CN110534821A - Inhibit the protective device and its application method of lithium battery thermal runaway - Google Patents
Inhibit the protective device and its application method of lithium battery thermal runaway Download PDFInfo
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- CN110534821A CN110534821A CN201910575425.8A CN201910575425A CN110534821A CN 110534821 A CN110534821 A CN 110534821A CN 201910575425 A CN201910575425 A CN 201910575425A CN 110534821 A CN110534821 A CN 110534821A
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- battery
- fire
- gas
- thermal runaway
- battery case
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
- A62C37/36—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device
- A62C37/38—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device by both sensor and actuator, e.g. valve, being in the danger zone
- A62C37/40—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device by both sensor and actuator, e.g. valve, being in the danger zone with electric connection between sensor and actuator
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4285—Testing apparatus
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of protective devices and its application method for inhibiting lithium battery thermal runaway; including battery case; the battery case includes battery box enclosure and the battery modules that are installed in battery box enclosure; control device, detection device, extinguishing device are additionally provided in the battery box enclosure; the detection device is for gas and smoke signal in monitoring cell module temperature and battery case; and signal is passed into control device, the control device starting extinguishing device is put out a fire.The present invention builds the oxygen-free environment of entire Battery case, fills gas with to Battery case in advance, prevents the on fire of lithium electric system and explosion, to promote protecting effect, and effectively controls thermal run away condition after thermal runaway generation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of lithium batteries, specifically a kind of protective device for inhibiting lithium battery thermal runaway and its
Application method.
Background technique
Lithium battery is environmentally protective novel energy-storing component, have it is environmentally protective, energy density is big, long service life etc.
Advantage has a wide range of applications in fields such as automobile energy storage technology, hybrid vehicle, communication, household electrical appliance, military project, space flight.
In recent years, with the prosperity of electric automobile market, power battery has taken under the dual thrust of market and policy
Significant progress is obtained, but the security performance of electrokinetic cell system is always important restraining factors of its development.Although by each
Kind method improves electrokinetic cell system security performance, but related ends and progress are apart from each other with desired value.
Currently, the safety problem of lithium battery system is constantly subjected to pay close attention to, each lithium battery design production requires safety, but
Still there is safety problem appearance, so preventing lithium battery safety problem from causing two subsidiary risks, dangerous item station in minimum, to battery
Burning and the explosion further control of system.
Summary of the invention
The problem to be solved by the present invention is that provide it is a kind of inhibit lithium battery thermal runaway protective device and its user
Method, it is therefore intended that the oxygen-free environment for building entire Battery case fills gas with to Battery case in advance, prevents rising for lithium electric system
Fire and explosion to promote protecting effect, and effectively control thermal run away condition after thermal runaway generation.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of protective device for inhibiting lithium battery thermal runaway, including battery
Case, the battery case include battery box enclosure and the battery modules that are installed in battery box enclosure, in the battery box enclosure also
Equipped with control device, detection device, extinguishing device, the detection device is for gas in monitoring cell module temperature and battery case
And smoke signal, and signal is passed into control device, the control device starting extinguishing device is put out a fire.
As a preferred solution, the control device includes processor and battery power management system, the battery
Power-supply management system is for controlling power supply charge and discharge, and the processor is for receiving the signal from detection device and controlling fire extinguishing
The start and stop of device.
As a preferred solution, the detection device includes dissociate sub- smoke sensor device, temperature sensor, gas biography
Sensor；
The temperature sensor is used for the temperature signal of real-time monitoring battery modules, and the sub- smoke sensor device that dissociates is used for
Smoke signal in battery box enclosure is detected, the gas sensor is for detecting gas density and flow number in battery box enclosure
According to the sub- smoke sensor device that dissociates, temperature sensor, gas sensor are electrically connected with the temperature of real-time monitoring battery modules with processor
Degree.
As a preferred solution, the extinguishing device includes outfiring alarm switch and fire-smothering gear, the gas
The extinguishing chemical of body extinguishing device is NOVEC1230 gas；Controller starts outfiring alarm switch and shows alarm signal in display screen
Breath, while starting buzzer, the fire-smothering gear can be controlled or be manually controlled by controller.
A kind of protective device application method inhibiting lithium battery thermal runaway is provided, comprising the following steps:
(1) installation inhibits the protective device of lithium battery thermal runaway；
(2) starting fire-smothering gear makes entire NOVEC1230 first to carrying out filling fire-suppressant gas NOVEC1230 in cabinet
Component in gas blanket battery case；
(3) when gas sensor detects density lower than preset value in Battery case, extinction using gas dress is opened
It sets switch and is filled with gas to cabinet；
(4) when there are abnormal conditions, detection device passes data to controller, and controller starting outfiring alarm is opened
It closes, to start buzzer, buzzer issues fire behavior alarm signal and shows that operator obtains alarm signal in work indicator panel
Number；
(5) operator voluntarily judges battery fire behavior according to the information and work indicator panel feedback of collection, using manual mode
Start extinguishing device.
