CN110498639B - Preparation method of sand-based material with rapid water filtering function - Google Patents
Preparation method of sand-based material with rapid water filtering function Download PDFInfo
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- CN110498639B CN110498639B CN201910678740.3A CN201910678740A CN110498639B CN 110498639 B CN110498639 B CN 110498639B CN 201910678740 A CN201910678740 A CN 201910678740A CN 110498639 B CN110498639 B CN 110498639B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B26/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B26/14—Polyepoxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00284—Materials permeable to liquids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00612—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as one or more layers of a layered structure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of environment functional materials, and discloses a preparation method of a sand-based material with a rapid water filtering function, which comprises a water filtering functional layer and a water permeable functional layer, and particularly relates to a filtering functional material which is prepared by respectively blending organic and inorganic fibers with good reinforcement and toughness in a modified sand-based material, then respectively bonding the organic and inorganic fibers by using organic and inorganic adhesives, and preparing different structures by proper cloth sequence and forming mode, wherein the filtering functional material has the rapid water filtering and water permeable functional layer; the invention solves the problems of poor water filtration or water permeability and small strength of a single material; the method adopts room temperature curing molding, and overcomes the defects of high energy consumption and large environmental pollution of the traditional sintering process. The sand-based material with the rapid water filtering function and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention have the advantages of simple operation, various structures, no need of high-temperature sintering, easiness in implementation and contribution to industrial popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environment functional materials, in particular to a preparation method of a sand-based material with a rapid water filtering function.
Background
The rapid water filtering and permeating material has important application value in the fields of municipal administration, building, wastewater treatment and the like. If in municipal construction such as urban road, square, the laying of quick filtration, permeable pavement material all has important meaning to placing road ponding, sponge urban system's construction.
The existing commonly used road surface rainwater permeable materials mainly comprise concrete permeable materials, ceramic permeable materials, high polymer permeable materials, sand-based permeable materials and composite water filtering materials of the materials. The existing permeable materials have some defects, for example, the concrete permeable material has larger pores among aggregates, and the surface of the permeable material is easily blocked by dust and silt, so that the water filtration performance is reduced; the ceramic water permeable material has a complex production process, generally needs to be sintered, consumes a large amount of energy and has high cost; the high-molecular polymer permeable material is generally made by punching a whole block of plastic, and has poor water filterability, so that silt and rainwater are discharged into an underground pipe network together; obviously, the water permeability of the existing materials is difficult to meet the requirements of simple production process, low energy consumption, high water permeability and longer water filtration time efficiency, and a composite material which has the functions of water filtration and water permeability and is higher in cost performance and price performance and is constructed by a simple method is required to be continuously researched and developed to be used in municipal construction projects such as rapid filtration and permeation of rainwater on road surfaces.
The mechanical properties of the water-permeable and water-permeable material also have an important influence on the rigidity. In ancient buildings, ancient people add straws or reeds and the like into clay for making adobes to modify the clay, and natural plant fibers in the clay are utilized to increase the compressive strength of the adobes. At present, researchers have reported to prepare concrete permeable materials modified by polymer fibers, wherein the polymer fibers are usually organic high molecular materials such as polypropylene fibers, polyacrylonitrile fibers and polyamide fibers, and the polymer fibers can play a role in preventing early cracking of concrete and improving the impact resistance and the fracture resistance of the concrete by adding the polymer fibers. The organic polymer fiber also has better corrosion resistance and larger toughness, but the concrete permeable material mainly depends on the adhesion of cement (inorganic cementing material) to sandstone aggregate, and because polypropylene, polyethylene and the like have smaller polarity, when the organic polymer fiber is blended in concrete, the binding force between the cement and the organic polymer fiber is weaker. Chinese patent application CN106186864A discloses a novel polypropylene fiber concrete and a preparation method thereof, wherein the polypropylene fiber is modified by methods of melt extrusion, hot roller stretching, plasma surface treatment, coupling agent addition and the like before blending. Although the polymer fiber concrete material with better mechanical property can be obtained by the method, the preparation process is too complex and is not easy to be industrially implemented.