CN110498644B - Arsenic slag treatment method - Google Patents
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- CN110498644B CN110498644B CN201910915914.3A CN201910915914A CN110498644B CN 110498644 B CN110498644 B CN 110498644B CN 201910915914 A CN201910915914 A CN 201910915914A CN 110498644 B CN110498644 B CN 110498644B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/14—Waste materials; Refuse from metallurgical processes
- C04B18/141—Slags
- C04B18/144—Slags from the production of specific metals other than iron or of specific alloys, e.g. ferrochrome slags
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/006—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mineral polymers, e.g. geopolymers of the Davidovits type
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0003—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability making use of electric or wave energy or particle radiation
- C04B40/001—Electromagnetic waves
- C04B40/0017—Irradiation, i.e. gamma -, X -, UV rays
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for treating arsenic slag, which comprises the steps of uniformly mixing tuff powder and arsenic slag powder to obtain arsenic mixed powder; then uniformly mixing the iron oxide powder, the aluminum powder and the arsenic slag powder to obtain iron-arsenic mixed powder; adding water into the iron-arsenic mixed powder, and stirring uniformly to obtain iron-arsenic mixed slurry; carrying out low-temperature plasma irradiation on the iron-arsenic mixed slurry and simultaneously carrying out stirring and aeration treatment to obtain plasma treatment slurry; adding calcium oxide and sodium hydroxide into the plasma treated slurry, stirring uniformly, putting into a mold, maintaining, and demolding to obtain the arsenic slag gelled and solidified body. The method carries out integrated treatment on the oxidation detoxification and the solidification stabilization of the arsenic slag, and the low-toxicity pentavalent arsenic salt is efficiently stabilized in the gelled solidified body; the addition of ferric ions can efficiently adsorb reducing substances, prevent pentavalent arsenic from being reduced into trivalent arsenic again, and maintain the stability of pentavalent arsenic; the strength of the solidified body of the arsenic slag can reach 51.62MPa, and the arsenic leaching concentration is lower than the allowable value of the arsenic concentration of the drinking water (first grade).
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a treatment method of arsenic slag, in particular to a treatment method for strengthening arsenic slag detoxification and gelation solidification stabilization.
Background
During the processes of mining, dressing and smelting of the arsenic-containing non-ferrous metal ore, a large amount of arsenic slag is generated, and the arsenic slag generally exists in the forms of arsenic-iron slag, arsenic sulfide slag, arsenic-calcium slag, organic arsenic slag and the like. Various arsenic compounds contained in the arsenic slag have toxicity to human bodies, can cause damage to human organs and can easily induce canceration of human tissues; arsenic pollutants released by arsenic slag in soil can also inhibit the growth of plant roots, so that plants die and wither, and ecological balance is seriously affected.
At present, the disposal methods for arsenic slag mainly include leaching, electric removal, and solidification/stabilization. A large amount of eluting agent is usually required to be added when the eluting leaching method is used for treating the arsenic slag, the problem of secondary pollution is easily caused in the processes of adding medicine, eluting and separating solid from liquid, the removal rate of arsenic pollutants in the arsenic slag is low, and the eluting waste liquid still needs to be deeply treated. The application of the electric removal method to treat the arsenic slag can improve the removal rate of arsenic compounds in the arsenic slag, but the method has the problems of high water and electricity consumption, explosive gas generated in the treatment process, high activity of slag sample arsenic in an arsenic enrichment area and the like.
The curing/stabilizing technique refers to a technique of significantly reducing the potential migration activity of specific contaminants by modifying the waste autogenous engineering characteristics by blending additives or by curing by gelation. The problems that the activation of gelled materials is insufficient, the arsenic leaching concentration of an arsenic slag solidified body is high, part of high-valence arsenic is reduced into low-valence arsenic in the stabilizing/curing process and the like exist in the prior art of applying a curing/stabilizing technology to treat arsenic slag. Considering that the toxicity and the migration activity of arsenic are related to the valence state of arsenic, the toxicity and the migration activity of low-valence arsenic substances are usually far higher than those of high-valence arsenic, so that the low-valence arsenic is converted into high-valence arsenic and the stability of the high-valence arsenic is maintained in the arsenic slag treatment process, the arsenic pollution exposure risk of field operators can be reduced, and the leaching rate of arsenic in the arsenic slag solidified body can be improved. At present, the valence state of arsenic pollutants in arsenic slag is generally improved by adding a large amount of oxidant into the arsenic slag through the steps of stirring, aging, drying and the like. The method not only directly increases the disposal link, but also has the problems of low oxidation efficiency of arsenide in the arsenic slag, incompatibility of oxidant products and curing agents, influence on the stability of curing/stabilizing chemical conditions and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for treating arsenic slag, which realizes the integrated treatment of efficient oxidation detoxification of arsenide and solidification stabilization of the arsenic slag and solidifies the arsenic slag in a gelled solidified body.
