CN110521876A - A kind of feed with paper-mulberry leaf alkalization couples method, feed obtained and its application of production goose feed with biofermentation - Google Patents
A kind of feed with paper-mulberry leaf alkalization couples method, feed obtained and its application of production goose feed with biofermentation Download PDFInfo
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- CN110521876A CN110521876A CN201910873583.1A CN201910873583A CN110521876A CN 110521876 A CN110521876 A CN 110521876A CN 201910873583 A CN201910873583 A CN 201910873583A CN 110521876 A CN110521876 A CN 110521876A
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- feed
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- mulberry leaf
- goose
- biofermentation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/33—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from molasses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/22—Compounds of alkali metals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/24—Compounds of alkaline earth metals, e.g. magnesium
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
- A23K50/75—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
Couple with biofermentation method, feed obtained and its application for making goose feed the invention discloses a kind of alkalization of feed with paper-mulberry leaf, comprising the following steps: S1, will be spare after paper mulberry leaf segment or crushing；S2, solid basifier is added in through step S1 treated feed with paper-mulberry leaf, carries out stacking processing after stirring；S3, stacking treated feed with paper-mulberry leaf of learning from else's experience, addition strain carry out after anaerobic fermentation processing to get the goose feed；Wherein, the solid basifier is the mixture of sodium carbonate and calcium hydroxide.The present invention program had both solved the problems, such as that utilization of nutrients in the prior art was low, also overcomed that tradition alkalization pretreatment is existing complicated for operation, and corrosivity is strong, nutriment loss is big, and environmental protection pressure is big, energy consumption is high and it is at high cost a series of problems, such as.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to poultry breeding fields, and in particular to a kind of alkalization of feed with paper-mulberry leaf is coupled with biofermentation makes goose feed
Method, feed obtained and its application.
Background technique
Paper mulberry (scientific name Broussonetia papyrifera) alias Chu Tao etc., have fast-growing, adaptable, distribution is wide,
Easily breeding, the features such as heat is high, the period of felling in turn is short.Feed with paper-mulberry leaf is a kind of good feedstuff, and crude protein content is up to 28%,
Crude fibre 12%, it is full of nutrition, but since feed with paper-mulberry leaf there are cell wall structure, (closely tie by cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin
Structure) the problems such as animal is to digestibility coarse-fibred in feed with paper-mulberry leaf, complicated protein structure and anti-nutritional factors is hindered, so that
Livestock is not high to crude fibre, the digestibility of crude protein of feed with paper-mulberry leaf, and most of nutritional ingredient can be arranged from the excrement of animal
It walks, therefore, if feed with paper-mulberry leaf is directly fed, will cause great nutrition waste.Correlative study show in the prior art with
When feed with paper-mulberry leaf is as main feedstuff, fermentation process is usually carried out by addition lactic acid bacteria etc., which can make
Part crude protein is converted to mycoprotein in feed with paper-mulberry leaf, while softens crude fibre, makes the digestibility and utilization of crude protein in feed with paper-mulberry leaf
Rate and palatability increase.
Zymotechnique in the prior art, is usually directly handled by way of biofermentation, and according to related experiment
Result of study shows feed with paper-mulberry leaf after biofermentation, and part crude protein is converted to mycoprotein, and structure changes, but right
The content of cell wall structure and anti-nutritional factors is not substantially change, causes animal to the crude fibre of feed with paper-mulberry leaf and crude protein
Digestibility is not still high.Recently, Chinese invention patent application file CN105533160A discloses a kind of hybridization feed with paper-mulberry leaf, spray
Bar fermented feed and preparation method thereof specifically discloses after crushing feed with paper-mulberry leaf, shoot, molten with 0.5-0.8% sodium hydroxide
Liquid immersion treatment, then in 70-80 DEG C of boiling 40min, acid adding is neutralized and is digested after cooling down, and is finally used microbial fermentation, is obtained
To final products.Although this method can be shortened fermentation time, improves gross protein value and reduce crude fiber content, but the operation
It is complex, and need using strong acid and strong base, corrosivity is stronger, not only results in the nutriments such as hemicellulose in paper mulberry and loses
Greatly, can also exist because the base extraction after impregnating is difficult, the defects of environmental protection pressure is big.In addition, also being needed repeatedly in the technical process
Heating, energy consumption is higher, need to add enzyme and be digested, be added significantly to manufacturing cost.Therefore, the pre-treating technology of feed with paper-mulberry leaf
It still needs to be further improved.