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a sand-based material with a rapid water filtering function, the sand-based material is prepared by respectively blending organic or inorganic fibers with good reinforcement and toughness in a modified sand-based material, then respectively bonding the organic or inorganic fibers by using organic or inorganic adhesives, and carrying out the procedures of distribution, forming, demoulding and the like.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a sand-based material with a rapid water filtering function comprises a water filtering functional layer and a water permeable functional layer which are compounded, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, a preparation method of a water filtering functional layer material;
placing 500g-1200g of precoated sand in a cement mortar stirrer, stirring, adding 7.5g-20g of modified curing agent, 0.6g-1.5g of organic polymer fiber and 4g-15g of pigment by 25g-60g of organic adhesive, and fully stirring to obtain a water filtering functional layer material for later use;
step two, a preparation method of a water-permeable functional layer material;
placing 600g-2000g of coarse carpolite, 150g-500g of cement, 0.5g-2g of inorganic fiber, 50g-140g of water and 2g-6g of water reducing agent in a cement mortar stirrer for stirring, and fully stirring to obtain a water permeable functional layer material for later use;
step three, a preparation method of the water-filtering and water-permeable composite material;
respectively adding two sand-based materials into a stainless steel mold at least once, and after the sand-based materials are added each time, curing and forming at normal temperature by adopting one of micro-frequency vibration forming or static pressure forming or combination of micro-frequency vibration and static pressure forming or centrifugal forming modes, and demolding after 24 hours to obtain the filtering functional materials of the microporous filtering surface layer and the macroporous water-permeable bottom layer, wherein the thickness ratio of the two layers is 1:1-1: 5;
the concrete permeable material of the whole body has low cost and better water permeability, but the water permeability is poorer. The whole resin adhesive fine sand filter material has better water filtering performance, but the problem of overhigh cost is not beneficial to large-scale popularization and application. Therefore, the problem of poor water filtration or water permeability and high cost of a single material can be solved by constructing a water filtration functional layer of resin-bonded fine sand on the surface of the concrete permeable material. In order to reduce the operation difficulty and prolong the operable time, the resin adhesive is required to have lower viscosity; in order to ensure that the water filtering function layer can be fully and effectively bonded with the uncured pervious concrete pervious layer, the water filtering function layer can be cured in the presence of moisture or a small amount of moisture and has small influence on the mechanical strength of a product; has good adhesion with organic polymer fibers doped with a water filtration functional layer. In addition, since the product needs to be used outdoors, the resin adhesive is also required to have good weather resistance. Therefore, the selection of the adhesive meeting the requirements and the selection of a proper cloth sequence and a proper forming mode are very important for preparing the filtering functional materials with different structures.
In the invention, preferably, the sand-based material has a rectangular or square structure or a hollow double-layer cylinder with at least one water filtering functional layer and at least one water permeable functional layer, or has a sandwich structure with the water filtering functional layer coated on the periphery of the water permeable functional layer.
In the invention, preferably, the organic adhesive is modified epoxy resin, the modified epoxy resin has hydrophilicity and weather resistance, and compared with a cement gelled material, the organic adhesive can form a thin polymer organic bonding layer with a three-dimensional network structure on the surface of fine sand through a crosslinking reaction of a low-molecular linear polymer, so that the fine sand can achieve higher bonding strength.
In the present invention, preferably, the modified epoxy resin is one of hydrogenated bisphenol a epoxy resin, glycidyl ether or hydantoin epoxy resin, and the content thereof is 3% to 6% of the fine sand content.
In the present invention, it is preferable that the glycidyl ether is neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether or hexanediol diglycidyl ether, and the heterocyclic weather-resistant epoxy resin is a hydantoin resin.
In the invention, preferably, the modified curing agent is modified alicyclic polyamine, and the modified alicyclic polyamine comprises one or more of modified isophorone diamine, diaminocyclohexane, aminoethyl piperazine, hexahydropyridine and isofluridone diisocyanate in modified alicyclic polyisocyanate; the addition amount of the epoxy resin accounts for 25-40% of the amount of the epoxy resin.
