CN110488490A - A kind of nearly eye display device of compact augmented reality - Google Patents
A kind of nearly eye display device of compact augmented reality Download PDFInfo
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- CN110488490A CN110488490A CN201910661603.9A CN201910661603A CN110488490A CN 110488490 A CN110488490 A CN 110488490A CN 201910661603 A CN201910661603 A CN 201910661603A CN 110488490 A CN110488490 A CN 110488490A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B27/0103—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising holographic elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/0123—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices increasing the field of view
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/0132—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising binocular systems
- G02B2027/0134—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising binocular systems of stereoscopic type
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Abstract
The present invention provides the nearly eye display device of several compact augmented realities, a kind of display device includes: light source: for providing illumination light；Spatial light modulator: for being loaded into computed hologram, being modulated the illumination light, generates modulation light field；Waveguide: for being coupled into, being transmitted to the illumination light and decoupling；Including being that plane wave is used to illuminate the spatial light modulator, and carries out the transmission of selectivity to the modulation light field by the illumination light decoupling, allows the 3D light field of diffraction to transmit, non-diffraction reflected light (namely zero order light) is prevented to transmit；AR eyepiece: the 3D light field is imaged.Several apparatus structures of the invention are simple, light compact, it can be achieved that the nearly eye AR hologram three-dimensional without zero order light interference of big visual field show or the augmented reality Three-dimensional Display based on binocular parallax or two dimension are shown.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the field of display technology of augmented reality, and in particular to a kind of nearly eye display dress of compact augmented reality
It sets.
Background technique
With the continuous development of science and technology, nearly eye augmented reality (Augmented Reality, AR) display gradually becomes one
Important field of research and application field are cleverly merged virtual information with real world by augmented reality, extensively
The multiple technologies means such as multimedia, three-dimensional modeling, real-time tracking and registration, intelligent interaction, sensing have been used, computer has been generated
The virtual informations analog simulation such as text, image, threedimensional model, music, video after, be applied in real world, two kinds of information
It complements one another, to realize " enhancing " to real world.
It realizes there are many modes that nearly eye AR is shown, it is a kind of to be realized by using micro-display and complicated eyepiece system
Nearly eye AR shows that the Three-dimensional Display that this mode is realized is binocular parallax Three-dimensional Display, and there are influx conflicts, and it is aobvious to wear such AR
Show that equipment can cause eye fatigue and dizziness, influences the experience of user；Another is using optical waveguide and coupling grating skill
Art realizes that nearly eye AR is shown, for complicated eyepiece system, volume and weight greatly reduces this mode, is current one
One of the developing direction of a important hair.Nearly eye AR Three-dimensional Display of the overwhelming majority based on optical waveguide is also binocular parallax three-dimensional at present
Display, however it remains influx collision problem is equally unfavorable for propagating and use.
Computer is combined with holography, is formed and is calculated holography.Holography is calculated, compared to traditional optical holographic, is had very
Big flexibility, advantage have:
(1) holographic recording and Three-dimensional Display of practical three-dimension object or virtual three-dimensional object can be achieved；
(2) hologram calculated is numerical data, facilitates storage, transmission and reusable；
(3) dynamic holographic Three-dimensional Display and color hologram Three-dimensional Display can be achieved.
In the Three-dimensional Display of dynamic holographic, use space optical modulator realizes the display of hologram, and zero order light is a kind of
It is not loaded into direct projection to spatial light modulator but the hologram modulates of spatial light modulator and the light that directly reflects, this
Kind light is mainly polarization state required for as illuminating the polarization state and spatial light modulator to the illumination light of spatial light modulator
Inconsistent and dot structure filling rate is insufficient, and there are caused by certain gap, be not eliminable a kind of existing between pixel
As.The amplitude type hologram realized by the way of off-axis gaussian beam in the prior art, reproduction image are to include zero order light, positive and negative level-one
Light and the advanced picture as caused by the dot structure of spatial light modulator.The influence of removal zero order light is usually to utilize 4f optical system
System is filtered, and is later watched filtered light field importing human eye using semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens.Although above-mentioned off-axis gaussian beam
The method of display solves the problems, such as zero order light and advanced picture interference, but due to the presence of 4f optical system, so that entire holographic
Three-dimensional display system becomes complicated and huge, and too complex is equally unfavorable for the realization that nearly eye AR is shown.In addition, advanced picture itself
Intensity it is very much, in any case, large effect will not be generated to display, can be ignored, and zero order light is one stronger
Light, eyesight may be damaged by being directly entered human eye.
