CN110515000B - Integrated battery thermal runaway test system - Google Patents
Integrated battery thermal runaway test system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110515000B CN110515000B CN201910732290.1A CN201910732290A CN110515000B CN 110515000 B CN110515000 B CN 110515000B CN 201910732290 A CN201910732290 A CN 201910732290A CN 110515000 B CN110515000 B CN 110515000B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
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Abstract
The invention relates to an integrated battery thermal runaway test system, and belongs to the technical field of battery safety tests. The test system comprises a test box body and a control cabinet; the test box body is connected with the control cabinet through the data line pipe and the gas conduit. The test system can perform flame heating battery runaway test, electric heating battery runaway test and short circuit-induced battery thermal runaway test aiming at single batteries and small battery packs of various types, and can expand the behavior test of battery runaway caused by overcharge and overdischarge of the battery. The test space in the test system is sealed and isolated, and the temperature and pressure changes of the battery and the space nearby the battery and the changes of generated gas components and the like can be continuously monitored in real time aiming at quantitative analysis of components of products such as test gas, solid and the like. The test system can be externally connected with other peripherals, has wide application range and can meet the requirements of battery safety tests of schools, scientific research institutions, factories and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an integrated battery thermal runaway test system, and belongs to the technical field of battery safety tests.
Background
With the popularization of electronic products (notebooks, mobile phones, cameras, electric motorcycles, electric automobiles, and the like), lithium batteries have played an increasingly important role in the lives of people. However, safety accidents due to battery problems frequently occur in recent years and have knocked off the safety alarm clock of the lithium battery. Particularly, under severe conditions (high temperature, flame, short circuit, extrusion, etc.), lithium batteries are prone to overheating, smoking, fire and even explosion. The factor causing accidents is mainly thermal runaway of the battery, so that the research on the thermal runaway mechanism of the lithium battery and the influence of temperature, gas toxicity and the like in the later period has practical significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an integrated battery thermal runaway test system, which is used for testing the safety of small single batteries and small and medium-sized battery packs, researching the mechanism of the thermal runaway of the batteries, determining the triggering condition of the thermal runaway, testing the heat effect generated by the batteries after the thermal runaway, the composition and the content of toxic gas and the like.
The invention provides an integrated battery thermal runaway test system which is characterized by comprising a test box body and a control cabinet; the test box body is connected with the control cabinet through a data wire pipe and a gas conduit;
the testing box body comprises a main box body, wherein a gas collector is arranged on the main box body, a gas collecting box is arranged behind the main box body, a fixed support is arranged below the main box body, a data docking station is arranged on the right side plate of the main box body, a flame heater is arranged below the bottom plate of the main box body, and a heating fixed plate is arranged above the bottom plate of the main box body;
the main box body in the test box body is structurally characterized in that a box body door is arranged on a front panel of the main box body, high-temperature-resistant sealing strips are arranged on the periphery of the box body door, an explosion-proof airtight door is arranged on the box body door, an opening is integrally formed above the main box body and serves as a gas collection end, a data line hole and a gas pipeline opening are formed in a right side plate of the main box body, the data line hole is connected with the data line pipe, the gas pipeline opening is connected with the gas guide pipe, and a combustion hole with the size phi of 15-25 is formed in a bottom plate of the main box body;
the gas collector in the test box body is structurally characterized in that a square gas pipeline is arranged on a conical body, a gas detector is arranged at one end of the square gas pipeline, and a gas outlet is arranged at the other end of the square gas pipeline; an upper cover is arranged above the square gas pipeline and used for covering the whole gas collector; the gas detector is provided with a plurality of gas selective sensors for testing the gas composition of the square gas pipeline;
the gas collecting box in the test box body is structurally characterized in that a square groove with an opening at one end is formed in the gas collecting box body, a piston is arranged in the square groove, and the piston slides in the square groove to collect gas;
the data docking station in the test box body is structurally characterized in that interfaces with different standards are respectively distributed above the data docking station;
the flame heater in the test box body is structurally characterized in that a combustible gas inlet in the flame heater is connected to a mixer, the mixer is connected to an auxiliary air inlet through a gas guide pipe, and the tail end of the flame heater is provided with a right-angle spray head;
the heating fixing plate in the testing box body is structurally characterized in that two grooves are formed in the heating fixing plate, so that a clamp can slide left and right on the heating fixing plate through bolts, a battery or a battery pack to be tested is clamped through fastening of the bolts, a combustion flame outlet is formed in the heating plate and corresponds to a combustion hole of the main box, and the heating plate heats the fastened battery or battery pack to be tested in an electric heating mode to be within 800 degrees through a heating wire;
the control cabinet in the test system consists of a cabinet body, a control panel and an air distribution chamber, wherein the cabinet body comprises a double-opening cabinet door and a left side transmission interface, the left side transmission interface is connected with the data line pipe, and electronic components and various wires are placed in the cabinet body; the control panel comprises a display screen and a display instrument, and the display screen is used for inquiring, controlling and displaying the data chart; the gas distribution chamber comprises a gas distribution pump and a gas distribution outlet, and the gas distribution outlet is connected with the gas conduit.
