CN110514743A - A kind of electromagnetic supersonic flaw detecting method and device of pipeline defect detection - Google Patents
A kind of electromagnetic supersonic flaw detecting method and device of pipeline defect detection Download PDFInfo
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- CN110514743A CN110514743A CN201910829187.9A CN201910829187A CN110514743A CN 110514743 A CN110514743 A CN 110514743A CN 201910829187 A CN201910829187 A CN 201910829187A CN 110514743 A CN110514743 A CN 110514743A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/04—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with electromagnetism
- B06B1/045—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with electromagnetism using vibrating magnet, armature or coil system
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/07—Analysing solids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/34—Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
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- G01N2291/023—Solids
- G01N2291/0234—Metals, e.g. steel
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
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- G01N2291/028—Material parameters
- G01N2291/0289—Internal structure, e.g. defects, grain size, texture
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/04—Wave modes and trajectories
- G01N2291/044—Internal reflections (echoes), e.g. on walls or defects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/26—Scanned objects
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of electromagnetic acoustic detection method and device of defect of pipeline, comprising: is equally spaced in multiple DC coils of pipeline axial direction, generates along the alternatively distributed radial magnetostatic field of pipeline；The multiple AC coils being alternately distributed between DC coil generate the consistent circumferential eddy currents in direction.The circumferential eddy currents and radial Action of Static Magnetic Field generate the alternatively distributed axial alternation Lorentz force in direction.Using alternatively distributed axial alternation Lorentz force, electromagnetic acoustic longitudinal wave guide is motivated.The invention also discloses the electromagnetic supersonic detection devices for being set in pipeline external and being arranged inside pipeline.The present invention provides bias magnetic field without using rigid permanent magnet, reduces the volume of device, reduces device complexity；The consistent circumferential eddy currents in direction have been used, have overcome that neighbouring vortices in existing method are contrary, easily cause the problem of mutual interference.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electromagnetic ultrasonic guide wave detection techniques, and field is arranged, and in particular to a kind of electromagnetic acoustic of defect of pipeline
Detection method and device can be used for the non-destructive testing of all kinds of metallic conduit defects and crackle.
Background technique
It is daily that metallic conduit is widely used in the industrial productions such as petroleum, chemical industry, natural gas, nuclear power and heating power, water delivery etc.
In life.It is influenced, the defects of metallic conduit is easy to produce burn into crackle, is led by interior media, the medium many factors of stress collection
The leakage such as oil, gas and water is caused, can not only bring environmental pollution, or even cause safety accident.So carrying out metallic conduit state
Non-destructive testing and assessment have Practical Project value.
Ultrasonic guided wave detection technology belongs to emerging non-destructive testing technology, can be realized by single-point-excitation and examines over long distances
It surveys, and detection speed is fast, it is easy to use.Pipe detection is carried out using the Guided waves system of Conventional piezoelectric probe, needs to make
With fluid couplant, and it is more demanding to pipe surface.Therefore, it using electromagnetic ultrasonic guide wave detection device, can centainly mention
From realizing contactless Guided waves in range.
Chinese patent CN201810331494 is disclosed and is detected electromagnetic supersonic flaw detecting transducer architecture outside circular pipe, including
Fixed plate, magnet, protection cylinder, coil；Magnet is the magnet for the hollow cylindrical that circumferential trisection is combined into, and protection cylinder is located at magnetic
Iron ring-shaped inner part is simultaneously close to magnet inner wall, and the coil of annular is equipped in protection cylinder, and the conducting wire of coil is equidistant serpentine arrangement,
The current direction of adjacent wires is opposite.Alternating current is passed to coil, forms vortex inside workpiece near surface；Magnet generates inclined
Magnetic field is set, under the action of bias magnetic field, alternation is vortexed by alternation Lorentz force；Particle is vortexed in the work of alternation Lorentz force
Under, mechanical oscillation are formed, generate ultrasonic wave and then have undamaged judgement to pipeline.
Chinese patent CN201810395271 discloses the effective flexible electromagnetic ultrasonic guide wave sensor of one kind and detection method,
The sensor is by a racetrack pulsed bias field coil, an inflection type electromagnetic acoustic excitation coil, an inflection type electromagnetic acoustic
Receiving coil and flexible cover sheet's composition.Sensor is lain in into tested pipeline wall one week first, by bias magnetic field coil
It is passed through squared-pulse current and generates pulsed bias magnetic field, high-power RF electric current is passed through in electromagnetic acoustic excitation coil, realize
The non-contact excitation and reception of supersonic guide-wave.
