CN110525851B - Rural garbage truck - Google Patents

Rural garbage truck Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110525851B
CN110525851B CN201910784639.6A CN201910784639A CN110525851B CN 110525851 B CN110525851 B CN 110525851B CN 201910784639 A CN201910784639 A CN 201910784639A CN 110525851 B CN110525851 B CN 110525851B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
rear cover
hopper
guide shaft
winch
rural
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CN201910784639.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN110525851A (en
Inventor
苏连菊
杨婷婷
黄曦
黄艺坚
王昊
王纪鑫
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Nanning University
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Nanning University
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Priority to CN201910784639.6A priority Critical patent/CN110525851B/en
Publication of CN110525851A publication Critical patent/CN110525851A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65FGATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F3/14Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with devices for charging, distributing or compressing refuse in the interior of the tank of a refuse vehicle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65FGATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F2003/006Constructional features relating to the tank of the refuse vehicle

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Refuse-Collection Vehicles (AREA)
  • Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a rural garbage truck, and belongs to the field of environmental protection equipment manufacturing; the invention comprises the following steps: the device comprises a hopper, a winch and a rear cover; the winch is fixedly arranged at the front end of the hopper; the rear end of the car hopper is provided with an opening, and the rear cover is hinged to the bottom of the rear end so as to open or close the opening; the vertical section of the rear cover is in a V-shaped structure, and the opening of the V-shaped structure can face the front end of the car hopper when the opening is closed; the top of the rear end is provided with a guide wheel, and the winch is provided with a telescopic steel wire rope; the rear cover is provided with a chute, and a roller capable of sliding along the chute is arranged in the chute; the winch is connected with the roller through the steel wire rope and the guide wheel. The invention collects garbage through the rear cover with the V-shaped structure, so that the garbage can be easily pushed into the rear cover, the turnover and the closing of the rear cover are controlled by the winch, and the sliding rail is arranged on the rear cover to enhance the requirement of quick opening and closing of the winch; the whole cost is low, and the garbage is easy to load.

Description

Rural garbage truck
Technical Field
The invention relates to an environment-friendly equipment manufacturing technology, in particular to a rural garbage truck, and belongs to the technical field of garbage treatment equipment manufacturing.
Background
Garbage is solid waste produced in daily life and production of human beings, and has a large discharge amount, complex and changeable components and pollution, so that in order to improve and maintain the environmental quality, a plurality of environmental sanitation devices including compression garbage trucks are adopted.
The compression type garbage truck in the prior art comprises a front loading type garbage truck and a rear loading type garbage truck, a hydraulic cylinder is needed to control the opening or closing of a top cover or a rear cover no matter the front loading type garbage truck or the rear loading type garbage truck is of the front loading type garbage truck or the rear loading type garbage truck, and the production cost is high.
In addition, in villages and towns, the standard garbage cans are not widely distributed, and a large amount of garbage is generally randomly piled up or piled up in a garbage pool; the garbage truck is adopted in time, and a shovel is also required to be manually shoveled into the garbage truck, so that the cleaning speed is low, and the transportation efficiency is low; in addition, the conventional garbage truck has higher purchase and maintenance cost and cannot be widely popularized and used in villages.
Therefore, there is a need in the art for a refuse vehicle that is low in cost, easy to retrofit, and capable of adapting to rural environments.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a novel rural garbage truck, which is characterized in that a recoverable V-shaped rear cover is arranged behind a truck hopper, so that a transfer person can conveniently push garbage into the rear cover, and the technical problems that the garbage truck in the prior art cannot adapt to rural environments and is high in cost are solved.
The rural garbage truck of the embodiment of the invention comprises: the device comprises a hopper, a winch and a rear cover;
the winch is fixedly arranged at the front end of the car hopper; the rear end of the car hopper is provided with an opening, and the rear cover is hinged to the bottom of the rear end so as to open or close the opening;
The vertical section of the rear cover is of a V-shaped structure, and an opening of the V-shaped structure can face the front end of the hopper when the opening of the hopper is closed;
The top of the rear end is provided with a guide wheel, and the winch is provided with a telescopic steel wire rope; the rear cover is provided with a chute, and a roller capable of sliding along the chute is arranged in the chute;
The winch is connected with the roller through the steel wire rope and the guide wheel.
A rural refuse vehicle as described above wherein the rear cover has a hinged end and a free end;
the rear cover is hinged with the car hopper through the hinged end; the sliding groove is fixed on the rear cover and is arranged close to the free end.
