CN110501069A - Space-time combined modulation light field spectrum imaging system and method - Google Patents
Space-time combined modulation light field spectrum imaging system and method Download PDFInfo
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- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/12—Generating the spectrum; Monochromators
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- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
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- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
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Abstract
The invention belongs to spectral imaging technology field, it is related to a kind of space-time combined modulation light field spectrum imaging system and method.It further include spatial light modulator control circuit, computer module and image processing module including objective lens, optical filter modulation module, spatial light modulator and the detector set gradually along optical path；The light of different spectral coverage after optical filter is converged in an image planes, is imaged on spatial light modulator planar；To the image progress spatial modulation being imaged on spatial light modulator planar, the spectral information of specific position is reflexed into detector face after spatial modulation, obtains the spatial light field information and spectral information of an image planes；By space-time combined modulation, the micro-reflector in spatial light modulator is successively repeatedly encoded, obtains different coding image；The high spatial resolution images and high spatial for obtaining obtaining target after data processing sample corresponding spectral information.Solve the problems, such as that spatial resolution existing for light field spectral imaging technology is low or spectral information lacks.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to spectral imaging technology field more particularly to a kind of space-time combined modulation light field spectrum imaging system and
Method.
Background technique
Spectral imaging technology can obtain the spatial image information and spectral information of target simultaneously, be widely used in army
The many aspects such as thing, agricultural, ocean, resource.According to the difference of imaging mode, spectral imaging technology can be divided into scan-type light
Spectrum is imaged and stares light spectrum image-forming.The former by periodically push away sweep or sweeping obtain target spatial image information and spectrum letter
Breath, temporal resolution are low.And gazing type imaging spectral technology is by the Polaroid spatial image information that can be obtained target, together
When by the method for time-modulation or spatial modulation realize spectral information acquisition.Therefore, it is wide to stare spectral imaging technology
It is general to be used for target reconnaissance, fire hazard monitoring, security protection, the multiple fields such as industrial monitoring, medical treatment and food.
Gazing type imaging spectral technology common at present includes slice spectral imaging technology, fiber array light spectrum image-forming skill
Art, multispectral spectroscopy techniques, three-dimensional chromatography spectral imaging technology, adjustable grating spectral imaging technology, light field light spectrum image-forming
Technology, compressed sensing spectral imaging technology etc., wherein compressed sensing light spectrum image-forming and light field spectral imaging technology structure are simple, hold
Easily realize.
Hadamard aperture coding spectral imaging technology in compressed sensing spectral imaging technology passes through to spatial image elder generation color
It dissipates, then to the target image after dispersion, spectral information is encoded using Hadamard coding templet, then by the image after coding
Compression imaging, exposure each time can obtain one it is optical spectrum encoded after spatial image, passing through multiple exposure, to obtain multiframe different
The image of coding, carrying out solution coding can be obtained the spectrum picture of target.This method has high spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio,
And the spectral information of each spatial sampling under high spatial resolution can be obtained, but this method is needed through multiple image inverting
The spectral information of target could be obtained, temporal resolution is low, be easy to cause the loss and missing inspection of dynamic object information.