Chinese patent CN104122330B discloses a kind of pipeline defect detection method based on electromagnetic acoustic longitudinal wave guide,
It is multiple with the coaxially arranged annular magnet of pipeline including being arranged, generation radial direction static magnetic field on the pipe surface；In each loop wire
The two sides of magnet array are coaxially arranged solenoid coil, so that generating circumferential inductive loop in pipeline to be detected；In circumferential induction
Under vortex and the collective effect of radial static magnetic field, to motivate longitudinal mode guided wave.It is needed using multiple groups forever in the invention
Magnet, and current direction is different between multiple solenoid coils, the easy mutual interference of the vortex of generation.
But the electromagnetic ultrasonic defect detection device currently used for pipeline defect detection is primarily present the deficiency of two aspects.First,
Bias magnetic field is provided using rigid magnet, probe size is big；Second, the vortex direction motivated is alternately distributed, phase adjacent vortex
It flows contrary, easily causes mutual interference, influence ultrasonic exciting effect.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of electromagnetic acoustic detection methods of defect of pipeline and dress
It sets.When the device and method staggeredly pass to DC current using multiple DC coils, generate along the alternatively distributed diameter of duct orientation
To magnetostatic field；Multiple AC coils are recycled to generate the consistent circumferential eddy currents in direction；Wherein, circumferential eddy currents and radial magnetostatic field are made
With the axial alternation Lorentz force of generation.The alternatively distributed axial alternation Lorentz force of utilization orientation, motivates electricity along duct orientation
Magnetic ultrasound longitudinal wave guide.In this method and device, circumferential eddy currents direction caused by used multiple AC coils is consistent,
It avoids in existing method and generates alternatively distributed vortex using snakelike coil (inflection coil).
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of electromagnetic acoustic detection methods of defect of pipeline, this method comprises:
Multiple AC coils are arranged on metallic conduit to be measured；Multiple AC coils 1 are coaxially distributed with metallic conduit to be measured,
And it is equidistant evenly distributed；Series aiding connection or in parallel in the same direction between multiple AC coils, for being produced in metallic conduit to be measured
The raw consistent circumferential eddy currents in direction.
Multiple DC coils are arranged on metallic conduit to be measured, multiple DC coils coaxially divide with metallic conduit to be measured
Cloth, and it is equidistant evenly distributed；Between multiple DC coils, by the sequence arranged successively reverse phase series connection or around on the contrary,
Two DC coil polarity of arbitrary neighborhood can be made opposite in this way.
DC current is applied simultaneously to multiple DC coils；Since two DC coil polarity of arbitrary neighborhood are on the contrary, then
According to the static magnetic field regularity of distribution of loop coil, region is radial static magnetic field between two neighboring DC coil, and radial
The direction of static magnetic field is alternately distributed along pipeline.
Again multiple AC coils are applied with pulsed sinusoidal excitation simultaneously, the consistent circumferential whirlpool in direction is generated in pipe under test
Stream.
The consistent circumferential eddy currents of the direction are had an effect with the alternatively distributed radial static magnetic field in direction, two neighboring straight
The pipeline in region generates the alternatively distributed axial alternation Lorentz force in direction between streamline circle；
In the present invention, the center spacing of two adjacent AC coils is equal to the 1/2 of motivated ultrasonic wavelength, adjacent two
The center spacing of a DC coil is also equal to the 1/2 of motivated ultrasonic wavelength；And AC coil is uniformly handed over DC coil
For distribution.In this way, the alternatively distributed axial alternation Lorentz force in direction meets the matching relationship of ultrasonic wave constructive interference, thus
Tube wall motivates the electromagnetic acoustic longitudinal wave guide of the wavelength.
The longitudinal wave guide excited is propagated along tube wall to metallic conduit both ends to be measured, should if echo can be generated by encountering defect
Echo can be picked up again by AC coil.It, can be in metallic conduit to be measured by the analysis to echo strength and time of return
The size and location of defect are assessed.
This method can be used for detecting defect from pipeline external.At this point, the internal diameter of AC coil and DC coil be greater than to
Metallic conduit outer diameter is surveyed, multiple AC coils and DC coil can be equidistantly sheathed on except metallic conduit to be measured.
This method can be used for detecting defect inside pipeline.At this point, the outer diameter of AC coil and DC coil is less than
Metallic conduit internal diameter to be measured, multiple AC coils and DC coil can be equidistantly embedded within metallic conduit to be measured.