The technical scheme is as follows: the arsenic slag treatment method comprises the steps of uniformly mixing tuff powder and arsenic slag powder to obtain arsenic mixed powder; then uniformly mixing the iron oxide powder, the aluminum powder and the arsenic slag powder to obtain iron-arsenic mixed powder; adding water into the iron-arsenic mixed powder, and stirring uniformly to obtain iron-arsenic mixed slurry; carrying out low-temperature plasma irradiation on the iron-arsenic mixed slurry and simultaneously carrying out stirring and aeration treatment to obtain plasma treatment slurry; adding calcium oxide and sodium hydroxide into the plasma treated slurry, stirring uniformly, filling into a mold, maintaining at room temperature, and demolding to obtain the arsenic slag gelled and solidified body.
Wherein the mass ratio of the tuff powder to the arsenic slag powder is 1-2.5: 1, the comprehensive arsenic solidification rate, the uniaxial compressive strength of the arsenic slag gel solidified body and the cost are more preferably 1-2: 1, and can be 1:1, 1.5:1 or 2: 1.
The mass ratio of the iron oxide powder to the aluminum powder to the arsenic mixed powder is 5-12.5: 100, the comprehensive arsenic solidification rate, the uniaxial compressive strength of the arsenic slag gel solidified body and the cost are more preferably 5-10: 100, and the mass ratio can be 5:5:100, 5:7.5:100, 5:10:100, 7.5:5:100, 7.5:7.5:100, 7.5:10:100, 10:5:100, 10:7.5:100 or 10:10: 100.
The mass ratio of the calcium oxide to the sodium hydroxide to the tuff powder is 5-12.5: 3-7.5: 100, the comprehensive arsenic solidification rate, the uniaxial compressive strength of the arsenic slag gel solidified body and the cost are more preferably 5-10: 3-6: 100, and the mass ratio can be 5:3:100, 5:4.5:100, 5:6:100, 7.5:3:100, 7.5:4.5:100, 7.5:6:100, 10:3:100, 10:4.5:100 or 10:6: 100.
The liquid-solid ratio of the water and the iron-arsenic mixed powder is 55-65: 100(mL: mg).
And (3) irradiating the iron-arsenic mixed slurry by using low-temperature plasma at the output voltage of 20-80 KV, stirring at the speed of 60-120 rpm, stopping low-temperature plasma irradiation, stirring and aeration treatment after 1-3 h, and enabling the exposed oxygen to absorb high-energy electrons so as to increase the yield of oxygen radicals and hydroxyl radicals.
The preparation process of the arsenic slag powder comprises the steps of drying and grinding the arsenic slag, and sieving the arsenic slag with a 200-400-mesh sieve to obtain the arsenic slag powder.