The rural garbage truck as described above, wherein the guide wheel has a guide shaft; the top of the rear end is fixed with two parallel sliding rails;
The two ends of the guide shaft are respectively arranged on the two sliding rails and can slide along the sliding rails, so that the guide wheels slide back and forth relative to the hopper.
The rural garbage truck is characterized in that the sliding rail is horizontally arranged, one end of the sliding rail, which faces the front end, is a left end, and one end of the sliding rail, which faces the rear end, is a right end;
A cylindrical spring is also arranged in each sliding rail; one end of the cylindrical spring is fixed at the left end, and the other end of the cylindrical spring is used for abutting against the end part of the guide shaft so that the guide shaft is pressed at the right end.
The rural garbage truck is characterized in that sliding wheels are respectively arranged at two ends of the guide shaft, and the guide shaft slides in the sliding rail through the sliding wheels;
The two ends of the guide shaft are also respectively provided with a conical connecting piece, and the guide shaft is connected with the cylindrical spring through each conical connecting piece.
The rural garbage truck is characterized in that the right end of each sliding rail is also provided with a locking device for clamping the guide shaft; the locking device may be in contact with the guide shaft to fix the guide shaft at the right end.
The rural garbage truck as described above, wherein the locking device comprises: the proximity switch is arranged on the guide shaft, the strip-shaped gear is used for being clamped with the conical connecting piece, and the driving wheel is used for driving the strip-shaped gear; the driving wheel is connected with a driving motor;
the proximity switch is electrically connected with the driving motor, so that when the rear cover is close to the proximity switch, the driving motor rotates, the driving wheel and the bar gear are driven, and finally the locking state of the guide shaft at the right end is released.
The rural refuse vehicle as described above, wherein the position of the right end coincides with the position of the rear end.
The rural garbage truck as described above, wherein the winch is located in the middle of the front end, and the distance from the upper end and the lower end of the hopper is the same.
The rural garbage truck as described above, wherein the bottom of the hopper is further provided with a plurality of wheels;
The height of the hopper from the ground is the same as the vertical height of the rear cover after the hopper is completely opened.
In the embodiment of the invention, garbage is collected through the rear cover with the V-shaped structure, and because the rear cover can be tightly attached to the bottom surface after being thoroughly opened, operators can easily push a large amount of garbage into the rear cover; the invention controls the opening and closing of the rear cover through the winch, the opening and closing speed of the rear cover is high, and the reconstruction cost is low; in addition, the sliding rail is arranged on the rear cover to enhance the requirement of quick opening and closing of the winch, and the opening and closing moment of the winch can be effectively reduced.
The rural garbage truck has low overall cost and is easy to load and clear garbage in the rural area.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a side view of a fully open rear cover of a rural refuse vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the rear cover of FIG. 1 when it is initially closed;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the rear cover of FIG. 1 in a state of being closed;
FIG. 4 is a side view of a fully closed state of a rear cover of a rural refuse vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a schematic top view of the rear cover in fig. 3 in a state of being closed.
Detailed Description
The rural garbage truck can be made of the following materials, and is not limited to the following materials, for example: section steel, stainless steel, aluminum profiles, electric hoists, windlass, pneumatic rods, cylindrical springs, travel switches, optical sensors and the like.
As shown in fig. 1, and with reference to fig. 2 to 4; the rural garbage truck of the embodiment of the invention comprises: a hopper 1, a winch 4 and a rear cover 2; the hopper is used for loading garbage and is generally arranged on a flat-bed transport vehicle.
The hoist is a small and light hoisting device, also called winch, for hoisting or pulling heavy objects by winding steel wire ropes or chains by using reels. The hoist may vertically lift, horizontally or obliquely drag the weight. The winch is divided into a manual winch, an electric winch and a hydraulic winch. The embodiment of the invention is based on the electric coil, and can also adopt equipment such as an electric hoist and the like.
The car hopper 1 is provided with a front end and a rear end, and the winch 4 is fixedly arranged at the front end of the car hopper 1; the rear end of the car hopper 1 is provided with an opening, and the rear cover 2 is hinged to the bottom of the rear end so as to open or close the opening; typically, the top of the rear end also has a top opening that communicates with the opening to allow the rear cover to be pressed into the hopper after closing the opening. The rear cover is pressed into the hopper to moderately compress the fluffy garbage so as to increase the density of the garbage loaded in the hopper.
The bottom of the rear end of the hopper 1 is generally provided with a hinge shaft 10 by which the rear cover 2 is hinged to the hopper 1 so as to be turned over by different angles with respect to the hinge shaft.