Light field spectral imaging technology is a kind of visual spectrum imaging technique, is filtered by adding in light-field camera entrance pupil position
Piece carries out spectral modulation, places fixed coding templet or microlens array progress double sampling an image planes position, i.e.,
It can be achieved to obtain target four-dimension field information and record, can be realized the depth information and light of target by four-dimensional field information
The acquisition of spectrum information solves the problems, such as that Hadamard aperture encodes spectral imaging technology bad dynamic performance, but its spatial resolution
It is inversely proportional with spectral resolution, for the low problem of video light field spectrum camera spatial resolution, currently, most common solution party
Case is the full-color camera of mating identical optical performance.It is by the image procossing in later period, low resolved spectroscopy information and high-resolution is complete
The fusion of color information picture.But this scheme is only to assign the spectral information of low spatial sampling by gimmicks such as indirect assignment or interpolation
High spatial resolution images improve object space resolution ratio, but there is no the spectral informations for increasing target detail part.It is this
Method, it is likely that lead to the erroneous judgement during small objects are identified and scouted and fail to judge.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the problems, such as that spatial resolution existing for above-mentioned light field spectral imaging technology is low or spectral information lacks, this
Invention proposes a kind of space-time combined modulation light field spectrum imaging system and method, and can be modulated by primary space can be obtained mesh
The spectral information being marked under low spatial resolution can obtain corresponding spectrum under target high spatial resolution by time-modulation
Information, and program spectral resolution and spatial resolution are adjustable.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows provides a kind of space-time combined modulation light field spectrum imaging system, special character
It is: including objective lens, optical filter modulation module, spatial light modulator and the detector set gradually along optical path, further includes
Spatial light modulator control circuit, computer module and image processing module；
Above-mentioned objective lens are formed by multiple lens combinations, are used for target imaging in an image planes；
The aperture diaphragm position of above-mentioned optical filter modulation module insertion objective lens, for carrying out spectrum tune to incident ray
System；
Above-mentioned spatial light modulator is located at objective lens focal plane, carries out space tune for the spatial image to an image planes
System；
Above-mentioned detector is used for the image after reception space light modulator modulates, for carrying out secondary adopt to Polaroid
Sample records the spatial light field information and spectral information of an image planes；
Above-mentioned spatial light modulator control circuit is used for the space encoding of spatial light modulation device；
Above-mentioned computer module is for adjusting the distance between spatial light modulator and detector；
Above-mentioned image processing module carries out data cube weight for handling the data that detector receives, to single-frame images
Structure obtains low-resolution spatial image and the corresponding spectral information of low resolution spatial image；Data cube is carried out to multiple image
Reconstruct obtains the high spatial resolution images of target and high spatial samples corresponding spectral information.
Preferably, above-mentioned spatial light modulator is digital micromirror array DMD, corresponding above-mentioned spatial light modulator control
Circuit is digital micromirror array DMD control circuit, and above-mentioned digital micromirror array DMD control circuit is for controlling digital micromirror array
The angle of each micro-reflector in DMD.
Preferably, above-mentioned spatial light modulator can also be liquid crystal light valve or mechanical template；
When spatial light modulator is liquid crystal light valve, above-mentioned spatial light modulator control circuit is liquid crystal light valve control electricity
Road, above-mentioned liquid crystal light valve control circuit carry out light-light conversion for controlling liquid crystal light valve, play light path switch；
When spatial light modulator is mechanical template, above-mentioned spatial light modulator control circuit is mechanical template control electricity
Road, above-mentioned mechanical template control circuit is for switching a template in mechanical template.
Preferably, above-mentioned optical filter modulation module includes filter arrays or linear variable filter group.
The present invention also provides a kind of imaging method of above-mentioned space-time combined modulation light field spectrum imaging system, including it is following
Step:
Step 1: target passes through objective lens entrance pupil；
Step 2: optical filter carries out spectral modulation to target light, obtains the light of different spectral coverage；
Step 3: the light of different spectral coverage is converged in an image planes, is imaged on spatial light modulator planar；
Step 4: detector and spatial light are adjusted by spatial light modulator control circuit according to spatial resolution requirements
The distance between modulator, while system coding is carried out to spatial light modulator, to the figure being imaged on spatial light modulator planar
As progress spatial modulation, the spectral information of specific position is reflexed into detector face after spatial modulation, obtains the sky of an image planes
Between field information and spectral information；
Step 5: according to spatial resolution and spectral resolution requirement, by space-time combined modulation, to spatial light modulator
In micro-reflector successively repeatedly encoded, obtain different coding image；
Step 6: data cube reconstruct is carried out to single-frame images and obtains low-resolution image and low resolution spatial sampling pair
The spectral information answered；Data cube reconstruct is carried out to multiple image and fusion obtains the high spatial resolution images and height of target
The corresponding spectral information of spatial sampling.
Preferably, the spatial light modulator in this method can be digital micromirror array DMD, above-mentioned spatial light modulator control
Circuit processed is digital micromirror array DMD control circuit.