During the low-temperature plasma treatment process, high-energy electrons and active particles released by the electrodes induce the generation of a large amount of active substances accompanied by ultraviolet light, microwave radiation, shock waves and pyrolysis phenomena. The oxygen gas exposed in the iron-arsenic mixed slurry can absorb high-energy electrons, and the yield of oxygen free radicals and hydroxyl free radicals is increased. The oxygen free radicals and the hydroxyl free radicals react out of phase, so that the residual trivalent arsenic in the arsenic slag is quickly oxidized into pentavalent arsenic salt with lower toxicity. Ferric ions doped in the iron-arsenic mixed slurry can effectively adsorb reducing substances such as high-energy electrons, hydrogen free radicals, carbon dioxide free radicals and the like to be converted into ferrous ions, so that pentavalent arsenic salt is prevented from being reduced into ferric arsenic again; meanwhile, the generated ferrous ions can react with hydrogen peroxide generated by low-temperature plasma induction to generate hydroxyl radicals and ferric ions. Under the combined action of chemical dissolution, high-energy particle impact, microwave radiation, shock wave and pyrolysis, the aluminum powder is ionized and dissociated to generate polyaluminium colloid, the polyaluminium colloid is combined with ferric ions to generate polyaluminium-ferric colloid, and the polyaluminium-ferric colloid can efficiently adsorb pentavalent arsenic salt. Under the combined action of high-energy particle impact, microwave radiation, shock wave and pyrolysis, a great deal of glassy silicate in tuff is dissolved out and effectively activated. The activated silicate substance reacts rapidly with the polyaluminium-iron colloid adsorbed with pentavalent arsenic salt to generate a three-dimensional geopolymer. Pentavalent arsenic salts are effectively solidified in three-dimensional geopolymers through potential equilibrium and chemical bond bridging. More hydroxide ions can be introduced into a liquid environment by adding sodium hydroxide into the slurry, so that the base generation effect is activated, the three-dimensional geopolymer is promoted to be further polymerized, and a polymer complex with a more compact structure is generated. Under the action of alkali excitation, the polymer complex and calcium ions undergo hydration reaction to finally generate a compact gelled and solidified body with high compressive strength. Through the comprehensive effects of chemical equilibrium, chemical bond bridging and physical encapsulation, the arsenic pollutants are efficiently stabilized in the gelled and solidified bodies.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: (1) the invention carries out integrated treatment on the oxidation detoxification and the solidification stabilization of the arsenic slag, the low-toxicity pentavalent arsenic salt after oxidation is efficiently stabilized in a gelled solidified body, and the arsenic solidification rate can reach 99.71 percent to the maximum; (2) the addition of the ferric ions can efficiently adsorb reducing substances, thereby preventing pentavalent arsenic from being reduced into trivalent arsenic again and effectively maintaining the stability of the pentavalent arsenic; (3) in a mortar test, the strength of the arsenic slag solidified body can reach 51.62MPa, the high compressive strength of the solidified body can effectively reduce the leaching toxicity concentration of arsenic, and the arsenic leaching concentration is lower than the allowable value of the (first-grade) arsenic concentration of drinking water.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.
Example 1
Influence of mass ratio of tuff powder and arsenic slag powder on arsenic solidification rate and uniaxial compressive strength of arsenic slag gel solidified body
As shown in figure 1, drying and grinding arsenic slag, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain arsenic slag powder, and respectively weighing calcium oxide, sodium hydroxide and tuff powder according to a mass ratio of 5:3: 100; weighing tuff powder and arsenic slag powder according to the mass ratio of 0.5:1, 0.7:1, 0.9:1, 1:1, 1.5:1, 2:1, 2.1:1, 2.3:1 and 2.5:1 respectively, mixing, and stirring uniformly to obtain arsenic mixed powder; weighing iron oxide powder, aluminum powder and arsenic mixed powder respectively according to the mass ratio of 5:5:100, mixing, and uniformly stirring to obtain iron and arsenic mixed powder; mixing water and the iron-arsenic-containing mixed powder according to a liquid-solid ratio of 55:100(mL: mg), and uniformly stirring to obtain iron-arsenic mixed slurry; carrying out low-temperature plasma irradiation on the iron-arsenic mixed slurry, wherein the output voltage of a plasma power supply (Wuhan Sanxin Huatai electric test equipment, Inc.) is 20KV, stirring the iron-arsenic mixed slurry and introducing oxygen while carrying out low-temperature plasma irradiation at the stirring speed of 60rpm, and stopping low-temperature plasma irradiation, stirring and aeration after 1 hour to obtain plasma treatment slurry; and adding the weighed calcium oxide and sodium hydroxide into the plasma treated slurry, fully stirring, putting into a mold, maintaining for 28 days at room temperature, and demolding to obtain the arsenic slag gelled and solidified body.
