CN110522885B - 一种提高母猪繁殖性能的中草药预混剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种提高母猪繁殖性能的中草药预混剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种提高母猪繁殖性能的中草药,由以下重量份的组分组成:金银花10‑30,黄芩20‑40份,黄芪15‑40份,益母草10‑20份,厚朴10‑20份,当归10‑25份,姜黄15‑25份,女贞子10‑20份;本发明还公开了该中草药的制备方法以及应用。本发明提供的中草药取材于天然植物,成本较低,可提高母猪的抗氧化、抗应激能力,改善母猪体质,提高生产性能和繁殖性能,延长母猪的繁殖年限。
Description
技术领域:
本发明涉及中药领域、饲料添加剂领域,涉及一种提高母猪繁殖性能的中草药预混剂及其制备方法。
背景技术:
近些年来,养猪业发展迅速,集约化程度越来越高,生产效率也得到了显著的提升。在集约规模化养殖场中,母猪生产处于相当重要的地位。母猪每年的可断奶仔猪头数越高就可为养殖场带来更高的收益。目前国内的养猪PSY(母猪年产胎次×母猪平均窝产活仔数×哺乳仔猪成活率)与国外相比仍有偏低,影响PSY的主要因素为母猪胎次、遗传因素、排卵率和胚胎死亡率、营养因素、配种管理、公猪效应、管理水平、繁殖疾病等。因此,提高PSY指数,提高母猪的繁殖性能一直是国内学者和养殖从业者关注的热点。
中草药作为纯天然的绿色饲料添加剂,其无残留、无耐药性、不污染环境等特点,同时还具有扶正祛邪、促生长、提高免疫力等功效。因此,中草药越来越多的用于养殖生产中。据中兽医理论,具有补气活血作用的中草药,可促进仔猪的生长发育,提高母猪产仔成活率,同时还可调节母猪气血状态,促进母猪泌乳性能,最终对母猪的繁殖性能起到明显的改善作用。
发明内容:
1.本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种提高母猪繁殖性能的中草药预混剂及其制备方法,取材于天然植物,可提高母猪的繁殖性能。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明的技术方案是:
一种提高母猪繁殖性能的中草药预混剂,由以下重量份的组份组成:金银花10-30份,黄芩20-40份,黄芪15-40份,益母草10-20份,厚朴10-20份,当归10-25份,姜黄15-25份,女贞子10-20份。
进一步地,由以下重量份的组份组成:金银花10-25份,黄芩20-35份,黄芪20-40份,益母草15-20份,厚朴10-15份,当归10-20份,姜黄15-20份,女贞子10-15份。
本发明所述的制备方法及其特征如下:
金银花提取物:取金银花药材,加水提取两次,每次1h,第一次加12倍量水,第2次加10倍量水,合并提取液,滤过,滤液减压浓缩,后喷雾干燥,即得。
黄芩提取物:取黄芩药材,加水煎煮2次,第一次8倍量水,浸渍90分钟后升温至100℃,煎煮1.5小时;第二次6倍量水煎煮1.5小时,合并煎液,浓缩至适量,浓缩液用2mol/l盐酸溶液调节pH值至1.0-2.0,80℃保温30分钟,静置12小时,沉淀物加适量水搅匀,用40%氢氧化钠溶液调节pH至7.0,加等量乙醇,搅拌使溶解;滤过,滤液用盐酸调节pH值至1.0-2.0,60℃保温静置30分钟;沉淀一次用适量水及不同浓度的乙醇洗至pH值至7.0,挥尽乙醇,减压干燥,即得。
