CN110521560B - Facility cam driven type liquid fertilizer precise positioning quantitative fertilizer applicator and fertilizer application method - Google Patents
Facility cam driven type liquid fertilizer precise positioning quantitative fertilizer applicator and fertilizer application method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110521560B CN110521560B CN201910862816.8A CN201910862816A CN110521560B CN 110521560 B CN110521560 B CN 110521560B CN 201910862816 A CN201910862816 A CN 201910862816A CN 110521560 B CN110521560 B CN 110521560B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fertilizer
- needle
- fertilizing
- fertilization
- liquid fertilizer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G29/00—Root feeders; Injecting fertilisers into the roots
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a facility cam driven type liquid fertilizer accurate positioning quantitative fertilizer applicator and a fertilizer application method. The invention discloses a specific implementation method of the invention, which comprises the steps of realizing line spacing positioning by utilizing a guide rail and a sliding block, running in the guide rail, pushing a fertilizing needle to insert into soil by utilizing a cam motion fertilizing device, opening a torsion spring switch when the fertilizing needle is positioned at a cam far repose angle, accelerating liquid fertilizer by a venturi tube, enabling the liquid fertilizer to be rapidly sprayed, closing the torsion spring switch when the fertilizing needle returns, returning the liquid fertilizer to a fertilizing barrel through an overflow valve, and repeating the above processes for fertilizing. The control system is used for inputting plant spacing of crops to be fertilized, the rotation speed of the fertilization motor can be adjusted according to the rotation speed of the driving motor, so that the fertilization needle can accurately position the root position of the crops for fertilization, and the control system monitors information such as speed, pressure, liquid level and the like in real time. The invention can realize accurate positioning quantitative automatic fertilization of crops in the greenhouse, and can carry out fertilization deep into the depth required by the crops.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of facility agricultural machinery, in particular to a facility cam driven type liquid fertilizer precise positioning quantitative fertilizer applicator and a fertilizer application method.
Background
The application amount of chemical fertilizer in China is very large. At present, solid-state granular fertilizers are most widely used in agricultural production, but the solid-state granular fertilizers have low utilization rate and serious waste, cause huge pollution to the environment, and the quality of soil can be seriously affected by excessive application, so that the yield and quality of crops can not be greatly improved. Compared with solid fertilizer, the liquid fertilizer has the advantages of easy water dissolution, uniform quality, easy formula adjustment, easy absorption, cost reduction, environmental protection and the like, and has wide application prospect.
In the existing liquid fertilizer machine, the development of the liquid fertilizer machine is mature, mainly a large-scale foliar spraying liquid fertilizer machine tool, for the fertilizer machine tool, the machine tool is mainly introduced by China, and mainly sprays liquid fertilizer on the surfaces of crop leaves, so that the operation speed is high, but the price is high, the utilization rate is low, and certain pollution is caused to the environment. The technique is to carry out the fertilization operation on a large scale to whole crop, absorbs liquid fertilizer through the crop blade, is relatively suitable for outdoor large scale, the blade absorbs the stronger crop of liquid fertilizer ability and carries out fertilization operation, and to the crop in the big-arch shelter and the blade absorbs the weak crop of ability, carry out root and spray fertilization more to be favorable to the crop to the absorption of liquid fertilizer, moreover large-scale leaf surface spray type fertilizer apparatus can't carry out the operation in the big-arch shelter, the operation is complicated, the price is expensive, moreover can not realize automatic operation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a facility cam-driven liquid fertilizer precise positioning quantitative fertilizer applicator and a fertilizing method, which can be used for carrying out precise positioning automatic deep fertilization on the roots of crops in a greenhouse, and improving the fertilizer utilization rate, thereby improving the crop yield.
The invention provides a fertilizing method by using a facility cam driven liquid fertilizer precise positioning quantitative fertilizing machine, which comprises the following steps:
1. moving the fertilizer applicator to a position to be operated, and adjusting the positions of the sliding blocks on the guide rails before operation so that the fertilizer application needle is close to the root position of crops along with the movement of the sliding blocks;
2. inputting corresponding crop plant spacing into a control system of the fertilizer applicator in a key touch screen or mobile phone app;
3. starting the liquid fertilizer conveying driving device, wherein a touch switch on the liquid fertilizer conveying pipeline is in a closed state at the moment, and liquid fertilizer flows back to the fertilizer applying barrel through the overflow valve;
4. after all the work is ready, starting a fertilizer applicator traveling driving device and a fertilizer application driving device, and starting the fertilizer applicator to travel;
5. after the plant spacing is fixed, in the running process of the fertilizer applicator, the rotating speed of the fertilizer application driving device is adapted to the running speed of the fertilizer applicator, when the fertilizer application driving device is close to crops, a touch switch on a fertilizer infusion pipeline is opened, and a cam movement mechanism enables a fertilizer application needle to be accurately inserted into soil near the roots of the crops, and liquid fertilizer flows into the soil through the fertilizer application needle to perform fertilizer application;
6. when the fertilizing needle leaves the root of the crop, the touch switch on the fertilizer infusion pipeline is closed, the fertilizing needle resets, and one-time fertilization is finished;
7. repeating the steps 5 and 6 to realize large-scale fertilization.