The vertical section of the rear cover 2 is of a V-shaped structure and is generally formed by welding two steel plates with included angles of 120-160 degrees; in addition, the side of the rear cover is also provided with a side plate, and the side plate is used for being welded with two steel plates, so that the effect of enhancing the connection strength of the two steel plates is achieved, and the rear cover is convenient for containing garbage. The opening of the V-shaped structure can be towards the front end of the car hopper 1 when the opening of the car hopper 1 is closed; that is, the rear cover 2 is loaded with refuse by the V-shaped structure, and can be poured into the hopper 1 by turning the rear cover forward.
The top of the rear end of the car hopper 1 is provided with a guide wheel 3, and the winch 4 is provided with a telescopic steel wire rope 40; the rear cover 2 is provided with a chute 20, and a roller 21 capable of sliding along the chute is arranged in the chute 20; the chute 20 is provided on the rear cover in the longitudinal direction of the hopper. The hoist 4 is connected with the roller 21 through the guide wheel 3 by the wire rope 40.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the rear cover is issued as in fig. 1 for loading garbage, and after the garbage loading is completed, the hoist is opened, and the rear cover slowly closes the hopper opening as in fig. 1 to 4. When the rear cover is opened, the winch is reversely rotated, and meanwhile, the rear cover is manually pushed open in the opening process, so that the rear cover is prevented from being inclined to lean against the car hopper without action.
The rear end of the hopper where the guide wheel is located is generally a vertical plane, and the rear cover closes the hopper. In other cases, as in fig. 4, a guide wheel moving device may be provided to meet the requirement that the rear cover is pressed forward into the hopper.
The rural garbage truck of the embodiment, wherein the rear cover 2 is provided with a hinged end and a free end; the rear cover 2 is hinged with the car hopper 1 through the hinged end, and can be hinged on a hinged shaft 10 at the bottom of the rear end of the car hopper; the chute 20 is fixed to the rear cover 2 and is disposed close to the free end.
The function of the chute is mainly used for adjusting the action moment of the steel wire rope covered on the rear cover. Especially during closing of the back cover
The winch 5 is typically located in the middle of the front end of the hopper 1, and preferably the winch 4 is located at the same distance from the upper and lower ends of the hopper 1. As shown in fig. 1 to 4, in a state that the winch can meet any stretching back cover, an effective moment can be effectively generated on the back cover through the guide wheel, and because the back cover is provided with a sliding groove, the stress acting point can be effectively adjusted and the moment can be reduced when the back cover is closed.
The power of the winch can be effectively reduced by reducing the moment in the whole process, so that the cost can be effectively reduced. Particularly, in the process that the rear cover is to be closed, as shown in fig. 3, the moment received by the rear cover is very large, and at the moment, due to the action of the sliding groove, the roller can move to the direction of the free end of the sliding groove, so that the moment arm for closing the rear cover is increased, and the moment for closing the rear cover is indirectly increased.
In general, the rural garbage truck of the present embodiment, wherein the bottom of the hopper 1 is further provided with a plurality of wheels 5; the plurality of wheels is for carrying the weight of the hopper.
As shown in fig. 1, the height of the hopper 1 from the ground is the same as the vertical height of the rear cover 2 after being completely opened. Therefore, when the rear cover is placed on the ground, one steel plate of the V-shaped structure of the rear cover can be clung to the ground, so that garbage on the ground can be pushed in conveniently.
In the embodiment of the invention, garbage is collected through the rear cover with the V-shaped structure, and because the rear cover can be tightly attached to the bottom surface after being thoroughly opened, operators can easily push a large amount of garbage into the rear cover; the invention controls the opening and closing of the rear cover through the winch, the opening and closing speed of the rear cover is high, and the reconstruction cost is low; in addition, the sliding rail is arranged on the rear cover to enhance the requirement of quick opening and closing of the winch, and the opening or closing moment of the winch can be effectively reduced.
The rural garbage truck has low overall cost and is easy to load and clear garbage in the rural area.
The rural garbage truck of this embodiment can also carry out moderate compression and extrusion to the rubbish in the car hopper through the upset effect of back lid, specifically realizes through following structure.
As shown in fig. 5, in combination with fig. 3 and 4; the guide wheel 3 of the present embodiment has a guide shaft 31; two parallel sliding rails 30 are fixed on the top of the rear end of the car hopper; the sliding rail can be a closed sliding groove structure or other sliding rails with two closed ends.
Two slide rails 30 are respectively installed at both sides of the top end of the hopper.
