CN104122329B - Based on the detecting sensor of magnetic striction wave guide, detection system and application - Google Patents
Based on the detecting sensor of magnetic striction wave guide, detection system and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN104122329B CN104122329B CN201410350760.5A CN201410350760A CN104122329B CN 104122329 B CN104122329 B CN 104122329B CN 201410350760 A CN201410350760 A CN 201410350760A CN 104122329 B CN104122329 B CN 104122329B
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of detecting sensor based on magnetic striction wave guide, comprising: hollow housing, and its center coaxial sleeve is connected to the guide rod running through these hollow housing two ends; Ring-shaped magnet, its be built in housing and coaxial package on guide rod, it is axially fixing by magnet restricted plug; Casing, it is fixedly installed in guide rod and is axially positioned on outside housing by hold-down nut, and excitation plug and reception plug are fixedly mounted on this casing; And it is socketed with the coil rack of drive coil and receiving coil, wherein coil rack is fixed on being positioned on the other end outside housing of described guide rod, drive coil and receiving coil be enclosed within coil rack periphery successively and respectively with excitation plug and receive plug and be electrically connected. The invention also discloses the system and application thereof that comprise above-mentioned detecting sensor. The present invention only needs coil rack and excitation receiving coil position to stretch into and can complete the detection to whole heat transfer tube in heat transfer tube, very big degree reduce the region needing to clean, it is to increase the detection efficiency of heat transfer tube, accuracy of detection height.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Ultrasonic Nondestructive technical field, in particular to a kind of detecting sensor based on magnetic striction wave guide, the detection system comprising this sensor and the application in detection heat transfer tube defect thereof.
Background technology
Along with developing rapidly of the industry such as petrochemical industry, the energy, and country is to the pay attention to day by day of save energy, and interchanger plays the effect become more and more important in industrial production and daily life. Heat transfer tube is as the important component part of interchanger, and its quantity presents the growth of geometry multiple. Owing to being corroded the effect with stress for a long time, often there is the failure modes such as burn into perforation, crackle in heat transfer tube, causes delivery medium to leak, and gently then reduces quality product and causes financial loss, heavy then may endanger society and personnel safety. Consequently, it is desirable to exchange heat pipe carries out periodic detection.
The feature of heat transfer tube detection is that amount detection is huge, and sensor can only be positioned over pipe interior and detects. The detection method of current heat transfer tube has: Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting, precursor in far field, local magneticsaturation eddy current inspection, the detection of interior rotation ultrasonic phase array and ultrasonic guided wave detecting method. Compared with several detection method above, ultrasonic guided wave detecting method has the advantage that single-point excitation can detect a segment distance, and in testing process, sensor, without the need to movement, can be avoided being cleaned by whole pipeline on the one hand, improves detection efficiency on the other hand. Therefore, ultrasonic guided wave detecting method is extremely suitable for detecting heat transfer tube.
Application number be 200480038549.4 Chinese invention patent disclose a kind of contact for heat transfer tube and reverse wave detecting method and system, which disclose sensor and motivate torsion mode guided wave at pipeline external, guided wave is coupled in heat transfer tube through guided wave bar, the method needs guided wave bar and heat transfer tube inwall physical contact good, need exchange heat pipe inwall to carry out grinding process, to a certain degree reduce detection efficiency. The patent of invention of number of patent application CN201110410262.1 discloses a kind of noncontact formula magnetostrictive guided-wave sensor for heat transfer tube detection, disclosing a kind of torsion mode electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer for detection in heat transfer tube in US Patent No. 7886604B2, non-contacting sensor is all positioned over heat transfer tube inside exchange heat pipe and detects by completely. Although the noncontact characteristic of sensor reduces the requirement of heat exchanging pipe internal surface situation, it is only necessary to sensor put area is cleaned. But owing to sensor is positioned over heat transfer tube inside completely, cause sensor to stretch into heat transfer tube longer. Sensor check frequency (sensor put area) will be caused so longer, and simultaneously the centering of sensor and linearity require higher, add the complexity of sensor processing and manufacturing. In addition, need the region carrying out cleaning still longer before detection, to a certain degree have impact on detection efficiency.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned defect, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of detecting sensor based on magnetic striction wave guide, comprise the detection system of this sensor and the application in heat transfer tube defects detection, its magnetization part when detecting is placed on outside pipe, only need to be positioned over sensing coil part the position of pipe interior near pipe end, do not need mechanical contact, directly in heat transfer tube, motivate longitudinal mode guided wave, thus realize defect inspection. Present invention preserves the advantage of non-contact detection, reduce check frequency, reduce sensor processing and manufacturing complexity, reduce further the requirement that exchange heat pipe cleans, it is to increase supersonic guide-wave method is used for the detection efficiency of heat transfer tube detection.