Therefore existing display technology still needs to further Improvement.
In addition, OLED is self-emission device, can be used in increasing in the augmented reality 3D display technology based on binocular parallax
Strong reality intelligent glasses, but resolution ratio and light emission luminance under the conditions of current technology, heat dissipation problem are OLED for augmented reality
The limiting factor of intelligent glasses.MicroLED can be realized smaller pixel and higher resolution, and the yield rate of volume production is low at present,
Expensive is to restrict it an important factor for once pretty augmented reality intelligent glasses are applied.
The advantages that reflective spatial light modulator, such as LCOS have high resolution, and structure is compact, technical maturity, Neng Goushi
The augmented reality of existing high brightness is shown, is an important display device.
LCOS is reflective spatial light modulator, and when realizing augmented reality display, the light for needing to issue light source is collimated
LCOS is reflected by Amici prism afterwards, the use of Amici prism and collimation lens increases volume and weight, existing to enhancing
The display of real intelligent glasses is unfavorable, is the major issue for needing to solve.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of nearly eye display devices of compact augmented reality, including not using the plane wave of scattering film to shine
Scattering optical illumination in the case of the augmented reality holography 3D display device and use scattering film without zero order light interference of bright lower realization
Under binocular parallax 3D display.The present apparatus is light compact, can eliminate the influence of zero order light, it can be achieved that the nearly eye AR of big visual field is holographic
Three-dimensional or two dimension display.
In order to achieve the above object of the invention, the present invention uses a kind of the first following technical solution: compact augmented reality
Holographic nearly eye display device, shows for hologram three-dimensional, comprising:
Light source: for providing illumination light；
Spatial light modulator: for being loaded into computed hologram, being modulated the illumination light, generates modulation light field；
Waveguide: for being coupled into, being transmitted to the illumination light and decoupling；Including being plane wave by the illumination light decoupling
Selective transmission is carried out for illuminating the spatial light modulator, and to the modulation light field, allows the 3D light field of diffraction
Transmission prevents non-diffraction reflected light (namely zero order light) from transmiting；
AR eyepiece: the 3D light field is imaged.
The present invention also provides second of technical solution, the nearly eye display device of a kind of compact augmented reality, for realizing double
Visually poor 3D display or two dimension display, comprising:
Light source: for providing illumination light；
Waveguide: for being coupled into, being transmitted to the illumination light and decoupling；
Scattering film: being scattered to form scattering light for the light wave to the waveguide decoupling, and scattering light is used for reflective
Spatial light modulator is illuminated；
Reflective spatial light modulator: for being loaded into image, generation modulation light is modulated to the scattering light of illumination thereon
；
AR eyepiece: for the modulation light field to be imaged.
Preferably, the scattering film is pasted on one side on the optical element as decoupling region, another side be air or
Where being pasted on the optical element as decoupling region on the waveguide surface of the opposite in face, for export scattering light carry out illumination or
The scattering film is affixed on reflective spatial light modulator.
Preferably, light source of the present invention is point light source, issues divergent illumination light, point light source is using LED light source or swashs
Radiant, monochromatic source or R, G, B three-color light source.When wherein using laser light source, for by the light source of optical fiber decoupling, from optical fiber
Hair goes out to dissipate illumination light.
Preferably, spatial light modulator of the invention is reflective spatial light modulator, and it is holographic that calculating can be loaded into it
Figure, and the illumination light of illumination thereon is modulated, it is amplitude modulation or phase to the modulation format for shining illumination light thereon
Modulation is specifically amplitude type LCOS, DMD or phase type LCOS.