黄芪提取物:取黄芪药材,加入8-12倍量水,提取2-3次,每次1-3h,提取温度70-100℃,提取液经膜过滤,合并提取液,50-80℃减压浓缩,用喷雾干燥机喷粉干燥,即得;
益母草提取物:取益母草药材加水煎煮3次,分别为15倍量2.0h,12倍量1.5h,10倍量1.0h,滤过,合并滤液,浓缩至约投药量一半的体积,冷却,加等量的95%乙醇,搅匀,常温静置24h,滤过,滤渣用45%的乙醇洗涤,合并滤液与洗液,减压浓缩,喷雾干燥。
厚朴提取物:取厚朴药材,加入8倍量的65%乙醇,回流提取3次,每次100min,合并提取液,真空浓缩后喷雾干燥,即得。
当归提取物:取当归药材,加入8倍量75%乙醇,80℃提取2小时,醇提液浓缩,后喷雾干燥,即得。
姜黄提取物:取姜黄药材,75%乙醇回流两次,第一次8倍量乙醇回流1.5h,第2次6倍量乙醇1h,合并滤液,浓缩,喷雾干燥。
女贞子提取物:取女贞子药材,加入8-12倍量水,提取2-3次,每次1-3h,提取温度70-100℃,提取液经膜过滤,合并提取液,50-80℃减压浓缩,用喷雾干燥机喷粉干燥,即得;
将金银花提取物、黄芩提取物、黄芪提取物、益母草提取物、厚朴提取物、当归提取物、姜黄提取物、女贞子提取物、相应辅料混合均匀,得预混剂成品。
本发明具有以下优势:
1.本发明的中草药预混剂来源广,无残留,无毒,无耐药性。
2.本发明的中草药预混剂可以提高母猪的免疫力,改善母猪的内分泌系统,降低妊娠母猪的应激反应,减少胎儿受到的应急刺激,提高活仔数。
3.本发明的中草药预混剂可以提高母猪的营养物质利用率,增加泌乳量,显著提高断奶仔猪的断奶窝重。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实例对本发明做进一步说明,但不仅仅局限于此。
实施例1
一种提高母猪繁殖性能的中草药预混剂,由以下不同质量配比的中药组成:金银花15份,黄芩25份,黄芪20份,益母草15份,厚朴15份,当归15份,姜黄20份,女贞子15份。
上述用于提高母猪繁殖性能的中草药预混剂,其具体的制备方法步骤如下:
金银花提取物:取金银花药材,加水提取两次,每次1h,第一次加12倍量水,第2次加10倍量水,合并提取液,滤过,滤液减压浓缩,后喷雾干燥,即得。
黄芩提取物:取黄芩药材,加水煎煮2次,第一次8倍量水,浸渍90分钟后升温至100℃,煎煮1.5小时;第二次6倍量水煎煮1.5小时,合并煎液,浓缩至适量,浓缩液用2mol/l盐酸溶液调节pH值至1.0-2.0,80℃保温30分钟,静置12小时,沉淀物加适量水搅匀,用40%氢氧化钠溶液调节pH至7.0,加等量乙醇,搅拌使溶解;滤过,滤液用盐酸调节pH值至1.0-2.0,60℃保温静置30分钟;沉淀一次用适量水及不同浓度的乙醇洗至pH值至7.0,挥尽乙醇,减压干燥,即得。
黄芪提取物:取黄芪药材,加入8-12倍量水,提取2-3次,每次1-3h,提取温度70-100℃,提取液经膜过滤,合并提取液,50-80℃减压浓缩,用喷雾干燥机喷粉干燥,即得。
益母草提取物:取益母草药材加水煎煮3次,分别为15倍量2.0h,12倍量1.5h,10倍量1.0h,滤过,合并滤液,浓缩至约投药量一半的体积,冷却,加等量的95%乙醇,搅匀,常温静置24h,滤过,滤渣用45%的乙醇洗涤,合并滤液与洗液,减压浓缩,喷雾干燥,即得。
厚朴提取物:取厚朴药材,加入8倍量的65%乙醇,回流提取3次,每次100min,合并提取液,真空浓缩后喷雾干燥,即得。