In the invention, preferably, the organic polymer fiber is one or more of polypropylene fiber, polyacrylonitrile fiber or polyamide fiber, the length of the organic polymer fiber is 0.3-4cm, and the dosage range is 0.5-2kg/m3。
In the invention, preferably, the coarse stones are basalt broken stones and granite broken stones, the aggregate particle size is 2-10mm, the mud content is less than or equal to 1%, and the bone ash ratio is 3.5-4.5.
In the invention, preferably, in the third step, two sand-based materials can be respectively and sequentially placed in a stainless steel mold, then one of the modes of micro-frequency vibration molding, static pressure molding, or combination of micro-frequency vibration and static pressure molding or centrifugal molding is adopted for molding, then the sand-based materials are added into the stainless steel mold at least once, one of the modes of micro-frequency vibration molding, static pressure molding, or combination of micro-frequency vibration and static pressure molding or centrifugal molding is adopted again, the solidification molding is carried out at normal temperature, and the mold is removed after 24 hours to obtain the filtering functional materials of the micro-porous filtering surface layer and the macroporous water-permeable bottom layer, wherein the thickness ratio of the two layers is 1:1-1: 5.
In the present invention, preferably, the cement is portland cement, model nos. PO42.5 and PO 52.5.
In the invention, the water is preferably added in an amount of 0.25-0.45 of water-cement ratio, and can play a good role in filtering pores with the size of the order of micropores of the filtering and water-permeable material. The water filtering performance of the concrete permeable material can be improved by reducing the particle size of the aggregate, but the water permeability is reduced along with the water filtering performance. In addition, if cement is used as the cementing material, it is difficult to effectively bond fine sand of several hundred micrometers. When the proportion of the bone ash is reduced, the pores are occupied by the gel material, so that the porosity of the material is reduced; when the proportion of the ashes is increased, the adhesive strength is often low.
In the present invention, it is preferable that the inorganic fiber is basalt fiber, the diameter of the basalt fiber is 7 to 24 μm, and the amount thereof is in the range of 0.4 to 2.5kg/m3The inorganic fiber is most commonly glass fiber, the main component of the inorganic fiber is inorganic materials such as silicon dioxide, and the problem of weak bonding force between cement and other fiber fillers can be better solved when the glass fiber is blended in concrete. However, the glass fiber has good mechanical properties, but is brittle and has poor wear resistance, and when the glass fiber is used for stirring in the initial preparation process of a concrete permeable material, the glass fiber is easy to damage; the carbon fiber material has good flexibility, can be fully stirred with concrete raw materials, but has too high price and no practicability. Basalt fiber has good tensile strength and corrosion resistance and is in contact with silicateThe excellent properties of natural compatibility have received much attention from researchers in recent years. The basalt fiber and fiber product selected by the invention are high-performance fiber materials between carbon fiber and glass fiber, and the basalt fiber and fiber product are continuous fibers prepared from pure natural volcanic rock serving as a raw material and can be used as low-price substitutes of the carbon fiber.
In the invention, preferably, the water reducing agent is naphthalene water reducing agent, polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and melamine water reducing agent, and the dosage range is 0.7-3.5 per mill of the total material.
In the invention, preferably, the fine sand used by the precoated sand is desert aeolian sand or river sand in a river channel or sea sand after washing treatment, and the particle size of the fine sand is 75-550 μm.
In the present invention, it is preferable that the pigments are iron oxide red, phthalocyanine blue and chrome yellow inorganic pigments, which are 0.6 to 1.5% of the amount of fine sand added.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. good water filtration and water permeability: the fine sand water filtering layer selected by the invention has good water filtering effect, and the coarse stone water filtering layer has water permeable effect, and has long-acting water filtering effect and larger water permeable coefficient.
2. The product has good performance: according to the invention, the epoxy resin organic adhesive and the cement inorganic cementing material are respectively selected, so that two functional layers can be tightly combined. Meanwhile, corresponding organic polymer fibers and inorganic fibers are respectively added into each functional layer according to the similarity principle, so that the problem of weak bonding force of different material interfaces is solved, the effects of strengthening and toughening are achieved, and the product has good mechanical properties. Because the selected weather-resistant epoxy resin and the curing agent both have better light stability, the product has good weather resistance.