Preferably, the spatial light modulator in this method can also be liquid crystal light valve or mechanical template；
When spatial light modulator is liquid crystal light valve, above-mentioned spatial light modulator control circuit is liquid crystal light valve control electricity
Road, the liquid crystal light valve control circuit carry out light-light conversion for controlling liquid crystal light valve；
When spatial light modulator is mechanical template, above-mentioned spatial light modulator control circuit is mechanical template control electricity
Road, the mechanical template control circuit is for switching a template in mechanical template.
Preferably, further comprising the steps of:
Micro-reflector reflection angle in digital micromirror array DMD is adjusted, so that an image planes is shifted, offset is less than 1
A pixel acquires correspondence image, obtains more high spatial resolution images by repeatedly translating.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, space-time combined modulation is, it can be achieved that two kinds of imaging patterns
The present invention obtains the low spatial resolution light field spectrogram of target by spectral information modulation and spatial information modulation
Picture realizes video imaging function.On this basis, in conjunction with spatial modulation and time-modulation, the light field of high spatial resolution is realized
Light spectrum image-forming.
2, spatial resolution and spectral resolution are adjustable,
By controlling the coding templet of the distance between detector and digital micromirror array and digital micromirror array DMD,
The spatial sampling number that system single-frame images can be changed according to actual needs adjusts the spatial resolution and spectrum point of single-frame images
Resolution.
3, there is visual spectrum imaging function
By the Polaroid low sample space information and multispectral information that can be obtained target, the data for obtaining target are vertical
Cube has preferable real-time and dynamic.
4, with the spectrum sample ability under high spatial resolution
By adjusting digital micromirror array DMD space encoding template, an image planes different spatial is repeatedly adopted
Sample, repeatedly imaging can be obtained the spectrum number under the high spatial resolution images and the sampling of corresponding high spatial resolution of target
According to.And the acquisition of high spatial resolution images is obtained on the basis of visual spectrum image, does not need to carry out complexity
Pattern switching.
5, it can be realized image space dimension super-resolution
By adjusting digital micromirror array DMD to the reflection angle of light, make the sampling of its spatial position on the detector
The pixel of mobile 1/N, the image after being displaced by N frame difference carry out super-resolution, can be obtained the space dimension figure of higher resolution
Picture.
6, system structure is simple, can be realized miniaturization, lightweight, can be realized fast imaging.
Digital micromirror array DMD own vol is small, light-weight, is conducive to the Miniaturization Design of optical system.It is as light
Modulation element is learned, under 1bit control, refresh rate has reached 20,000 times or more micro-reflector, can guarantee the high frame of imaging system
The needs of frequency.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is present system structural schematic diagram；
Appended drawing reference in figure are as follows: 1- objective lens, 2- optical filter modulation module, 3- digital micromirror array DMD, 4- detection
Device, 5- distance controlling computer module.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described.
The present embodiment, which is based on digital micromirror array DMD, realizes a kind of space-time combined modulation light field spectrographic technique and device.
It is adjustable with spatial resolution and spectral resolution, it can be realized visual spectrum imaging, obtained by space-time combined modulation different
The visual spectrum image of sampling location, to multi-frame video spectrum picture be overlapped fusion obtain high spatial resolution spectrum at
Picture, and it is able to carry out super-resolution imaging.
It will be seen from figure 1 that space-time combined modulation light field spectrum imaging system of the present embodiment based on DMD, mainly includes
Objective lens 1, optical filter modulation module 2, digital micromirror array DMD3 and the detector 4 set gradually along optical path further includes number
Word micro mirror array DMD control circuit, distance controlling computer module 5 and image processing module；Wherein objective lens 1 are by target imaging
In an image planes, objective lens 1 are formed by multiple lens combinations；The entrance pupil position of the insertion objective lens 1 of optical filter modulation module 2
It sets, spectral modulation is carried out to incident ray；Digital micromirror array DMD3 is located at 1 focal plane of objective lens, i.e. system a image planes
Place carries out spatial modulation to the spatial image of an image planes；Detector 4 is for receiving the modulated figure of digital micromirror array DMD3
Picture, for recording the spatial light field information and spectral information of an image planes light to Polaroid carry out double sampling；Number is micro-
Lens array DMD control circuit is the auxiliary circuit of digital micromirror array, for controlling the angle of digital micromirror array micro-reflector
And switch；5 distance controlling computer module of distance controlling computer module can be made of precision control motor and accurate slide rail, be used
In adjusting the distance between digital micromirror array DMD3 and detector 4, by adjust digital micromirror array DMD3 and detector 4 it
Between distance, adjust spatial resolution and spectral resolution；Image processing module is right for handling the data that detector receives
Single-frame images carries out data cube reconstruct and obtains low-resolution image and the corresponding spectral information of low resolution spatial sampling；To more
Frame image carries out data cube reconstruct and fusion obtains the high spatial resolution images of target and high spatial samples corresponding light
Spectrum information.
