CN110533305B - Comprehensive prevention and control method for production safety accidents of metallurgical enterprises - Google Patents

Comprehensive prevention and control method for production safety accidents of metallurgical enterprises Download PDF

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CN110533305B
CN110533305B CN201910740033.2A CN201910740033A CN110533305B CN 110533305 B CN110533305 B CN 110533305B CN 201910740033 A CN201910740033 A CN 201910740033A CN 110533305 B CN110533305 B CN 110533305B
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刘双跃
李仲学
张�杰
赵国程
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University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
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Abstract

The invention provides a comprehensive prevention and control method for production safety accidents of metallurgical enterprises, and belongs to the technical field of metallurgical safety production. The method comprises the steps of firstly classifying accident situations aiming at production safety accidents of metallurgical enterprises, then carrying out prevention and control measure acquisition and analysis, carrying out integrity and compliance evaluation on the basis of the accident situations, then carrying out accident situation risk analysis and prevention and control measure importance degree analysis, and finally constructing a comprehensive prevention and control system. By the technical method, the systematization, the datamation and the informatization of the comprehensive prevention and control technology are realized by utilizing an informatization means.

Description

Comprehensive prevention and control method for production safety accidents of metallurgical enterprises
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgical safety production, in particular to a comprehensive prevention and control method for production safety accidents of metallurgical enterprises.
Background
In the technical field of comprehensive prevention and control of production safety accidents of metallurgical enterprises, in the prior art, the enterprises lack complete and systematic analysis of potential factors from accidents to possible consequences caused by the accidents, and the accidents prevention and control generally only relate to specific prevention and control measures, so that the sources of the measures are difficult to find. In the prior art, an enterprise usually only needs to separately evaluate whether a certain measure is finished or not, and the integrity is not evaluated. Moreover, the prevention and control measures of the enterprise are usually only specific to a specific prevention and control object, and the overall association analysis between the prevention and control object and the prevention and control measures is lacked.
In the prior art, the invention patent of 'static-dynamic risk informatization management and control method and system for under-construction engineering' discloses a flow of the static-dynamic risk informatization management and control method for under-construction engineering, and the method comprises the following steps: risk identification, risk informatization, risk prompt and risk early warning. The invention carries out risk identification in a construction preparation stage in a static-dynamic risk informatization management and control and system of construction projects, carries out static risk assessment according to risk identification results, and carries out informatization on the risk identification results and the static risk assessment results; in the construction stage, risk prompt and dynamic risk early warning are carried out by combining field monitoring data on the basis of an informationized risk identification result and a risk evaluation result, so that the risk evaluation datamation, automation, indexing, quantification and standardization are realized.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) analyzing the project under construction, identifying the risk sources constructed by the project under construction according to the analysis result, dividing each risk source into at least one risk unit, constructing at least one safety risk event for each risk unit, and performing static risk assessment on the safety risk events.
(2) Digitizing the security risk event and static risk assessment data to establish a risk database; according to the security risk event and the static risk assessment data, splitting the security risk event into a plurality of basic attribute data; and adding corresponding associated description information to each item of basic attribute data to generate a project risk data dictionary under construction.
(3) Inputting under-construction project working condition information, and acquiring the construction progress of the under-construction project according to the under-construction project risk data dictionary; acquiring a safety risk event corresponding to the current construction progress, and establishing a risk event list; and acquiring static risk assessment data and preventive control measures of the corresponding security risk events according to the risk event list.
(4) Recording monitoring data, and calculating the accumulated value of monitoring points and the change rate of the last measurement according to the monitoring data; judging whether the monitoring point meets a preset accumulated value alarm condition or not according to the accumulated value, judging that the monitoring point is an overrun monitoring point when the judgment result is yes, and carrying out alarm prompt according to a preset accumulated value alarm rule; and judging whether the monitoring point meets a preset change rate alarm condition or not according to the change rate of the last measurement, judging that the monitoring point is an overrun monitoring point when the judgment result is yes, and giving an alarm according to a preset change rate alarm rule.