3. The shape and the structure of the product are adjustable: the preparation method provided by the invention can use different molds according to different requirements to realize the design of the shape and the structure of the product as required.
4. Energy conservation and environmental protection: the invention is operated at normal temperature in the preparation process of the product, sintering is not needed, the manufacturing cost is reduced, and the effect of protecting the environment is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a functional filter material in example 1.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a functional filter material in example 4.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a functional filter material in example 5.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a functional filter material in example 6.
Description of the main elements in the figures: 1-water filtering functional layer, 2-water permeable functional layer, 3-organic polymer fiber and 4-inorganic fiber.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When a component is referred to as being "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or intervening components may also be present. When a component is referred to as being "disposed on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or intervening components may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Example 1:
1. preparation method of water filtering functional layer material
500g of precoated sand is placed in a JJ-5 cement mortar stirrer to be stirred, 25g of hexanediol diglycidyl ether is used as an adhesive, 7.5g of matched polyetheramine modified isophorone diamine is used as a curing agent, 0.6g of polypropylene fiber (1cm) and 4g of inorganic pigment iron oxide red (Tianjin Body chemical Co., Ltd.) are fully stirred to obtain a water filtering functional layer material for later use.
2. Preparation method of water-permeable functional layer material
2000g of basalt macadam (3-8mm continuous gradation), 500g of ordinary portland cement PO42.5, 2g of basalt fiber chopped strand (4cm), 140g of water and 5.28g of polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent are placed in a JJ-5 cement mortar stirrer to be stirred, and the water permeable functional layer material is obtained after full stirring for later use.
3. Preparation method of water filtering and permeating composite material
Preparing the water-filtering and water-permeable composite material by adopting a micro-frequency vibration forming mode, firstly placing the water-filtering function layer material in a stainless steel mold (200 x 100 x 50mm), starting a concrete vibration table to vibrate for 35s, and stopping vibration. And adding the water-permeable functional layer material into the mold, continuously vibrating for 10s, turning over the mold and the uncured composite material together after 2h, and curing and molding at normal temperature without special maintenance. Demoulding after 24h to obtain the filtration function materials of the microporous filtration surface layer and the macroporous permeable bottom layer, wherein the thickness ratio of the two layers is 1.5:3.5, and the structure diagram is shown in figure 1.
Example 2:
1. preparation and method of water filtering functional layer material
Same as example 1
2. Preparation and method of water-permeable functional layer material
Same as example 1
3. Preparation and method of filtering functional material
Preparing the water-filtering and water-permeable composite material by adopting a static pressure forming mode, firstly placing the water-filtering function layer material into a stainless steel mould (200 x 100 x 50mm), starting a universal press machine, applying pressure of 1.5MPa, and lifting a pressure head after lasting for 5 min. And adding the water-permeable functional layer material into a mold, continuously applying pressure of 2MPa for 10min, turning over the mold and the uncured composite material together after 2h, and curing and molding at normal temperature without special maintenance. And demoulding after 24 hours to obtain the filtering functional materials of the microporous filtering surface layer and the macroporous permeable bottom layer, wherein the thickness ratio of the two layers is 1.5: 3.5.
Example 3:
1. preparation and method of water filtering functional layer material
Same as example 1
2. Preparation and method of water-permeable functional layer material
Same as example 1
3. Preparation and method of filtering functional material
Preparing the water-filtering and water-permeable composite material by adopting a mode of combining vibration molding and static pressure molding, placing the water-filtering functional layer material in a stainless steel mold (200 x 100 x 50mm), adding the water-permeable surface layer material into the mold, starting a concrete vibration table to vibrate, and simultaneously starting a universal press to apply pressure of 1.5MPa for 45 s. After 2 hours, turning over the die and the uncured composite material together, and curing and forming at normal temperature without special curing. Demoulding after 24h to obtain the filtration function materials of the microporous filtration surface layer and the macroporous permeable bottom layer, wherein the thickness ratio of the two layers is 1.5:3.5, and the structure diagram is shown in figure 1.