The two ends of the guide shaft 31 are respectively mounted on the two slide rails 30, and can slide along the slide rails 30, so that the guide wheel 3 can slide back and forth relative to the hopper 1.
That is, the guide wheel 3 is slidably installed at the top of the rear end of the hopper 1 and can slide back and forth with respect to the hopper 1.
Therefore, in this embodiment, the rear cover 2 is further pulled by the sliding of the guide wheel 3, so that the rear cover 2 is turned over in the forward direction of the hopper, and the rear cover has the function of compressing the garbage in the hopper.
More specifically, the sliding rail 30 is horizontally disposed, and one end of the sliding rail 30 facing the front end is a left end, and one end facing the rear end is a right end; in a normal case, the right end is coincident with the rear end of the hopper 1, and is located on a vertical plane of the rear end of the hopper.
A cylindrical spring 35 is also installed in each sliding rail 30; one end of the cylindrical spring 35 is fixed to the left end, and the other end is used to abut against the end of the guide shaft 31, so that the guide shaft 31 is pressed against the right end.
In this way, under the condition of opening the rear cover, the cylindrical spring 35 has a reset function, and the guide wheel 3 is always positioned at the right end of the sliding rail 30 under the action of the steel wire rope 40 and the action of the cylindrical spring 35; when the rear cover is closed, the rear cover can be abutted against the guide shaft 31, so that the guide shaft 31 and the guide wheel 3 are driven, and the rear cover continuously moves along the sliding rail 30 against the elastic force of the cylindrical spring 35, thereby playing a role in compressing garbage in the hopper under the action of the winch.
After the garbage in the vehicle is compressed, the loading capacity can be further improved, and the method is more suitable for the situation of rural garbage.
Further, in the rural garbage truck according to the embodiment, sliding wheels 32 are respectively arranged at two ends of the guiding shaft 31, and the guiding shaft 31 slides in the sliding rail 30 through the sliding wheels 32; the two ends of the guide shaft 31 are also provided with tapered connectors 33, respectively, and the guide shaft 31 is connected with the cylindrical spring 35 through each tapered connector 33.
In this way, the cylindrical spring 35 can better abut against and press the guide shaft 31 by the tapered connection 33, and the guide shaft 31 can also slide smoothly by the sliding wheel 32.
The right end of each slide rail 30 is also provided with a locking device 6. The locking device 6 is used for clamping the guide shaft 31 so as to control the sliding or displacement state of the guide shaft; the locking device 6 may be in contact with the guide shaft 31 so that the guide shaft 31 is fixed at the right end.
The locking device 6 may be a friction locking device, an electromagnet locking device or other mechanical touch locking device, as long as the position of the guide shaft can be fixed.
Specifically, the locking device in this embodiment includes: a proximity switch 7 provided on the guide shaft, a bar gear 60 for engaging with the taper link 33, and a driving wheel 61 for driving the bar gear 60; a driving motor is connected to the driving wheel 61; the driving motor can rotate forward and backward, the driving wheel can rotate forward and backward, and the strip-shaped gear is controlled to extend or retract.
The proximity switch 7 is electrically connected to the driving motor, so that when the rear cover 2 approaches the proximity switch 7, the driving motor rotates, thereby driving the driving wheel 61 and the bar gear 60, and finally releasing the locking state of the guide shaft 31 at the right end.
The proximity switch is a position switch which can be operated without mechanical direct contact with a moving part, and when an induction surface of the object proximity switch reaches an action distance, the switch can be actuated without mechanical contact and any pressure application, so as to drive a direct current electric appliance or provide a control instruction for a computer (plc) device. The proximity switch is a switch type sensor (i.e. a contactless switch), has the characteristics of a travel switch and a micro switch, has the characteristics of sensing performance, and has the characteristics of reliable action, stable performance, quick frequency response, long application life, strong anti-interference capability and the like, and has the characteristics of water resistance, shock resistance, corrosion resistance and the like. The products include inductance type, capacitance type, hall type, AC type and DC type.
Proximity switches, also known as contactless proximity switches, are ideal electronic switching value sensors. When the metal detection body approaches the induction area of the switch, the switch can be in non-contact, no pressure, no spark and quickly send out an electric instruction, accurately reflect the position and the stroke of the movement mechanism, and even if the metal detection body is used for controlling the general stroke, the metal detection body is in positioning precision, operating frequency, service life, convenience in installation and adjustment and applicability to severe environments, which are not compared with the general mechanical stroke switch
That is, after the proximity switch 7 receives the signal of the proximity of the rear cover 2, the driving motor is informed to be turned on, so that the locking of the guide shaft 31 is released, and the guide shaft 31 and the rear cover continue to slide, thereby achieving the effect of compressing garbage.