Acquiring a safety risk event corresponding to the overrun monitoring point according to the project risk data dictionary under construction, and establishing an early warning list; acquiring monitoring data corresponding to the safety risk event according to the early warning list; and carrying out statistical analysis on the acquired monitoring data to obtain a statistical result.
Therefore, the prior art only relates to the management and control of construction projects; meanwhile, the method relates to construction projects, has a large range, has universality and lacks pertinence; the proposed measures are only for the time before the accident happens; the proposed measures are not available from source; and the security risk event is statically evaluated by an expert scoring method. This has a number of drawbacks.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a comprehensive prevention and control method for production safety accidents of metallurgical enterprises.
The method comprises the following steps:
s101: accident scene classification:
analyzing the occurrence process and the evolution mechanism of all accident types in a metallurgical enterprise, integrating the existing reference documents by combining accident cases to obtain a classification table of the accident situation of each type, and matching the corresponding accident cases as support conditions;
s102: and (3) acquiring and analyzing prevention and control measures:
extracting key words according to commonly used terms in the metallurgical industry and the accident type and accident situation classification table obtained in the step S101, crawling the laws and regulations according to the key words, and then summarizing and sorting the crawled laws and regulations one by one to form law and regulation libraries, namely prevention and control measure libraries, aiming at different accident types and different situations;
s103: integrity, compliance assessment:
the enterprise evaluates the integrity and compliance of the enterprise according to the law and regulation library formed in the S102 to determine whether the enterprise meets the requirements of the law and regulation; through integrity and compliance evaluation, missing items, failure items and improvement items of the enterprise in the aspect of prevention and control measures are found out, and therefore corresponding rectification and improvement are made;
s104: accident situation risk analysis:
analyzing each type of accident situation by adopting system safety analysis methods such as accident tree analysis, event tree analysis and the like according to the situation classification table, and obtaining the importance of each potential risk factor and the occurrence path by a qualitative and quantitative analysis method;
s105: analyzing the importance degree of prevention and control measures:
associating specific measure items in a prevention and control measure library with various potential risk factors causing an accident, a series of potential consequences possibly caused after the accident occurs and an accident occurrence path thereof, and obtaining the importance of each prevention and control measure according to the qualitative and quantitative analysis result in the situation risk analysis;
s106: constructing a prevention and control system:
after the system safety analysis is completed and qualitative and quantitative analysis is carried out, a prevention and control system for producing safety accidents is constructed from two dimensions of technology and management, from two aspects of accident prevention and accident loss reduction and from two aspects of accident prevention and accident loss by taking a certain accident situation as a center according to legal and regulatory requirements, and the intuitive and visual display of accident reasons, accident consequences, risk ways and prevention and control measures is carried out by utilizing a bowknot diagram;
in S101, the accident scenario classification table includes an accident scenario name, an occurrence location, a facility, a process state or parameter, and an inducing factor.
In S103, the integrity indicates whether the requirements of laws and regulations are met, including whether there is any equipment and facilities, whether a sound regulation and control system is established, and the like; compliance means whether the equipment and the regulations are correctly executed according to the requirements of laws and regulations on the premise of owning the equipment and the regulations.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the scheme, the related prevention and control measures are all from legal and legal provisions and have authority; the method can realize the focus on enterprise prevention and control and definitely determine the prevention and control measures to be taken intensively and comprehensively in different states before and after the accident through the steps of S101, S102, S104 and S105; the method not only comprises the establishment of prevention and control measures before the accident, but also comprises the trend of possible accident consequences after the accident and corresponding control measures.