The integrated battery thermal runaway test system provided by the invention has the advantages that:
the integrated battery thermal runaway test system can perform flame heating battery runaway tests, electric heating battery runaway tests and short circuit-induced battery thermal runaway tests aiming at monocells of various types and small battery packs, and can expand battery runaway behavior tests caused by overcharge and overdischarge of batteries. In the test system, the test space is sealed and isolated, and the quantitative analysis of components of products such as test gas, solid and the like can be realized; the temperature and pressure changes of the battery and the space nearby the battery, the changes of generated gas components and the like can be continuously monitored in real time; the test box and the control cabinet are mutually separated, so that the test safety can be improved, and the damage of test elements caused by high temperature and vibration (explosion) can be reduced. The test system can be externally connected with other peripheral equipment, such as an infrared camera, a high-speed camera and the like, so that the test system has wide application range and can meet the requirements of battery safety tests of schools, scientific research institutions, factories and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an integrated battery thermal runaway test system provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a test box in the integrated battery thermal runaway test system shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a main body case in the test case shown in fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a gas collector in the test chamber shown in fig. 2, and in fig. 4, (a) is the gas collector and (b) is the gas detector.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of a gas collection container in the test chamber shown in FIG. 2.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a data docking station in the test cabinet shown in fig. 2.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the configuration of the fired heater in the test case shown in fig. 2.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a heat fixing plate in the test chamber shown in fig. 2.
Fig. 9 is a junction diagram of a control cabinet in the integrated battery thermal runaway test system shown in fig. 1. In fig. 9, (a) is the front side of the control cabinet, and (b) is the back side of the control cabinet.
In fig. 1, 1 is a test box, 2 is a control cabinet, 3 is a data line tube, and 4 is a gas conduit. In fig. 2, 11 is a main case, 12 is a gas collector, 13 is a gas collection box, 14 is a fixing bracket, 15 is a data docking station, 16 is a fired heater, and 17 is a heating fixing plate. In fig. 3, 111 is a front panel, 112 is a cabinet door, 113 is an explosion-proof airtight door, 114 is a gas collecting end, 115 is a right side plate, 116 is a data line hole, 117 is a gas line port, 118 is a bottom plate, and 119 is a combustion hole 119. In fig. 4, 121 is a cone, 122 is a square gas pipe, 123 is a gas detector, 124 is a gas outlet, 125 is a gas selective sensor, and 126 is an upper cover. In fig. 5, 131 is a square groove, and 132 is a piston. In fig. 6, 151 is an interface of a different standard. In fig. 7, 161 is a fuel gas inlet, 162 is a mixer, 163 is a gas duct, 164 is an auxiliary air inlet, and 165 is a right angle nozzle. In fig. 8, 171 is a heating plate, 172 is a groove, 173 is a jig 174 is a bolt, 175 is a combustion flame outlet, and 176 is a heating wire. In fig. 9, 21 is a cabinet body, 22 is a control panel, 23 is an air distribution chamber, 211 is a double-opening cabinet door, 212 is a left transmission interface, 221 is a display screen, 222 is a display instrument, 231 is an air distribution pump, and 232 is an air distribution outlet.
Detailed Description
The integrated battery thermal runaway test system provided by the invention has the structure shown in figure 1 and comprises a test box body 1 and a control cabinet 2; the test box body is connected with the control cabinet through a data wire pipe 3 and a gas conduit 4;
the structure of the testing box 1 is shown in fig. 2, and comprises a main box body 11, a gas collector 12 is arranged on the main box body 11, a gas collecting box 13 is arranged at the back of the main box body 11, a fixing bracket 14 is arranged below the main box body 11, a data docking station 15 is arranged on the right side plate of the main box body 11, a flame heater 16 is arranged below the bottom plate of the main box body 11, and a heating fixing plate 17 is arranged above the bottom plate of the main box body 11;
the structure of the main box body 11 in the test box body 1 is shown in fig. 3, a front panel 111 of the main box body 11 is provided with a box body door 112, high temperature resistant sealing strips are arranged around the box body door 112, the box body door 112 is provided with an explosion-proof airtight door 113, an integral opening above the main box body 11 is a gas collection end 114, a right side panel 115 of the main box body 11 is provided with a data line hole 116 and a gas pipeline hole 117, the data line hole 116 is connected with the data line tube 3, the gas pipeline hole 117 is connected with the gas conduit 4, and a bottom panel 118 of the main box body 11 is provided with a combustion hole 119 with the size of phi 15-25;
the structure of the gas collector 12 in the test chamber 1 is shown in fig. 4, in which (a) is a gas collector and (b) is a gas detector in fig. 4. A square gas pipeline 122 is arranged on the conical body 121, a gas detector 123 is arranged at one end of the square gas pipeline 122, and a gas outlet 124 is arranged at the other end of the square gas pipeline 122; an upper cover 126 is arranged above the square gas pipeline 122 and used for covering the whole gas collector; the gas detector 123 is equipped with a plurality of gas selective sensors 125 for testing the gas composition of the square gas duct 122, mainly detecting the real-time composition of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, oxygen, hydrogen, benzene and their derivatives, to detect the thermal runaway condition of the battery.