It is a further object to provide a kind of electromagnetic supersonic detection devices of defect of pipeline, for being set in pipeline
External detection defect (abbreviation external device), the external device include: AC coil, DC coil, shell, inner frame, wiring
Device, wherein
Shell is hollow circuit cylinder shell, and AC coil, DC coil, inner frame, electric wire connecting junction are assemblied in interior of shell；Specific
It installs, shell can be mutually socketed to form using two semi-cylindrical shells, can also be using round in an endface setting
Cover board.At the both ends of shell, it is equipped with circular open；Metallic conduit to be measured can be passed through by circular open from the center of shell.
Inner frame is the cylindrical tube of insulating materials, and internal diameter is slightly larger than metallic conduit outer diameter to be measured, and coaxial sleeve is set to
Metallic conduit outer surface；
The wire casing of multiple annulars is equably provided on inner frame；Center spacing between wire casing is institute's excitation ultrasound wave wavelength
1/4。
DC coil has multiple, and the number of turns is identical, respectively in the online slot of coiling；At interval of one direct current of a wire casing coiling
Coil makes the center spacing of two adjacent DC coils be equal to the 1/2 of motivated ultrasonic wavelength.
AC coil has multiple, and the number of turns is identical, respectively in the ceases to be busy slot between coiling DC coil, makes adjacent two
The center spacing of AC coil is also equal to the 1/2 of motivated ultrasonic wavelength.
Electric wire connecting junction is fixed on inner frame, for carrying out circuit connection to the coil in wire casing, wherein all AC coils
Series aiding connection is in parallel in the same direction；And reverse phase is connected between two neighboring DC coil, can make two of arbitrary neighborhood straight in this way
The polarity of streamline circle is opposite.
When the external device works, DC current is first passed to DC coil, static magnetic field is generated from outside and treats test tube
Road is magnetized.Region is radial static magnetic field between two neighboring DC coil, and the direction of radial static magnetic field is along pipe
Road is alternately distributed；
Pulsed sinusoidal excitation is passed to AC coil again, generates the consistent circumferential eddy currents in direction；The circumferential eddy currents are in radial static state
Under the action of magnetic field, the alternatively distributed axial alternation Lorentz force in direction is generated in tube wall, to motivate electromagnetic acoustic longitudinal direction
Guided wave.External device of the invention can be set to internal loopback mode, when the longitudinal wave guide along conduit axis to pipeline two
End transmission, if echo can be generated by encountering defect, which can be picked up again by AC coil.External device of the invention can also be with
It is set as one receipts mode of a hair, is arranged another external device again on metallic conduit to be measured, for receiving electromagnetic acoustic longitudinal direction
Guided wave.By the analysis of ultrasonic intensity and action time to pickup, can size to defect in metallic conduit to be measured and
It is assessed position.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a kind of electromagnetic supersonic detection device of defect of pipeline, for being arranged in pipeline
Inside detection defect (abbreviation built-in).The built-in include: AC coil, DC coil, electric wire connecting junction, cover board, housing,
Pump bar, inner core, wherein
Housing is the hollow and thin-walled cylindrical tube of insulating materials, and outer diameter is slightly less than metallic conduit internal diameter to be measured, can flexibly be embedded in
It surveys in metallic conduit.
Pumping bar is stock, is connected with an end face of housing, to be measured for the built-in to be in axial direction sent into
Inside pipeline.
Another end face of housing is arranged in cover board, for forming closing installation to housing.
Inner core is the cylindrical tube of insulating materials, and the outer diameter of inner core is less than outer casing internal diameter, and in coaxial insertion housing；Inside
The wire casing of multiple annulars is equably provided on core；Center spacing between wire casing is the 1/4 of institute's excitation ultrasound wave wavelength.
DC coil has multiple, and the number of turns is identical, respectively in the online slot of coiling；At interval of one direct current of a wire casing coiling
Coil makes the center spacing of two adjacent DC coils be equal to the 1/2 of motivated ultrasonic wavelength.
AC coil has multiple, and the number of turns is identical, respectively in the wire casing between coiling DC coil, hands over adjacent two
The center spacing of streamline circle is also equal to the 1/2 of motivated ultrasonic wavelength.
Electric wire connecting junction is fixed on housing or inner core, for carrying out circuit connection to the coil in wire casing, wherein all exchanges
Coil series aiding connection is in parallel in the same direction；And reverse phase is connected between two neighboring DC coil, can make the two of arbitrary neighborhood in this way
The polarity of a DC coil is opposite.