As a preferred solution, step (4) is specific are as follows:
Each data carry out moment transmission in detection device moment detection box, to generation fire behavior battery in real time to operating space
The indicator panel that works sends fire extinguishing data, judges whether battery case fire behavior is controlled according to acquisition data, when fire behavior is not controlled
When processed, meeting feedback information is simultaneously analyzed, and control device can further open multiple NOVEC1230 fire-smothering gears, is improved
The injection gas flow in each channel, is controlled comprehensively.
As a preferred solution, each data include battery temperature, smog in the cabinet of the detection device monitoring
Signal, gas density and flow；
When thermal runaway occurs for Battery case battery, battery temperature is more than the setting range of power-supply management system, temperature sensing
Battery temperature signal is passed to controller by device；
When Battery case battery generation thermal runaway, there is smog phenomenon, the sub- smoke sensor device that dissociates can pass smoke signal
Pass controller；
The intracorporal gas density of gas sensor real-time monitoring case and flow, and feed data back to controller.
As a preferred solution, step (5) specifically can choose several fire-smothering gears for operator and open
Dynamic, fire-smothering gear sprays NOVEC1230 gas and covers entire cabinet.
As a preferred solution, several fire-smothering gears starting total time is no more than 2s, single extinction using gas
Device injecting time is no more than 1s.
The invention has the advantages that:
The present invention is constituted by control device, detection device, the part such as fire extinguishing component, is guaranteed the safety of cabinet, prevent battery
On fire, explosion occurs, preferably the safety of protection car body, guarantees the safety of staff and working environment；Control can be passed through
Device realizes data real-time transmission and preservation, can provide data with prevention for subsequent improvement and support；Fire-smothering gear is set
Meter is connected and fixed and total moulding application protection；Mixed gas is nontoxic, colourless, tasteless, corrosion-free in fire-smothering gear
Property, it is non-conductive, neither support burning, and not in battery case substance generation react.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing 1 is lithium battery of the invention principle on fire；
Attached drawing 2 is detection principle of the invention；
Attached drawing 3 is host block diagram of the invention；
Attached drawing 4 is system block diagram of the invention；
Attached drawing 5 is control flow chart of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
In conjunction with Figure of description, a kind of protective device of inhibition lithium battery thermal runaway described in the present embodiment, including battery
Case, the battery case include battery box enclosure and the battery modules that are installed in battery box enclosure, in the battery box enclosure also
Equipped with control device, detection device, extinguishing device, the detection device is for gas in monitoring cell module temperature and battery case
And smoke signal, and signal is passed into control device, the control device starting extinguishing device is put out a fire.
As a preferred solution, the control device includes processor and battery power management system, the battery
Power-supply management system is for controlling power supply charge and discharge, and the processor is for receiving the signal from detection device and controlling fire extinguishing
The start and stop of device.
As a preferred solution, the detection device includes dissociate sub- smoke sensor device, temperature sensor, gas biography
Sensor；
The temperature sensor is used for the temperature signal of real-time monitoring battery modules, and the sub- smoke sensor device that dissociates is used for
Smoke signal in battery box enclosure is detected, the gas sensor is for detecting gas density and flow number in battery box enclosure
According to the sub- smoke sensor device that dissociates, temperature sensor, gas sensor are electrically connected with the temperature of real-time monitoring battery modules with processor
Degree.
As a preferred solution, the extinguishing device includes outfiring alarm switch and fire-smothering gear, the gas
The extinguishing chemical of body extinguishing device is NOVEC1230 gas；Controller starts outfiring alarm switch and shows alarm signal in display screen
Breath, while starting buzzer, the fire-smothering gear can be controlled or be manually controlled by controller.
A kind of protective device application method inhibiting lithium battery thermal runaway is provided, comprising the following steps:
(1) installation inhibits the protective device of lithium battery thermal runaway；
(2) starting fire-smothering gear makes entire NOVEC1230 first to carrying out filling fire-suppressant gas NOVEC1230 in cabinet
Component in gas blanket battery case；
(3) when gas sensor detects density lower than preset value in Battery case, extinction using gas dress is opened
It sets switch and is filled with gas to cabinet；
(4) when there are abnormal conditions, detection device passes data to controller, and controller starting outfiring alarm is opened
It closes, to start buzzer, buzzer issues fire behavior alarm signal and shows that operator obtains alarm signal in work indicator panel
Number；
(5) operator voluntarily judges battery fire behavior according to the information and work indicator panel feedback of collection, using manual mode
Start extinguishing device.