The structure of the gas collection box 13 in the test box 1 is shown in FIG. 5, a square groove 131 with an opening at one end of the gas collection box 13, a piston 132 is installed in the square groove 131, and the piston 132 slides in the square groove 131 to collect gas;
the structure of the data docking station 15 in the test box 1 is shown in fig. 6, wherein interfaces 151 with different standards are respectively arranged above the data docking station 15, and the interfaces 151 may include a power interface and data transmission, wherein the data transmission includes internal video output, temperature sensor data or gas composition sensor data.
The above described configuration of the fired heater 16 in the test chamber 1 is shown in fig. 7, wherein the fuel gas inlet 161 of the fired heater 16 is connected to the mixer 162, the mixer 162 is connected to the auxiliary air inlet 164 through the air duct 163, and the end of the fired heater 16 is a right angle nozzle 165;
the structure of the heating fixing plate 17 in the testing box 1 is as shown in fig. 8, two grooves 172 are opened on the heating fixing plate 171, so that the clamp 173 slides left and right on the heating fixing plate 171 through the bolt 174, the battery or battery pack to be tested is clamped through the fastening of the bolt 174, a combustion flame outlet 175 is opened on the heating plate 171, the combustion flame outlet 175 corresponds to the combustion hole 119 of the main box 11, and the heating plate 171 heats the fastened battery or battery pack to be tested to be within 800 degrees through the heating wire 176 in an electrical heating manner;
the structure of the control cabinet 2 is shown in fig. 9, (a) is the front of the control cabinet, and (b) is the back of the control cabinet. The control cabinet 2 consists of a cabinet body 21, a control panel 22 and an air distribution chamber 23, wherein the cabinet body 21 comprises a double-opening cabinet door 211 and a left transmission interface 212, the left transmission interface 212 is connected with the data line pipe 3, and electronic components and various wires are placed inside the cabinet body 21; the control panel 22 comprises a display screen 221 and a display meter 222, wherein the display screen 221 is used for inquiring, controlling and displaying data charts; the method mainly comprises the temperature, pressure, the change curve of gas components along with time, gas distribution related information and the like. The gas distribution chamber 23 comprises a gas distribution pump 231 and a gas distribution outlet 232, the gas distribution outlet 232 is connected with the gas conduit 4, and the distributed gas is a gas component specified in the test of the test box and comprises oxygen, nitrogen, argon, hydrogen, air and the like.
The working principle and the working process of the integrated battery thermal runaway test system provided by the invention are described in detail in the following with reference to the attached drawings:
according to the integrated battery thermal runaway testing system, the temperature and time of the battery thermal runaway are obtained through combustion and heating tests, meanwhile, the components and the content of the generated smoke are monitored in real time, and meanwhile, the distribution curves of the temperature and the pressure of the battery and the surrounding space in the whole process are detected. The characteristic parameter of the runaway is obtained.