When the built-in works, DC current is first passed to DC coil, static magnetic field is generated from inside and treats test tube
Road is magnetized.Region is radial static magnetic field between two neighboring DC coil, and the direction of radial static magnetic field is along pipe
Road is alternately distributed；
Pulsed sinusoidal excitation is passed to AC coil again, generates the consistent circumferential eddy currents in direction；The circumferential eddy currents are in radial static state
Under the action of magnetic field, the alternatively distributed axial alternation Lorentz force in direction is generated in tube wall, to motivate electromagnetic acoustic longitudinal direction
Guided wave.The built-in equally can be set to internal loopback mode or an one receipts mode of hair, by (containing to the ultrasonic wave of pickup
Echo) intensity and the analysis of action time, the size and location of defect in metallic conduit to be measured can be assessed.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the electromagnetic acoustic detection method and device of a kind of defect of pipeline of the invention, pass through
It is equally spaced in multiple DC coils of pipeline axial direction, generates direction along the alternatively distributed radial magnetostatic field of pipeline.Pass through again
Multiple AC coils generate the consistent circumferential eddy currents in direction.Circumferential eddy currents are generated with radial Action of Static Magnetic Field and are alternately distributed along pipeline
Axial alternation Lorentz force.Using alternatively distributed axial alternation Lorentz force, goes out in tube wall underexcitation and axially passed along pipeline
The electromagnetic acoustic longitudinal wave guide broadcast.On the one hand this method and device provide bias magnetic field without using rigid permanent magnet, reduce
The volume of device, reduces device complexity；On the other hand the consistent circumferential eddy currents in direction have been used, has avoided existing method
Middle neighbouring vortices are contrary, easily cause the problem of mutual interference.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic illustration of the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram (shaft section) of tube wall stress in the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram (shaft section) of the embodiment of the present invention two；
Fig. 4 is the end view drawing of the embodiment of the present invention two；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram (shaft section) of the embodiment of the present invention three；
The description of symbols of each component in figure: 1, AC coil；2, DC coil；3, shell；4, inner frame；5, electric wire connecting junction；6, it covers
Plate；7, wire casing；8, housing；9, bar is pumped；10, inner core；11, metallic conduit to be measured.
Specific embodiment
Foregoing invention content is described further below in conjunction with specific embodiment.These embodiments are for illustrating this hair
It is bright and be not limited to limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment one
Referring to Fig. 1, it is the schematic illustration of the embodiment of the present invention one, a kind of electromagnetic acoustic detection method of defect of pipeline is provided,
This method comprises:
6 ~ 10 AC coils 1 are arranged on metallic conduit 11 to be measured；Multiple AC coils 1 are coaxial with metallic conduit to be measured
Distribution, and equidistant evenly distributed, center between the adjacent AC coil 1 of any two is away from for institute's excitation ultrasound wave wavelength
1/2；Series aiding connection or in parallel in the same direction between multiple AC coils 1, for generating direction consistent week in metallic conduit to be measured
To vortex.
Be arranged with 6 ~ 10 DC coils 2 again on metallic conduit to be measured, multiple DC coils 2 with metallic conduit to be measured
Coaxial distribution, and it is equidistant evenly distributed.Center between the adjacent DC coil 2 of any two is away from for institute's excitation ultrasound wave wave
Long 1/2, and AC coil 1 is uniformly alternately distributed with DC coil 2.Between multiple DC coils 2, by the sequence arranged
Successively reverse phase connects or around on the contrary, can make two 2 polarity of DC coil of arbitrary neighborhood opposite in this way.
DC current is applied to multiple DC coils 2, to magnetize to metallic conduit to be measured.Referring to Fig. 1, arbitrary neighborhood
Two DC coils 2 DC current it is contrary.Pulsed sinusoidal excitation is applied to AC coil 1 again, in metal tube to be measured
The consistent circumferential eddy currents in direction are generated in road.
It referring to fig. 2, is the schematic diagram of tube wall stress in a kind of electromagnetic acoustic detection method of defect of pipeline of the present invention；According to
The static magnetic field regularity of distribution for the DC coil 2 that current direction is interspersed, region is diameter between two neighboring DC coil 2
It is alternately distributed to the direction of static magnetic field, and radial static magnetic field along metallic conduit to be measured.Circumferential eddy currents and radial static magnetic field
It has an effect, so that the metallic conduit to be measured in region generates axial alternation Lorentz force between two neighboring DC coil.
Since in the present invention, the center spacing of two adjacent DC coils 2 is equal to designed excitation ultrasonic wavelength
1/2, therefore alternatively distributed axial alternation Lorentz force meets the matching relationship of ultrasonic wave constructive interference, to swash in tube wall
Encourage out the electromagnetic acoustic longitudinal wave guide of designed wavelength.