As a preferred solution, step (4) is specific are as follows:
Each data carry out moment transmission in detection device moment detection box, to generation fire behavior battery in real time to operating space
The indicator panel that works sends fire extinguishing data, judges whether battery case fire behavior is controlled according to acquisition data, when fire behavior is not controlled
When processed, meeting feedback information is simultaneously analyzed, and control device can further open multiple NOVEC1230 fire-smothering gears, is improved
The injection gas flow in each channel, is controlled comprehensively.
As a preferred solution, each data include battery temperature, smog in the cabinet of the detection device monitoring
Signal, gas density and flow；
When thermal runaway occurs for Battery case battery, battery temperature is more than the setting range of power-supply management system, temperature sensing
Battery temperature signal is passed to controller by device；
When Battery case battery generation thermal runaway, there is smog phenomenon, the sub- smoke sensor device that dissociates can pass smoke signal
Pass controller；
The intracorporal gas density of gas sensor real-time monitoring case and flow, and feed data back to controller.
As a preferred solution, step (5) specifically can choose several fire-smothering gears for operator and open
Dynamic, fire-smothering gear sprays NOVEC1230 gas and covers entire cabinet.
As a preferred solution, several fire-smothering gears starting total time is no more than 2s, single extinction using gas
Device injecting time is no more than 1s.
The reason on fire of lithium-ion-power cell is mainly battery by external force puncture, compression, electric pole short circuit, mistake at this stage
Fill, the failures such as over-discharge are, the abnormal rate of heat production of battery can be higher than the radiating rate of battery, and then inner pressure of battery and temperature are sharply
Rise, hence into thermal runaway state, thus entire battery system is on fire, explosion.
Since lithium ion meets water reactive combustion, itself provides oxygen, belongs to active metal, battery case narrow space, battery knot
The compact sealing of structure, easy heat radiation, is not easy thermal expansion, causes internal expansion (explosion) to burn after battery thermal runaway, existing electric appliance
Administrative skill (such as breaker, fuse, battery management system) can not prevent inside battery lithium ion from reacting, and lead to thermal runaway.
When inside battery malformation, electrode isolation film is also easy to produce electric pole short circuit, leads to temperature rise, electrolyte leakage when damaging, and meets high temperature
Burning generates chain reaction.Generally by physical cooling method is used, the heat of " exothermic auxiliary reaction " generation is taken away, electricity is made
Pond cannot be introduced into " thermal runaway " state, avoid battery explosion or burning.The present invention configures largely in Battery case
NOVEC1230 fire-smothering gear, Novec1230 (the 12 fluoro- 2- methyl -3- penta in NOVEC1230 fire-smothering gear
Ketone) belong to fluorinated ketone (Fluorinatedketone) class, fluorine atom is instead of part hydrogen atom on ketone.The extinguishing chemical neither belongs to
In HFC, it is also not belonging to inert gas class, these gases are all the naturally occurrings in atmosphere, are not damaged to atmospheric ozone layer
Consumption, " greenhouse effects " of the earth will not be had an impact, and mixed gas it is nontoxic, it is colourless, tasteless, non-corrosive, do not lead
Electricity neither supports burning, and does not react with the generation of most of substance, first fills with into cabinet after automatic fire extinguisher starting certain
The gas of pressure forms one layer of gas blanket, and the components such as battery is made to allow gas blanket always, in turn with outside air isolation
Starvation, sensor capacity of the detection gas in cabinet always automatically open gas when gas capacity is less than preset value
Extinguishing device discharges gas, to keep battery component always by gas blanket, guarantees safety, when thermal runaway occurs in cabinet
After can by sensor to staff issue sound and light alarm signal.According to the specification of cabinet, rationally in the intracorporal guarantor of case
When protecting the multiple mixed gas extinguishing devices of region (or protected object) selection, multiple fire extinguishing transposition are that have linkage startup function,
And the starting total time for controlling multiple mixed gas extinguishing devices is no more than 2s, single fire-smothering gear injecting time does not surpass
Cross 1s.Mixed gas extinguishing device, which has, to manually boot and autostart function.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of protective device for inhibiting lithium battery thermal runaway, including battery case, which is characterized in that the battery case includes battery
Box enclosure and the battery modules being installed in battery box enclosure, be additionally provided in the battery box enclosure control device, detection device,
Extinguishing device, the detection device pass signal for gas and smoke signal in monitoring cell module temperature and battery case
Control device is passed, the control device starting extinguishing device is put out a fire.