Example 4:
1. preparation and method of water filtering functional layer material
Placing 1000g of precoated sand in a JJ-5 cement mortar stirrer for stirring, taking 50g of hexanediol diglycidyl ether as an adhesive, taking 15g of matched polyether amine modified isophorone diamine as a curing agent, 1.2g of polyacrylonitrile fiber (1cm) and 10g of inorganic pigment phthalocyanine blue (Tianjin Bodi chemical Co., Ltd.), and fully stirring to obtain the water filtering functional layer material for later use.
2. Preparation and method of water-permeable functional layer material
Putting 1143g of granite macadam (2-7mm continuous gradation), 254g of ordinary portland cement PO52.5, 1.2g of basalt fiber chopped strand (4cm), 76.2g of water and 4.42g of polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent into a JJ-5 cement mortar stirrer for stirring, and fully stirring to obtain the water permeable functional layer material for later use.
3. Preparation and method of filtering function
Preparing the water-filtering and water-permeable composite material by adopting a micro-frequency vibration forming mode, firstly putting 50% of uniformly mixed water-filtering functional layer material into a stainless steel mold (200 x 100 x 50mm), starting a concrete vibration table to vibrate for 10s, and stopping vibration. And adding the water-permeable functional layer material into the mold, continuously vibrating for 10s, and stopping vibrating. And finally, placing the remaining 50% of uniformly mixed water filtering functional layer material in a stainless steel mold, continuously vibrating for 10s, and stopping vibrating. The normal temperature solidification molding does not need special maintenance, and after 24 hours, the three-layer filtering functional material with the upper and lower 1.5cm micropore filtering surface layers and the 2cm thick middle macroporous water-permeable functional layer is obtained, and the structure diagram is shown in figure 2.
Example 5:
1. preparation and method of water filtering functional layer material
1100g of precoated sand is placed in a JJ-5 cement mortar stirrer to be stirred, 55g of hexanediol diglycidyl ether is used as a bonding agent, 16.5g of matched polyether amine modified isophorone diamine is used as a curing agent, 1.3g of polypropylene fiber (1cm) and 11g of inorganic pigment chrome yellow (Tianjin Feng boat chemical reagent science and technology limited) are fully stirred to obtain a water filtering functional layer material for later use.
2. Preparation and method of water-permeable functional layer material
680g of basalt macadam (3-7mm continuous gradation), 170g of ordinary portland cement PO42.5, 0.8g of basalt fiber chopped strand (4cm), 51g of water and 2.7g of naphthalene-based superplasticizer are placed in a JJ-5 cement mortar stirrer to be stirred, and the water-permeable functional layer material is obtained after full stirring. The mixture was wrapped with basalt fiber scrim and placed in a 170 x 70 x 20mm plastic mold for 30min for future use.
3. Preparation and method of filtering functional material
Preparing a water-filtering and water-permeable composite material by adopting a micro-frequency vibration forming mode, firstly placing 54.54% of uniformly mixed water-filtering function layer material in a stainless steel die (200 x 100 x 50mm), placing a plate frame with the thickness of 170 x 70 x 20mm at the center of the die, enabling the distance between the plate frame and the bottom of the stainless steel die to be 1.5cm, starting a concrete vibration table to vibrate for 20s, and stopping vibration. The 170 x 70 x 20mm size blend wrapped with basalt fiber scrim was placed in a mold, the frame was removed and vibration continued for 10 seconds. And finally, distributing the residual 45.45 percent of water filtering functional layer material in a mold, starting vibration for 10s, and curing and forming at normal temperature without special maintenance. Demoulding after 24h to obtain the filtering functional material with a sandwich structure of a skeleton-like structure of a micropore filtering and wrapping layer with the thickness of 1.5cm and a macroporous water permeable functional layer with the thickness of 2cm, and the structure diagram is shown in figure 3.
Example 6:
1. preparation and method of water filtering functional layer material
Same as example 1
2. Preparation and method of water-permeable functional layer material
2000g of basalt macadam (3-8mm continuous gradation), 250g of ordinary portland cement PO42.5, 2g of basalt fiber chopped strand (4cm), 62.5g of water and 4.6g of polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent are placed in a JJ-5 cement mortar stirrer to be stirred, and the water permeable functional layer material is obtained after full stirring for later use.