In the present embodiment, AC coil 1 and DC coil 2 can be placed in metallic conduit one end to be measured, what is excited is vertical
It is propagated to guided wave along tube wall to the other end.If echo can be generated by encountering defect in tube wall, which can be picked up again by AC coil 1
It takes.By the analysis to echo strength and time of return, the size and location of defect in metallic conduit to be measured can be commented
Estimate.
Embodiment two
Referring to Fig. 3, a kind of electromagnetic supersonic detection device of defect of pipeline is provided, for being set in inspection outside metallic conduit to be measured
Survey defect.In the embodiment two, metallic conduit 11 to be measured is aluminum pipe, outer diameter 50mm, wall thickness 5mm.
The detection device includes: AC coil 1, DC coil 2, shell 3, inner frame 4, electric wire connecting junction 5, cover board 6, wherein
Shell 3 be aluminum alloy material hollow circuit cylinder shell, outer diameter 80mm, long 50mm, for for detection device provide protection with
Electromagnetic shielding；Being equipped with diameter in an endface of shell 3 is 58mm circular open, another endface is provided with circular lid
Plate 6.
Hollow and thin-walled cylindrical tube of the inner frame 4 for insulating materials, long 50mm, outer diameter 62mm, internal diameter 54mm, coaxial sleeve are set to
Metallic conduit outer surface to be measured；The outer diameter of 4 two ends of inner frame is 58mm, synthesizes closed circle for matching with shell 3 and cover board 6
Column shell.
Equably it is provided with 15 annular wire casings 7 on inner frame 4, the wide 1.8mm of each wire casing, depth 2.5mm；Wire casing 7 it
Between center spacing be 2.5mm, corresponding institute's excitation ultrasound wave wavelength is 10mm.
DC coil 2 has 8, is wound in wire casing 7 with the copper enameled wire of diameter Ф 0.5mm respectively, each coil around
Make 16 circles；At interval of wire casing 7 coiling, one DC coil 2, make the center spacing 5mm of two adjacent DC coils 2.
AC coil 1 has 7, is wound in wire casing 7 with the copper enameled wire of diameter Ф 0.6mm respectively, each coil around
Make 12 circles；Respectively in the wire casing 7 between coiling DC coil 2, make the center spacing 5mm of two adjacent AC coils 1.
Electric wire connecting junction 5 is fixed on inner frame 4, carries out circuit connection to the coil in 15 wire casings 7, wherein all exchanges
1 series aiding connection of coil is in parallel in the same direction；And reverse phase is connected between two neighboring DC coil 2, so that two of arbitrary neighborhood are straight
The polarity of streamline circle 2 is opposite.
Cover board 6 is the circular slab of aluminum alloy material, outer diameter 80mm, thick 5mm, and being equipped with diameter at center is that 58mm circle is opened
Mouthful.After above-mentioned component is fitted into shell 3, with the end face of 6 closure 3 of cover board, and fastened by screw is used.
Referring to fig. 4, before the present embodiment work, metallic conduit to be measured is first passed through into the circle on 3 end face of shell and cover board 6
Shape opening, passes through from the center of inner frame 4.
Then, the DC current of 1.5A is passed to, first to DC coil 2 to generate static magnetic field from outside to metal tube to be measured
Road is magnetized.It is obvious that region is radial static magnetic field between two neighboring DC coil 2, and radial static magnetic field
Direction is alternately distributed along metallic conduit to be measured.
Pulsed sinusoidal excitation is passed to AC coil 1 again, which is 4A, frequency 290kHz, pulse
Number is 5；Pulsed sinusoidal excitation induces the consistent circumferential eddy currents in direction on the tube wall of metallic conduit to be measured.The circumferential direction whirlpool
Stream generates the alternatively distributed axial alternation Lorentz force in direction under the action of radial static magnetic field, in tube wall, to motivate
The electromagnetic acoustic longitudinal wave guide of 290kHz.
The longitudinal wave guide is transmitted along metallic conduit to be measured to both ends, if echo can be generated by encountering defect, which can be handed over
Streamline circle 1 picks up again.Can be by the way that threshold value be arranged to ultrasonic echo intensity, which is that need to detect corresponding to minimum defect
Ultrasonic echo intensity.When the ultrasonic echo intensity of actual measurement is greater than threshold value, that is, it can determine whether exist in the metallic conduit to be measured
Defect；Further according to ultrasonic echo action time t, the position of the defect can be calculated (i.e. relative to the distance of this detection device).
Embodiment three
Referring to Fig. 5, a kind of electromagnetic supersonic detection device of defect of pipeline is provided, is lacked for being arranged inside pipeline detect
It falls into.In the embodiment three, metallic conduit 11 to be measured be aluminum pipe, outer diameter 70mm, wall thickness 5mm, internal diameter 60mm,.