The method is simple to operate and high in automation degree, and can realize accurate positioning slotting and soil-entering fertilization by utilizing the fertilization needle, so that on one hand, the whole crop leaves are not required to be sprayed as long as the root position of the crop to be fertilized is accurately inserted, the fertilization operation efficiency can be improved, and the fertilization of the root of the crop can be realized in a large scale; on the other hand, the fertilizing needle can penetrate into the depth required by crops and spray liquid fertilizer, so that deeper fertilizing work is realized, the fertilizing needle can be directly inserted into the soil to fertilize the roots of the crops by 10-20cm, the liquid fertilizer is intensively sprayed on the roots, the crops can better absorb the nutrients of the liquid fertilizer, a large amount of fertilizers are not needed, pollution is avoided, the environment is protected relatively, the utilization rate of the fertilizers is improved, and the cost is reduced.
The invention also provides a facility cam-driven type liquid fertilizer accurate positioning quantitative fertilizer distributor, which comprises a frame provided with a travelling device, wherein the frame is provided with a liquid fertilizer storage and conveying device, the frame is also provided with a side rod extending downwards and a needle plate fixedly connected to the side rod, the needle plate is connected with a fertilizer injection needle communicated with a fertilizer injection barrel of the liquid fertilizer storage and conveying device through a fertilizer injection pipeline in a sliding manner, the fertilizer injection pipeline is provided with a touch switch which moves up and down along with the fertilizer injection needle, and the needle plate is fixedly provided with a baffle table positioned on the moving track of the touch switch; the device also comprises a cam motion fertilization device for driving the fertilization needle to move up and down.
According to the scheme, the frame is arranged, an installation carrier is provided for other parts, equipment walking is realized through the walking device, liquid fertilizer is stored and conveyed through the liquid fertilizer storage and conveying device, the cam movement fertilizing device drives the fertilizing needle to move up and down during fertilization, when the fertilizing needle is close to crops, the cam movement fertilizing device drives the fertilizing needle to move down into soil, in the downward movement process, the touch switch is blocked by the blocking table to be opened, liquid fertilizer in the fertilizing barrel enters an inner hole of the fertilizing needle through an infusion fertilizer pipeline and is sprayed out to the soil from the fertilizing needle, fertilization to roots is realized, after the cam rotates by a certain angle, the fertilizing needle moves up and resets, the touch switch loses the reaction force of the blocking table to restore to a closed state again, periodic fertilization is realized along with rotation of the cam, and the rotation speed of the cam is adapted to the walking speed of the equipment.
As optimization, the cam movement fertilization device comprises a cam which is connected with the needle plate in a shaft way and a second driving device which drives the cam to rotate and is fixedly connected with the side rod; the fertilizing needle is rotationally connected with a roller in contact with the cam through a transverse shaft, and the fertilizing needle is connected with the needle mounting plate through a reset spring. According to the optimal scheme, the cam is driven to rotate through the second driving device, when the far repose angle part of the cam is in contact with the roller in the rotation process of the cam, the fertilization needle moves downwards, and after the far repose angle is rotated, the fertilization needle is pulled back to the initial position under the action of the reset spring, so that the periodic movement of the fertilization needle is realized, and the fertilization precision is ensured.
As optimization, the safety needle plate is fixedly provided with a sliding sleeve which is in sliding connection with the fertilizing needle, the outer side wall of the fertilizing needle is fixedly provided with an upper limiting plate, the safety needle plate is fixedly connected with a lower limiting plate positioned below the sliding sleeve, the resetting spring is sleeved on the fertilizing needle, and two ends of the resetting spring can be respectively propped against the upper limiting plate and the lower limiting plate. The fertilizing needle mounting structure of the optimization scheme is simple, the sliding sleeve is arranged to provide guidance for the fertilizing needle, deflection is avoided when the fertilizing needle moves up and down, two ends of the upper limiting plate and the lower limiting plate are utilized to limit, and the reliability of spring deformation is guaranteed.
As an optimization, the cam is provided with two far repose angles in the circumferential direction. The setting of this optimization scheme for the cam can realize twice fertilization every round, is favorable to improving fertilization efficiency.
As optimization, circular arc blades are respectively and fixedly arranged on two sides of the spraying channel of the fertilization needle. This optimizing scheme is through setting up the circular arc blade, and the protection fertilization passageway that can the maximum extent, and during the equipment walking, circular arc blade produce horizontal tangential force, not only can break the earth fluting for the fertilization needle, makes it light, inserts in the soil fast, and at the in-process of going into soil and going out of the soil, circular arc blade can also play the effect that protection fertilization needle prevented the syringe needle wearing and tearing moreover, when circular arc blade dulled, can polish once more makes its sharpness, has prolonged life.
As optimization, an overflow valve communicated with a fertilization barrel is arranged on a pipeline between an electric pump and a touch switch in the liquid fertilizer storage and conveying device. According to the optimized scheme, the overflow valve is arranged, when the touch switch is closed, liquid fertilizer in the pipeline can flow back to the fertilization barrel through the overflow valve, so that waste is reduced.
As optimization, a venturi tube is also arranged on the pipeline between the touch switch and the fertilizing needle. This optimizing scheme can realize accelerating liquid fertilizer through setting up venturi, makes liquid fertilizer spray out from fertilization passageway fast, sprays required liquid fertilizer in shorter time, has promoted the operating efficiency greatly.