3. Preparation and method of filtering functional material
Preparing the water-filtering and water-permeable composite material by adopting a centrifugal forming mode, and placing the water-permeable functional layer material in a stainless steel cylindrical barrel-shaped mould
Closing the upper cover, starting the centrifuge for 5min, stopping centrifugation, adding the water filtering functional layer material into the mold, closing the upper cover, continuing centrifugation for 1min, and curing and molding at normal temperature without special maintenance. Demoulding after 24h to obtain the filtration function material of the microporous filtration surface layer and the macroporous permeable bottom layer, wherein the wall thickness ratio of the two layers is 1:2, and the structure diagram is shown in figure 4.
Example 7:
1. preparation and method of water filtering functional layer material
500g of precoated sand is placed in a JJ-5 cement mortar stirrer to be stirred, 25g of aromatic waterborne polyurethane modified epoxy composite specific high polymer material emulsion, 7.5g of matched isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI is used as a curing agent, 0.6g of polypropylene fiber (1cm) and 4g of inorganic pigment iron oxide red (Tianjin Body chemical industry Co., Ltd.) are fully stirred to obtain the water filtration functional layer material for later use.
2. Preparation and method of water-permeable functional layer material
Same as example 1
3. Preparation and method of filtering functional material
Same as example 3
Comparative example 1:
1. preparation and method of water filtering functional layer material
500g of precoated sand is placed in a JJ-5 cement mortar stirrer to be stirred, 25g of hexanediol diglycidyl ether is used as a bonding agent, 7.5g of matched polyether amine modified isophorone diamine is used as a curing agent, and 4g of inorganic pigment iron oxide red (Tianjin Bodi chemical Co., Ltd.) is fully stirred to obtain a water filtering functional layer material for later use.
2. Preparation and method of water-permeable functional layer material
2000g of basalt macadam (3-8mm continuous gradation), 500g of ordinary portland cement PO42.5, 140g of water and 5.28g of polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent are placed in a JJ-5 cement mortar stirrer to be stirred, and the water-permeable functional layer material is obtained after full stirring for later use.
3. Preparation and method of filtering functional material
Same as example 3
Samples of the filter function materials prepared in examples 1 to 7 and comparative example 1 were subjected to compression strength, impact resistance, water filtration rate and water permeation rate tests according to the JG/T376 to 2012 standard, and the results thereof are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the test results of the four parameters in Table 1, the inventive examples 1-7 have achieved the performance requirements of compressive strength, impact resistance, water filtration rate and water permeability rate in the JG/T376-2012 standard.
The compression grade and the impact resistance times of the samples prepared in the examples 1 to 3 of the invention are higher than those of the sample prepared in the comparative example 1, which shows that the compression strength and the impact resistance of the filtering functional material can be improved by adding the organic polymer fiber and the inorganic fiber;
the filtration performance of the filter function material sample is influenced by different forming modes, namely, the compression strength grade is the highest, namely Cc40, the impact resistance is the highest, namely 12 times, the water filtration rate is the highest, namely 96.8%, and the water permeation rate is the highest, namely 3.94mL/(min cm) by adopting the static pressure forming mode in the example 2, namely the water permeation rate is the highest, namely 3.94mL/(min cm) by adopting the static pressure forming mode in the example 22)。
The water filtration rate of the samples prepared in examples 3-7 of the invention is higher than that of comparative example 1, but the water permeability rate is slightly smaller than that of comparative example 1, which shows that the larger the ratio of the water filtration functional layer to the water permeability functional layer is, the better the water filtration effect of the samples is, and the water permeability rate is reduced, and the water filtration functional layer in example 3 is: water permeable functional layer 1.5:3.5, drainage functional layer in example 4: water permeable functional layer 3:2, water filtration functional layer in example 5: water permeable functional layer 3:2, drainage functional layer in example 6: water permeable functional layer 1:2, drainage functional layer in example 7: the water-permeable functional layer was 1:2, and the ratio of the water-permeable functional layer to the water-filtering functional layer in examples 4 and 5 was at most 3:2, so that the water filtration rate in example 5 of example 4 was large, and was 97.9% and 98.8%, respectively.