The working process of the integrated battery thermal runaway test system comprises the following steps: firstly, a battery or a battery pack to be tested is placed on the heating fixing plate 17, is fixedly clamped through the clamp 173, and then the box body door 112 is closed, so that the whole box body is sealed;
then, heating the battery or the battery pack to be tested, carrying out flame heating through the flame heater 16, directly carrying out combustion test on the battery, or carrying out electric heating through the heating plate 171 to trigger thermal runaway of the battery;
temperature and pressure sensors are placed on the surface of the battery and near the battery during combustion and electrical heating, these sensors are connected to the data docking station 15, and the test data is displayed in real time on the display screen 221 on the control cabinet 2; at the same time, the temperature and heating time of the heating plate 171 and the burning time of the fired heater 16 can be controlled in the meter 222 on the control cabinet 2;
when the battery is out of control, a large amount of smoke is generated automatically and explosion is possibly caused, and the heating operation is stopped under the control of the display screen 221 or the instrument 222 on the control cabinet 2;
when smoke is generated, gas passes through the cone 121 of the gas collector 12, enters the square gas pipeline 122 and then passes through the gas detector 123, and the gas detector 123 tests components in the smoke in real time and transmits the components to the display screen 221 on the control cabinet 2 through the data docking station 15; the flue gas enters the gas collection box 13 through the gas outlet 124, so that the piston 132 is promoted to slide in the square groove 131, the generated flue gas is collected, the volume of the generated flue gas is determined, and finally the content of the gas components is quantified;
in the heating process, gas with required proportion and components can be prepared through the gas distribution pump 231 on the gas distribution chamber 23 on the control cabinet 2 according to requirements, enters the gas conduit 4 through the gas distribution outlet 232, and finally is led into the test box body 1 to realize the calibrated gas components.
Claims (1)
1. An integrated battery thermal runaway test system is characterized by comprising a test box body and a control cabinet; the test box body is connected with the control cabinet through a data wire pipe and a gas conduit;
the testing box body comprises a main box body, wherein a gas collector is arranged on the main box body, a gas collecting box is arranged behind the main box body, a fixed support is arranged below the main box body, a data docking station is arranged on the right side plate of the main box body, a flame heater is arranged below the bottom plate of the main box body, and a heating fixed plate is arranged above the bottom plate of the main box body;
the main box body in the test box body is structurally characterized in that a box body door is arranged on a front panel of the main box body, high-temperature-resistant sealing strips are arranged on the periphery of the box body door, an explosion-proof airtight door is arranged on the box body door, an opening is integrally formed above the main box body and serves as a gas collection end, a data line hole and a gas pipeline opening are formed in a right side plate of the main box body, the data line hole is connected with the data line pipe, the gas pipeline opening is connected with the gas guide pipe, and a combustion hole with the size phi of 15-25 is formed in a bottom plate of the main box body;
the gas collector in the test box body is structurally characterized in that a square gas pipeline is arranged on a conical body, a gas detector is arranged at one end of the square gas pipeline, and a gas outlet is arranged at the other end of the square gas pipeline; the gas detector is provided with a plurality of gas selective sensors for testing the gas composition of the square gas pipeline, and an upper cover is arranged above the square gas pipeline;
the gas collecting box in the test box body is structurally characterized in that a square groove with an opening at one end is formed in the gas collecting box body, a piston is arranged in the square groove, and the piston slides in the square groove to collect gas;
the data docking station in the test box body is structurally characterized in that interfaces with different standards are respectively distributed above the data docking station;
the flame heater in the test box body is structurally characterized in that a combustible gas inlet in the flame heater is connected to a mixer, the mixer is connected to an auxiliary air inlet through a gas guide pipe, and the tail end of the flame heater is provided with a right-angle spray head;
the heating fixing plate in the testing box body is structurally characterized in that two grooves are formed in the heating fixing plate, so that a clamp can slide left and right on the heating fixing plate through bolts, a battery or a battery pack to be tested is clamped through fastening of the bolts, a combustion flame outlet is formed in the heating plate and corresponds to a combustion hole of the main box, and the heating plate heats the fastened battery or battery pack to be tested in an electric heating mode to be within 800 degrees through a heating wire;
the control cabinet in the test system consists of a cabinet body, a control panel and an air distribution chamber, wherein the cabinet body comprises a double-opening cabinet door and a left side transmission interface, the left side transmission interface is connected with the data line pipe, and electronic components and various wires are placed in the cabinet body; the control panel comprises a display screen and a display instrument, and the display screen is used for inquiring, controlling and displaying the data chart; the gas distribution chamber comprises a gas distribution pump and a gas distribution outlet, and the gas distribution outlet is connected with the gas conduit.
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| CN201910732290.1A CN110515000B (en) | 2019-08-09 | 2019-08-09 | Integrated battery thermal runaway test system |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111103404B (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2023-12-05 | 国联汽车动力电池研究院有限责任公司 | Analysis device and method for thermal runaway tail gas of power battery |
| CN112436201A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-02 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Device and method for testing thermal runaway gas temperature of battery |
| CN112684357A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-20 | 广电计量检测(深圳)有限公司 | Battery module overcharge and overdischarge safety detection system and method |
| CN112858911A (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2021-05-28 | 北京理工大学 | In-situ detection method for multiple gases in full life cycle of commercial battery |
| CN117309066B (en) * | 2023-11-29 | 2024-03-26 | 珠海科创储能科技有限公司 | Energy storage cabinet monitoring system, method and device, storage medium and electronic equipment |
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