As optimization, the frame is also provided with a guide rail extending along the width direction of the furrow, the guide rail is connected with a slide block fixedly connected with the side rod in a sliding way, the slide block is provided with a bolt in a penetrating way, and the guide rail is provided with a plurality of jacks arranged along the axial direction. According to the optimization scheme, through the arrangement of the guide rail and the slide block, the position of the slide block on the guide rail can be adjusted, the fertilizing needle is close to the root position of crops, the upper side of the guide rail is provided with the original notch with the equal small spacing of 2cm, the circular notch of the slide block is concentric with the circular notch of the guide rail, the same heart notch is inserted through the bolt, accurate transverse spacing positioning is achieved, and row spacing positioning is not needed after primary positioning; and can be according to the actual conditions of the crops in the big-arch shelter, can install right amount on the guide rail fertilization wheel structure realizes that the multirow is executed simultaneously, very big improvement operating efficiency.
As optimization, the frame is also provided with a fixed shaft in sliding connection with the side rod, and the fixed shaft is positioned below the guide rail and parallel to the guide rail. The sliding of the side lever is provided with further guiding and positioning by the aid of the fixed shaft.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the fertilizer needle can be utilized to realize the precise positioning of slotting and soil-entering fertilization, so that on one hand, the whole crop leaves do not need to be sprayed as long as the position of the root part of the crop to be fertilized is precisely inserted, the fertilization working efficiency can be improved, and the fertilization of the root part of the crop can be realized in a large scale; on the other hand, the fertilizing needle can penetrate into the depth required by crops and spray liquid fertilizer, so that deeper fertilizing work is realized, the liquid fertilizer is intensively sprayed at the root, the crops can better absorb the nutrients of the liquid fertilizer, a large amount of fertilizers are not needed, pollution is avoided, the environment is relatively friendly, the utilization rate of the fertilizers is improved, and the cost is reduced; and the application effect is good, the operation efficiency is high, the soil property deterioration can be effectively prevented, the soil environment and the quality are improved, and the crop yield and the crop quality are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall machine of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an overall mechanical side view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a fertilizing needle in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the working state of the fertilizing needle in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the profile of a cam in an embodiment of the invention;
FIGS. 6 and 7 are schematic views showing the movement structure of the cam in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the fluid circuit of the fertilization system in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a control flow chart of the control system in the embodiment of the invention.
The figure shows:
1. a control switch; 2. driving the wheels; 3. a fertilizer application wheel; 4. a fertilization barrel; 5. a driving motor; 6. an overflow valve; 7. an electric pump; 8. a chain; 9. a compression spring type tensioning wheel structure; 10. a slide block; 11. a hose; 12. a battery cover; 13. a support rod; 14. a plug pin; 15. a guide rail; 16. a pipe; 17. an electric wire; 18. a frame; 19. a steering shaft; 20. a rail wheel; 21. a touch switch; 22. a cam; 23. a fertilization needle; 24. a sprocket; 25. a motor drive shaft; 26. a storage battery; 27. a fixed shaft; 28. a side bar; 29. a vertical seat type bearing; 30. a differential; 31. a venturi tube; 32. a baffle; 33. a spring; 34. a differential chassis; 35. a half shaft; 36. controlling a display screen; 37. a fertilizing motor; 38. a synchronous belt; 39. a box body.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly illustrate the technical characteristics of the scheme, the scheme is described below by taking broccoli as an example through a specific embodiment.
The utility cam-driven liquid fertilizer accurate positioning quantitative fertilizer distributor comprises a frame 18 provided with a traveling device, wherein a liquid fertilizer storage and conveying device, a cam movement fertilizer distributor, a positioning device and a display control device are arranged on the frame.
The running gear includes driving motor 5, differential mechanism 30, upright bearing 29, sprocket 24, chain 8, pressure spring formula take-up pulley structure 9, driving wheel 2, driven fertilization wheel 3, rail wheel 20, transmission shaft 25, semi-axis 35, differential chassis 34, brake equipment, differential chassis 34 links to each other with frame 18, and driving motor 5 and differential mechanism 30 all are arranged in differential chassis 34 is last, through sprocket 24 and chain 8 transmission, drives driving wheel 2 and rotates to adopt differential mechanism 30 to connect two driving wheels 2, rail wheel 20 is arranged in corresponding track, still is equipped with the obstacle avoidance module, and the walking is steady, and obstacle avoidance ability is better, realizes the removal of fertilizer distributor through running gear. Specifically, the power of the driving motor 5 is transmitted to the driving wheel 2 through the driving shaft 25, the half shaft 35, the chain wheel 24 and the chain 8 to rotate so as to drive the fertilizer applicator to walk; the differential mechanism 30 can ensure that the speed of wheels on the inner side of a track is lower than the speed of wheels on the outer side of the track when the fertilizer applicator turns, so that the fertilizer applicator is prevented from turning over when the speeds of the wheels on the two sides are consistent; the compression spring type tensioning wheel structure 9 is arranged near the driving wheel shaft, and automatically adjusts the tensioning force of the chain, so that the transmission system is more stable, safer and more reliable.
The driving device in the running gear adopts a 48V direct current brush motor, the 48V direct current brush motor is fixed on the differential chassis 34, the direct current motor is connected with a control system through an electric wire 17, the corresponding rotating speed of the direct current motor can be displayed on a control display screen 36 or a mobile phone app, the speed can be regulated through the control system, and speed reducers arranged on a driving axle are arranged on two sides of a chain wheel 24 so as to reduce the output rotating speed, so that the running of the fertilizer applicator is smooth and stable.