The samples obtained in example 6 and example 7 of the present invention showed little difference in the compressive strength rating, impact resistance, water filtration rate and water permeability, i.e., the compressive strength rating in example 6 and example 7 was Cc30, the impact resistance in example 6 and example 7 was 10 times and 11 times, the water filtration rate in example 6 and example 7 was 95.6% and 96.0%, and the water permeability rate in example 5 and example 7 was 3.30mL/(min cm. respectively2) And 3.29mL/(min·cm2) The above experimental data show that both oily and aqueous epoxy resins can be made into products meeting the application requirements.
The above description is intended to describe in detail the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made within the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A preparation method of a sand-based material with a rapid water filtering function is disclosed, wherein the sand-based material consists of a water filtering functional layer and a water permeable functional layer, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, a preparation method of a water filtering functional layer material;
placing 500g-1200g of precoated sand in a cement mortar stirrer for stirring, adding 25g-60g of organic adhesive, then adding 7.5g-20g of modified curing agent, 0.6g-1.5g of organic polymer fiber and 4g-15g of pigment, and fully stirring to obtain a water filtering functional layer material for later use;
step two, a preparation method of a water-permeable functional layer material;
placing 600g-2000g of coarse carpolite, 150g-500g of cement, 0.5g-2g of inorganic fiber, 50g-140g of water and 2g-6g of water reducing agent in a cement mortar stirrer for stirring, and fully stirring to obtain a water permeable functional layer material for later use;
step three, a preparation method of the water-filtering and water-permeable composite material;
respectively adding two functional layer materials into a stainless steel mould at least once, after adding the functional layer materials each time, adopting one of micro-frequency vibration forming or static pressure forming or combination of micro-frequency vibration and static pressure forming or centrifugal forming, curing and forming at normal temperature, demoulding after 24h to obtain the water filtering and permeating composite material of the microporous water filtering functional layer and the macroporous water permeating functional layer, wherein the thickness ratio of the two layers is 1:1-1: 5;
the sand-based material has a rectangular or square structure with at least one water filtering functional layer and at least one water permeable functional layer, and a hollow double-layer cylinder or a sandwich structure with the water filtering functional layer wrapped around the water permeable functional layer as an inner layer;
the organic adhesive is modified epoxy resin, the modified epoxy resin is one or a mixture of more than two of hydrogenated bisphenol A epoxy resin or glycidyl ether or heterocyclic weather-resistant epoxy resin, and the content of the modified epoxy resin is 3% -6% of the amount of the precoated sand;
the glycidyl ether is neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether or hexanediol diglycidyl ether, and the heterocyclic weather-resistant epoxy resin is hydantoin resin;
the modified curing agent is modified alicyclic polyamine, the modified alicyclic polyamine has hydrophilicity and weather resistance, and the modified alicyclic polyamine comprises one or more of modified isophorone diamine, diaminocyclohexane, aminoethyl piperazine, hexahydropyridine and isofluridone diisocyanate in modified alicyclic polyisocyanate; the addition amount of the modified epoxy resin accounts for 25-40% of the amount of the modified epoxy resin.
2. The method for preparing the sand-based material with the rapid water filtering function according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the organic polymer fiber is one or more of polypropylene fiber, polyacrylonitrile fiber or polyamide fiber, and has a length of 0.3-4cm and a dosage range of 0.5-2kg/m3。
3. The method for preparing the sand-based material with the rapid water filtering function according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the coarse stones are basalt broken stones and granite broken stones, the aggregate grain size is 2-10mm, the mud content is less than or equal to 1%, and the bone ash ratio is 3.5-4.5.
4. The method for preparing the sand-based material with the rapid water filtering function according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the addition amount of the water is 0.25-0.45 of water-cement ratio.
5. The method for preparing the sand-based material with the rapid water filtering function according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the inorganic fiber is basalt fiber, and the inorganic fiber is basalt fiberThe basalt fiber has diameter of 7-24 μm, and its dosage range is 0.4-2.5kg/m3。
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