i, ii, iii, and iv, where a resistance element and an inductance element of each conductor in the region i respectively correspond to a self-resistance and a self-inductance of a conductor in a simulation model of a single-phase power transmission line; the capacitance element and the admittance element of each wire in the IV area respectively correspond to the ground capacitance and the ground susceptance of the wire in the single-phase power transmission line simulation model; region III expresses the mutual admittance among the wires and the mutual capacitance among the wires; region ii expresses the mutual resistance and mutual inductance between the wires by using lateral voltage sources Eij (z, t) and Eji (z, t), Eij (z, t) representing the lateral voltage generated by wire j to wire i at the position with length z and at time t. The transverse voltage source has the calculation formula of
In order to express that a transverse voltage source adopts a passive basic circuit element, a region II is changed into a region I which adopts two back-to-back transformers to connect any two leads, the common connecting side of the two transformers is connected with a common branch in parallel, the common branch is formed by a second resistor and a second inductor, and the region I is changed into a region I which is formed by connecting a self resistor and a self inductor in series and connecting a first resistor and a first inductor in series; the areas III and IV are kept unchanged, so that the effect that the circuit simulation model of the multiphase transmission line system is expressed by adopting all basic elements is achieved, namely, the diagram 3 is converted into the diagram 1 for expression.
In general, the transmission line voltage equation for a multi-phase transmission line system, i.e., conductor i of fig. 3, is:
after transformation to fig. 1, the transmission line voltage equation for wire i should be adjusted accordingly, but it should be noted that the two equations are equivalent, but expressed differently. Since the resistance value of the first resistor in the region i in fig. 1 is determined by the self-resistance of the wire and the mutual resistance between the wire and the other wire, the calculation formula is that the inductance value of the first inductor is determined by the self-inductance of the wire and the mutual inductance between the wire and the other wire, the calculation formula is that the current flowing through the mutual resistor rij includes two parts Ii (z, t) and Ij (z, t), the current flowing through the mutual inductor lij also includes two parts Ii (z, t) and Ij (z, t), so the above formula changes into two places, i Ii (z, t) in the formula, i (z, t) in the formula, ri [ Ij (z, t) + Ii (z, t) ] in which Vi (z, t) represents the voltage to ground at the time t of the position on the wire i with the length z, Ii (z, t) represents the current at the time t of the position on the wire i with the length z, ri is a unit self-resistance of the wire i per unit length, rin is a unit mutual resistance between the wire i and the wire n, and rin is rni, li is a unit self-inductance of the wire i per unit length, lin is a unit mutual inductance between the wire i and the wire n, and lin is lni.
In a physical sense, rijIj (z, t) in the formula is converted into rij [ Ij (z, t) + Ii (z, t) ], and a transverse voltage change caused by mutual resistance and mutual inductance between wires is determined by the sum of currents flowing through two interacting wires, and since rij is rji and lij is lji, rij [ Ij (z, t) + Ii (z, t) ], a transverse voltage caused by a wire j through mutual resistance and mutual inductance can be understood, and the sum of currents of the wire i and the wire j can be considered to cause the same transverse voltage on the two wires through mutual resistance and mutual inductance between the two wires.
As an improvement of the scheme, the transmission line current equation corresponding to each wire is
Where gii is the unit admittance to ground of the unit length of wire i, gik is the unit mutual admittance between wire i and wire k, and gik is gki, cii is the unit capacitance to ground of the unit length of wire i, cik is the unit mutual capacitance between wire i and wire k, and cik is cki.
Specifically, in the multi-phase transmission line system, the transmission line current equation corresponding to any one wire i is
Wherein gii is a unit admittance to ground of a unit length of the conductor i, gin is a unit mutual admittance between the conductor i and the conductor n, and gin is gni, cii is a unit capacitance to ground of the unit length of the conductor i, cin is a unit mutual capacitance between the conductor i and the conductor n, and cin is cni. Finally the multi-phase transmission line system contains n sets of transmission line current equations in this embodiment.
In order to further understand the above embodiments of the present invention, the embodiment of the present invention explains a simulation model of a single-phase transmission line, and specifically, referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a circuit simulation model of single-phase transmission of an overhead power line provided by an embodiment of the present invention, that is, the number of conductors in the circuit simulation model is 1, that is, the entire transmission line system is a single-phase transmission line system composed of one conductor and the ground. At this time, the value of the inductance L connected in series in the wire is the product of the unit self-inductance L11 of the unit length of the wire and the length Δ z of the wire, i.e. L11 Δ z; the value of the resistor R is the product of the unit self-resistance R11 of the unit length of the lead and the lead length delta z, namely R is R11 delta z; the value of the ground admittance G1 is the product of the unit ground admittance G11 of the unit length of the conductor and the conductor length Δ z, i.e. G1 equals G11 Δ z, and the value of the ground capacitance C1 is the product of the unit ground capacitance C11 of the unit length of the conductor and the conductor length Δ z, i.e. C1 equals C11 Δ z. Because only a single transmission line is provided, the transmission line voltage equation does not contain mutual resistance among wires and mutual inductance among the wires, and the transmission line current equation does not contain mutual admittance among the wires and mutual capacitance among the wires.