2. a kind of protective device for inhibiting lithium battery thermal runaway according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the control dress
It sets including processor and battery power management system, the battery power management system is for controlling power supply charge and discharge, the place
Reason device is used to receive the signal from detection device and controls the start and stop of extinguishing device.
3. a kind of protective device for inhibiting lithium battery thermal runaway according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the detection dress
It sets including sub- smoke sensor device, temperature sensor, the gas sensor of dissociating；
The temperature sensor is used for the temperature signal of real-time monitoring battery modules, and the sub- smoke sensor device that dissociates is for detecting
Smoke signal in battery box enclosure, the gas sensor are swum for detecting gas density and data on flows in battery box enclosure
Ion smoke sensor device, temperature sensor, gas sensor are electrically connected with the temperature of real-time monitoring battery modules with processor.
4. a kind of protective device for inhibiting lithium battery thermal runaway according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the fire extinguishing dress
Setting including outfiring alarm switch and fire-smothering gear, the extinguishing chemical of the fire-smothering gear is NOVEC1230 gas；Control
Device starts outfiring alarm switch and in display screen display alarm information, while starting buzzer, and the fire-smothering gear can lead to
It crosses controller control or manually controls.
5. according to claim 1 --- a kind of protective device application method of 4 any inhibition lithium battery thermal runaways, including
Following steps:
(1) installation inhibits the protective device of lithium battery thermal runaway；
(2) starting fire-smothering gear makes entire NOVEC1230 gas first to carrying out filling fire-suppressant gas NOVEC1230 in cabinet
Shroud component in battery case；
(3) it when gas sensor detects density lower than preset value in Battery case, opens fire-smothering gear and opens
It closes and is filled with gas to cabinet；
(4) when there are abnormal conditions, detection device passes data to controller, and controller starts outfiring alarm switch, from
And starting buzzer, buzzer issues fire behavior alarm signal and shows that operator obtains alarm signal in work indicator panel；
(5) operator voluntarily judges battery fire behavior according to the information and work indicator panel feedback of collection, is started using manual mode
Extinguishing device.
6. a kind of protective device application method for inhibiting lithium battery thermal runaway according to claim 5, step (4) are specific
Are as follows:
Each data carry out moment transmission in detection device moment detection box, are worked to operating space in real time fire behavior battery occurs
Indicator panel sends fire extinguishing data, judges whether battery case fire behavior is controlled according to acquisition data, when fire behavior does not obtain control,
Meeting feedback information is simultaneously analyzed, and control device can further open multiple NOVEC1230 fire-smothering gears, is improved each logical
The injection gas flow in road, is controlled comprehensively.
7. a kind of protective device application method for inhibiting lithium battery thermal runaway according to claim 6, which is characterized in that institute
Stating each data in the cabinet of detection device monitoring includes battery temperature, smoke signal, gas density and flow；
When thermal runaway occurs for Battery case battery, battery temperature is more than the setting range of power-supply management system, and temperature sensor will
Battery temperature signal passes to controller；
When Battery case battery generation thermal runaway, there is smog phenomenon, the sub- smoke sensor device that dissociates can pass to smoke signal
Controller；
The intracorporal gas density of gas sensor real-time monitoring case and flow, and feed data back to controller.
8. a kind of protective device application method for inhibiting lithium battery thermal runaway according to claim 5, which is characterized in that step
Suddenly (5) specifically can choose the starting of several fire-smothering gears for operator, and fire-smothering gear sprays NOVEC1230 gas
Body covers entire cabinet.
9. a kind of protective device application method for inhibiting lithium battery thermal runaway according to claim 8, which is characterized in that if
Dry fire-smothering gear starting total time is no more than 2s, and single fire-smothering gear injecting time is no more than 1s.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910575425.8A CN110534821A (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2019-06-28 | Inhibit the protective device and its application method of lithium battery thermal runaway |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910575425.8A CN110534821A (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2019-06-28 | Inhibit the protective device and its application method of lithium battery thermal runaway |
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Family
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| CN113013512A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2021-06-22 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | Power battery pack, battery explosion-proof control system and battery explosion-proof control method |
| CN113029276A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-06-25 | 苏州玛瑞柯测试科技有限公司 | Measurement method and measurement device for thermal runaway gas production of battery |
| CN114050337A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2022-02-15 | 王周 | System for restraining thermal runaway combustion explosion of lithium battery |
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| CN114050337A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2022-02-15 | 王周 | System for restraining thermal runaway combustion explosion of lithium battery |
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