Above-mentioned digital micromirror array DMD can be substituted with other spatial light modulators, and corresponding detector position is according to sky
Between optical modulator reflection or projection property determine.Common spatial light modulator further includes liquid crystal light valve, mechanical template.
The principle of the present invention is: target light (in Fig. 1 include target A and target B) by objective lens enter spectrum at
As system, spectral modulation is carried out to incident ray by filter arrays when by entrance pupil position, so that different at entrance pupil position
The light spectral coverage passed through at sub-aperture is inconsistent.The light of different spectral coverage is finally converged in an image planes, then passes through digital micro-mirror
Array DMD is spatially encoded sampling according to requirement of system design, and the incident ray of sampled point is reflected, and is finally visiting
It surveys device face and obtains the corresponding spectral information of each spectral coverage.Wherein digital micromirror array can be obtained one by first encoding sampling
The spectrum picture of low spatial resolution successively encodes different micro-reflectors by Space-Time Modulation, can be by an image planes
On image carry out whole samplings, the multiple image of sampling, which is overlapped fusion, can be obtained high spatial resolution images and its
Corresponding spectroscopic data.
Specific implementation step is as follows:
Step 1: filter arrays or linear variable filter group are placed in camera entrance pupil position, an image planes position
Placement location digital micromirror array DMD places detector in rear end, and the distance of detector distance digital micromirror array can be by micro-
Machine structure is controlled to adjust.
Step 2: target is by camera entrance pupil, and optical filter carries out spectral modulation at entrance pupil, digital micromirror array face at
Picture.
Step 3: according to spatial resolution requirements, the distance between detector and digital micromirror array DMD are adjusted, simultaneously
System coding is carried out to digital micromirror array DMD, the spectral information of specific position is reflexed to by detector face according to coding result,
Obtain the spatially and spectrally information of target.
Step 4: according to spatial resolution and spectral resolution requirement, multiple coded imaging is carried out, obtains different coding figure
Picture, coding form are determined by systematic sampling.
Step 5: data cube reconstruct is carried out to single-frame images and obtains low-resolution image and low resolution spatial sampling pair
The spectral information answered.Data cube reconstruct is carried out to multiple image and fusion obtains the high spatial resolution images and height of target
Spatial sampling to spectral information.
Step 6: it is slight to adjust micro-reflector reflection angle, make Polaroid face that the offset for being lower than 1 pixel occur, leads to
The image of acquisition after crossing repeatedly translation, can carry out space superresolution processing.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of space-time combined modulation light field spectrum imaging system, it is characterised in that: including the object lens mirror set gradually along optical path
Head, optical filter modulation module, spatial light modulator and detector, further include spatial light modulator control circuit, computer module and
Image processing module；
The objective lens are formed by multiple lens combinations, are used for target imaging in an image planes；
The aperture diaphragm position of the optical filter modulation module insertion objective lens, for carrying out spectral modulation to incident ray；
The spatial light modulator is located at objective lens focal plane, carries out spatial modulation for the spatial image to an image planes；
The detector is used for the image after reception space light modulator modulates, for Polaroid carry out double sampling, note
Record the spatial light field information and spectral information of an image planes；
The spatial light modulator control circuit is used for the space encoding of spatial light modulation device；
The computer module is for adjusting the distance between spatial light modulator and detector；
Described image processing module carries out data cube reconstruct to single-frame images and obtains for handling the data that detector receives
Obtain low-resolution spatial image and the corresponding spectral information of low resolution spatial image；Data cube reconstruct is carried out to multiple image
The high spatial resolution images and high spatial for obtaining target sample corresponding spectral information.