Preferably, AR eyepiece of the invention is imaged to described by the 3D light field of waveguide selective transmission, but to ring
Border light is not had an effect.Specifically, preferably free form surface AR eyepiece or body holographic lens.
Preferably, waveguide of the invention is manufactured by glass or resin or other materials transparent plate and as be coupled into,
The optical element (two optical elements are located at different location) in decoupling region is composed, and the optical element for being coupled into region will be described
Illumination light from light source is converted, and is coupled into the light into waveguide after being totally reflected several times, illuminates the decoupling region
Optical element after, converted by the decoupling optical element, the transformation light is plane wave, the direction of propagation and waveguide table
Face is vertical, and the reflective spatial light modulator is illuminated after decoupling.Wherein it is coupled into a section (tool that part is also possible to waveguide
Body refers to a section of plate, and a section of such as special-shaped waveguide, the light being coupled into through a section of waveguide meets complete after entering
Conditioned reflex is propagated) or volume holography or relief type oblique raster, and decoupling part can be volume holography
Or relief type oblique raster.
Plate of the invention can be made of the material of glass or resin or other high grades of transparency.
The transparent panel that the transparent plate of the present invention preferably uses transmitance to reach 95% or more.
When optical element use volume holography when, volume holography be reflective volume holography or
Transmission-type volume holography.
When optical element uses relief type oblique raster to tilt for reflective relief type oblique raster or transmission-type relief type
Grating, relief type oblique raster have angular selectivity and wavelength selectivity.
Preferably, when the optical element is volume holography, the volume holography is sense red, green, blue
The colored volume holography of three coloured light；Or to feel green, three monochromatic volume holographies for feeling blue are accurately right by feeling red
Position and the colored volume holography for stacking composition, or the two-piece type color solid holographic optical being made of two panels holographic optical elements (HOE)
Learn element, two kinds in one of optical volume holographic optical element sense red, green, blue light, and another optical volume holographic light
The another kind in element sense red, green, blue light is learned, is shown for sequential colorization；Or to feel a kind of individually volume holographic light of color of light
Element is learned, for realizing monochrome display；
Alternatively, when the optical element is relief type oblique raster, the relief type oblique raster be corresponding to red, it is green,
The relief type oblique raster of blue three-decker combines the anaglyph type oblique raster to be formed, and shows or feels for sequential colorization
A kind of relief type oblique raster of the single layer structure of diffraction light, for monochromatic display.
Preferably, the volume holography is reflective volume holography or transmission-type volume holographic optics member
Part meets Bragg diffraction condition, and diffraction only occurs according to certain way to the light for meeting wavelength requirement and angle requirement；
It is coupled into volume holography and decoupling volume holography in the waveguide, can all be transmission-type volume holographic element
Or all it is reflective volume holography or one is transmission-type volume holography and the other is reflective volume holographic
Optical element；Or the waveguide is special-shaped waveguide, the face of being coupled into is a section of special-shaped waveguide, and decoupling part is transmission-type
Volume holography or the inclination of reflective volume holography or transmission-type relief type oblique raster or reflective relief type
Grating.The part that is coupled into of waveguide of the invention can be the one of a reflective or transmission-type relief type oblique raster or waveguide
It is a to be coupled into face or reflective volume holography or transmission-type volume holography；The decoupling region can be reflection
Formula relief type oblique raster or transmission-type relief type oblique raster or reflective volume holography or transmission-type volume holographic light
Learn element.
When preferably, using volume holography, volume holography is by silver sensitive material, photopolymer sense
Luminescent material or the exposure of gelatin photosensitive material are made.
Preferably, the photosensitive material can feel one of red, green, blue color or a variety of.
Preferably, the device of the invention, may include one or more pieces reflecting mirror, polarizing film, attenuator, polarizing film etc. its
His optical device, is placed in light source and is coupled between region, so that optical system is more compact and the intensity of controllable light, is used for
Control turn back optical path or the adjusting parameters such as polarization state or light intensity.Optical device is configured according to actual use demand, Ke Yishe
It sets one or more.