And (3) detecting the uniaxial compressive strength: the measurement of the compressive strength of the arsenic slag gelled and solidified body is carried out according to the standard GB/T17671 1999 in Cement mortar Strength test method (ISO method).
And (3) detecting the arsenic leaching toxicity: arsenic leaching tests and leaching concentration detection of arsenic slag and arsenic slag gelled and solidified bodies are carried out according to the standard of hazardous waste identification standard leaching toxicity identification (GB 5085.3-2007).
The arsenic cure rate was calculated according to the following formula, wherein RFixing deviceThe arsenic solidification rate (%) is arsenic solidification rate (%) of arsenic slag gel solidification body cFixing deviceArsenic leaching concentration (mg/L), c, of arsenic slag gel solidified bodySlagAs the arsenic leaching concentration (mg/L) of the arsenic slag, the test results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 influence of the quality ratios of tuff powder and arsenic slag powder on arsenic solidification rate and uniaxial compressive strength of arsenic slag gel solidified body
As can be seen from table 1, when the mass ratio of the tuff powder to the arsenic slag powder is less than 1:1 (as in table 1, when the mass ratio of the tuff powder to the arsenic slag powder is 0.9:1, 0.7:1, 0.5:1 and lower ratios not listed in table 1), under the combined action of high-energy particle impact, microwave radiation, shock wave and pyrolysis, less glassy silicate is dissolved from the tuff and effectively activated, so that three-dimensional geological aggregates are generated, the potential balance and chemical bond bridging effect are weakened, the arsenic solidification rate of the arsenic slag gelled solidified body is lower than 82%, and the uniaxial compressive strength is lower than 29Mpa and is remarkably reduced as the mass ratio of the tuff powder to the arsenic slag powder is reduced. When the mass ratio of the tuff powder to the arsenic slag powder is 1-2: 1 (as shown in table 1, the mass ratio of the tuff powder to the arsenic slag powder is 1:1, 1.5:1 and 2: 1), under the combined action of high-energy particle impact, microwave radiation, shock wave and pyrolysis, a large amount of glass-state silicate in the tuff is dissolved out and effectively activated, activated silicate substances and poly aluminum-iron colloid of pentavalent arsenic salt are rapidly reacted to generate a three-dimensional geological polymer, the arsenic salt is effectively cured in the three-dimensional geological polymer through potential balance and chemical bond bridging, finally, the arsenic curing rate of the arsenic slag gelled and cured body is higher than 90%, and the uniaxial compressive strength is higher than 35 MPa. When the mass ratio of the tuff powder to the arsenic slag powder is higher than 2:1 (as shown in table 1, when the mass ratio of the tuff powder to the arsenic slag powder is 2.1:1, 2.3:1, 2.5:1 and higher ratios not listed in table 1), the solidification rate and uniaxial compressive strength of the arsenic slag gelled and solidified bodies do not change obviously along with the increase of the mass ratio of the tuff powder to the arsenic slag powder. Therefore, in summary, the benefits and the cost are combined, and when the mass ratio of the tuff powder to the arsenic slag powder is 1-2: 1, the arsenic solidification rate and the uniaxial compressive strength of the arsenic slag gel solidified body are improved.