According to an aspect of the present invention, it is provided that a kind of detecting sensor based on magnetic striction wave guide, for the detection of defect of pipeline, it is characterised in that, this detecting sensor comprises:
Hollow housing, its center coaxial sleeve is connected to the guide rod running through these hollow housing two ends;
Ring-shaped magnet, its be placed in described hollow housing and coaxial package on described guide rod, it is axially fixing by being positioned at the magnet restricted plug of shell end;
Casing, it is fixedly installed in described guide rod and is positioned at outside described housing, and described excitation plug and reception plug are fixedly mounted on this casing by cover plate; And
It is socketed with the coil rack of drive coil and receiving coil, wherein said coil rack is fixed on described guide rod and is positioned on the other end outside housing, and described drive coil and receiving coil are enclosed within described coil rack periphery successively and are electrically connected with described excitation plug and reception plug respectively;
The coil rack being socketed with drive coil and receiving coil during measurement stretches in pipeline, described excitation plug and reception plug can make described drive coil produce axial alternating magnetic field in the duct after being energized, and produce to motivate longitudinal mode guided wave along the static magnetic field of pipeline axial in the duct based on magnetostrictive effect in heat transfer tube with described ring-shaped magnet, its echo reflecting generation after propagating in pipeline can detect out defect of pipeline after described receiving coil processes.
As the improvement of the present invention, the defect of described guided wave in piping or pipe end reflection, this reflection echo, through receiving coil, causes the change of receiving coil induction voltage, produces electrical signal, processes this electrical signal and can obtain pipe detection result.
As the improvement of the present invention, described ring-shaped magnet external diameter is more than or equal to heat transfer tube external diameter to be detected, and ring-shaped magnet internal diameter is less than or equal to heat transfer tube internal diameter to be detected.
As the improvement of the present invention, described drive coil and receiving coil are solenoid coil.
As the improvement of the present invention, described coil rack is made up of insulating material.
As the improvement of the present invention, described guide rod and shell are made up of nonferromagnetic material.
According to the another aspect of the present invention, a kind of detection system comprising above-mentioned detecting sensor is provided, it is characterized in that, also comprise the power amplifier, signal generator, treater, filter and amplification device and the A/D converter that are electrically connected successively with this detecting sensor, wherein, described power amplifier is electrically connected with described excitation plug, and described reception plug is electrically connected with described filter and amplification device;
Described treater control signal producer produces sinusoidal pulse current signal, after power amplifier amplifies, it is input to described detecting sensor, and thus in the duct excitation produce longitudinal mode guided wave, corresponding electric signal is produced after propagating in the duct and reflect, this electrical signal, after described filter and amplification device and A/D converter, inputs described treater and processes by analysis and can obtain defect inspection result.
According to the present invention again on the one hand, it is provided that a kind of utilize the described detecting sensor heat exchanging defective tube based on magnetic striction wave guide to carry out the method detected, it is characterised in that, the method comprises:
By one end with drive coil and receiving coil of described detecting sensor from insertion heat transfer tube pipeline to be detected, and housing one end of described detecting sensor and pipeline end face be adjacent to;
By excitation plug, drive coil is passed to exchange current, thus make described drive coil produce axial alternating magnetic field in heat transfer tube, and produce to motivate longitudinal mode guided wave along the static magnetic field of pipeline axial in the duct based on magnetostrictive effect in heat transfer tube with ring-shaped magnet wherein, it propagates and defect or pipe end reflection in pipeline in pipeline;
Described receiving coil receives described reflection echo, and described receiving coil induction voltage is changed, thus produces electrical signal, and this electrical signal outputs to outside by described reception plug and processes, and can be detected by defect of pipeline.
In the present invention, ring-shaped magnet direction of polarization along sensor axis to.
In the present invention, ring-shaped magnet thickness is more than or equal to 10 times of heat transfer tube wall thickness to be detected, and heat transfer tube wall thickness to be detected is more big, and described ring-shaped magnet thickness is more big.
In the present invention, when heat transfer tube detecting sensor works, the distance of drive coil and receiving coil distance ring-shaped magnet is no more than 50mm.
In general, according to the heat transfer tube sensor based on magnetic striction wave guide of the present invention, static magnetic field is provided by the ring-shaped magnet being positioned over pipe end, it is positioned in pipe and provides alternating magnetic field near the sensing coil of end, directly in heat transfer tube, motivate longitudinal mode supersonic guide-wave, without the need to physical contact between sensor and heat transfer tube in whole testing process. In addition, due to sensor only coil part be deep into pipe in less than 50mm, greatly reduce the length that sensor stretches in pipe, thus reduce check frequency, shortening cleaning area, improve detection efficiency and suitability what ensure accuracy of detection simultaneously, and sensor construction is simple and convenient.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of the heat transfer tube detecting sensor based on magnetic striction wave guide according to the embodiment of the present invention
System schematic when Fig. 2 is detect for heat transfer tube according to the heat transfer tube sensor of the embodiment of the present invention
Fig. 3 is external diameter 25mm used in specific embodiment, and the pipeline of internal diameter 20mm changes schematic diagram
Fig. 4 is the oscillogram using the detection signal of detection system gained shown in Fig. 2.