Preferably, by the plane wave direct illumination reflective spatial light modulator of decoupling region decoupling, spatial light modulator
It is loaded into computed hologram, to realize holographic 3D display, or the scattering formed after film is scattered by the plane wave of decoupling region decoupling
Optical illumination reflective spatial light modulator, spatial light modulator is loaded into amplitude image, to realize that 2D is shown.
Preferably, display device of the invention can make left eye and right eye that two covering devices are respectively used to people, realize binocular
Augmented reality holography 3D or the nearly eye of 3D display or common 2D based on binocular parallax show.
The present apparatus implements process are as follows:
The divergent illumination light propagation issued from light source enters waveguide, anti-by volume holography 1 on waveguide sections 1
To diffraction, the condition that the direction of propagation of the plane wave of reversed diffraction meets waveguide and Air Interface is totally reflected is cut in waveguide
Be totally reflected on face 2, waveguide internal communication for several times after, by be located at waveguide sections 2 on reflective volume holography 2
Diffraction, diffraction light illuminates reflective spatial light modulator perpendicular to 2 backpropagation of waveguide sections after waveguide sections 1, reflective
The computed hologram that spatial light modulator is loaded into is modulated the plane wave of illumination thereon, modulation light backpropagation.It is reversed to pass
The direct zero order light reflected by reflective spatial light modulator in the modulation light broadcast is on waveguide sections 2 by volume holographic optics member
Reversed diffraction occurs for part 2, and the propagation angle of reversed diffraction light meets the angle conditions of waveguide and Air Interface total reflection, in waveguide
Inner total reflection is propagated；The propagation side for the diffraction 3D light field modulated in the modulation light of backpropagation by reflective spatial light modulator
To being unsatisfactory for the angular selectivity of the volume holography 2 on waveguide sections 2, directly transmit waveguide.Transmit waveguide
The diffraction light of carrying 3 d light fields information be imaged by AR eyepiece, human eye can be seen remotely located virtual 3D rendering and not by AR
The true environment image of eyepiece modulation, realizes that nearly eye AR hologram three-dimensional is shown.
Alternatively, the waveguide is a special-shaped waveguide, i.e. waveguide is coupled into the section that face is waveguide, comes from light
The divergent illumination light in source is coupled into face and is refracted into waveguide at this, and the propagation angle of light is greater than waveguide and air circle after refraction
Angle corresponding to total reflection condition occurs for face, is totally reflected on the surface of waveguide 1, and the light being coupled into is diverging light.Diverging light
To waveguide sections 2, the decoupling being located on waveguide sections 2 reflects reflected light travels after being totally reflected once on waveguide sections 1
The reversed diffraction of formula volume holography, the direction of propagation of reversed diffraction light is vertical with waveguide sections, and reversed diffraction light is
Plane wave, illuminates reflective spatial light modulator, the computed hologram that reflective spatial light modulator is loaded into illumination thereon
Plane wave is modulated, modulation light backpropagation.It is directly reflected by reflective spatial light modulator in the modulation light of backpropagation
Zero order light the reversed diffraction of volume holography is coupled out on waveguide sections 2, reversed diffraction light meets the item of the angle of total reflection
Part is propagated in waveguide；The spreading out comprising object 3D information modulated in the modulation light of backpropagation by reflective spatial light modulator
The direction of propagation for penetrating light is unsatisfactory for the angular selectivity of the decoupling volume holography on waveguide sections 2, directly transmits
Waveguide.The diffraction light for transmiting the carrying 3D field information of waveguide is imaged by AR eyepiece, and human eye can be seen remotely located virtual
3D rendering and the true environment image that do not modulated by AR eyepiece realize that nearly eye AR hologram three-dimensional is shown.