Example 2
Influence of mass ratio of iron oxide powder, aluminum powder and arsenic mixed powder on arsenic solidification rate and uniaxial compressive strength of arsenic slag gel solidified body
Drying and grinding arsenic slag, sieving with a 300-mesh sieve to obtain arsenic slag powder, and weighing calcium oxide, sodium hydroxide and tuff powder according to a mass ratio of 7.5:4.5: 100; respectively weighing tuff powder and arsenic slag powder according to the mass ratio of 2:1, mixing, and uniformly stirring to obtain arsenic mixed powder; weighing 2.5:2.5:100, 3.5:3.5:100, 4.5:4.5:100, 5:2.5:100, 5:3.5:100, 5:4.5:100, 2.5:5:100, 3.5:5:100, 4.5:5:100, 5:7.5:100, 5:10:100, 7.5:5:100, 7.5:7.5:100, 7.5:10:100, 10:5:100, 10:7.5:100, 10:10:100, 10:10.5:100, 10:11.5:100, 10:12.5:100, 10.5:10:100, 11.5:10:100, 12.5:10:100, 10.5:10.5:100, 11.5:11.5:100, 12.5: 12: 100, 10.5:10:100, 10.5:10.5:100, 11.5:11.5:100, 12.5:12.5:100, arsenic powder and arsenic powder according to a mass ratio, and mixing the iron powder and arsenic powder and the arsenic powder to obtain a mixture, wherein the iron powder and the iron powder are uniformly; mixing water and the iron-arsenic mixed powder according to a liquid-solid ratio of 60:100(mL: mg), and uniformly stirring to obtain iron-arsenic mixed slurry; carrying out low-temperature plasma irradiation on the iron-arsenic mixed slurry, wherein the output voltage of a plasma power supply is 60KV, stirring the iron-arsenic mixed slurry and introducing oxygen while carrying out low-temperature plasma irradiation at a stirring speed of 90rpm, and stopping low-temperature plasma irradiation, stirring and aeration after 2 hours to obtain plasma treatment slurry; and adding the weighed calcium oxide and sodium hydroxide into the plasma treatment slurry, fully stirring, putting into a mold, maintaining for 28 days at room temperature, and demolding to obtain the arsenic slag gelled and solidified body.
The uniaxial compressive strength detection, the arsenic leaching toxicity detection and the arsenic curing rate calculation are all the same as in example 1, and the test results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 influence of mass ratio of iron oxide powder, aluminum powder and arsenic-containing mixed powder on arsenic solidification rate and uniaxial compressive strength of arsenic-containing solidified body formed by gelatinization of arsenic slag
As can be seen from table 2, when the mass ratio of the iron oxide powder, the aluminum powder, and the arsenic mixed powder is less than 5:5:100 (as shown in table 2, when the mass ratio of the iron oxide powder, the aluminum powder, and the arsenic mixed powder is 4.5:5:100, 3.5:5:100, 2.5:5:100, 5:4.5:100, 5:3.5:100, 5:2.5:100, 4.5:4.5:100, 3.5:3.5:100, 2.5:2.5:100, and lower ratios not listed in table 2), the iron-arsenic mixed slurry contains less ferric ions, and has a poor effect of adsorbing reducing substances such as high-energy electrons, hydrogen radicals, and carbon dioxide radicals, and the low-toxicity, low-migration-activity pentavalent arsenic is easily reduced to high-toxicity, high-migration-activity trivalent arsenic, hydroxyl radicals, and ferric ions, and the yields are reduced at the same time under the combined actions of chemical dissolution, high-energy particle impact pyrolysis, microwave radiation, impact wave, and microwave pyrolysis, the ionization and dissociation phenomena of the aluminum powder generate polyaluminium colloid and polyaluminium-iron colloid, the arsenic solidification rate of an arsenic slag gelled solidification body is lower than 86%, the arsenic solidification rate is obviously reduced along with the reduction of the mass ratio of the iron oxide powder, the aluminum powder and the arsenic mixed powder, the uniaxial compressive strength is lower than 36Mpa, and the arsenic solidification rate is obviously reduced along with the reduction of the mass ratio of the iron oxide powder, the aluminum powder and the arsenic mixed powder. When the mass ratio of the iron oxide powder, the aluminum powder and the