Embodiment
In order to make the object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated. It is to be understood that specific embodiment described herein is only in order to explain the present invention, it is not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, if below in described each enforcement mode of the present invention involved technology feature do not form conflict each other and just can mutually combine.
See the sectional view that Fig. 1, Fig. 1 are the heat transfer tube detecting sensors based on magnetic striction wave guide according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, comprise excitation plug 1 according to the heat transfer tube detecting sensor 13 based on magnetic striction wave guide of the embodiment of the present invention, receive plug 2, cover plate 3, casing 4, hold-down nut 5, guide rod 6, magnet restricted plug 7, shell 8, ring-shaped magnet 9, coil rack 10, drive coil 11 and receiving coil 12.
Wherein, it is inner that ring-shaped magnet 9 is positioned over shell 8, and magnet restricted plug 7 and shell 8 are connected by screw. Guide rod 6 is through shell 8, magnet and magnet restricted plug 7. It is threaded connection between casing 4 and guide rod 6 one end, and is fixed by hold-down nut 5. Cover plate 3 and casing 4 are connected by screw, and excitation plug 1 and reception plug 2 are installed on the cover board. Coil rack 10 and guide rod 6 the other end are threaded connection. Drive coil 11 and receiving coil 12 are wrapped on coil rack 10, and are electrically connected with excitation plug 1 and reception plug 2 respectively.
The process using and carrying out detecting to exchange heat pipe according to the heat transfer tube detecting sensor of the embodiment of the present invention is specifically described below in conjunction with Fig. 2. As shown in Figure 2, in the testing process of exchange heat pipe 14, sensor 13 is arranged on heat transfer tube 14 end, and due to the suction of the exchange heat pipe 14 of ring-shaped magnet 9, bottom surface and the heat transfer tube end face of shell 8 fit together. Regulate the relative position of guide rod and shell, make coil rack 10, drive coil 11 and receiving coil 12 stretch into a segment distance in pipe.
Computer 17 control signal producer 16 produces sinusoidal pulse current signal. Electric current signal, after power amplifier 15 amplifies, is input to drive coil 11. Drive coil produces axial alternating magnetic field in the duct. Ring-shaped magnet 9 produces the static magnetic field along pipeline axial in heat transfer tube 14. Drive coil 11 produces axial alternating magnetic field at heat transfer tube 14 internal surface. Based on magnetostrictive effect, under the effect of axial static magnetic field with axial alternating magnetic field, in pipeline, excitation produces longitudinal mode guided wave, propagates along pipeline axial. Guided wave is after defect or end reflections, and reflection echo, when receiving coil 12, causes the change of receiving coil induction voltage, produces electrical signal. Electrical signal, after filtering after amplifier 19 and A/D converter 18, enters computer acquisition card, completes whole testing process.
Fig. 3 is the pipeline standard specimen schematic diagram of an external diameter 25mm, internal diameter 20mm, Guan Changwei 2.8m, has a horizontal groove defect in the position of distance left part 1.4m, and there is a defective hole position of distance left part 2m. Horizontal flute length 12.5mm, wide 1mm, dark 0.5mm, equivalent cross-sectional area loss is 3.7%. Through-hole diameter is �� 5, and the loss of its equivalent cross-sectional area is 7.5%.
Fig. 4 is the oscillogram using the heat transfer tube Guided waves system shown in Fig. 2 to detect gained signal on standard specimen pipe. In the diagram, the echo of horizontal groove defect represents with S1, and the echo of defective hole represents with S2, and heat transfer tube end echo S3 represents. As can be seen from Figure, should can detecting out horizontal groove defect and defective hole based on the heat transfer tube detecting sensor of magnetic striction wave guide, accuracy of detection is good.
The foregoing is only the better embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendment, equivalent replacement and improvement etc. done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, all should comprise within the scope of the present invention. Such as, permanent magnet is positioned over cable end, cable is carried out axial magnetized, two solenoid coils are wrapped in the position near end outside cable, it is used separately as drive coil and receiving coil, longitudinal mode supersonic guide-wave can be motivated in cable, cable anchorage zone is detected.