It should be noted that this is a logic judgment circuit, and a single-chip microcomputer or a programmable controller is generally further disposed on the driving motor to realize logic judgment of the proximity switch.
In addition, the rural garbage truck disclosed by the invention is low in manufacturing cost, easy to obtain raw materials, compact in structural design, stable in finished product quality, simple in structural principle, convenient to use and maintain, and suitable for garbage cleaning trucks for various villages and towns, so that garbage in the villages can be conveniently cleared and loaded.
The foregoing embodiment numbers of the present invention are merely for the purpose of description, and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments. From the description of the above embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the above example methods may be implemented by means of a superposition of some variants plus the necessary general techniques; of course, the method can also be realized by simplifying some important technical features. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention essentially or partly contributes to the prior art is: overall function and construction, and in combination with the construction described in connection with the various embodiments of the invention.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. A rural refuse transportation vehicle, comprising: the device comprises a hopper, a winch and a rear cover;
the winch is fixedly arranged at the front end of the car hopper; the rear end of the car hopper is provided with an opening, and the rear cover is hinged to the bottom of the rear end so as to open or close the opening;
the vertical section of the rear cover is of a V-shaped structure and is formed by welding two steel plates with included angles of 120-160 degrees; the opening of the V-shaped structure faces the front end of the car hopper when the opening of the car hopper is closed;
The top of the rear end is provided with a guide wheel, and the winch is provided with a telescopic steel wire rope; the rear cover is provided with a chute, and a roller sliding along the chute is arranged in the chute;
The winch is connected with the roller through the steel wire rope and the guide wheel;
the rear cover has a hinged end and a free end; the rear cover is hinged with the car hopper through the hinged end; the sliding chute is fixed on the rear cover and is arranged close to the free end;
The guide wheel is provided with a guide shaft; the top of the rear end is fixed with two parallel sliding rails; the two ends of the guide shaft are respectively arranged on the two sliding rails and slide along the sliding rails, so that the guide wheels slide back and forth relative to the hopper.
2. The rural garbage truck according to claim 1, wherein the slide rail is horizontally disposed, and an end of the slide rail facing the front end is a left end and an end of the slide rail facing the rear end is a right end;
A cylindrical spring is also arranged in each sliding rail; one end of the cylindrical spring is fixed at the left end, and the other end of the cylindrical spring is used for abutting against the end part of the guide shaft so that the guide shaft is pressed at the right end.
3. The rural garbage truck according to claim 2, wherein both ends of the guide shaft are respectively provided with a sliding wheel, and the guide shaft slides in the sliding rail through the sliding wheels;
The two ends of the guide shaft are also respectively provided with a conical connecting piece, and the guide shaft is connected with the cylindrical spring through each conical connecting piece.
4. A rural refuse transportation vehicle according to claim 3, wherein the right end of each slide rail is further provided with a locking device for engaging the guide shaft; the locking device is in contact with the guide shaft so that the guide shaft is fixed at the right end.
5. The rural refuse transport vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the locking means comprises: the proximity switch is arranged on the guide shaft, the strip-shaped gear is used for being clamped with the conical connecting piece, and the driving wheel is used for driving the strip-shaped gear; the driving wheel is connected with a driving motor;
the proximity switch is electrically connected with the driving motor, so that when the rear cover is close to the proximity switch, the driving motor rotates, the driving wheel and the bar gear are driven, and finally the locking state of the guide shaft at the right end is released.
6. The rural refuse transport vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the position of the right end coincides with the position of the rear end.
7. The rural garbage truck according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the hoist is located at a middle portion of the front end at the same distance from the upper and lower ends of the hopper.
8. The rural refuse vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the bottom of the hopper is further provided with a plurality of wheels;
The height of the hopper from the ground is the same as the vertical height of the rear cover after the hopper is completely opened.
CN201910784639.6A 2019-08-23 2019-08-23 Rural garbage truck Active CN110525851B (en)

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CN201910784639.6A CN110525851B (en) 2019-08-23 2019-08-23 Rural garbage truck

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CN110525851A CN110525851A (en) 2019-12-03
CN110525851B true CN110525851B (en) 2024-06-28

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CN111535267A (en) * 2020-05-07 2020-08-14 高彩真 Adjustable water sluicegate convenient to switching

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