The detection device includes: AC coil 1, DC coil 2, electric wire connecting junction 5, cover board 6, housing 8, pumps bar 9, inner core
10, wherein
Housing 8 is the hollow and thin-walled cylindrical tube of insulating materials, and outer diameter 56mm, internal diameter 54mm, long 50mm can flexibly be embedded in gold to be measured
In metal conduit.
Pumping bar 9 is hollow stock, long 1m, outer diameter 25mm, internal diameter 10mm；Pump an end face phase of the bar 9 with housing 8
Even, for the detection device to be in axial direction sent into inside metallic conduit to be measured；
Cover board 6 is the circular slab of insulating materials, outer diameter 56mm, thick 5mm；Another end face of housing 8 is set, it is outer for closing
The end face of set 8, and use fastened by screw.
Inner core 10 is the hollow cylindrical tube of insulating materials, long 40mm, outer diameter 54mm, internal diameter 10mm, coaxial insertion housing 8
In；Equably it is provided with 15 annular wire casings 7 on inner core 10, the wide 1.8mm of each wire casing, depth 2.5mm；In between wire casing 7
In the heart away from for 2.5mm, corresponding institute's excitation ultrasound wave wavelength is 10mm.The hollow round hole of inner core 10 with pump 9 hollow round hole phase of bar
It is logical, for the conducting wire of AC coil 1 and DC coil 2 to be drawn.
DC coil 2 has 8, is wound in wire casing 7 with the copper enameled wire of diameter Ф 0.5mm respectively, each coil around
Make 16 circles；At interval of wire casing 7 coiling, one DC coil 2, make the center spacing 5mm of two adjacent DC coils 2.
AC coil 1 has 7, is wound in wire casing 7 with the copper enameled wire of diameter Ф 0.6mm respectively, each coil around
Make 12 circles；Respectively in the wire casing 7 between coiling DC coil 2, make the center spacing 5mm of two adjacent AC coils 1.
Electric wire connecting junction 5 is fixed on inner core 10, for carrying out circuit connection to the coil in wire casing 7, wherein all AC lines
It is in the same direction for enclosing 1 serial or parallel connection；And reverse phase is connected between two neighboring DC coil 2, can make two of arbitrary neighborhood in this way
The polarity of DC coil 2 is opposite.
Before the present embodiment work, the detection device is in axial direction sent into metal tube to be measured first with bar 9 is pumped
Inside road.
Then, the DC current of 1.5A is passed to, first to DC coil 2 to generate static magnetic field from inside to metal tube to be measured
Road is magnetized.It is obvious that region is radial static magnetic field between two neighboring DC coil 2, and radial static magnetic field
Direction is alternately distributed along metallic conduit to be measured.
Pulsed sinusoidal excitation is passed to AC coil 1 again, which is 4A, frequency 290kHz, pulse
Number is 5；Pulsed sinusoidal excitation induces the consistent circumferential eddy currents in direction on the tube wall of metallic conduit to be measured.The circumferential direction whirlpool
Stream generates the alternatively distributed axial alternation Lorentz force in direction, to swash under the action of radial static magnetic field inside tube wall
Encourage out the electromagnetic acoustic longitudinal wave guide of 290kHz.
The longitudinal wave guide is transmitted along metallic conduit to be measured to both ends, if echo can be generated by encountering defect, which can be handed over
Streamline circle 1 picks up again.Can be by the way that threshold value be arranged to ultrasonic echo intensity, which is that need to detect corresponding to minimum defect
Ultrasonic echo intensity.When the ultrasonic echo intensity of actual measurement is greater than threshold value, that is, it can determine whether exist in the metallic conduit to be measured
Defect；Further according to ultrasonic echo action time t, the position of the defect can be calculated.