Summary of the invention
The first technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: the feed with paper-mulberry leaf for providing a kind of more economical environmental protection alkalizes and biology
The method of fermentation coupling production goose feed.
Second technical problem to be solved by this invention is: goose feed made from the above method.
Third technical problem to be solved by this invention is: the application of above-mentioned goose feed.
In order to solve above-mentioned first technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows: a kind of feed with paper-mulberry leaf alkalization and raw
The method of object fermentation coupling production goose feed, comprising the following steps:
S1, will paper mulberry leaf segment or crush after it is spare；
S2, solid basifier is added in through step S1 treated feed with paper-mulberry leaf, carries out stacking processing after stirring；
S3, stacking treated feed with paper-mulberry leaf of learning from else's experience, addition strain carry out after anaerobic fermentation processing to get the goose feed；
Wherein, the solid basifier is the mixture of sodium carbonate and calcium hydroxide；The strain include Pediococcus pentosaceus,
Acetic acid bacteria and production Ruan's Candida.
Further, the weight ratio of the Pediococcus pentosaceus, acetic acid bacteria and production Ruan's Candida is (1~2): (1~
2): (2~4)；Preferably 1:1:3.
Further, the mass ratio of sodium carbonate and calcium hydroxide is (2~5): (1~3) in the solid basifier；It is preferred that
The mass ratio of ground, the sodium carbonate and calcium hydroxide is 3:2.
Further, in the step S2, the adding proportion of solid basifier is (0.8~1.2) % of paper mulberry leaf fresh weight.
Further, in the step S2, mixing time is (10~20) min.
Further, the time for stacking processing is left and right for 24 hours.
Further, the anaerobic fermentation process is specially that strain, corn flour and molasses are added into feed with paper-mulberry leaf, and stirring is equal
After even, pack is sealed, wherein the adding proportion of the corn flour and molasses is respectively (5~10) % of feed with paper-mulberry leaf weight
(1~2) %；Preferably, the adding proportion of the corn flour is (5~6) % of feed with paper-mulberry leaf weight.
Preferably, the pH of feed is between 3.6-6.0 after the time that the anaerobic fermentation is handled is 15 days and ferments.
Further, the additive amount of the strain is (1~5) %；Preferably (1~3) %.
Beneficial effects of the present invention include at least: the present invention is raised using basification and biofermentation coupling technique production goose
Material, meat goose is a kind of herbvore aquatic bird, and compared with other birds, enteric microorganism is extremely powerful, and crude fibre utilization rate is high；This hair
Bright scheme carries out the processing of solid alkalization method, the alkali to feed with paper-mulberry leaf by solid basifier (mixture of sodium carbonate and calcium hydroxide)
Compared with agent sodium hydroxide used in the prior art, corrosivity is weaker, but can effectively destroy the cell wall of feed with paper-mulberry leaf
Structure makes the structure depolymerization of cellulose in cell wall, hemicellulose and lignin, and meat goose enteric microorganism is enable to touch fiber
The nutriments such as element and hemicellulose；In addition, alkalization can also remove 90% or more anti-nutritional factors, mentioned in conjunction with biofermentation
High palatability and holding time also significantly improve animal to the digestibility and utilization of the nutriments such as crude protein in feed with paper-mulberry leaf, improve and raise
The rate of returns of material, the present invention program had both solved the problems, such as that utilization of nutrients in the prior art was low, and had also overcomed tradition
Alkalization pretreatment is existing complicated for operation, and corrosivity is strong, and nutriment loss is big, and environmental protection pressure is big, energy consumption is high and at high cost etc.