当归提取物:取当归药材,加入8倍量75%乙醇,80℃提取2小时,醇提液浓缩,后喷雾干燥,即得。
姜黄提取物:取姜黄药材,75%乙醇回流两次,第一次8倍量乙醇回流1.5h,第2次6倍量乙醇1h,合并滤液,浓缩,喷雾干燥,即得。
女贞子提取物:取女贞子药材,加入8-12倍量水,提取2-3次,每次1-3h,提取温度70-100℃,提取液经膜过滤,合并提取液,50-80℃减压浓缩,用喷雾干燥机喷粉干燥,即得。
将金银花提取物、黄芩提取物、黄芪提取物、益母草提取物、厚朴提取物、当归提取物、姜黄提取物、女贞子提取物、相应辅料混合均匀,得预混剂成品。
实施例2
一种提高母猪繁殖性能的中草药预混剂,由以下不同质量配比的中药组成:金银花20份,黄芩30份,黄芪25份,益母草15份,厚朴15份,当归20份,姜黄20份,女贞子15份。
本实施例的具体制备方法同实施例1。
实施例3
一种提高母猪繁殖性能的中草药预混剂,由以下不同质量配比的中药组成:金银花25份,黄芩35份,黄芪30份,益母草20份,厚朴20份,当归20份,姜黄20份,女贞子20份。
本实施例的具体制备方法同实施例1。
实施例4
一种提高母猪繁殖性能的中草药预混剂,由以下不同质量配比的中药组成:金银花5份,黄芩45份,黄芪40份,益母草25份,厚朴5份,当归20份,姜黄30份,女贞子5份。
本实施例的具体制备方法同实施例1。
实施例5
一种提高母猪繁殖性能的中草药预混剂,由以下不同质量配比的中药组成:金银花35份,黄芩15份,黄芪10份,益母草20份,厚朴25份,当归20份,姜黄25份,女贞子15份。
本实施例的具体制备方法同实施例1。
实施例6
一种提高母猪繁殖性能的中草药预混剂,由以下不同质量配比的中药组成:金银花40份,黄芩10份,黄芪10份,益母草25份,厚朴5份,当归30份,姜黄30份,女贞子25份。
本实施例的具体制备方法同实施例1。
各实施例对母猪繁殖性能的影响
1试验材料和方法
1.1试验动物
试验选择了140头正常妊娠80d左右的长大(长白×大白)二元经产母猪,按随机分成7个组,对照组和实施例1-6组,每个组20头母猪。
1.2试验方法
采用单因素试验设计,设置对照组、实施例1-6组(分组见表1)。对照组采用基础日粮(日粮营养成分见表2、表3),实施例组在基础日粮的基础上添加本发明的中草药预混剂0.05%.
表1试验设计表
表2妊娠母猪基础日粮组成及营养水平
表3哺乳母猪基础日粮组成及营养水平
1.3饲养管理
试验期间各处理组均采用半限位栏饲养,两组产前产后饲养管理方法相同,母猪产舍内温度保持在21-28℃,每日定期保持产粪消毒,保持良好的通风。产前5d转至分娩舍,产后饲料分别于早上6:00和下午15:00饲喂,根据母猪身体状况,每天饲喂2-4kg,分娩当天不喂料,分娩之后第1d喂1kg,之后每日根据母猪采食量逐日增加,至第6d达到日喂3次、每天3kg左右的饲喂量,直到断奶前1周便开始自由采食。
1.4测定指标
1.4.1母猪繁殖性能指标
健仔数、仔猪平均日增重、和断奶后发情配种率。
日泌乳力=(断奶窝重-初生窝重)×3/21
1.5数据统计与分析
首先采用Excel初步的数据分类与整理,其次采用SPSS19.0进行单因素方差分析,采用Duncan氏法进行多重比较。最后所有数据以平均值和SEM表示,P<0.05表示差异显著。
2.2结果与分析
2.2.1母猪的繁殖性能
由表4可知,在母猪饲粮中添加中草药1-3实施例可显著提高健仔数、仔猪平均日增重、日泌乳力和断奶后发情配种率(P<0.05)。
