CN110506566B - Cultivation method of agaricus bisporus - Google Patents
Cultivation method of agaricus bisporus Download PDFInfo
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- CN110506566B CN110506566B CN201910801257.XA CN201910801257A CN110506566B CN 110506566 B CN110506566 B CN 110506566B CN 201910801257 A CN201910801257 A CN 201910801257A CN 110506566 B CN110506566 B CN 110506566B
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- agaricus bisporus
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/70—Harvesting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/80—Accessories for use after harvesting, e.g. scrapers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/40—Colouring or decolouring of foods
- A23L5/41—Retaining or modifying natural colour by use of additives, e.g. optical brighteners
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
- B07C5/342—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour
- B07C5/3422—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour using video scanning devices, e.g. TV-cameras
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
- B07C5/363—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air
- B07C5/365—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air using a single separation means
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- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of edible mushroom cultivation, in particular to a cultivation method of agaricus bisporus, wherein an agaricus bisporus screening machine used in the method comprises a screening module, a connecting rod and a handle, the screening module comprises a shell, a negative pressure machine and an optical image screening instrument, an elastic membrane, the negative pressure machine and the optical image screening instrument are matched with each other to work in the method, the optical image screening instrument captures matured agaricus bisporus at a fixed point, and the elastic membrane quickly removes the screened agaricus bisporus by using the work of the negative pressure machine; the negative pressure intracavity portion is provided with the spout, be equipped with a piston and No. two pistons in the spout, be equipped with the cutting knife on the No. two pistons, the motion of elastic membrane drives the cutting knife on the No. two pistons and cuts unqualified agaricus bisporus root, has improved the cultivation quality of agaricus bisporus.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of edible mushroom cultivation, and particularly relates to a cultivation method of agaricus bisporus.
Background
Agaricus bisporus is also called white mushroom, agaricus bisporus, and is often called as common cultivated mushroom or button mushroom by production operators in Europe and America. Agaricus bisporus is a mushroom which is cultivated and consumed worldwide, is called as 'world mushroom', and can be sold fresh, canned and salted. The mycelium of Agaricus bisporus is also used as raw material for preparing medicine. The cultivation method of the agaricus bisporus comprises mushroom house cultivation, large shed frame cultivation, greenhouse ridge cultivation and the like. Different regions, different climatic conditions and different seasons can adopt cultivation modes suitable for the user. However, with the continuous development of the agaricus bisporus cultivation technology, the factory production of agaricus bisporus is realized at present, and the production can be realized continuously all the year round by controlling the environment of a mushroom house. The industrialized production of the agaricus bisporus can accurately control the temperature, the humidity, the CO2 concentration, the ventilation quantity and the like of a mushroom house, thereby providing a very suitable growing environment for the agaricus bisporus.
The problems existing in the prior process of cultivating the agaricus bisporus include: when the agaricus bisporus is cultivated, some mushrooms are matured in advance due to uneven growth of part of the mushrooms, and if the agaricus bisporus is not removed in time, the mushrooms are rotted and deteriorated in the cultivated mushroom groups, so that qualified mushrooms are polluted, the overall quality of the mushrooms is reduced, and unnecessary raw material waste is increased; when workers manually remove unqualified mushrooms, mushrooms needing to be removed cannot be effectively and accurately screened by naked eyes; and for some mushrooms which are inconvenient to remove in the culture shelf, a large amount of time and physical strength are consumed during manual removal, so that the quality of agaricus bisporus cultivation is greatly influenced.