A series of problems.
In order to solve above-mentioned second technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows: goose made from the above method is raised
Material.
In order to solve above-mentioned third technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows: above-mentioned feed is in meat goose cultivation
In application.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the preparation flow schematic diagram of the goose feed of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph before the feed with paper-mulberry leaf basification of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 3 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph after the feed with paper-mulberry leaf basification of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated With reference to embodiment.If without specified otherwise, reality of the invention
Applying raw material employed in example is raw material commonly used in the art, and method employed in embodiment is the routine of this field
Method.
The embodiment of the present invention one are as follows: a kind of method that feed with paper-mulberry leaf alkalization couples production goose feed with biofermentation, such as Fig. 1 institute
Show, comprising the following steps:
S1, will paper mulberry leaf segment or crush after it is spare；
S2, solid basifier is added in through step S1 treated feed with paper-mulberry leaf, stacking processing is carried out after stirring (at alkalization
Reason) for 24 hours；
S3, stacking treated feed with paper-mulberry leaf of learning from else's experience, addition strain carry out after anaerobic fermentation is handled 15 days to get goose feeding
Material；
Wherein, the strain includes Pediococcus pentosaceus, acetic acid bacteria and production Ruan's Candida, the Pediococcus pentosaceus, vinegar
Sour bacterium and the weight ratio for producing Ruan's Candida are 1:1:3；The solid basifier is the sodium carbonate and hydrogen-oxygen that mass ratio is 3:2
Change the mixture of calcium.
The feed with paper-mulberry leaf before and after basification is taken to be scanned electron microscope analysis, it is as a result as shown in Figures 2 and 3 respectively.From Fig. 2 and 3
In as can be seen that untreated feed with paper-mulberry leaf surfacing, smooth, the feed with paper-mulberry leaf surface relief after basification is uneven, thus
Show feed with paper-mulberry leaf after basification cell wall structure by a degree of destruction.
The embodiment of the present invention two are as follows: a kind of method that feed with paper-mulberry leaf alkalization couples production goose feed with biofermentation, including with
Lower step:
1, feed with paper-mulberry leaf is cut into the segment of 1-2cm, it is spare；
2, it according to weight ratio 3:2 weighs sodium carbonate and calcium hydroxide carries out uniformly mixed, solid basifier is made, it is spare；
3, the feed with paper-mulberry leaf by dissection is put into blender, addition 0.8% (with the calculation of paper mulberry leaf fresh weight, similarly hereinafter) basifier,
Blowing after stirring 10min, and stack 24 hours or so, it is spare.
4, weigh the feed with paper-mulberry leaf after basification, be put into blender, be added 2% corn flour, 1% molasses and
After mixing evenly, pack is sealed 1% strain (with the calculation of paper mulberry leaf fresh weight), is broken a seal after anaerobic fermentation 15 days to get finished product feeding
Material.
The embodiment of the present invention three are as follows: a kind of method that feed with paper-mulberry leaf alkalization couples production goose feed with biofermentation, including with
Lower step:
1, feed with paper-mulberry leaf is directly crushed, it is spare；
2, it according to weight ratio 3:2 weighs sodium carbonate and calcium hydroxide carries out uniformly mixed, basifier is made, it is spare；
3, the feed with paper-mulberry leaf crushed is put into blender, addition 1.0% (with the calculation of paper mulberry leaf fresh weight, similarly hereinafter) alkalization
Agent is stirred blowing after 10min, and is stacked 24 hours or so, spare.
4, the feed with paper-mulberry leaf after basification is weighed, is put into blender, 6% corn flour of feed with paper-mulberry leaf weight, 1% sugar is added
After mixing evenly, pack is sealed for honey and 1% strain, and Kaifeng is after anaerobic fermentation 15 days to get finished product feedstuff.