In summary, the circuit simulation model of the overhead power transmission line provided by the embodiment of the invention is simple and direct, and the actual simulation model of the overhead power transmission line is simplified and is convenient to calculate by utilizing basic passive circuit elements such as resistance, inductance, capacitance, admittance and the like to build the circuit simulation model corresponding to the overhead power transmission line in a combined manner. Meanwhile, the circuit simulation model is applied to a complete circuit network, and the electrical characteristics of voltage, current and power at a concerned position in the circuit network can be obtained, so that the operation condition of the power system can be better known, the operation and design of the power system can be optimized, and the operation of the power system is more economic and reliable.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A circuit simulation model of an overhead power transmission line is characterized in that the circuit simulation model is used for describing a transmission line system composed of n conducting wires and the ground, and in the transmission line system, each conducting wire corresponds to a transmission line voltage equation and a transmission line current equation; in the circuit simulation model, each conducting wire comprises a first inductor and a first resistor which are connected in series and is grounded through two grounding branches, wherein one grounding branch is connected with a ground admittance in series, and the other grounding branch is connected with a ground capacitor in series; any two wires are connected through two coupling branches, wherein a mutual admittance is connected in series on one coupling branch, and a mutual capacitance is connected in series on the other coupling branch; meanwhile, any two leads are connected by two back-to-back transformers, the common connection side of the two transformers is connected with a common branch in parallel, and the common branch is formed by connecting a second resistor and a second inductor in series; wherein n is more than or equal to 2.
2. The circuit simulation model of the overhead power transmission line according to claim 1, wherein the transformation ratio of both of the transformers is 1: 1.
3. The circuit simulation model of the overhead power transmission line according to claim 1, wherein the resistance value of the first resistor is where r' ii is the unit resistance of the first resistor of wire i, Δ z is the wire length of wire i, rii is the unit self-resistance of wire i unit length, rik is the unit mutual resistance between wire i and wire k, and rik ═ rki, 1 < i ≦ n, 1 < k ≦ n, i ≠ k.
4. The circuit simulation model of the overhead power transmission line according to claim 3, wherein the inductance value of the first inductor is where l' ii is the unit inductance of the first inductor of wire i, lii is the unit self-inductance of wire i for unit length, lik is the unit mutual inductance between wire i and wire k, and lik ═ lki.
5. The circuit simulation model of the overhead power transmission line according to claim 1, wherein the resistance value of the second resistor is a product of a unit mutual resistance per unit length between the two corresponding wires and a wire length.
6. The circuit simulation model of overhead power transmission line according to claim 1, wherein the inductance value of the second inductor is the product of the unit mutual inductance per unit length between the two corresponding wires and the wire length.
7. The circuit simulation model of overhead power transmission line according to claim 1, wherein the admittance value of the ground admittance is a product of the unit length of conductor and the conductor length, and the capacitance value of the ground capacitance is a product of the unit length of conductor and the conductor length.
8. The circuit simulation model of overhead power transmission line according to claim 1, wherein the admittance value of the transadmittance is the product of the unit transadmittance per unit length between the corresponding two wires and the wire length; the capacitance value of the mutual capacitance is the product of the unit mutual capacitance of the unit length between the two corresponding lead wires and the length of the lead wires.
9. The circuit simulation model for an overhead electrical power transmission line according to claim 4, wherein the transmission line voltage equation for each of the conductors is
Where Vi (z, t) represents the voltage to ground at time t at the location of length z on conductor i, and Ii (z, t) represents the current at time t at the location of length z on conductor i.
10. The circuit simulation model for an overhead electrical power transmission line according to claim 9, wherein the transmission line current equation for each of the conductors is
Where gii is the unit admittance to ground of the unit length of wire i, gik is the unit mutual admittance between wire i and wire k, and gik is gki, cii is the unit capacitance to ground of the unit length of wire i, cik is the unit mutual capacitance between wire i and wire k, and cik is cki.
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| CN113592107A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-11-02 | 广东电网能源发展有限公司 | Bypass simulation method and system of power transmission line, intelligent terminal and storage medium |
| CN113592107B (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2023-11-07 | 广东电网能源发展有限公司 | Bypass simulation method and system of power transmission line, intelligent terminal and storage medium |
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