The above embodiments merely illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention, and its object is to allow person skilled in the art
It is to can understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all according to the present invention
The equivalent transformation or modification that Spirit Essence is done, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of electromagnetic acoustic detection method of defect of pipeline, which comprises the following steps:
Multiple AC coils (1) is arranged in metallic conduit to be measured；The AC coil (1) is coaxially divided with metallic conduit to be measured
Cloth, and it is equidistant evenly distributed；Series aiding connection or in parallel in the same direction between the AC coil (1), in metal tube to be measured
The consistent circumferential eddy currents in direction are generated in road；
It is arranged with multiple DC coils (2) again in metallic conduit to be measured；The DC coil (2) is coaxial with metallic conduit to be measured
Distribution, and it is equidistant evenly distributed；Between the DC coil (2), by the sequence arranged successively reverse phase series connection or around to
On the contrary, so that two DC coil (2) polarity of arbitrary neighborhood are opposite；
DC current is applied simultaneously to multiple DC coils (2)；Due to two DC coil (2) polarity phases of arbitrary neighborhood
Instead, according to the static magnetic field regularity of distribution of loop coil, region is radial static magnetic field between two neighboring DC coil (2),
And the direction of radial static magnetic field is alternately distributed along metallic conduit to be measured；
Again multiple AC coils (1) are applied with sinusoidal impulse excitation simultaneously, direction consistent week is generated in metallic conduit to be measured
To vortex；
Under the action of the circumferential eddy currents and radial static magnetic field, the gold to be measured in region between two neighboring DC coil (2)
Metal conduit generates alternatively distributed axial alternation Lorentz force, to motivate electromagnetic acoustic longitudinal wave guide in tube wall；
The longitudinal wave guide is transmitted along metallic conduit axis to be measured to metallic conduit both ends to be measured, if echo can be generated by encountering defect,
The echo can be picked up again by AC coil (1)；It, can be to metallic conduit to be measured by the analysis to echo strength and time of return
The size and location of interior defect are assessed.
2. a kind of electromagnetic acoustic detection method of defect of pipeline according to claim 1, which is characterized in that adjacent two
The center spacing of a AC coil (1) is equal to the 1/2 of motivated ultrasonic wavelength, the center of two adjacent DC coils (2)
Spacing is also equal to the 1/2 of motivated ultrasonic wavelength, and AC coil (1) is uniformly alternately distributed with DC coil (2).
3. according to claim 1 or a kind of electromagnetic acoustic detection method of defect of pipeline described in 2, which is characterized in that described
The internal diameter of AC coil (1) and DC coil (2) is greater than metallic conduit outer diameter to be measured, AC coil (1) and DC coil (2) set
Except metallic conduit to be measured；For from metallic conduit external detection defect to be measured.
4. according to claim 1 or a kind of electromagnetic acoustic detection method of defect of pipeline described in 2, wherein the AC line
The outer diameter of (1) and DC coil (2) is enclosed less than metallic conduit internal diameter to be measured, AC coil (1) and DC coil (2) be embedded in
It surveys within metallic conduit；For detecting defect inside metallic conduit to be measured.
5. a kind of electromagnetic supersonic detection device of defect of pipeline, for being set in metallic conduit external detection defect to be measured, comprising:
AC coil (1), DC coil (2), shell (3), inner frame (4) and electric wire connecting junction (5), which is characterized in that
The shell (3) is hollow circuit cylinder shell, and AC coil (1), DC coil (2), inner frame (4), electric wire connecting junction (5) fill
It is internal assigned in shell (3)；Circular open is equipped in two endfaces of shell (3)；Metallic conduit to be measured can pass through circular open
It is passed through from the center of shell；
The inner frame (4) is the cylindrical tube of insulating materials, and internal diameter is slightly larger than metallic conduit outer diameter to be measured, with metal to be measured
Pipeline is coaxial and is sheathed on metallic conduit outer surface to be measured；The wire casing (7) of multiple annulars is equably provided on inner frame (4)；
Center spacing between the wire casing (7) is the 1/4 of institute's excitation ultrasound wave wavelength；
The DC coil (2) has multiple, and the number of turns is identical, respectively in the online slot of coiling (7)；At interval of a wire casing (7) around
A DC coil (2) is made, the center spacing of two adjacent DC coils (2) is made to be equal to the 1/2 of motivated ultrasonic wavelength；
The AC coil (1) has multiple, and the number of turns is identical, is wound on the wire casing (7) between DC coil (2) Nei, makes respectively
The center spacing of two adjacent AC coils (1) is also equal to the 1/2 of motivated ultrasonic wavelength；
The electric wire connecting junction (5) is fixed on inner frame (4), carries out circuit connection to the coil in multiple wire casings (7), wherein institute
There is AC coil (1) series aiding connection or in parallel in the same direction；And reverse phase is connected between two neighboring DC coil (2), can make to appoint in this way
The polarity for two DC coils (2) for anticipating adjacent is opposite；
The DC coil (2) generates static magnetic field and magnetizes from outside to metallic conduit to be measured for passing to DC current；
Region is radial static magnetic field between two neighboring DC coil (2), and the direction of radial static magnetic field is along metal tube to be measured
Road is alternately distributed；
The AC coil (1) generates the consistent circumferential eddy currents in direction for passing to pulsed sinusoidal excitation；The circumferential eddy currents are in diameter
To under the action of static magnetic field, alternatively distributed axial alternation Lorentz force is generated in tube wall, so that it is vertical to motivate electromagnetic acoustic
To guided wave；When the longitudinal wave guide is transmitted along metallic conduit axis to be measured to metallic conduit both ends to be measured, if encountering defect can produce
Raw echo, the echo can be picked up again by AC coil (1)；It, can be to be measured by the analysis to echo strength and time of return
The size and location of defect are assessed in metallic conduit.