The embodiment of the present invention four are as follows: a kind of method that feed with paper-mulberry leaf alkalization couples production goose feed with biofermentation, including with
Lower step:
1, feed with paper-mulberry leaf is cut into 1-2cm segment, it is spare；
2, it according to weight ratio 3:2 weighs sodium carbonate and calcium hydroxide carries out uniformly mixed, basifier is made, it is spare；
3, the feed with paper-mulberry leaf by dissection is put into blender, addition 1.2% (with the calculation of paper mulberry leaf fresh weight, similarly hereinafter) basifier,
Blowing after stirring 10min, and stack 24 hours or so, it is spare.
4, the feed with paper-mulberry leaf after basification is weighed, is put into blender, 10% corn flour of feed with paper-mulberry leaf weight, 2% is added
After mixing evenly, pack is sealed for molasses and 1% strain, and Kaifeng is after anaerobic fermentation 15 days to get finished product feedstuff.
Reference examples one of the present invention are as follows: a kind of preparation method of goose feed, the difference with embodiment two are: without alkalization
Processing, directly ferments.
Reference examples two of the present invention are as follows: a kind of preparation method of goose feed, preparation process are specific referring to CN105533160A
The scheme of embodiment part, staple fiber ppd are 1cm or so, other each parameters take intermediate value.
Strain used in fermentation process is Pediococcus pentosaceus, acetic acid bacteria and production Ruan in Examples 1 to 3 and reference examples 1~2
The mixture of Candida, the mass ratio of three kinds of bacterium are 1:1:3.
Taking 50 growing way health, the similar gosling of size (weight is in 1.5-2.0kg) is randomly divided into 5 groups, and every group 10,
It is denoted as experimental group 1, experimental group 2, experimental group 3, experimental group 4, experimental group 5 respectively.Wherein, the meat goose of experimental group 1 feeds embodiment 2
The paper mulberry leaf feed of production, experimental group 2 feed the paper mulberry leaf feed that embodiment 3 makes, and experimental group 3 feeds what embodiment 4 made
Paper mulberry leaf feed, experimental group 4 are fermented feed made from fed control example 1, and experimental group 5 is feed made from fed control example 1.
Furthermore supplement paddy 500g/d is also needed for every group.
Test period is 20 days, during test, tests goose free water, daily to feed 2 (8:00-9:00,16:00-
17:00), amount is fed showed a small surplus in hopper as degree.Goose house gives up temperature control system at 25-32 DEG C.
Average daily gain: terminate 9 points of morning in test starting, experiment respectively and empty stomach weighing is carried out to goose, calculate average day
Weight gain.
Average daily gain: the daily feed intake of accurate recording during test calculates average daily gain.
Average day excrement amount: collecting each group meat goose excrement during experiment, and measure in excrement crude protein and coarse-fibred contain
Amount.
Feed-weight ratio: feed-weight ratio, i.e. feed-weight ratio=average daily gain are calculated according to average daily gain and average daily gain
(g)/average daily gain (g).
Test result is as shown in table 1 below:
Table 1
As can be seen from the above table, meat goose is fed using the paper mulberry fermented feed that the present invention makes, in average daily gain phase
In the case that difference is little, meat goose average daily gain can effectively improve, reduce feed-weight ratio, reduce excrement amount, while excrement remains
Nutritional ingredient is significantly reduced, and showing can be preferably by meat using the nutritional ingredient in treated feed of the embodiment of the present invention
Goose absorbs.Especially compared with microorganism direct fermentation group, it can be clearly seen that paper mulberry leaf feed is produced using the technology of the present invention,
To improving, the nutriments effect such as crude protein, crude fibre in meat goose digestion and absorption paper mulberry is good.And relative to base extraction+enzymatic hydrolysis+
The cost of the scheme of biofermentation, application scheme can be greatly reduced.
Compared with the prior art, at least there is following advantages in the embodiment of the present invention: (1) using solid alkalization method, and alkali
Agent corrosivity is low, and operational safety is high；(2) basifier additive amount is precisely added according to weight of material, not only ensures alkali
Change effect stability, will not also cause to waste because of basifier excessive addition；(3) by addition efficient bacterium, it is ensured that material to
Needed for direction ferment, improve the success rate of fermented feed, be greatly reduced Feed Manufacturing cost；(4) entire preparation
Method and process all carries out at normal temperatures and pressures, and low energy consumption, and discharges without waste water and gas, economic and environment-friendly.