表4各实施例中草药对母猪繁殖性能的影响
注:同行肩标不同小写字母之间表示差异显著(P<0.05)
由上述临床试验可知,添加中草药可显著提高母猪的繁殖性能,具体表现在提高健仔数、泌乳力及配种率。
以上所述之实施例,仅仅用以解释本发明,并非限制本发明实施范围,对于本技术领域的技术人员来说,当然可根据本说明书中所公开的技术内容,通过置换或改变的方式轻易做出其它的实施方式,故凡在本发明的原理及工艺条件所做的变化和改进等,均应包括于本发明申请专利范围内。
Claims (3)
1.一种提高母猪繁殖性能的中草药,其特征在于,原料药由以下重量份的组分组成:金银花10-25份,黄芩20-35份,黄芪20-40份,益母草15-20份,厚朴10-15份,当归10-20份,姜黄15-20份,女贞子10-15份。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种提高母猪繁殖性能的中草药的制备方法,其特征在于,将八味中药制备成金银花提取物、黄芩提取物、黄芪提取物、益母草提取物、厚朴提取物、当归提取物、姜黄提取物、女贞子提取物,并与相应辅料混合均匀,得成品。
3.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其中各味中药提取物的具体制备方法如下:
(1)金银花提取物的制备方法为:取金银花药材,加水提取两次,每次1h,第一次加12倍量水,第2次加10倍量水,合并提取液,滤过,滤液减压浓缩,后喷雾干燥,即得;
(2)黄芩提取物的制备方法为:取黄芩药材,加水煎煮2次,第一次8倍量水,浸渍90分钟后升温至100℃,煎煮1.5小时;第二次6倍量水煎煮1.5小时,合并煎液,浓缩至适量,浓缩液用2mol/L盐酸溶液调节pH值至1.0-2.0,80℃保温30分钟,静置12小时,沉淀物加适量水搅匀,用40%氢氧化钠溶液调节pH至7.0,加等量乙醇,搅拌使溶解;滤过,滤液用盐酸调节pH值至1.0-2.0,60℃保温静置30分钟;沉淀一次用适量水及不同浓度的乙醇洗至pH值至7.0,挥尽乙醇,减压干燥,即得;
(3)黄芪提取物的制备方法为:取黄芪药材,加入8-12倍量水,提取2-3次,每次1-3h,提取温度70-100℃,提取液经膜过滤,合并提取液,50-80℃减压浓缩,用喷雾干燥机喷粉干燥,即得;
(4)益母草提取物的制备方法为:取益母草药材加水煎煮3次,分别为15倍量2.0h,12倍量1.5h,10倍量1.0h,滤过,合并滤液,浓缩至投药量一半的体积,冷却,加等量的95%乙醇,搅匀,常温静置24h,滤过,滤渣用45%的乙醇洗涤,合并滤液与洗液,减压浓缩,喷雾干燥,即得;
(5)厚朴提取物的制备方法为:取厚朴药材,加入8倍量的65%乙醇,回流提取3次,每次100min,合并提取液,真空浓缩后喷雾干燥,即得;
(6)当归提取物的制备方法为:取当归药材,加入8倍量75%乙醇,80℃提取2小时,醇提液浓缩,后喷雾干燥,即得;
(7)姜黄提取物的制备方法为:取姜黄药材,75%乙醇回流两次,第一次8倍量乙醇回流1.5h,第2次6倍量乙醇1h,合并滤液,浓缩,喷雾干燥,即得;
(8)女贞子提取物的制备方法为:取女贞子药材,加入8-12倍量水,提取2-3次,每次1-3h,提取温度70-100℃,提取液经膜过滤,合并提取液,50-80℃减压浓缩,用喷雾干燥机喷粉干燥,即得。
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