In order to facilitate the installation of the running gear, the cam-operated fertilizer applicator, the positioning device, the liquid manure storage and delivery device and the display control device, a suitable frame 18, support bar 13 and box 39 are provided in this embodiment. In the running gear, a driving motor 5 is connected with a control switch 1 through an electric wire and then is connected with a storage battery 26, the driving motor 5 and a differential mechanism 30 are connected around a frame through a differential mechanism chassis 34, a driving wheel 2 and a rail wheel 20 are arranged on the bottom surface of the frame 18, a box 39 is arranged above the frame through four supporting rods 13, a fertilization barrel 4 and the storage battery 26 are all arranged in the box 39, and the box 39 is supported by the four supporting rods 13.
The frame is also provided with a side rod 28 extending downwards and a needle plate fixedly connected to the side rod, the needle plate is connected with a fertilizing needle 23 communicated with a fertilizing barrel 4 of the liquid fertilizer storage and conveying device through a liquid fertilizer conveying pipeline in a sliding manner, the liquid fertilizer conveying pipeline is provided with a touch switch 21 moving up and down along with the fertilizing needle, and the needle plate is fixedly provided with a baffle table 32 positioned on the movement track of the touch switch; the device also comprises a cam motion fertilization device for driving the fertilization needle to move up and down.
The cam movement fertilization device comprises a cam 22 and a second driving device 37, wherein the cam 22 is connected onto the safety needle disc in a shaft mode, the second driving device is used for driving the cam to rotate and is fixedly connected with the side rods, the second driving device is a fertilization motor, the cam 22 is in transmission connection with the fertilization motor through a synchronous belt 38, the fertilization wheel 3 is fixed through the two side rods 28, and the fertilization needle 23 is pushed to be inserted into soil for fertilization when the cam 22 rotates. The cam is provided with two far repose angles in the circumferential direction, and the outline of the cam is shown in figure 5. The fertilizing needle is rotatably connected with a roller in contact with the cam through a transverse shaft, and the fertilizing needle is also connected with the needle mounting plate through a reset spring 33. Specifically, the sliding sleeve which is in sliding connection with the fertilizing needle is fixedly arranged on the mounting needle plate, the upper limiting plate is fixedly arranged on the outer side wall of the fertilizing needle, the lower limiting plate positioned below the sliding sleeve is fixedly connected on the mounting needle plate, the resetting spring is sleeved on the fertilizing needle, and two ends of the resetting spring can be respectively propped against the upper limiting plate and the lower limiting plate.
The one-way valve is arranged in the spraying channel of the fertilizing needle, the circular arc blades are respectively fixedly arranged on two sides of the spraying channel, the circular arc blades 3 are close to the ground entering end of the fertilizing needle, the spraying channel is wrapped by the circular arc blades 3, the fertilizing channel is protected by 360 degrees in the maximum range, the circular arc blades 3 generate transverse tangential force, the soil can be broken, the grooves are formed, the fertilizing needle is protected, and when the circular arc blades 3 become blunt, secondary polishing can be carried out. The one-way valve is arranged in the fertilization needle to realize one-way spraying of liquid fertilizer, and the resultant force of fertilization by the fertilization needle can be referred to as figure 4.
The liquid source of the liquid fertilizer storage and conveying device adopts an electric pump 7 to carry out extraction and injection. The electric pump 7 is arranged on a chassis protruding from the bottom of the casing 39. Plastic pipelines 16 are used for connecting the fertilization barrel 4 with the electric pump 7, the electric pump 7 with the overflow valve 6, the overflow valve 6 with the fertilization barrel 4 and the electric pump 7 with the hose 11, and are arranged above the box 39, so that connection and fixation among all parts are facilitated. The hose 11 is adopted between the plastic pipeline 16 and the fertilizing needle structure, and is convenient to stretch and retract, so that the fertilizing wheel structure can move on the guide rail 15. The overflow valve 6 is arranged between the electric pump 7 and the fertilization barrel 4 and is arranged on a partition plate fixed on the box body 39. In operation, liquid fertilizer is finally conveyed to the fertilization needle 23 for spraying along the plastic pipeline 16, the electric pump 7, the plastic pipeline 16, the hose 11 and the venturi tube 31 from the fertilization barrel 4 under the suction force of the electric pump 7. A pressure feedback device is also placed in the hydraulic system to feed back the pressure to the control display screen 36 and the mobile phone app, so as to monitor the hydraulic system in real time, and a hydraulic liquid path schematic diagram can refer to fig. 8.
An overflow valve communicated with the fertilization barrel is also installed on a pipeline between the electric pump 7 and the touch switch in the liquid fertilizer storage and conveying device, a venturi tube 31 is also installed on a pipeline between the touch switch and the fertilization needle, the touch switch 21 is a torsion spring switch, the torsion spring switch can adopt the prior art, and the specific structure of the torsion spring switch is not repeated.
The positioning device comprises a guide rail 15 which is fixed on the frame box body and extends along the width direction of the furrow, a slide block 10 fixedly connected with the side rod is connected to the guide rail in a sliding way, a bolt 14 is arranged on the slide block 10 in a penetrating way, and a plurality of jacks which are axially arranged are arranged on the guide rail. The two-wheeled side rod 28 is connected with the slider 10 for positioning, can be according to the actual conditions of big-arch shelter crops, and fertilization wheel structure can set up a plurality of, is 4 in this embodiment. The box body on the frame is also fixedly provided with a fixed shaft 27 in sliding connection with the side rod, the fixed shaft 27 is positioned below the guide rail and parallel to the guide rail, and the fertilizing wheel side rod 28 is sleeved on the fixed shaft 27 for positioning.