In addition, claimed midpoint of technical range be not exhaustive and in embodiment technical solution it is right
The same replacement of single or multiple technical characteristics is formed by new technical solution, equally all in claimed model
In enclosing；Simultaneously the present invention program it is all enumerate or unlisted embodiment in, parameters in the same embodiment are only
Indicate one embodiment (i.e. a kind of feasible scheme) of its technical solution.
Specific embodiment described herein is only an example for the spirit of the invention.The neck of technology belonging to the present invention
The technical staff in domain can do various modifications or supplement or is substituted in a similar manner to described specific embodiment, but simultaneously
Spirit or beyond the scope defined by the appended claims of the invention is not deviated by.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method that feed with paper-mulberry leaf alkalization couples production goose feed with biofermentation, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
S1, will paper mulberry leaf segment or crush after it is spare；
S2, solid basifier is added in through step S1 treated feed with paper-mulberry leaf, carries out stacking processing after stirring；
S3, stacking treated feed with paper-mulberry leaf of learning from else's experience, addition strain carry out after anaerobic fermentation processing to get the goose feed；
Wherein, the solid basifier is the mixture of sodium carbonate and calcium hydroxide；The strain includes Pediococcus pentosaceus, acetic acid
Bacterium and production Ruan's Candida.
2. the method that feed with paper-mulberry leaf alkalization according to claim 1 couples production goose feed with biofermentation, it is characterised in that:
The mass ratio of sodium carbonate and calcium hydroxide is (2~5): (1~3) in the solid basifier；Preferably, the sodium carbonate and hydrogen
The mass ratio of calcium oxide is 3:2.
3. the method that feed with paper-mulberry leaf alkalization according to claim 1 couples production goose feed with biofermentation, it is characterised in that:
In the step S2, the adding proportion of solid basifier is (0.8~1.2) % of paper mulberry leaf fresh weight.
4. the method that feed with paper-mulberry leaf alkalization according to claim 1 couples production goose feed with biofermentation, it is characterised in that:
In the step S2, mixing time is (10~20) min.
5. the method that feed with paper-mulberry leaf alkalization according to claim 1 couples production goose feed with biofermentation, it is characterised in that:
The time for stacking processing is left and right for 24 hours.
6. the method that feed with paper-mulberry leaf alkalization according to claim 1 couples production goose feed with biofermentation, it is characterised in that:
The anaerobic fermentation process is specially that strain, corn flour and molasses are added into feed with paper-mulberry leaf, and after mixing evenly, pack sealing is protected
It deposits, wherein the adding proportion of the corn flour and molasses is respectively (5~10) % and (1~2) % of feed with paper-mulberry leaf weight.
7. the method that feed with paper-mulberry leaf alkalization according to claim 1 couples production goose feed with biofermentation, it is characterised in that:
The pH of feed is between 3.6-6.0 after the time of the anaerobic fermentation processing is 15 days and ferments.
8. the method that feed with paper-mulberry leaf alkalization according to claim 1 couples production goose feed with biofermentation, it is characterised in that:
The additive amount of the strain is 1%~5%.
9. goose feed made from a kind of method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. application of the goose feed as claimed in claim 9 in meat goose cultivation.
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| CN201910873583.1A CN110521876A (en) | 2019-09-17 | 2019-09-17 | A kind of feed with paper-mulberry leaf alkalization couples method, feed obtained and its application of production goose feed with biofermentation |
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| CN201910873583.1A CN110521876A (en) | 2019-09-17 | 2019-09-17 | A kind of feed with paper-mulberry leaf alkalization couples method, feed obtained and its application of production goose feed with biofermentation |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN116649476A (en) * | 2023-07-26 | 2023-08-29 | 成都铁骑力士饲料有限公司 | Combined pretreatment method for improving effective energy value of dreg type feed |
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