2. space-time combined modulation light field spectrum imaging system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the spatial light tune
Device processed is digital micromirror array DMD, and the spatial light modulator control circuit is digital micromirror array DMD control circuit, described
Digital micromirror array DMD control circuit is used to control the angle of each micro-reflector in digital micromirror array DMD.
3. space-time combined modulation light field spectrum imaging system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the spatial light tune
Device processed is liquid crystal light valve or mechanical template；
When spatial light modulator is liquid crystal light valve, the spatial light modulator control circuit is liquid crystal light valve control circuit, institute
It states liquid crystal light valve control circuit and carries out light-light conversion for controlling liquid crystal light valve；
When spatial light modulator is mechanical template, the spatial light modulator control circuit is mechanical template control circuit, institute
Mechanical template control circuit is stated for switching a template in mechanical template.
4. space-time combined modulation light field spectrum imaging system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that: described
Optical filter modulation module includes filter arrays or linear variable filter group.
5. a kind of imaging method of any space-time combined modulation light field spectrum imaging system of Claims 1-4, feature
It is, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: target passes through objective lens entrance pupil；
Step 2: optical filter carries out spectral modulation to target light, obtains the light of different spectral coverage；
Step 3: the light of different spectral coverage is converged in an image planes, is imaged on spatial light modulator planar；
Step 4: detector and space light modulation are adjusted by spatial light modulator control circuit according to spatial resolution requirements
The distance between device, at the same to spatial light modulator carry out system coding, to the image being imaged on spatial light modulator planar into
The spectral information of specific position is reflexed to detector face after spatial modulation, obtains the spatial light of an image planes by row spatial modulation
Field information and spectral information；
Step 5: according to spatial resolution and spectral resolution requirement, by space-time combined modulation, in spatial light modulator
Micro-reflector is successively repeatedly encoded, and different coding image is obtained；
Step 6: data cube reconstruct acquisition low-resolution image is carried out to single-frame images and low resolution spatial sampling is corresponding
Spectral information；Data cube reconstruct is carried out to multiple image and fusion obtains the high spatial resolution images and high spatial of target
Sample corresponding spectral information.
6. imaging method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the spatial light modulator is digital micromirror array
DMD, the spatial light modulator control circuit are digital micromirror array DMD control circuit.
7. imaging method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the spatial light modulator is liquid crystal light valve or machinery
Template；
When spatial light modulator is liquid crystal light valve, the spatial light modulator control circuit is liquid crystal light valve control circuit, institute
It states liquid crystal light valve control circuit and carries out light-light conversion for controlling liquid crystal light valve；
When spatial light modulator is mechanical template, the spatial light modulator control circuit is mechanical template control circuit, institute
Mechanical template control circuit is stated for switching a template in mechanical template.
8. imaging method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that further comprising the steps of:
Micro-reflector reflection angle in digital micromirror array DMD is adjusted, so that an image planes is shifted, less than 1 picture of offset
Element acquires correspondence image, obtains more high spatial resolution images by repeatedly translating.
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| CN112804513A (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-05-14 | 暨南大学 | Light field camera and imaging method |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102944305A (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2013-02-27 | 北京航空航天大学 | Spectral imaging method and spectrum imaging instrument of snapshot-type high throughput |
| CN106404171A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-02-15 | 北京理工大学 | Liquid crystal hyperspectral calculation imaging measurement device and method of three-dimensional encoding |
| CN208270074U (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2018-12-21 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Space-time combined modulation light field spectrum imaging system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102944305A (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2013-02-27 | 北京航空航天大学 | Spectral imaging method and spectrum imaging instrument of snapshot-type high throughput |
| CN106404171A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-02-15 | 北京理工大学 | Liquid crystal hyperspectral calculation imaging measurement device and method of three-dimensional encoding |
| CN208270074U (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2018-12-21 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Space-time combined modulation light field spectrum imaging system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112804513A (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-05-14 | 暨南大学 | Light field camera and imaging method |
| CN112804513B (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2023-02-17 | 暨南大学 | Light field camera and imaging method |
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