Through positioner, make the fertilization wheel structure that is equipped with cam drive device pass through side lever 28 and the slider 10 of top cover on guide rail 15 link to each other, through adjusting slider 10 and be in the position of guide rail 15, guide rail 15 is fixed at box 39, and the upside has equidistant primitive notch that is 2cm, makes the circular notch of slider 10 is concentric with the circular notch of affiliated guide rail 15, the rethread slider bolt 14 inserts concentric notch, realizes accurate horizontal interval location, and plant spacing accurate location is then fixed a position according to the formula that derives before through the cam rotational speed, realizes row spacing and plant spacing's accurate location from this. After once positioning, row spacing positioning is not needed, the number of the fertilization wheel structures in the embodiment is 4, and multi-row simultaneous fertilization can be realized, so that the operation efficiency is greatly improved.
When the fertilizer distributor is used for fertilizing the roots of crops, the fertilizer distributor is moved to a place to be operated, the position of a fertilizer applying wheel structure is adjusted, so that the fertilizer applying needle 23 is closest to the roots of the crops, the fertilizer applying needle 23 is perpendicular to the ground, the electric pump 7, the driving motor 5 of the running gear and the fertilizer applying motor are started, the fertilizer distributor runs, the fertilizer applying motor drives the cam 22 to rotate, the cam 22 and the fertilizer applying needle 23 form a roller push rod cam structure, and when the cam 22 rotates to the corresponding position, the fertilizer applying needle 23 is pushed to descend, and the fertilizer applying operation is started to be inserted into soil. In this embodiment, the fertilizing needle 23 has a circular arc blade, which can be easily inserted into soil to apply fertilizer, and besides, the rotation speed of the cam can be adjusted according to the corresponding plant spacing and the rotation speed of the driving motor, so that the fertilizing needle can accurately position the root position of crops. Through the downward force of the circular arc blade below the fertilization needle 23 and the tangential force generated when the fertilizer applicator walks, the fertilization needle 23 can be quickly broken and protected from abrasion in the process of being inserted into soil and returning the fertilization needle. When the fertilizing needle 23 just descends to the deepest part (the position of the maximum pushing distance), the torsion spring switch is pushed away by the baffle table 32, and the fertilizing needle 23 is always kept at the deepest part in the range of a far repose angle, and the torsion spring switch 21 is always kept on, so that liquid fertilizer is quickly and directly sprayed from a spraying channel to the root of crops through the venturi tube 31 in an accelerating way. The position and the angle of the fertilization needle 23 are convenient for the insertion and the return stroke of the fertilization needle 23, the fertilization needle 23 is beneficial to the movement, the fertilization needle 23 is fixed through a boss on the safety needle disc, the fertilization needle 23 is provided with a spring 33 with the same axis at the lower side, the lower side of the spring 33 is contacted with the soil table at the lowest side of the safety needle disc, and the fertilization needle 23 is rebounded to the initial position through the spring 33 during the return stroke. And then the fertilizer applicator repeats the above process until the liquid fertilizer is used up or the fertilizer application is finished.
The cam motion structure of the roller push rod, which is formed by the fertilizing needle 23 and the cam 22, can be used for driving the fertilizing needle to insert into the soil, and can lead the roller push rod to obtain the motion rule which is wanted by the user only by properly designing the profile curve of the cam 22, and the cam motion mechanism has fast response speed, simplicity and compactness. The cam profile is designed to achieve two applications per revolution of cam 22, see fig. 5. The roller is positioned in the transverse notch on the upper side of the fertilizing needle 23, the friction between the roller cam mechanism and the cam profile is rolling friction, and the abrasion is minimum compared with other friction, so that the fertilizing needle can transmit larger power on the premise of ensuring the service life, and the fertilizing needle is inserted into soil for fertilizing.
In the embodiment, the rotation speed of the cam is determined by a control system according to the spacing between crops to be fertilized and the running speed of the fertilizer applicator, thereby ensuring that the fertilizer needle can accurately insert fertilizer into the root position of the crops, and the plant spacing and the rotation speed n of the driving motor 1 Rotation speed n of fertilizer applying motor 2 The following should be satisfied:
wherein L is the plant spacing of crops, the cam can apply the medicine twice in one turn, R is the radius of a driving wheel, and K 1 K is the transmission ratio between the driving motor and the driving wheel 2 N is the transmission ratio between the cam motor and the cam 3 For driving wheel rotation speed, n 4 For cam speed, r is the radius of the base circle of the cam, the amount to be adjusted: rotation speed n of driving motor 1 Rotation speed n of fertilizer applying motor 2 . Because when the driving wheel drives the vehicle to drive through a plant spacing x, the cam rotates 180 degrees exactly according to the plant spacing xThe time t is in the same column, the combination of the above formulas is simplified to finally obtain plant spacing and the rotation speed n of the driving motor 1 Rotation speed n of fertilizer applying motor 2 Is a relation of (3). The cam is adjusted by this means.