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FIG. 1 is a technical flow chart of the comprehensive prevention and control method for the production safety accident of the metallurgical enterprise;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an exemplary accident scenario classification of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a prevention and control action acquisition analysis of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an exemplary diagram of an accident tree analysis of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the accident scenario risk analysis of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the integrated control system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides a comprehensive prevention and control method for production safety accidents of metallurgical enterprises.
As shown in fig. 1, the method comprises the steps of:
s101: accident scene classification:
analyzing the occurrence process and the evolution mechanism of all accident types in a metallurgical enterprise, integrating the existing reference documents by combining accident cases to obtain a classification table of the accident situation of each type, and matching the corresponding accident cases as support conditions;
s102: and (3) acquiring and analyzing prevention and control measures:
extracting key words according to commonly used terms in the metallurgical industry and the accident type and accident situation classification table obtained in the step S101, crawling the laws and regulations according to the key words, and then summarizing and sorting the crawled laws and regulations one by one to form law and regulation libraries, namely prevention and control measure libraries, aiming at different accident types and different situations;
s103: integrity, compliance assessment:
the enterprise evaluates the integrity and compliance of the enterprise according to the law and regulation library formed in the S102 to determine whether the enterprise meets the requirements of the law and regulation; through integrity and compliance evaluation, missing items, failure items and improvement items of the enterprise in the aspect of prevention and control measures are found out, and therefore corresponding rectification and improvement are made;
s104: accident situation risk analysis:
analyzing each type of accident situation by adopting system safety analysis methods such as accident tree analysis, event tree analysis and the like according to the situation classification table, and obtaining the importance of each potential risk factor and the occurrence path by a qualitative and quantitative analysis method; the method comprises the following steps of taking a certain accident situation as a center, finding out various potential risk factors causing the accident, a series of potential consequences possibly caused after the accident occurs and an accident occurring path thereof by a system safety analysis method, and obtaining the importance of each potential risk factor and occurring path by a qualitative and quantitative analysis method;
s105: analyzing the importance degree of prevention and control measures:
associating specific measure items in a prevention and control measure library with various potential risk factors causing an accident, a series of potential consequences possibly caused after the accident occurs and an accident occurrence path thereof, and obtaining the importance of each prevention and control measure according to the qualitative and quantitative analysis result in the situation risk analysis;
s106: constructing a prevention and control system:
after the system safety analysis is completed and qualitative and quantitative analysis is carried out, a prevention and control system for producing safety accidents is constructed from two dimensions of technology and management, from two aspects of accident prevention and accident loss reduction and from two aspects of accident prevention and accident loss by taking a certain accident situation as a center according to legal and regulatory requirements, and the intuitive and visual display of accident reasons, accident consequences, risk ways and prevention and control measures is carried out by utilizing a bowknot diagram;
the following description is given with reference to specific examples.
The embodiment of the invention firstly classifies the situations of the production safety accidents of the metallurgical enterprises, crawls related laws and regulations by utilizing a crawler technology according to the classification result, and performs self-evaluation on the integrity and the compliance by taking the relevant laws and regulations as the basis after the relevant laws and regulations are summarized and sorted. And secondly, carrying out accident scene risk analysis according to the identification and classification result, associating with the prevention and control measures to obtain the importance of the prevention and control measures, and constructing a comprehensive prevention and control system by using a bow tie graph analysis method according to the two.
In step S101, the method specifically includes the following steps:
s1011: firstly, the type of production safety operation accident involved in metallurgical enterprises is determined, such as: fire, explosion, tipping, splashing, and the like. And determining the range of various accidents, such as explosion accidents only involving the contact of high-temperature molten metal and water, splashing accidents only involving the splashing accidents of the converter, and the like.
S1012: and according to the determined range, the accident occurrence process and the evolution mechanism thereof are determined. For example, one of the reasons for the explosion of the high-temperature molten metal in contact with water is that in steel plants and iron works of metallurgical enterprises, when the high-temperature molten metal is in abnormal contact with moisture in a container such as a ladle or a ladle, a violent explosion occurs. The explosion mechanism is as follows: firstly, water is rapidly vaporized when encountering hot steel and molten iron, the pressure is rapidly increased, the volume is rapidly expanded, liquid water is completely changed into steam, and the volume can be increased by about 1500 times, so that the destructive power is huge; secondly, water is decomposed automatically due to high heat to generate hydrogen and oxygen, so that gas phase explosion is caused; thirdly, molten steel, molten iron and water vapor are subjected to chemical reaction, hydrogen is released, and the hydrogen is exploded by spontaneous combustion.
S1013: according to different accident types, through determining the occurrence process and the evolution mechanism of the accident, combining accident cases, integrating the existing methods such as related reference documents and the like, and identifying and determining the technical or behavior risk factors needing to be controlled under the accident type by utilizing the accident cause theory and the safety system engineering analysis method. As for the example of S1012, the condition for the occurrence of the explosion accident is cut off mainly by preventing the molten metal from contacting with water. Under this type, the technical or behavioral risk factors that need to be controlled include: before use, no special person inspects containers such as a steel ladle, a foundry ladle and the like, and the steel ladle and the foundry ladle are not baked to required temperature and the like.
S1014: and summarizing and integrating the analysis results of the steps S1012 and S1013 to compile a situation sub-classification table under each accident type, wherein the table content comprises: accident scene names, accident scene codes, occurrence places/equipment facilities, process states/parameters and induction factors, and corresponding accident cases are matched for each sub-classification scene to serve as supporting conditions. For an explosion accident, the accident scenario classification table is shown in the following table:
Figure BDA0002163618080000061
s1015: and (4) informationizing each accident type related in the metallurgical enterprise and the situation sub-classification form under each accident type, and establishing an accident type-accident situation database.
The specific flow of step S101 is shown in fig. 2.
In step S102, the method specifically includes the following steps:
s1021: extracting the key words in the accident type list according to the common terms in the metallurgical industry or the accident type determined in the step S101 and the information in the formed accident situation sub-classification list, and crawling relevant laws and regulations by using the crawler technology and taking the key words as crawling points. For example, the keywords such as "metallurgy", "iron making", "steel making", "converter" and the like are used for crawling of laws and regulations.
S1022: and arranging and concluding the crawled legal and legal provisions one by one. And according to different accident types related to the specific clauses, carrying out division and integration of the specific clauses on different accident scenes. For example, for the "iron-making safety regulation" (AQ 2002-.
S1023: and summarizing and collating the results according to the law and regulation provisions in the step S1022 to summarize the results into specific prevention and control measure requirements, fusing the parts with the same specific content among a plurality of law and regulation documents, removing the repeated parts of the contents, and summarizing into one prevention and control measure requirement. Therefore, the aim that each specific prevention and control measure has one or more legal and legal provisions as support is fulfilled. For example, in article 11.3.3 of iron-making safety regulations (AQ 2002-2018): before the slag pot is used, mortar is sprayed or dry slag is used for bedding, and accumulated water, wet sundries and inflammable and explosive substances do not need to be in the slag pot; and article 8.1.7 of the Steel making safety code (AQ 2001-2018): before the slag pot (basin) is used, the slag pot (basin) should be checked, and water or moist materials should not be in the slag pot (basin). The two statements belong to the same aspect in the research scope, so they are summarized together as follows: the slag pot should not have water accumulation and wet impurities.
S1024: all the prevention and control measures required under each accident type and each accident situation are classified into two aspects of measures for preventing accidents and measures for reducing the loss of the accidents. Under each aspect, the method is further divided into two dimensions of technical measures and management measures. The measures for preventing accidents refer to specific measures taken by enterprises for preventing accidents before the accidents occur; the measures for reducing the loss of the accident refer to emergency rescue measures taken after the accident happens and prevention and control measures which are taken in advance before the accident happens and aim at possible accident consequences, such as that' a heat insulation measure is taken in an iron casting machine operation room, and an air conditioner, a communication device and a signal device are taken in the room. The operating room window should be made of heat-resistant glass and have two opposite entrances and exits to the safe place ". The technical measures refer to whether the enterprise has the required measures such as equipment and facilities, and the management measures mainly aim at the aspects of human management, operation regulations and the like.
S1025: and (4) forming a prevention and control measure library by taking different accident types and different accident scenes as centers and implementing the step S1024. The method comprises the steps of respectively enabling each accident scene to comprise two dimensions of measures for preventing accidents and reducing the loss of the accidents, technical measures and management measures.
S1026: with the library as the center, a law and regulation library supported corresponding to the prevention and control measure library is formed according to the relevance between the law and regulation provision and the prevention and control measure in the step S1023, so that each specific measure in the prevention and control measure library can be related to a specific law and regulation origin in the law and regulation library.
S1027: and the prevention and control measure library and the law and regulation library are informationized.
The schematic diagram of step S102 is shown in fig. 3.
In step S103, according to the prevention and control measure library formed in step S102, the enterprise can make an evaluation as to whether the enterprise itself meets the specific requirements in the prevention and control measure library, including both integrity and compliance. Integrity refers to whether the requirements of laws and regulations are met, including whether the equipment and facilities exist, whether sound regulations and regulations are established, and the like; compliance means whether the equipment and the regulations are correctly executed according to the requirements of laws and regulations on the premise of owning the equipment and the regulations.
And finding out missing items, invalid items and improved items of the enterprise in the aspect of prevention and control measures through integrity and compliance evaluation, thereby making corresponding rectification.
In step S104, the specific steps include:
s1041: by taking a certain accident situation as a center, various potential risk factors causing the accident are found out through a system safety analysis method, and the importance degree is ranked, wherein the higher the importance degree is, the higher the accident situation risk is. For example: and analyzing each accident scene by adopting an accident tree analysis method. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
s10411: by taking a certain accident situation as a center, various potential risk factors causing the accident are found layer by layer and summarized. For example, in the event of explosion caused by contact between high-temperature molten metal and water, the specific reasons can be subdivided into two categories, namely, the explosion of the molten material when the molten material meets water and the explosion of the molten material when the molten material meets water, aiming at the situation that water exists in a slag pot, a hot metal pot, a molten steel pot and a middle pot. The explosion of the melt in water is mainly caused by the joint operation of the equipment facilities containing water, the equipment facilities not being dried and no special person checking before use, and the explosion of the melt in water is mainly caused by the joint operation of the water entering the tank containing molten metal and the water not evaporating to dry. The equipment facilities contain moisture such as rain, snow and the like which fall into the container, moisture impurities in the container, a placing environment and moisture accumulated in a burning part of the container.
S10412: and drawing the accident tree according to the result of the inductive summary. Fig. 4 shows an accident tree for the accident scenario of "water in slag pot, ladle, and tundish".
S10413: a minimal cut set and/or a minimal path set of the incident tree is computed. As illustrated in step S10412, the minimal cut set is: { X, X, X }, { X, X, X }.
And S10414, calculating the structural importance of each basic event according to the minimum cut set and/or the minimum diameter set, and sequencing the structural importance of each basic event so as to achieve the purpose of qualitative analysis. As an example for step S10412, the basic event structure importance ranks I (X10) > I (X12) ═ I (X11) > I (X4) ═ I (X3) ═ I (X2) ═ I (X1) > I (X9) ═ I (X8) ═ I (X7) ═ I (X6) ═ I (X5).
S10415: according to the actual conditions of enterprises, selecting relevant data such as the occurrence probability of each basic event, calculating the probability importance and/or the critical importance, and sequencing the probability importance and/or the critical importance of the basic events according to the calculation result to achieve the purpose of quantitative analysis.
S1042: by taking a certain accident situation as a center, a series of potential consequences and accident occurrence paths which may be caused after an accident occurs are found out through a system safety analysis method, and the importance degree is ranked, wherein the higher the importance degree is, the higher the accident situation risk is. For example: and analyzing each accident situation by adopting an event tree analysis method. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
s10421: and (3) taking a certain typical accident scene as an initial event, finding out accident modes and consequences thereof possibly caused after the accident happens layer by layer, and summarizing the accident modes and the consequences.
S10422: and drawing an event tree according to the induction summary result.
S10423: and carrying out qualitative analysis on the event tree to find out the path and the type of the accident.
S10424: and carrying out quantitative analysis on the event tree, selecting related data according to the actual conditions of the enterprise, calculating the probability of each result according to the probability of the initial event and the link event, and sequencing the importance.
S1043: and according to the analyzed result, the importance of the basic event, the importance of the accident consequence and the occurrence path and the sequencing situation of the two are informationized to form an accident situation risk database.
Step S104 further includes:
according to the importance degree and the ordering condition analyzed by the system safety analysis method, the prevention and control objects which need to be focused by enterprises in daily production and management processes are determined for various accidents of metallurgical operation production safety.
Fig. 5 shows a flow chart of accident scenario risk analysis, which takes an accident tree and event tree analysis method as an example.
In step S105, the specific steps include:
s1051: and associating the prevention and control measures acquired in the step S102 with potential risk factors, potential accident consequences and accident occurrence paths thereof respectively according to the division of preventing accident occurrence and reducing accident loss and technology and management. For each potential risk factor, potential accident consequence and accident occurrence path, correspondingly finding out one or more corresponding prevention and control measure requirements from the prevention and control measure library in the step S102 so as to cut off the accident occurrence path and reduce the accident occurrence probability; or after the accident happens, the severity of the consequences caused by the accident is reduced by taking relevant emergency rescue measures.
S1052: and (5) obtaining the importance ranking of each prevention and control measure according to the analysis result of the step (S104) through the correlation between the prevention and control measure and the potential risk factors, the potential accident consequences and the accident occurrence path thereof. And forming an importance database of prevention and control measures for various accidents in the production safety of metallurgical operation. The specific sequencing rule of the importance of the prevention and control measures is (taking the importance of the basic event structure in the accident tree analysis result as an example):
(1) for the same basic event, if the same basic event corresponds to a plurality of prevention and control measures, the importance of each prevention and control measure is the same. Example (c): the corresponding prevention and control measure of the basic event X1 is X1Y1、X1Y2Then X1Y1、X1Y2The importance of the prevention and control measures is the same.
(2) For a plurality of radicals of the same structural importanceIn the event, the number of the basic events corresponding to the prevention and control measures is small, and the importance of the prevention and control measures is greater than that of the basic events corresponding to the prevention and control measures. Example (c): if the basic events X1 and X2 have the same structural importance, the prevention and control measure corresponding to X1 is X1Y1、X1Y2The prevention and control measure corresponding to X2 is X2Y1、X2Y2、X2Y3Then the importance of the preventive measure is ranked as I (X1)Y1)＝I(X1Y2)＞I(X2Y1)＝I(X2Y2)＝I(X2Y3)。
(3) And determining the importance of the prevention and control measures according to the structural importance of the basic events with different structural importance. Namely, the structure importance of the basic event is high, and the importance of the corresponding prevention and control measures is also high; and vice versa. Example (c): if the structural importance of the basic events X1 and X2 is I (X1) > I (X2), the prevention and control measure corresponding to X1 is X1Y1、X1Y2The prevention and control measure corresponding to X2 is X2Y1、X2Y2、X2Y3Then the importance of the preventive measure is ranked as I (X1)Y1)＝I(X1Y2)＞I(X2Y1)＝I(X2Y2)＝I(X2Y3)。
(4) If a plurality of basic events correspond to the same prevention and control measure, the more the number of the basic events corresponding to the prevention and control measure is, the higher the importance of the prevention and control measure is. Example (c): if the basic events X1 and X2 both correspond to the same preventive measure X12Y12The basic events X3, X4 and X5 all correspond to the same preventive measure X345Y345Then the importance of the preventive measure is ranked as I (X345)Y345)＞I(X12Y12)。
(5) If a plurality of basic events correspond to the same control measure, the importance of the control measure is higher than that of other control measures only aiming at the basic event under any one of the basic events. Example (c): if the basic event X1 corresponds to the prevention and control measure XY1、X1Y1The basic event X2 corresponds to a preventive measure XY1、X2Y1、X2Y2. The importance of the preventive measure is ranked as I (X)Y1)＞I(X1Y1)，I(XY1)＞＝I(X2Y1)＝I(X2Y2)。X1Y1、X2Y1、X2Y2The structural importance of (c) is ordered according to the other rules above.
(6) And if the plurality of basic events correspond to the same plurality of prevention and control measures, the importance degrees of the plurality of prevention and control measures are equal. Example (c): if the basic event X1 corresponds to the prevention and control measure XY1、XY2、X1Y1The basic event X2 corresponds to a preventive measure XY1、XY2、X2Y1. The importance of the preventive measure is ranked as I (X)Y1)＞I(XY2) And the importance of other prevention and control measures is sorted according to other rules.
In step S105, the method further includes:
according to the importance ranking condition of the prevention and control measures, the prevention and control measures which should be taken intensively and comprehensively when the metallurgical enterprises meet specific accidents in the production operation process are determined.
In step S106, the relationship between the accident type, the accident situation database, the prevention and control measure database, the law and regulation database, the accident situation risk database, and the prevention and control measure importance database is added with the contents of the regulation and regulation of the enterprise itself, and the bow tie diagram is used to visually and visually display the accident reason, the accident consequence, the risk path, and the prevention and control measure. And forming a complete prevention and control chain information base in a form of showing the bow tie diagram, constructing a comprehensive prevention and control system according to the information base, and informationizing the comprehensive prevention and control system.
The comprehensive prevention and control system is schematically shown in FIG. 6.
The method comprises the steps of forming a situation classification table through sorting and analyzing accident types of the metallurgical enterprises, crawling relevant legal and legal provisions by using terms, accident types and keywords in the situation classification table commonly used in the metallurgical industry, and evaluating the integrity and compliance of the enterprises according to the crawled provision contents. Meanwhile, the method associates the importance of the basic events with the prevention and control measures, so that enterprises can clearly determine the prevention and control key points of various accidents and key points and comprehensive prevention and control measures to be taken, and each measure is well documented through the management of the measures and the rules. The method forms a complete prevention and control chain which takes accident scenes as the center, comprises two aspects of preventing accidents and reducing accident loss, adopts two-dimensional prevention and control measures of technology and management, and is used for solving the problems from the reasons of accidents to the consequences and the severity degree possibly caused by the accidents.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (3)

1. A comprehensive prevention and control method for production safety accidents of metallurgical enterprises is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s101: accident scene classification:
analyzing the occurrence process and the evolution mechanism of all accident types in a metallurgical enterprise, integrating the existing reference documents by combining accident cases to obtain a classification table of the accident situation of each type, and matching the corresponding accident cases as support conditions;
s102: and (3) acquiring and analyzing prevention and control measures:
extracting key words according to commonly used terms in the metallurgical industry and the accident type and accident situation classification table obtained in the step S101, crawling the laws and regulations according to the key words, and then summarizing and sorting the crawled laws and regulations one by one to form law and regulation libraries, namely prevention and control measure libraries, aiming at different accident types and different situations;
s103: integrity, compliance assessment:
the enterprise evaluates the integrity and compliance of the enterprise according to the law and regulation library formed in the S102 to determine whether the enterprise meets the requirements of the law and regulation; through integrity and compliance evaluation, missing items, failure items and improvement items of the enterprise in the aspect of prevention and control measures are found out, and therefore corresponding rectification and improvement are made;
s104: accident situation risk analysis:
analyzing each type of accident situation by adopting a system safety analysis method according to the situation classification table, and obtaining the importance of each potential risk factor and the occurrence path by a qualitative and quantitative analysis method;
s105: analyzing the importance degree of prevention and control measures:
associating specific measure items in a prevention and control measure library with various potential risk factors causing an accident, a series of potential consequences possibly caused after the accident occurs and an accident occurrence path thereof, and obtaining the importance of each prevention and control measure according to the qualitative and quantitative analysis result in the accident situation risk analysis;
s106: constructing a prevention and control system:
after the system safety analysis is completed and qualitative and quantitative analysis is carried out, a prevention and control system for producing safety accidents is constructed from two dimensions of technology and management, from two aspects of accident prevention and accident loss reduction and from two aspects of accident prevention and accident loss by taking a certain accident situation as a center according to legal and regulatory requirements, and the intuitive and visual display of accident reasons, accident consequences, risk ways and prevention and control measures is carried out by utilizing a bowknot diagram;
the analysis method for the system security in the S104 comprises accident tree analysis and event tree analysis, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s1041: taking a certain accident situation as a center, finding out various potential risk factors causing the accident through a system safety analysis method, and sequencing importance, wherein the higher the importance is, the higher the accident situation risk is; specifically, the method for analyzing each accident scene by adopting the accident tree analysis method comprises the following steps:
s10411: taking a certain accident situation as a center, finding out various potential risk factors causing the accident layer by layer, and summarizing the potential risk factors;
s10412: drawing an accident tree according to the induction summary result;
s10413: calculating a minimum cut set and/or a minimum path set of the accident tree;
s10414: calculating the structural importance of each basic event according to the minimum cut set and/or the minimum diameter set, and sequencing the structural importance so as to achieve the purpose of qualitative analysis;
s10415: selecting the occurrence probability related data of each basic event according to the actual conditions of enterprises, calculating the probability importance and/or the critical importance, and sequencing the probability importance and/or the critical importance of the basic events according to the calculation result to achieve the purpose of quantitative analysis;
s1042: by taking a certain accident situation as a center, finding out a series of potential consequences possibly caused after an accident occurs and an accident occurring path thereof through a system safety analysis method, and sequencing importance, wherein the higher the importance is, the higher the accident situation risk is; specifically, an event tree analysis method is adopted to analyze each accident situation, and the method comprises the following steps:
s10421: taking a certain typical accident scene as an initial event, finding out accident modes and consequences thereof possibly caused after the accident happens layer by layer, and summarizing the accident modes and the consequences;
s10422: drawing an event tree according to the induction summary result;
s10423: carrying out qualitative analysis on the event tree to find out the path and the type of the accident;
s10424: carrying out quantitative analysis on the event tree, selecting related data according to the actual conditions of enterprises, calculating the probability of various results according to the probability of the initial event and the link event, and sequencing the importance;
s1043: and according to the analyzed result, informationizing the importance of the basic event, the accident consequence, the importance of the occurrence path of the accident consequence and the ordering condition of the two to form an accident situation risk database.
2. The comprehensive prevention and control method for the production safety accidents of the metallurgical enterprises according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the accident scenario classification table in S101 includes accident scenario names, occurrence locations, equipment facilities, process states or parameters, and inducement factors.
3. The comprehensive prevention and control method for the production safety accidents of the metallurgical enterprises according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the integrity in S103 indicates whether the requirements of laws and regulations are met, including whether there is any equipment and facilities, and whether a sound regulation and regulation is established; compliance means whether the equipment and the regulations are correctly executed according to the requirements of laws and regulations on the premise of owning the equipment and the regulations.
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