The divergent illumination light propagation issued from light source enters waveguide, anti-by volume holography 1 on waveguide sections 1
To diffraction, the condition that the direction of propagation of the plane wave of reversed diffraction meets waveguide and Air Interface is totally reflected is cut in waveguide
Be totally reflected on face 2, waveguide internal communication for several times after, by be located at waveguide sections 2 on reflective volume holography 2
Diffraction, diffraction light illuminate reflection type spatial light tune perpendicular to 2 backpropagation of waveguide sections after the scattering film on waveguide sections 1
Device processed, the bright scattering light thereon of amplitude image contrast that reflective spatial light modulator is loaded into are modulated, and modulation light reversely passes
It broadcasts.The light for meeting Bragg condition in scattering light is propagated in waveguide by reflective volume holography diffraction, and absolutely mostly
Number is unsatisfactory for the angular selectivity of volume holography 2 of the scattering light of Bragg diffraction condition on waveguide sections 2, directly
Transmit waveguide.The scattering light for transmiting the carrying 2D image information of waveguide is imaged by AR eyepiece, and human eye can be seen remotely located
Virtual image and the true environment image do not modulated by AR eyepiece, realize that nearly eye AR is shown.
Compared with prior art, the present invention beneficial effect is:
(1) present apparatus no setting is required traditional 4f system is filtered and is used for reflective spatial light modulator illumination light point
The light splitting piece or BS of light, whole device is more compact, can be used for holographic 3D display or the 3D display based on binocular parallax or 2D is aobvious
Show；
(2) by waveguide and the decoupling volume holography in waveguide, illumination and filtering dual function are realized,
It can be used for the augmented reality holography 3D display of no zero order light interference；
(3) waveguide, which is specifically formed, can be selected using multiple choices, more conducively enterprise according to practical material situation,
Flexibility is higher, more the control of adaptation actual cost；
(4) dress centers a scattering film or scattering film is affixed on reflective spatial light modulator, realizes scattering illumination
Common binocular parallax augmented reality 3D display or common 2D under bright show that flexibility ratio is big.
(5) this nearly eye AR hologram three-dimensional display device or common binocular parallax augmented reality 3D display or common 2D display dress
The of simple structure and strong practicability set, with important commercial application value.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 a is the front view of the nearly eye display device of compact augmented reality holography 3D of embodiment 1；
Fig. 1 b is a kind of implementation of AR eyepiece, is the side view of display device；
Fig. 1 c is another implementation of AR eyepiece, is the side view of display device；
Fig. 2 is the nearly eye display device schematic diagram of compact augmented reality holography 3D of embodiment 2；
Fig. 3 is the nearly eye display device schematic diagram of compact augmented reality holography 3D of embodiment 3；
Fig. 4 is the nearly eye display device schematic diagram of compact augmented reality holography 3D of embodiment 4；
Fig. 5 is the nearly eye display device schematic diagram of compact augmented reality holography 3D of embodiment 5
Fig. 6 is the nearly eye display device schematic diagram of compact augmented reality holography 3D of embodiment 6；
Fig. 7 is the nearly eye display device schematic diagram of augmented reality of the compact interference of embodiment 7.
Specific embodiment
Present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, so that scheme is clearer and more clear.It needs
It is noted that embodiment described below is intended to convenient for the understanding of the present invention, and any restriction is not played to invention protection scope
Effect.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of nearly eye display device of compact augmented reality holography 3D for implementing structure, waveguide are coupled into
The volume holography of partial volume holography and decoupling part all uses reflective volume holography, in figure
It does not include AR eyepiece part, this display device contains point light source 100, waveguide 101, reflective volume holography 102, instead
Penetrate the section 107 of formula volume holography 104, reflective spatial light modulator 103 and the waveguide provided.Waveguide uses one
Slab construction realizes that waveguide function, slab construction have thickness in conjunction with two optical elements, is the rectangular of a three-dimensional space
Body is made of six faces, and one of face in six faces is 107.