The schematic of the liquid path of the present invention can be seen in fig. 8. The venturi tube 31, the torsion spring switch and the overflow valve 6 are arranged above the fertilization needle 23, and the venturi tube 31 can accelerate liquid fertilizer; the torsional spring switch is a normally closed mechanical switch, when the fertilizing needle is close to the root position of crops, the torsional spring switch is pushed away by the baffle table, when the fertilizing needle is inserted into the deepest part of soil, the torsional spring switch is completely opened, the electric pump 7 rapidly ejects liquid fertilizer, and when the fertilizing needle does not work, the torsional spring switch is closed and does not eject the liquid fertilizer; the overflow valve 6 is arranged between the electric pump 7 and the torsion spring switch, when the torsion spring switch is closed, liquid fertilizer is returned to the fertilization barrel 4, and the torsion spring switch is opened only when the fertilization needle 23 is at a far repose angle, so that the liquid fertilizer is quantitatively injected each time, the average speed of each injection is consistent, the accurate quantification is realized, and the accuracy and the safety of a liquid path system are enhanced.
The embodiment also comprises a control system, and a flow chart of the control system of the fertilizer applicator is shown in fig. 9, and comprises a control display screen 36, a control switch 1, a control chip, a WiFi module, an obstacle avoidance module, a speed and pressure feedback device and a liquid level detection device, wherein the control switch 1 is arranged on a box 39 and used for controlling the starting of a driving motor 5 and a fertilizer application motor; the control display screen 36 is arranged near the control switch 1 on the box 39, can input corresponding information by adopting keys and a touch screen, and can also display certain important information in real time; the WiFi module is arranged in the control switch 1, and can control the speed and the start-stop state of the fertilizer applicator by utilizing WiFi remote input information through the mobile phone app, and important parameter information of the fertilizer applicator can be checked in real time through the mobile phone app; the obstacle avoidance module is arranged at the front side of the fertilizer distributor, when an obstacle exists, the fertilizer distributor can reduce the walking speed, prevent the fertilizer distributor from violently vibrating when encountering the obstacle, influence the inserting effect of the fertilizer injection needle, and effectively improve the fertilizing effect when encountering the obstacle; the speed and pressure feedback devices are respectively arranged on the driving wheel and the power supplyThe pump outlet and the torsion spring switch can feed back pressure and speed information in real time, and the pressure and speed information can be displayed and correspondingly controlled on the mobile phone app; the liquid level detection device is arranged in the fertilization barrel 4, can monitor the liquid level of the liquid fertilizer in the fertilization barrel 4 in real time, and can give an alarm when the liquid fertilizer is about to be applied; according to the push-type, after the plant spacing of the crops is input, the rotation speed of the cam can be according toThe rotation speed of the cam is automatically adjusted along with the change of the rotation speed of the driving motor, so that the fertilizing needle is accurately inserted into soil at the root position of crops to perform fertilization, accurate positioning is realized, the fertilizer applicator is more intelligent and automatic, and the working efficiency of the fertilizer applicator is greatly improved.
The fertilizing method by using the facility cam driven type liquid fertilizer precise positioning quantitative fertilizing machine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1. moving the fertilizer applicator to a position to be operated, and adjusting the positions of the sliding blocks on the guide rails before operation so that the fertilizer application needle is close to the root position of crops along with the movement of the sliding blocks;
2. inputting corresponding crop plant spacing to a control system of the fertilizer applicator through a key touch screen or a mobile phone app;
3. starting the liquid fertilizer conveying driving device, wherein a touch switch on the liquid fertilizer conveying pipeline is in a closed state at the moment, and liquid fertilizer flows back to the fertilizer applying barrel through the overflow valve;
4. after all the work is ready, starting a fertilizer applicator traveling driving device and a fertilizer application driving device, and starting the fertilizer applicator to travel;
5. after the plant spacing is fixed, in the running process of the fertilizer applicator, the rotating speed of the fertilizer application driving device is adapted to the running speed of the fertilizer applicator, the rotating speed of the fertilizer application motor can change along with the rotating speed of the driving motor, when the fertilizer application driving device is close to crops, a touch switch on a fertilizer infusion pipeline is opened, and a cam movement mechanism enables a fertilizer needle to be accurately inserted into soil near the roots of the crops, and liquid fertilizer flows into the soil through the fertilizer needle for fertilizer application;
6. when the fertilizing needle leaves the root of the crop, the touch switch on the fertilizer infusion pipeline is closed, the fertilizing needle resets, and one-time fertilization is finished;
7. repeating the steps 5 and 6, and carrying out large-scale fertilization.
According to the invention, the slot soil-entering fertilization can be realized by utilizing the fertilization needle, so that on one hand, the fertilization needle is inserted accurately for the root position of crops to be fertilized, and the spraying of the whole crop leaves is not needed, thereby improving the fertilization operation efficiency and realizing large-scale crop root fertilization; on the other hand, the fertilizing needle 23 can penetrate into the depth required by crops and spray liquid fertilizer, so that deeper fertilizing work is realized, the fertilizing needle can be directly inserted into the soil for fertilizing the roots of the crops by 12cm, the liquid fertilizer is intensively sprayed on the roots, the crops can better absorb the nutrients of the liquid fertilizer, a large amount of fertilizers are not needed, pollution is avoided, the environment is protected relatively, the utilization rate of the fertilizers is improved, and the cost is reduced.