6. a kind of electromagnetic supersonic detection device of defect of pipeline carries out detection defect for being arranged inside metallic conduit to be measured, packet
Include: AC coil (1), electric wire connecting junction (5), cover board (6), housing (8), pumps bar (9), inner core (10) at DC coil (2), special
Sign is,
The housing (8) is the hollow and thin-walled cylindrical tube of insulating materials, and outer diameter is slightly less than metallic conduit internal diameter to be measured, can be flexibly
It is embedded in metallic conduit to be measured；
Described pump bar (9) are stock, are connected with an end face of housing (8), for being in axial direction sent into metal tube to be measured
Inside road；
Cover board (6) setting is in another end face of housing (8), for forming closing installation to housing (8)；
The inner core (10) is the cylindrical tube of insulating materials, and the outer diameter of inner core (10) is less than housing (8) internal diameter, and coaxial insertion
In housing (8)；With the fixed wire casing (7) for being evenly spaced provided with multiple annulars on inner core (10)；The spacing is is swashed
Send out the 1/4 of ultrasonic wavelength；
The DC coil (2) has multiple, and the number of turns is identical, respectively in the online slot of coiling (7), at interval of a wire casing (7) around
A DC coil (2) is made, the center spacing of two adjacent DC coils (2) is made to be equal to the 1/2 of motivated ultrasonic wavelength；
The AC coil (1) has multiple, and the number of turns is identical, respectively in the wire casing (7) between coiling DC coil (2), makes phase
The center spacing of two adjacent AC coils (1) is also equal to the 1/2 of motivated ultrasonic wavelength；
The electric wire connecting junction (5) is fixed on housing (6) or inner core (10), carries out circuit company to the coil in multiple wire casings (7)
It connects, wherein all AC coil (1) series aiding connections are in parallel in the same direction；And reverse phase is connected between two neighboring DC coil (2),
The polarity of two DC coils (2) of arbitrary neighborhood can be made opposite in this way；
The DC coil (2) magnetizes metallic conduit to be measured from inside for passing to DC current, generation static magnetic field,
Region is radial static magnetic field between two neighboring DC coil (2), and the direction of radial static magnetic field is along metal tube to be measured
Road is alternately distributed；
The AC coil (1) generates the consistent circumferential eddy currents in direction for passing to pulsed sinusoidal excitation；The circumferential eddy currents are in diameter
To under the action of static magnetic field, alternatively distributed axial alternation Lorentz force is generated, so that it is vertical to motivate electromagnetic acoustic in tube wall
To guided wave；When the longitudinal wave guide is transmitted along metallic conduit axis to be measured to metallic conduit both ends to be measured, if encountering defect can produce
Raw echo, the echo can be picked up again by AC coil (1)；It, can be to be measured by the analysis to echo strength and time of return
The size and location of defect are assessed in metallic conduit.
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| CN111505121A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-08-07 | 西安交通大学 | Interpolation type full-coil structure electromagnetic ultrasonic longitudinal guided wave probe and nondestructive testing method |
| CN111515110A (en) * | 2020-04-25 | 2020-08-11 | 天津新星科能源技术有限公司 | Electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer with subzone superposition structure and working mode thereof |
| CN111780696A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-10-16 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Intelligent detection system for buried depth and defects of highway guardrail stand column |
| CN114184154A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-15 | 浙江大学 | Oil and gas well casing inner diameter detection method based on random forest and direct-current magnetic field |
| CN114324576A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2022-04-12 | 武汉中誉鼎力智能科技有限公司 | Method and device for detecting dark cracks of metal plate stamping part |
| CN116213230A (en) * | 2023-03-20 | 2023-06-06 | 电子科技大学 | Ferrite magnetostriction transducer |
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| CN114184154B (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-12-20 | 浙江大学 | Oil and gas well casing inner diameter detection method based on random forest and direct-current magnetic field |
| CN116213230A (en) * | 2023-03-20 | 2023-06-06 | 电子科技大学 | Ferrite magnetostriction transducer |
| CN116213230B (en) * | 2023-03-20 | 2024-04-12 | 电子科技大学 | Ferrite magnetostriction transducer |
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