Claims (8)
1. based on a detecting sensor for magnetic striction wave guide, for the detection of defect of pipeline, it is characterised in that, this detecting sensor comprises:
Hollow housing (8), its center coaxial sleeve is connected to the guide rod (6) running through this hollow housing (8) two ends;
Ring-shaped magnet (9), its be placed in described hollow housing (8) and coaxial package on described guide rod (6), it is axially fixing by being positioned at the magnet restricted plug (7) of housing (8) end;
Casing (4), it is fixedly installed on described guide rod (6) one end and is positioned at described housing (8) outward, and excitation plug (1) and reception plug (2) are fixedly mounted on this casing (4) by cover plate (3);
And
It is socketed with the coil rack (10) of drive coil (11) and receiving coil (12), wherein said coil rack (10) is fixed on being positioned on the other end outside housing of described guide rod (6), described drive coil (11) and receiving coil (12) be enclosed within described coil rack (10) periphery successively and respectively with described excitation plug (1) and receive plug (2) and be electrically connected;
The coil rack (10) being socketed with drive coil (11) and receiving coil (12) during measurement stretches in pipeline, described excitation plug (1) and reception plug (2) can make described drive coil (11) produce axial alternating magnetic field in the duct after being energized, the static magnetic field along pipeline axial that described axial alternating magnetic field and described ring-shaped magnet (9) produce in pipeline (14) motivates longitudinal mode guided wave in the duct based on magnetostrictive effect, its echo reflecting generation after propagating in pipeline can detect out defect of pipeline after described receiving coil processes.
2. a kind of detecting sensor based on magnetic striction wave guide according to claim 1, it is characterised in that, described ring-shaped magnet direction of polarization along sensor axis to.
3. a kind of detecting sensor based on magnetic striction wave guide according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, described ring-shaped magnet (9) external diameter is more than or equal to pipeline to be detected (14) external diameter, and ring-shaped magnet (9) internal diameter is less than or equal to pipeline to be detected (14) internal diameter.
4. a kind of detecting sensor based on magnetic striction wave guide according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, described drive coil (11) and receiving coil (12) are solenoid coil.
5. a kind of detecting sensor based on magnetic striction wave guide according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, described coil rack (10) is made up of insulating material.
6. a kind of detecting sensor based on magnetic striction wave guide according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, described guide rod (6) and housing (8) are made up of nonferromagnetic material.
7. one kind comprises the detection system of the detecting sensor according to any one of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that, also comprise the power amplifier (15), signal generator (16), treater (17), filter and amplification device (19) and the A/D converter (18) that are electrically connected successively with this detecting sensor, wherein, described power amplifier (15) is electrically connected with described excitation plug, and described reception plug is electrically connected with described filter and amplification device (19);
Described treater (17) control signal producer (16) produces sinusoidal pulse current signal, after power amplifier (15) amplifies, it is input to described detecting sensor, and thus in the duct excitation produce longitudinal mode guided wave, corresponding electric signal is produced after propagating in the duct and reflect, this electrical signal, after described filter and amplification device (19) and A/D converter (18), inputs described treater (17) and processes by analysis and can obtain defect inspection result.
8. one kind utilizes the method carrying out detecting based on the detecting sensor heat exchanging defective tube of magnetic striction wave guide according to any one of the claims 1-6, it is characterised in that, the method comprises:
One end with drive coil (11) and receiving coil (12) of described detecting sensor is inserted in heat transfer tube pipeline (14) to be detected, and the housing of described detecting sensor (8) one end and pipeline end face are adjacent to;
By excitation plug (1), drive coil (11) is passed to exchange current, thus make described drive coil (11) produce axial alternating magnetic field in heat transfer tube pipeline (14), the static magnetic field along pipeline axial that described axial alternating magnetic field and ring-shaped magnet (9) wherein produce in heat transfer tube pipeline (14) motivates longitudinal mode guided wave in the duct based on magnetostrictive effect, and it propagates and defect or pipe end reflection in pipeline in pipeline;
Described receiving coil (12) receives the echo that reflection produces, and described receiving coil (12) induction voltage is changed, thus produce electrical signal, this electrical signal outputs to outside by described reception plug (2) and processes, and can be detected by defect of pipeline.
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CN105319274A (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2016-02-10 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Water cooler heat exchange tube torsional mode guided wave sensor |
CN105548372A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-05-04 | 镇江天颐装备科技有限公司 | Pipeline guided-wave transducer based on giant magnetostrictive material, and manufacture and use method |
CN105954362B (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2018-09-04 | 镇江天颐装备科技有限公司 | The supersonic guide-wave generator quickly detected for pipeline |
CN107064310A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-08-18 | 镇江天颐装备科技有限公司 | Supersonic guide-wave generator and detection method for pipeline quick detection |
CN115014587B (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2023-02-10 | 西安工程大学 | Magnetic effect phased array signal acquisition structure, system and method |
CN115684342B (en) * | 2022-09-08 | 2024-06-28 | 西安交通大学 | Pipe is with interpolation formula non-contact magnetostriction torsional mode guided wave probe |
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