Of course, the above description is not limited to the above examples, and the technical features of the present invention that are not described may be implemented by or by using the prior art, which is not described herein again; the above examples and drawings are only for illustrating the technical scheme of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention and the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The fertilizing method by using the facility cam driven type liquid fertilizer precise positioning quantitative fertilizing machine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Moving the fertilizer applicator to a position to be operated, and adjusting the positions of the sliding blocks on the guide rails before operation so that the fertilizer application needle is close to the root position of crops along with the movement of the sliding blocks;
(2) Inputting corresponding crop plant spacing to a control system of the fertilizer applicator;
(3) Starting the liquid fertilizer conveying driving device, wherein a touch switch on the liquid fertilizer conveying pipeline is in a closed state at the moment, and liquid fertilizer flows back to the fertilizer applying barrel through the overflow valve;
(4) Starting a fertilizer applicator walking driving device and a fertilizer application driving device;
(5) In the running process of the fertilizer applicator, the rotating speed of the fertilizer application driving device is adapted to the running speed of the fertilizer applicator, when the fertilizer application driving device is close to crops, a touch switch on a fertilizer infusion pipeline is opened, and a cam movement mechanism enables a fertilizer application needle to accurately insert soil near the root of the crops, and liquid fertilizer flows into the soil through the fertilizer application needle to perform fertilizer application;
(6) When the fertilizing needle leaves the root of the crop, the touch switch on the fertilizer infusion pipeline is closed, the fertilizing needle resets, and one-time fertilization is finished;
(7) Repeating steps (5) and (6);
the utility model provides a precise positioning quantitative fertilizer distributor of facility cam driven liquid fertilizer, includes frame (18) of installing running gear, install liquid fertilizer on the frame and store conveyor, still install side lever (28) and the safety needle board of rigid coupling on the side lever of downwardly extending on the frame, sliding connection has fertilization needle (23) that are linked together through the fertilization bucket (4) of liquid fertilizer storage conveyor of liquid fertilizer pipeline and liquid fertilizer on the safety needle board, install touch switch (21) along with fertilization needle reciprocates on the liquid fertilizer pipeline, set firmly fender platform (32) that are located touch switch removal orbit on the safety needle board; the device also comprises a cam motion fertilization device for driving the fertilization needle to move up and down;
the cam movement fertilization device comprises a cam (22) which is connected with the needle plate in a shaft way and a second driving device (37) which drives the cam to rotate and is fixedly connected with the side rod;
the fertilizing needle is rotationally connected with a roller in contact connection with the cam through a transverse shaft, and the fertilizing needle is also connected with the needle mounting plate through a reset spring (33);
the cam is provided with two far angles of repose in the circumferential direction.
2. The fertilizing method using a facility cam driven liquid fertilizer precision positioning quantitative fertilizer applicator of claim 1, wherein the fertilizing method comprises the steps of: the safety needle plate is fixedly provided with a sliding sleeve which is in sliding connection with the fertilizing needle, the outer side wall of the fertilizing needle is fixedly provided with an upper limiting plate, the safety needle plate is fixedly connected with a lower limiting plate which is positioned below the sliding sleeve, the fertilizing needle is sleeved with a reset spring, and two ends of the reset spring can be respectively propped against the upper limiting plate and the lower limiting plate.
3. The fertilizing method using a facility cam driven liquid fertilizer precision positioning quantitative fertilizer applicator of claim 1, wherein the fertilizing method comprises the steps of: circular arc blades are respectively and fixedly arranged on two sides of the injection channel of the fertilization needle.
4. The fertilizing method using a facility cam driven liquid fertilizer precision positioning quantitative fertilizer applicator of claim 1, wherein the fertilizing method comprises the steps of: an overflow valve communicated with the fertilization barrel is arranged on a pipeline between an electric pump (7) and the touch switch in the liquid fertilizer storage and conveying device.
5. The fertilizing method using a facility cam driven liquid fertilizer precision positioning quantitative fertilizer applicator of claim 1, wherein the fertilizing method comprises the steps of: and a venturi tube (31) is also arranged on the pipeline between the touch switch and the fertilizing needle.
6. The fertilizing method using a facility cam driven liquid fertilizer precision positioning quantitative fertilizer applicator of claim 1, wherein the fertilizing method comprises the steps of: the frame is also provided with a guide rail (15) extending along the width direction of the furrow, the guide rail is connected with a sliding block (10) fixedly connected with the side rod in a sliding way, the sliding block (10) is provided with a bolt (14) in a penetrating way, and the guide rail is provided with a plurality of jacks arranged along the axial direction.