In view of this, the invention provides a cultivation method of agaricus bisporus, which automatically screens and removes unqualified agaricus bisporus by an agaricus bisporus screening machine, thereby improving the cultivation quality of agaricus bisporus.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the method for cultivating the agaricus bisporus, which automatically screens and removes unqualified mushrooms through an agaricus bisporus screening machine, and improves the cultivation quality of the agaricus bisporus.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to a cultivation method of agaricus bisporus, which comprises the following steps:
s1: amplifying agaricus bisporus strains, preparing culture materials, sowing and spawn running;
s2: after spawn running is carried out on the agaricus bisporus in S1, soil is covered when mycelium grows to the bottom of the material, and the thickness of the covered soil is 3-4 cm;
s3: after covering soil on the agaricus bisporus in S2, spraying water to the covered soil for humidifying, keeping the air humidity at 80-85%, keeping the ventilation quantity, and keeping the temperature at 15-18 ℃ until mushroom buds are formed;
s4: after cultivating the agaricus bisporus buds in S3, removing unqualified agaricus bisporus with fast growth vigor by using an agaricus bisporus screening machine;
the agaricus bisporus screening machine used in the S4 comprises a screening module, a connecting rod and a handle, wherein the screening module is installed on the connecting rod, the handle is installed at the other end of the connecting rod, and the screening module comprises a shell, a negative pressure machine and an optical image screening instrument; the agaricus bisporus picking device is characterized in that a negative pressure cavity is arranged in the shell, an optical image screening instrument is mounted at the top end of the negative pressure cavity and can screen mature agaricus bisporus needing to be picked, a vent pipe is arranged on the side wall of the negative pressure cavity, the other end of the vent pipe is connected with a negative pressure machine, an elastic membrane is arranged on the side wall of the bottom of the negative pressure cavity, an air suction port is formed in the middle of the elastic membrane, a controller is mounted on the shell and controls the automatic operation of a screening module; when the mushroom culture device works, an operator holds a handle of the agaricus bisporus screening machine to enable a shell of the agaricus bisporus screening machine to move on the top of a culture frame, when an optical image screening instrument catches mature agaricus bisporus, the shell of the agaricus bisporus screening machine is manually controlled to move towards the mushrooms to be removed, an elastic membrane in a negative pressure cavity is enabled to move to the top of the selected mushroom, when the upper surface of a mushroom cap blocks an air suction port of the elastic membrane, a controller controls the negative pressure machine to start working, when the negative pressure machine works, the negative pressure cavity in the shell is pumped through a connected vent pipe, air in the negative pressure cavity is reduced to be in a negative pressure state, at the moment, the air suction port tightly adsorbs the mushroom cap at the bottom under the action of the negative pressure cavity and external air pressure, and the elastic membrane is extruded and protruded to the inside the negative pressure cavity under the action of the negative pressure cavity and the external air pressure, thereby leading the mushroom at the bottom to be pulled out from the soil in the process that the elastic membrane moves towards the interior of the negative pressure cavity, and playing a role in screening and removing the mushroom; the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the mushrooms which are ripe and need to be screened are cleared through the agaricus bisporus screening machine, rotting and deterioration caused by uneven growth of partial mushrooms are reduced, so that the qualified mushrooms to be cultivated are polluted, the overall quality of the cultivated mushrooms is enhanced, unnecessary raw material waste is reduced, an optical image screening instrument in the agaricus bisporus screening machine captures the mushrooms which need to be cleared at fixed points, the quality and the efficiency of mushroom screening are greatly improved, the agaricus bisporus screening machine also facilitates workers to clear the screened mushrooms, and the working strength of the workers is effectively relieved.
Preferably, sliding chutes are symmetrically arranged in the shell on two sides of the negative pressure cavity, two ends of each sliding chute are communicated with the negative pressure cavity, a first piston is arranged in a port at the top of each sliding chute, the outer end of each first piston is connected with an extrusion rod, the other end of each extrusion rod is connected with an arc-shaped plate, the inner end of each arc-shaped plate is hinged to the side wall of the negative pressure cavity, a second piston is arranged in a port at the bottom of each sliding chute, and cutting knives are arranged at the outer ends of the second pistons; when the automatic mushroom cutting device works, the elastic membrane is sucked into the negative pressure cavity under the action of the negative pressure cavity and external air pressure, the arc-shaped plate positioned at the top is extruded when the elastic membrane is raised upwards, so that the arc-shaped plate moves towards the port at the top of the sliding groove under the pressure action of the elastic membrane, the extrusion rod which is in movable connection with the arc-shaped plate when the arc-shaped plate moves towards the port at the top of the sliding groove applies pressure to the first piston, so that the first piston slides towards the inner end of the sliding groove under the pressure of the extrusion rod, at the moment, the first piston applies pressure to the second piston by extruding the first piston and the air in the cavity of the second piston, so that the second piston slides towards the outer end of the sliding groove under the action of the air pressure, the connected cutting knife is driven to be pushed out from the sliding groove in the process that the second piston slides towards the outer end of the sliding groove, and the symmetrically arranged cutting knife roots of mushrooms are cut until the roots of the mushrooms are cut, so that the discoloration and pollution caused by the soil adhered to the mushrooms at the roots of the mushrooms are prevented, thereby improving the cultivation quality of the mushrooms.
Preferably, a first notch is formed in the shell at the top of the sliding groove, an air bag is arranged in the first notch, cysteine solution is filled in the air bag, the inner end of the bottom of the air bag is connected with an air flow pipeline, the other end of the air flow pipeline is communicated with the sliding groove in the first piston, the outer end of the bottom of the air bag is connected with a spray head, and the inner end of the top of the air bag is connected with a transfusion pipeline; when the mushroom-shaped air bag is in work, when the first piston moves towards the inside of the sliding groove, the first piston extrudes gas in cavities of the first piston and the second piston, so that the gas in the cavities is extruded into the air bag through the air flow pipeline, the gas in the air bag increases pressure intensity at the moment, the air bag extrudes cysteine solution in the cavities, the cysteine solution is sprayed to an air suction port on the elastic membrane through the spray head, and the cysteine solution falls on a mushroom cover of a mushroom through the air suction port on the elastic membrane at the moment; the cysteine solution is used as a reducing agent to inhibit the occurrence of non-enzymatic browning in the mushroom cap, so that the browning speed of the mushroom is delayed, and the discoloration problem after the agaricus bisporus is picked is effectively reduced, thereby further improving the picking quality of the mushroom; and the infusion pipeline connected with the inner end of the top of the air bag can supplement cysteine solution in the air bag in time, so that the stability and the continuity of the agaricus bisporus screening machine during working are enhanced.
Preferably, an extrusion block is arranged on the upper surface of the outer end of the cutting knife, and the shape of the extrusion block is set to be an arc shape protruding upwards; the during operation, when the cutting knife outer end cuts the mushroom root, be equipped with the bellied extrusion piece that makes progress on the cutting knife outer end upper surface and carry out the jack-up to the mushroom bottom after the cutting simultaneously, make the mushroom lid carry out inseparabler to the elastic membrane and paste the extrusion tightly, thereby make the induction port of elastic membrane carry out better absorption and fixed to the mushroom lid, and strengthen the bellied effect that makes progress of elastic membrane when the mushroom lid extrudees the elastic membrane, make the elastic membrane pass through the arc and exert bigger thrust through the cutting knife of a piston on to No. two pistons, thereby make the cutting knife carry out better cutting to the bisporous mushroom root.
Preferably, a spring is connected to the inner end face of the second piston, and the other end of the spring is connected to the side wall of the sliding groove; the during operation, when the agaricus bisporus was picked, No. two pistons drive the spring to the in-process of spout outer end motion and stretch, after the completion was picked to the mushroom, negative pressure machine stop work, the atmospheric pressure in the negative pressure intracavity is no longer in the negative pressure state this moment, the elastic membrane rebounds under the effect of self rebound force, thereby pop out the absorptive mushroom in bottom, and No. two pistons begin the shrink under the bounce-back effect of spring this moment, make No. two pistons slide in to the spout inside fast, thereby make in the quick spout that advances of cutting knife on No. two pistons reset, prevent that the agaricus bisporus from colliding with the cutting knife and leading to the damage of mushroom at the in-process of whereabouts, and then further improved the cultivation quality of agaricus bisporus.
Preferably, the bottom of the elastic membrane is provided with a sponge layer, and the sponge layer absorbs and diffuses the cysteine solution sprayed on the surface; when cysteine solution sprays the sponge layer department in the elastic membrane suction port department, the sponge layer absorbs the diffusion to spraying the cysteine solution on surface, make cysteine solution homodisperse in whole sponge in situ portion, when agaricus bisporus mushroom lid is adsorbed by the elastic membrane, the mushroom lid extrudes the sponge layer that lies in between elastic membrane and the mushroom lid, thereby make intraformational cysteine solution of sponge by even extrude on mushroom lid surface, thereby more effectually slowed down the discolouration that takes place after the agaricus bisporus is picked, the cultivation quality of mushroom has further been improved.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that:
1. according to the cultivation method of the agaricus bisporus, provided by the invention, the elastic membrane, the negative pressure machine and the optical image screening instrument are matched to work, the mature agaricus bisporus is captured at a fixed point through the optical image screening instrument, and the screened agaricus bisporus is rapidly removed by the elastic membrane through the work of the negative pressure machine.
2. According to the cultivation method of the agaricus bisporus, provided by the invention, the chute is arranged in the negative pressure cavity, the first piston and the second piston are arranged in the chute, the second piston is provided with the cutting knife, and the cutting knife on the second piston is driven by the movement of the elastic membrane to cut off the root of the agaricus bisporus, so that the cultivation quality of the agaricus bisporus is improved.
Drawings
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the steps of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of an Agaricus bisporus screening machine according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the housing of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the operation of the housing of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view at A in FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view at B in FIG. 4;
in the figure: the device comprises a screening module 1, a connecting rod 2, a handle 3, a shell 4, a negative pressure cavity 41, a vent pipe 42, an elastic membrane 43, an air suction port 431, a sponge layer 432, a sliding groove 44, a first piston 45, an extrusion rod 46, an arc-shaped plate 47, a second piston 48, a spring 481, a cutting knife 49, an extrusion block 491, a negative pressure machine 5, an optical image screening instrument 6, a first notch 7, an air bag 71, a cysteine solution 72, an air flow pipeline 73, a spray head 74 and an infusion pipeline 75.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the method for cultivating agaricus bisporus according to the present invention comprises the steps of:
s1: amplifying agaricus bisporus strains, preparing culture materials, sowing and spawn running;
s2: after spawn running is carried out on the agaricus bisporus in S1, soil is covered when mycelium grows to the bottom of the material, and the thickness of the covered soil is 3-4 cm;
s3: after covering soil on the agaricus bisporus in S2, spraying water to the covered soil for humidifying, keeping the air humidity at 80-85%, keeping the ventilation quantity, and keeping the temperature at 15-18 ℃ until mushroom buds are formed;
s4: after cultivating the agaricus bisporus buds in S3, removing unqualified agaricus bisporus with fast growth vigor by using an agaricus bisporus screening machine;
the agaricus bisporus screening machine used in the step S4 comprises a screening module 1, a connecting rod 2 and a handle 3, wherein the screening module 1 is installed on the connecting rod 2, the handle 3 is installed at the other end of the connecting rod 2, and the screening module 1 comprises a shell 4, a negative pressure machine 5 and an optical image screening instrument 6; a negative pressure cavity 41 is arranged in the shell 4, an optical image screening instrument 6 is mounted at the top end of the negative pressure cavity 41, the optical image screening instrument 6 can screen mature agaricus bisporus which needs to be picked, a vent pipe 42 is arranged on the side wall of the negative pressure cavity 41, the other end of the vent pipe 42 is connected with a negative pressure machine 5, an elastic membrane 43 is arranged on the side wall of the bottom of the negative pressure cavity 41, an air suction port 431 is arranged in the middle of the elastic membrane 43, and a controller is mounted on the shell 4 and controls the automatic operation of the screening module 1; when the mushroom culture device works, an operator holds the handle 3 of the agaricus bisporus screening machine to enable the shell 4 of the agaricus bisporus screening machine to move on the top of the culture frame, when the optical image screening instrument 6 catches mature agaricus bisporus, the shell 4 of the agaricus bisporus screening machine is manually controlled to move towards mushrooms to be removed, the elastic membrane 43 in the negative pressure cavity 41 moves to the top of the selected mushrooms, when the upper surfaces of the mushroom caps plug the air suction ports 431 of the elastic membrane 43, the controller controls the negative pressure machine 5 to start working, when the negative pressure machine 5 works, the negative pressure cavity 41 in the shell 4 is pumped through the connected vent pipe 42, air in the negative pressure cavity 41 is reduced to be in a negative pressure state, at the moment, the air suction ports 431 tightly adsorb the mushroom caps at the bottom under the action of the negative pressure cavity 41 and external air pressure, and the elastic membrane 43 is extruded and protruded to the inside of the negative pressure cavity 41 under the action of the negative pressure cavity 41 and the external air pressure, thereby leading the mushroom at the bottom to be pulled out from the soil in the process that the elastic membrane 43 moves towards the interior of the negative pressure cavity 41, and playing a role in screening and removing the mushroom; the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the mushrooms which are mature and need to be screened are removed through the agaricus bisporus screening machine, rotting and deterioration caused by uneven growth of partial mushrooms are reduced, so that the qualified mushrooms which are cultivated are polluted, the overall quality of the cultivated mushrooms is enhanced, unnecessary raw material waste is reduced, the mushrooms which need to be removed are captured at fixed points by the optical image screening instrument 6 in the agaricus bisporus screening machine, the quality and the efficiency of mushroom screening are greatly improved, the agaricus bisporus screening machine also facilitates workers to clear the screened mushrooms, and the working intensity of the workers is effectively relieved.
As an embodiment of the present invention, sliding grooves 44 are symmetrically arranged in the housing 4 at two sides of the negative pressure chamber 41, two ends of each sliding groove 44 are communicated with the negative pressure chamber 41, a first piston 45 is arranged in a port at the top of each sliding groove 44, an outer end of each first piston 45 is connected with an extrusion rod 46, the other end of each extrusion rod 46 is connected with an arc-shaped plate 47, an inner end of each arc-shaped plate 47 is hinged to a side wall of the negative pressure chamber 41, a second piston 48 is arranged in a port at the bottom of each sliding groove 44, and outer ends of the second pistons 48 are provided with cutting knives 49; when the mushroom cutting device works, the elastic membrane 43 is sucked into the negative pressure cavity 41 under the action of the negative pressure cavity 41 and external air pressure, the arc-shaped plate 47 positioned at the top is extruded when the elastic membrane 43 protrudes upwards, so that the arc-shaped plate 47 moves towards the port at the top of the sliding chute 44 under the pressure action of the elastic membrane 43, the extrusion rod 46 which is connected with the arc-shaped plate 47 when the arc-shaped plate 47 moves towards the port at the top of the sliding chute 44 exerts pressure on the first piston 45, so that the first piston 45 slides towards the inner end of the sliding chute 44 under the pressure of the extrusion rod 46, at the moment, the first piston 45 exerts pressure on the second piston 48 by extruding the air in the hollow cavities of the first piston 45 and the second piston 48, so that the second piston 48 slides towards the outer end of the sliding chute 44 under the action of the air pressure, so that the connected 49 is driven to be pushed out from the sliding chute 44 in the process that the symmetrically arranged cutting knives 49 cut the root of the mushroom positioned at the middle part, prevent the color change and pollution of the soil adhered to the mushroom roots to the mushrooms, thereby improving the cultivation quality of the mushrooms.
As an embodiment of the present invention, a first notch 7 is formed in each of the shells 4 at the top of the sliding groove 44, an air bag 71 is arranged in each first notch 7, a cysteine solution 72 is contained in each air bag 71, an inner end of the bottom of each air bag 71 is connected to an air flow pipeline 73, the other end of each air flow pipeline 73 is communicated with the sliding groove 44 inside the first piston 45, an outer end of the bottom of each air bag 71 is connected to a spray head 74, and an inner end of the top of each air bag 71 is connected to a transfusion pipeline 75; in operation, when the first piston 45 moves towards the inside of the chute 44, the first piston 45 extrudes the gas in the chambers of the first piston 45 and the second piston 48, so that the gas in the chambers is extruded into the air bag 71 through the gas flow pipe 73, at this time, the gas in the air bag 71 increases in pressure, so that the air bag 71 extrudes the cysteine solution 72 in the chambers, the cysteine solution 72 is sprayed to the suction port 431 on the elastic membrane 43 through the spray head 74, and at this time, the cysteine solution 72 falls on the mushroom cap through the suction port 431 on the elastic membrane 43; the cysteine solution 72 is used as a reducing agent to inhibit the occurrence of non-enzymatic browning in the mushroom cap, so that the browning speed of the mushroom is delayed, and the discoloration problem after the agaricus bisporus is picked is effectively reduced, thereby further improving the picking quality of the mushroom; and the infusion pipeline 75 connected with the inner end of the top of the air bag 71 can timely supplement the cysteine solution 72 in the air bag 71, so that the stability and the continuity of the agaricus bisporus screening machine during working are enhanced.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a pressing block 491 is provided on the upper surface of the outer end of the cutting blade 49, and the pressing block 491 is shaped in an arc shape protruding upward; the during operation, when the cutting knife outer end cuts the mushroom root, be equipped with the bellied extrusion piece 491 that makes progress on the cutting knife outer end upper surface and carry out the jack-up to the mushroom bottom after the cutting simultaneously, make the mushroom lid carry out inseparabler subsides extrusion to elastic film 43, thereby make the induction port 431 of elastic film 43 carry out better absorption and fixed to the mushroom lid, and strengthen the bellied effect that elastic film 43 makes progress when the mushroom lid extrudees elastic film 43, make elastic film 43 exert bigger thrust through arc 47 and a piston 45 to the cutting knife 49 on No. two pistons 48, thereby make cutting knife 49 carry out better cutting to the agaricus bisporus root.
As an embodiment of the present invention, a spring 481 is connected to an inner end surface of the second piston 48, and the other end of the spring 481 is connected to a side wall of the sliding groove 44; during operation, when the agaricus bisporus is picked, the second piston 48 drives the spring 481 to stretch in the process of moving towards the outer end of the sliding groove 44, after the agaricus bisporus is picked, the negative pressure machine 5 stops working, at the moment, the air pressure in the negative pressure cavity 41 is no longer in a negative pressure state, the elastic membrane 43 rebounds under the action of self rebounding force, the agaricus bisporus adsorbed at the bottom is popped out, at the moment, the second piston 48 begins to shrink under the action of the rebounding force of the spring 481, the second piston 48 rapidly slides into the sliding groove 44, the cutting knife 49 on the second piston 48 is rapidly reset into the sliding groove 44, the agaricus bisporus is prevented from colliding with the cutting knife 49 in the falling process to cause damage to the agaricus bisporus, and the cultivation quality of the agaricus bisporus is further improved.
As an embodiment of the present invention, a sponge layer 432 is disposed at the bottom of the elastic membrane 43, and the sponge layer 432 absorbs and diffuses the cysteine solution 72 sprayed on the surface; when cysteine solution 72 sprays at sponge layer 432 of elastic membrane 43 induction port 431 department, sponge layer 432 absorbs the diffusion to cysteine solution 72 who sprays at the surface for cysteine solution 72 homodisperse is inside whole sponge layer 432, when the agaricus bisporus mushroom lid is adsorbed by elastic membrane 43, the mushroom lid extrudes sponge layer 432 between elastic membrane 43 and the mushroom lid, thereby make cysteine solution 72 in sponge layer 432 be by even extrusion on the mushroom lid surface, thereby more effectively slowed down the discolouration that takes place after the agaricus bisporus is picked, the cultivation quality of mushroom has further been improved.
When the mushroom culture device works, an operator holds the handle 3 of the agaricus bisporus screening machine to enable the shell 4 of the agaricus bisporus screening machine to move on the top of the culture frame, when the optical image screening instrument 6 catches mature agaricus bisporus, the shell 4 of the agaricus bisporus screening machine is manually controlled to move towards mushrooms to be removed, the elastic membrane 43 in the negative pressure cavity 41 moves to the top of the selected mushrooms, when the upper surfaces of the mushroom caps plug the air suction ports 431 of the elastic membrane 43, the controller controls the negative pressure machine 5 to start working, when the negative pressure machine 5 works, the negative pressure cavity 41 in the shell 4 is pumped through the connected vent pipe 42, air in the negative pressure cavity 41 is reduced to be in a negative pressure state, at the moment, the air suction ports 431 tightly adsorb the mushroom caps at the bottom under the action of the negative pressure cavity 41 and external air pressure, and the elastic membrane 43 is extruded and protruded to the inside of the negative pressure cavity 41 under the action of the negative pressure cavity 41 and the external air pressure, thereby leading the mushroom at the bottom to be pulled out from the soil in the process that the elastic membrane 43 moves towards the interior of the negative pressure cavity 41, and playing a role in screening and removing the mushroom; the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the mushrooms which are mature and need to be screened are removed through the agaricus bisporus screening machine, rotting and deterioration caused by uneven growth of partial mushrooms are reduced, so that the qualified mushrooms which are cultivated are polluted, the overall quality of the cultivated mushrooms is enhanced, unnecessary raw material waste is reduced, the mushrooms which need to be removed are captured at fixed points by the optical image screening instrument 6 in the agaricus bisporus screening machine, the quality and the efficiency of mushroom screening are greatly improved, the agaricus bisporus screening machine also facilitates workers to clear the screened mushrooms, and the working intensity of the workers is effectively relieved.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (5)
1. A cultivation method of agaricus bisporus is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: amplifying agaricus bisporus strains, preparing culture materials, sowing and spawn running;
s2: after spawn running is carried out on the agaricus bisporus in S1, soil is covered when mycelium grows to the bottom of the material, and the thickness of the covered soil is 3-4 cm;
s3: after covering soil on the agaricus bisporus in S2, spraying water to the covered soil for humidifying, keeping the air humidity at 80-85%, keeping the ventilation quantity, and keeping the temperature at 15-18 ℃ until mushroom buds are formed;
s4: in the process of cultivating the agaricus bisporus buds in S3, removing unqualified agaricus bisporus with fast growth vigor by using an agaricus bisporus screening machine;
the agaricus bisporus screening machine used in S4 comprises a screening module (1), a connecting rod (2) and a handle (3), wherein the screening module (1) is installed on the connecting rod (2), the handle (3) is installed at the other end of the connecting rod (2), and the screening module (1) comprises a shell (4), a negative pressure machine (5) and an optical image screening instrument (6); the automatic cleaning device is characterized in that a negative pressure cavity (41) is arranged inside the shell (4), an optical image screening instrument (6) is installed at the top end of the negative pressure cavity (41), the optical image screening instrument (6) can screen mature agaricus bisporus which needs to be cleaned, a vent pipe (42) is arranged on the side wall of the negative pressure cavity (41), the other end of the vent pipe (42) is connected with the negative pressure machine (5), an elastic membrane (43) is arranged on the side wall of the bottom of the negative pressure cavity (41), an air suction port (431) is formed in the middle of the elastic membrane (43), a controller is installed on the shell (4), and the controller controls the automatic operation of the screening module (1);
the utility model discloses a pneumatic vacuum pump, including negative pressure chamber (41), casing (4) of negative pressure chamber (41) both sides are interior symmetry to be provided with spout (44), spout (44) both ends all communicate with each other with negative pressure chamber (41), be equipped with piston (45) No. one in the port at spout (44) top, piston (45) outer end is connected with stripper bar (46), stripper bar (46) other end is connected with arc (47), arc (47) inner articulates on negative pressure chamber (41) lateral wall, be equipped with No. two pistons (48) in the port of spout (44) bottom, the outer end of No. two pistons (48) all is equipped with cutting knife (49).
2. The cultivation method of agaricus bisporus according to claim 1, wherein: all be provided with notch (7) in casing (4) at spout (44) top, be equipped with gasbag (71) in notch (7), cysteine solution (72) are contained in gasbag (71), the inner of gasbag (71) bottom is connected with air flow pipeline (73), the air flow pipeline (73) other end communicates with each other with spout (44) of a piston (45) inside, the outer end of gasbag (71) bottom is connected with shower nozzle (74), the inner at gasbag (71) top is connected with infusion pipeline (75).
3. The cultivation method of agaricus bisporus according to claim 1, wherein: and an extrusion block (491) is arranged on the upper surface of the outer end of the cutting knife (49), and the shape of the extrusion block (491) is set to be an arc shape protruding upwards.
4. The cultivation method of agaricus bisporus according to claim 1, wherein: the inner end face of the second piston (48) is connected with a spring (481), and the other end of the spring (481) is connected to the side wall of the sliding groove (44).
5. The cultivation method of agaricus bisporus according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the elastic membrane (43) is provided with a sponge layer (431), and the sponge layer (431) absorbs and diffuses the cysteine solution (72) sprayed on the surface.
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| CN111183854B (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2021-06-04 | 杨成梅 | Automatic picking, transporting and bagging integrated system based on mushroom cultivation |
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