arsenic mixed powder is 5-10: 100 (as shown in table 2, the mass ratio of the iron oxide powder, the aluminum powder and the arsenic mixed powder is 5:5:100, 5:7.5:100, 5:10:100, 7.5:5:100, 7.5:7.5:100, 7.5:10:100, 10:5:100, 10:7.5:100 and 10:10: 100), the ferric iron ions doped in the iron and arsenic mixed slurry can effectively adsorb reducing substances such as high-energy electrons, hydrogen radicals and carbon dioxide radicals and can be converted into ferrous ions, so that pentavalent arsenic salt is prevented from being reduced into low-valent ferric arsenic again; meanwhile, the generated ferrous ions can react with hydrogen peroxide generated by low-temperature plasma induction to generate hydroxyl radicals and ferric ions; under the combined action of chemical dissolution, high-energy particle impact, microwave radiation, shock wave and pyrolysis, the aluminum powder is ionized and dissociated to generate polyaluminium colloid; the polyaluminium colloid is combined with ferric ions to generate a polyaluminium-ferric colloid, the polyaluminium-ferric colloid can efficiently adsorb pentavalent arsenic salt, and finally, the arsenic solidification rate of the arsenic slag gel solidification body is higher than 93%, and the uniaxial compressive strength is higher than 43 Mpa. When the mass ratio of the iron oxide powder, the aluminum powder and the arsenic mixed powder is greater than 10:10:100 (as shown in table 2, when the mass ratio of the iron oxide powder, the aluminum powder and the arsenic mixed powder is 10:10.5:100, 10:11.5:100, 10:12.5:100, 10.5:10:100, 11.5:10:100, 12.5:10:100, 10.5:10.5:100, 11.5:11.5:100, 12.5:12.5:100 and higher ratios not listed in table 2), the solidification rate and the uniaxial strength of the arsenic slag gel solidified body do not change obviously along with the increase of the mass ratio of the iron oxide powder, the aluminum powder and the arsenic mixed powder. Therefore, in summary, the benefit and the cost are combined, and when the mass ratio of the iron oxide powder, the aluminum powder and the arsenic mixed powder is 5-10: 100, the arsenic solidification rate and the uniaxial compressive strength of the arsenic slag gel solidified body are improved.
Example 3
Influence of quality ratios of calcium oxide, sodium hydroxide and tuff powder on arsenic solidification rate and uniaxial compressive strength of arsenic slag gel solidified body
Drying and grinding arsenic slag, and sieving the arsenic slag by a 300-mesh sieve to obtain arsenic slag powder, wherein the arsenic slag powder comprises 2.5:1.5:100, 3.5:2:100, 4.5:2.5:100, 2.5:3:100, 3.5:3:100, 4.5:3:100, 5:1.5:100, 5:2:100, 5:2.5:100, 5:3:100, 5:4.5:100, 5:6:100, 7.5:3:100, 7.5:4.5:100, 7.5:6:100, 10:3:100, 10:4.5:100, 10:6:100, 10.5:6:100, 11.5:6:100, 12.5:6:100, 10:6.5:100, 10:7:100, 10:7.5:100, 10.5:6.5:100, 11.5: 5:100, 12.5: 5:100, 5:5, 5:100, 5:100 and sodium hydroxide powder in percentage by mass; and weighing tuff powder and arsenic slag powder according to the mass ratio of 2:1, mixing, and uniformly stirring to obtain arsenic mixed powder. Weighing iron oxide powder, aluminum powder and arsenic mixed powder respectively according to the mass ratio of 10:10:100, mixing and uniformly stirring to obtain iron and arsenic mixed powder; mixing water and the iron-arsenic mixed powder according to a liquid-solid ratio of 65:100(mL: mg), and uniformly stirring to obtain iron-arsenic mixed slurry; carrying out low-temperature plasma irradiation on the iron-arsenic mixed slurry, wherein the output voltage of a plasma power supply is 80KV, stirring the iron-arsenic mixed slurry and introducing oxygen while carrying out low-temperature plasma irradiation, wherein the stirring speed is 120rpm, and stopping low-temperature plasma irradiation, stirring and aeration after 3 hours to obtain plasma treatment slurry; and adding the weighed calcium oxide and sodium hydroxide into the plasma treated slurry, fully stirring, putting into a mold, maintaining for 28 days at room temperature, and demolding to obtain the arsenic slag gelled and solidified body.