7. The fertilizing method using a facility cam driven liquid fertilizer precision positioning quantitative fertilizer applicator of claim 6, wherein: the frame is also provided with a fixed shaft (27) which is in sliding connection with the side rod, and the fixed shaft (27) is positioned below the guide rail and parallel to the guide rail.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910862816.8A CN110521560B (en) | 2019-09-12 | 2019-09-12 | Facility cam driven type liquid fertilizer precise positioning quantitative fertilizer applicator and fertilizer application method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910862816.8A CN110521560B (en) | 2019-09-12 | 2019-09-12 | Facility cam driven type liquid fertilizer precise positioning quantitative fertilizer applicator and fertilizer application method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110521560A CN110521560A (en) | 2019-12-03 |
| CN110521560B true CN110521560B (en) | 2023-07-28 |
Family
ID=68668453
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910862816.8A Active CN110521560B (en) | 2019-09-12 | 2019-09-12 | Facility cam driven type liquid fertilizer precise positioning quantitative fertilizer applicator and fertilizer application method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110521560B (en) |
Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201639938U (en) * | 2010-03-25 | 2010-11-24 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 | Adjustable integral deep loosening, fertilizing and seeding machine |
| CN202014452U (en) * | 2011-03-23 | 2011-10-26 | 安徽农业大学 | Plate type multifunctional seeding machine allowing row spacing to be adjusted and integrating compound operations of fertilizing and spot seeding |
| CN102523808A (en) * | 2011-12-20 | 2012-07-04 | 石河子大学 | Novel dual-shaft dual-adjustment precise variable fertilizer distributor and fertilizing method |
| CN203492373U (en) * | 2013-10-19 | 2014-03-26 | 甘肃农业大学 | Full-film double-furrow helical tooth grooved wheel direct-insertion type fertilizer distributor |
| CN103782705A (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2014-05-14 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心 | Variable target liquid fertilizer apparatus of orchard and fertilizing method |
| CN205584772U (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-09-21 | 贵州大学 | Adopt cam mechanism to carry out cave fertilizer injection unit |
| CN108142015A (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2018-06-12 | 四川农业大学 | Corn-soybean strip type composite plant no-tillage fertilizing precision planter |
| WO2018121115A1 (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2018-07-05 | 南通沪望塑料科技发展有限公司 | Fertilizer applicator for green plants |
| CN108271450A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-07-13 | 韩宇 | A kind of fruit tree fertilization device |
| CN208258411U (en) * | 2018-05-26 | 2018-12-21 | 海南省农业科学院农业环境与土壤研究所 | A kind of applying fertilizer rifle |
| CN109997485A (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2019-07-12 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of intelligence fertilizer applicator for fruit trees |
| CN211129284U (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2020-07-31 | 泰山学院 | Facility cam-driven liquid fertilizer precise positioning and quantifying fertilizer applicator |
-
2019
- 2019-09-12 CN CN201910862816.8A patent/CN110521560B/en active Active
Patent Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201639938U (en) * | 2010-03-25 | 2010-11-24 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 | Adjustable integral deep loosening, fertilizing and seeding machine |
| CN202014452U (en) * | 2011-03-23 | 2011-10-26 | 安徽农业大学 | Plate type multifunctional seeding machine allowing row spacing to be adjusted and integrating compound operations of fertilizing and spot seeding |
| CN102523808A (en) * | 2011-12-20 | 2012-07-04 | 石河子大学 | Novel dual-shaft dual-adjustment precise variable fertilizer distributor and fertilizing method |
| CN203492373U (en) * | 2013-10-19 | 2014-03-26 | 甘肃农业大学 | Full-film double-furrow helical tooth grooved wheel direct-insertion type fertilizer distributor |
| CN103782705A (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2014-05-14 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心 | Variable target liquid fertilizer apparatus of orchard and fertilizing method |
| CN205584772U (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-09-21 | 贵州大学 | Adopt cam mechanism to carry out cave fertilizer injection unit |
| CN108142015A (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2018-06-12 | 四川农业大学 | Corn-soybean strip type composite plant no-tillage fertilizing precision planter |
| WO2018121115A1 (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2018-07-05 | 南通沪望塑料科技发展有限公司 | Fertilizer applicator for green plants |
| CN108271450A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-07-13 | 韩宇 | A kind of fruit tree fertilization device |
| CN208258411U (en) * | 2018-05-26 | 2018-12-21 | 海南省农业科学院农业环境与土壤研究所 | A kind of applying fertilizer rifle |
| CN109997485A (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2019-07-12 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of intelligence fertilizer applicator for fruit trees |
| CN211129284U (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2020-07-31 | 泰山学院 | Facility cam-driven liquid fertilizer precise positioning and quantifying fertilizer applicator |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110521560A (en) | 2019-12-03 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN211129284U (en) | Facility cam-driven liquid fertilizer precise positioning and quantifying fertilizer applicator | |
| CN201766916U (en) | Electric round sprinkler | |
| CN111713384B (en) | Application method of sprinkling irrigation all-in-one machine | |
| CN107484640A (en) | A kind of agricultural is applied fertilizer with irrigating integrated device with solid fertilizer | |
| CA1060719A (en) | Planting machine | |
| CN115843518A (en) | Water-saving irrigation and fertilization device with automatic liquid level control function | |
| CN110521560B (en) | Facility cam driven type liquid fertilizer precise positioning quantitative fertilizer applicator and fertilizer application method | |
| CN107046879B (en) | Full-automatic unmanned seeder for greenhouse | |
| CN113179685A (en) | Soil improvement device | |
| CN115088420B (en) | Small-size orchard fruit tree root soil drilling fertilizer injection unit | |
| CN115443874A (en) | Automatic planting all-in-one machine and planting method for vegetation seedlings in desertification areas | |
| CN210928573U (en) | Multifunctional arched shed inserting frame film laminating all-in-one machine | |
| CN208211086U (en) | A kind of water conservancy sprinkling irrigation equipment | |
| CN204681865U (en) | A kind of saline land spacing plant regulatory machine | |
| CN201781759U (en) | Guide device for movement of plant row drilling machine | |
| CN114794058B (en) | Automatic pesticide spraying device for forestry seedling cultivation | |
| CN114793821B (en) | Full-flow desert tree planting robot | |
| CN105027770A (en) | Constant-distance plant management machine in saline-alkali soil | |
| CN220606539U (en) | Self-propelled transplanter with electric caterpillar band | |
| CN221044103U (en) | Intelligent underground pest control pesticide application device | |
| CN219780888U (en) | Mobilizable soil perforating device | |
| CN220630409U (en) | Desert vegetation field planting device | |
| CN221901392U (en) | Agricultural positioning transplanting equipment | |
| CN218959701U (en) | Irrigation machine for planting watermelons | |
| CN220413220U (en) | Production device of organic fertilizer containing bioactive enzyme |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |