CN110491581B - 多功能防火通讯电缆及其铠装层安装工艺 - Google Patents

多功能防火通讯电缆及其铠装层安装工艺 Download PDF

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CN110491581B
CN110491581B CN201910792480.2A CN201910792480A CN110491581B CN 110491581 B CN110491581 B CN 110491581B CN 201910792480 A CN201910792480 A CN 201910792480A CN 110491581 B CN110491581 B CN 110491581B
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牛杰
谭斌
董飞
许冬
陈然然
韩海涛
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种多功能防火通讯电缆及其铠装层安装工艺，包括绝缘护套、位于绝缘护套内的铠装层、位于铠装层内的硅橡胶套、电力线缆和控制线芯，位于硅橡胶套内用于填充与间隙的矿物质绝缘层，铠装层包括沿硅橡胶套轴向均匀间隔套设的多个钢环、由绕包在钢套外的钢带形成的防护层，相邻两个钢环之间填充硅橡胶绝缘层，防护层的内壁与钢环的外壁抵接。本方案将铠装层设置钢环和钢带绕包结合，由于钢带的存在，其抗压能力得到有效提升，另外钢带由于是绕包的，在传统电缆的只有硅橡胶套时，由于硅橡胶套会产生径向形变，因此钢带容易被拉伸形变，其抗拉能力较弱；而本方案由于钢环本身抗压性较强，因此钢带不易被拉伸，电缆整体抗拉能力较强。

Description

多功能防火通讯电缆及其铠装层安装工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及电缆领域，特别涉及多功能防火通讯电缆及其铠装层安装工艺。
背景技术
铠装通信电缆机械保护层可以加到任何结构的电缆上，以增加电缆的机械强度，提高防侵蚀能力，是为易受机械破坏及易受侵蚀的地区而设计的电话电缆。可以采用任何一种方式敷设，更适用于岩石地区的直埋敷设。
目前的电缆结构如CN101174495A公开的一样，一种铠装数据电缆，包括缆芯和PVC护套，其特征在于，在每根缆芯外设有绝缘层，PVC护套设于带有绝缘层的缆芯外，在PVC护套外横向绕有铠装不锈钢带，在铠装不锈钢带外设有一层铜丝或钢丝编织的屏蔽层，在铜丝或钢丝编织的屏蔽层外设有外护套层。
铠装不锈钢带直接缠绕在PVC护套，PVC护套由于会产生径向形变，不锈钢带容易被拉伸形变，其抗拉能力较弱。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足，本发明的第一目的在于提供一种多功能防火通讯电缆，其抗压和抗拉能力较强。
本发明的上述技术目的是通过以下技术方案得以实现的：一种多功能防火通讯电缆，包括绝缘护套、位于绝缘护套内的铠装层、位于铠装层内的硅橡胶套、位于硅橡胶套内的电力线缆和控制线芯，位于硅橡胶套内用于填充间隙的矿物质绝缘层，所述铠装层包括沿硅橡胶套轴向均匀间隔套设的多个钢环、由绕包在钢套外的钢带形成的防护层，相邻两个钢环之间填充硅橡胶绝缘层，所述防护层的内壁与钢环的外壁抵接。
本方案将铠装层设置钢环和钢带绕包结合，由于钢带的存在，其抗压能力得到有效提升，另外钢带由于是绕包的，在传统电缆的只有硅橡胶套时，由于硅橡胶套会产生径向形变，因此钢带容易被拉伸形变，其抗拉能力较弱；而本方案由于钢环本身抗压性较强，因此钢带不易被拉伸，电缆整体抗拉能力较强。
进一步的，钢带的搭压率应大于50％且不超过53%。
搭压率一般控制在50％，其磁屏蔽效果较好，但是50％的比例比较难控制，搭压率越大成本越大，因此控制在搭压率应大于50％且不超过53%。
进一步的，钢带的绕包层数为2层。
进一步提升电缆的抗拉抗压强度以及磁屏蔽效果。
进一步的，所述钢环以任意一条经过圆心的线为中心线对称开设两个U型缝，该中心线沿钢环径向延伸。
该U型缝的开设使得U型缝内的钢环部分形成一个按压部，其可向内发生弯折抵接硅橡胶套从而将钢环固定在硅橡胶套上，方便钢环的安装；如果是才用套装的方式其工艺会比较复杂，如采用首尾断开的卡箍挤压而成，钢环的形状难以保证，效果较差。
进一步的，矿物质绝缘层为氢氧化铝膏状物。
氢氧化铝具有阻燃和绝缘两种功效。
本发明的第二目的在于提供一种多功能防火通讯电缆的铠装层安装工艺，其能够有效实现铠装层的安装，适合工业生产。
一种多功能防火通讯电缆的铠装层安装工艺，包括如下步骤：步骤1）按压U型缝内的按压部使得两个按压部向内弯折抵接硅橡胶套从而将钢环固定在硅橡胶套上；步骤2）电缆从圆筒状的模具内穿过，模具的内径与钢环外径相同，模具上端开设一注入口，通过注入口注入熔融的硅橡胶，电缆的头部通过钢绳牵引使得电缆从模具内穿出，之后硅橡胶冷却后形成硅橡胶绝缘层；步骤3）将钢带绕包在钢环外形成防护层。
本方案通过对钢环的特殊结构将其快速定位，之后将熔融的硅橡胶注入模具内，使得硅橡胶进入钢环之间的间隙以及按压部形成的空隙内，硅橡胶冷却将形成硅橡胶绝缘层，最后将钢带绕包在钢环外形成防护层，完成铠装层的快速安装；硅橡胶绝缘层将钢环连接并隔开，硅橡胶绝缘层同时起到抗压作用。
进一步的，橡胶内填充有矿物颗粒，矿物颗粒为黄铁矿颗粒，黄铁矿颗粒直径为0.5-1mm。
矿物颗粒可以有效提升抗压强度，同时黄铁矿的导磁率高，进一步提升磁屏蔽效果。
进一步的，模具的进口端开设有倒角。
倒角的设置方便钢环进入模具。
综上所述，本发明具有以下有益效果：本方案设计的电缆具有环保、无毒、抗干扰性强、抗压抗拉能力强，整体使用寿命长。
附图说明
图1为实施例的纵向剖视示意图；
图2为硅橡胶套与钢环、硅橡胶绝缘层的连接示意图；
图3为硅橡胶绝缘层形成示意图。
附图标记：1、绝缘护套；2、铠装层；21、钢环；211、U型缝；212、按压部；22、防护层；23、硅橡胶绝缘层；3、硅橡胶套；4、电力线缆；5、控制线芯；6、矿物质绝缘层；7、模具；71、注入口；72、倒角；8、钢绳。
具体实施方式
本具体实施例仅仅是对本发明的解释，其并不是对本发明的限制，本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改，但只要在本发明的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。
多功能防火通讯电缆，如图1，包括绝缘护套1、位于绝缘护套1内的铠装层2、位于铠装层2内的硅橡胶套3、位于硅橡胶套3内的电力线缆4和控制线芯5，位于硅橡胶套3内用于填充间隙的矿物质绝缘层6。电力线缆4设置四根，控制线芯5设置两根。
电力线芯由绞合铜线绕包云母带在挤包硅橡胶形成，控制线芯5由铜单芯挤包交联聚乙烯形成，绝缘护套1由低烟无卤阻燃聚烯烃挤包而成，矿物质绝缘层6为氢氧化铝膏状物。
如图1-2，铠装层2包括沿硅橡胶套3轴向均匀间隔套设的多个钢环21、由绕包在钢套外的钢带形成的防护层22，钢带的搭压率应大于50％且不超过53%，钢带的绕包层数为2层。钢环21以任意一条经过圆心的线为中心线对称开设两个U型缝211，该中心线沿钢环21径向延伸，U型缝211的开设使得U型缝211内的钢环21部分形成一个按压部212。相邻两个钢环21之间填充硅橡胶绝缘层23，硅橡胶绝缘层23由硅橡胶冷却后形成，硅橡胶内填充有矿物颗粒，矿物颗粒为黄铁矿颗粒，黄铁矿颗粒直径为0.5-1mm；防护层22的内壁与钢环21的外壁抵接。
其中多功能防火通讯电缆的铠装层2安装工艺如下：包括如下步骤：步骤1）按压U型缝211内的按压部212使得两个按压部212向内弯折抵接硅橡胶套3从而将钢环21固定在硅橡胶套3上；如图3，步骤2）模具7的进口端开设有倒角72，电缆从圆筒状的模具7进口端进入并从模具7内穿过，模具7的内径与钢环21外径相同，模具7上端开设一注入口71，通过注入口71注入熔融的硅橡胶和矿物颗粒的混合物，矿物颗粒为黄铁矿颗粒，黄铁矿颗粒直径为0.5-1mm，硅橡胶与矿物颗粒的体积比为2:1，电缆的头部通过钢绳8牵引使得电缆从模具7内穿出，之后硅橡胶冷却后形成硅橡胶绝缘层23；步骤3）将钢带绕包在钢环21外形成防护层22。

Claims (3)

1.一种多功能防火通讯电缆的铠装层安装工艺，多功能防火通讯电缆包括绝缘护套(1)、位于绝缘护套(1)内的铠装层(2)、位于铠装层(2)内的硅橡胶套(3)、位于硅橡胶套(3)内的电力线缆(4)和控制线芯(5)，位于硅橡胶套(3)内用于填充间隙的矿物质绝缘层(6)，所述铠装层(2)包括沿硅橡胶套(3)轴向均匀间隔套设的多个钢环(21)、由绕包在钢套外的钢带形成的防护层(22)，相邻两个钢环(21)之间填充硅橡胶绝缘层(23)，所述防护层(22)的内壁与钢环(21)的外壁抵接；钢带的搭压率应大于50％且不超过53%；钢带的绕包层数为2层；所述钢环(21)以任意一条经过圆心的线为中心线对称开设两个U型缝(211)，该中心线沿钢环(21)径向延伸；矿物质绝缘层(6)为氢氧化铝膏状物，其特征是，包括如下步骤：步骤1）按压U型缝(211)内的按压部(212)使得两个按压部(212)向内弯折抵接硅橡胶套(3)从而将钢环(21)固定在硅橡胶套(3)上；步骤2）电缆从圆筒状的模具(7)内穿过，模具(7)的内径与钢环(21)外径相同，模具(7)上端开设一注入口(71)，通过注入口(71)注入熔融的硅橡胶，电缆的头部通过钢绳(8)牵引使得电缆从模具(7)内穿出，之后硅橡胶冷却后形成硅橡胶绝缘层(23)；步骤3）将钢带绕包在钢环(21)外形成防护层(22)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的多功能防火通讯电缆的铠装层安装工艺，其特征是：硅橡胶内填充有矿物颗粒，矿物颗粒为黄铁矿颗粒，黄铁矿颗粒直径为0.5-1mm。
3.根据权利要求2所述的多功能防火通讯电缆的铠装层安装工艺，其特征是：模具(7)的进口端开设有倒角(72)。
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