The uniaxial compressive strength detection, the arsenic leaching toxicity detection and the arsenic curing rate calculation are all the same as in example 1, and the test results are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 influence of the ratio of the quality of calcium oxide, sodium hydroxide and tuff powder on the As-solidifying rate and uniaxial compressive strength of the As-solidified arsenic slag gel
As can be seen from table 3, when the mass ratio of the calcium oxide powder, the sodium hydroxide powder and the tuff powder is less than 5:3:100 (as in table 3, when the mass ratio of the iron oxide powder, the aluminum powder and the arsenic mixed powder is 5:2.5:100, 5:2:100, 5:1.5:100, 4.5:3:100, 3.5:3:100, 2.5:3:100, 4.5:2.5:100, 3.5:2:100, 2.5:1.5:100 and lower ratios not listed in table 3), the amount of calcium ions is small, the alkali excitation effect is insufficient, the hydration reaction of the polymer composite body with the calcium ions is insufficient, so that the arsenic solidification rate of the arsenic slag gelled solidified body is less than 89% and is significantly reduced with the mass ratio of the calcium oxide powder, the sodium hydroxide powder and the tuff powder. When the mass ratio of the calcium oxide powder, the sodium hydroxide powder and the tuff powder is less than 5-10: 3-6: 100 (as shown in table 3, when the mass ratio of the iron oxide powder, the aluminum powder and the arsenic mixed powder is 5:3:100, 5:4.5:100, 5:6:100, 7.5:3:100, 7.5:4.5:100, 7.5:6:100, 10:3:100, 10:4.5:100 and 10:6: 100), the polymer complex and calcium ions are subjected to hydration reaction under the action of alkali excitation to generate a compact gelled and solidified body, the arsenic solidification rate of the arsenic slag gelled and solidified body is higher than 96%, and the uniaxial compressive strength is higher than 47 Mpa. When the mass ratio of the calcium oxide powder, the sodium hydroxide powder and the tuff powder is higher than 10:6:100 (as shown in table 3, when the mass ratio of the iron oxide powder, the aluminum powder and the arsenic mixed powder is 10.5:6:100, 11.5:6:100, 12.5:6:100, 10:6.5:100, 10:7:100, 10:7.5:100, 10.5:6.5:100, 11.5:7:100, 12.5:7.5:100 and higher ratios not listed in table 3), the solidification rate and the uniaxial compressive strength of the arsenic slag gelled and solidified body do not obviously change along with the increase of the mass ratio of the calcium oxide powder, the sodium hydroxide powder and the tuff powder. Therefore, in summary, the benefits and the cost are combined, and when the mass ratio of the calcium oxide to the sodium hydroxide to the tuff powder is less than 5-10: 3-6: 100, the arsenic solidification rate and the uniaxial compressive strength of the arsenic slag gel solidified body are improved.
Claims (6)
1. The method for treating arsenic slag is characterized in that tuff powder and arsenic slag powder are mixed uniformly to obtain arsenic mixed powder; uniformly mixing the iron oxide powder, the aluminum powder and the arsenic mixed powder to obtain iron-arsenic mixed powder; adding water into the iron-arsenic mixed powder, and stirring uniformly to obtain iron-arsenic mixed slurry; carrying out low-temperature plasma irradiation on the iron-arsenic mixed slurry and simultaneously carrying out stirring and aeration treatment to obtain plasma treatment slurry; adding calcium oxide and sodium hydroxide into the plasma treated slurry, stirring uniformly, putting into a mold, maintaining, and demolding to obtain an arsenic slag gelled and solidified body;
wherein the mass ratio of the tuff powder to the arsenic slag powder is 1-2.5: 1; the mass ratio of the iron oxide powder to the aluminum powder to the arsenic mixed powder is 5-12.5: 100; the mass ratio of the calcium oxide to the sodium hydroxide to the tuff powder is 5-12.5: 3-7.5: 100;
and (3) irradiating the iron-arsenic mixed slurry by using low-temperature plasma at an output voltage of 20-80 KV, stirring at a speed of 60-120 rpm, introducing oxygen, and stopping low-temperature plasma irradiation, stirring and aeration treatment after 1-3 hours.
2. The method for treating arsenic slag according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the tuff powder to the arsenic slag powder is 1-2: 1.
3. The method for treating arsenic slag according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the iron oxide powder, the aluminum powder and the arsenic mixed powder is 5-10: 100.
4. The method for treating arsenic slag as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the calcium oxide, the sodium hydroxide and the tuff powder is 5-10: 3-6: 100.
5. The method for treating arsenic slag as claimed in claim 1, wherein the liquid-solid ratio of the water and the iron-arsenic mixed powder is 55-65: 100.
6. The method for treating the arsenic slag as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation process of the arsenic slag powder comprises the steps of drying and grinding the arsenic slag, and sieving the arsenic slag with a 200-400-mesh sieve.
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