Point light source 100 is LED light source or the laser light source for being coupled into optical fiber, after the divergent illumination light issued enters waveguide,
By be located at waveguide sections 1 on 102 diffraction of volume holography, diffraction light be backpropagation plane wave, waveguide with
When incidence angle on the section 2 of air meets the angle conditions of total reflection, total reflection is realized.Plane wave inside waveguide carries out
After being totally reflected several times, 104 diffraction of volume holography being located on waveguide sections 2, diffraction light is backpropagation
Plane wave is vertically emitted from waveguide surface 1, reflective spatial light modulator 103 is illuminated, such as reflective LCoS or DMD.It is reflective
Spatial light modulator is loaded into computed hologram, modulates to illumination light, modulation light backpropagation, in the light of backpropagation comprising not by
Diffraction it is direct by reflective spatial light modulator reflect reflected light (zero order light) 106 and include object 3 d light fields information
Diffraction light 105.Reflected light 106 meets the Bragg angle alternative condition of reflective volume holography 104, and generation is reversely spread out
It penetrates, diffraction light is plane wave, total reflection condition is still met, along waveguide internal communication；Include object 3 d light fields information
Diffraction light 105 is unsatisfactory for the Bragg angle selectivity of reflective volume holography 104, from reflective volume holographic optics member
Part 104 appears.
Fig. 1 (b) gives a kind of implementation of AR eyepiece, is the side view of the display device.107 is in Fig. 1
The side 107 of waveguide.Wherein 108 be reflective body holographic lens, it can be achieved that the illumination light to specific direction specific wavelength carries out
The effect of convergence, so that the convergence of diffraction light 105 comprising 3D information transmitted from waveguide enters human eye, human eye, which can be seen, to be located at far
The reconstruction of hologram 3D virtual image of the amplification at place；Environment light impregnable can enter human eye, realize the nearly eye AR interfered without zero order light
Hologram three-dimensional is shown.
Fig. 1 (c) gives another implementation of AR eyepiece, is the side view of the display device.107 is in Fig. 1
Waveguide side 107.Wherein 110 be free form surface eyepiece, includes three pieces eyeglass.In order to simplify problem, only to diffraction light
The main direction of propagation is illustrated, from the diffraction light 105 of waveguide selective transmission by the second eyeglass 110- after the first eyeglass 110-1
It after 2 rear surface inverse imaging, is imaged using third eyeglass 110-3, the diffractive light field comprising object 3D field information converges
Poly- to enter human eye, the reconstruction of hologram 3D virtual image of remotely located amplification can be seen in human eye；Environment light passes through free form surface AR eyepiece
Eyeglass 110-2 and eyeglass 110-3 enter human eye, eyeglass 110-2 and eyeglass 110-3 are mutually compensated, so that environment light can not be by
Influence enters human eye, and realization is shown without the nearly eye AR hologram three-dimensional that zero order light is interfered.
In the present embodiment, it is coupled into decoupling volume holography using monochromatic source and monochromatic, it can be achieved that monochrome
The nearly eye AR hologram three-dimensional of no zero order light interference is shown；It is coupled into and decoupling volume holographic light using red, green, blue light source and monolithic colour
Learn the colour that element or three pieces stack be coupled into decoupling volume holography, it can be achieved that colour in such a way that timesharing show
Without zero order light interference nearly eye AR hologram three-dimensional show.
Wherein hologram is calculated as the known prior art, and which is not described herein again.
Embodiment 2
The volume holography for being coupled into part for present embodiments providing a kind of waveguide is transmission-type volume holographic optics member
Part, the display device when volume holography of decoupling part is reflective volume holography (does not include AR eyepiece, AR
Eyepiece can be schemed by the 1b in embodiment 1 or 1c schemes and principle is realized).As shown in Fig. 2, this display device includes: point light source 200,
Waveguide 201, transmission-type volume holography 202, reflective volume holography 204, reflective spatial light modulator 203
And the section 207 of the side of the waveguide provided.Point light source 200 is LED light source or the laser light source for being coupled into optical fiber, the diverging of sending
202 diffraction of transmission-type volume holography that illumination light is located on waveguide sections 1, diffraction light are the plane of forward-propagating
Wave, the incidence angle on the section 2 of waveguide and air meet total reflection condition, and the plane wave inside waveguide carries out complete several times
After reflection, 204 diffraction of reflective volume holography being located on waveguide sections 1, diffraction light is the flat of backpropagation
Surface wave is vertically emitted from waveguide surface 2, reflective spatial light modulator 203 is illuminated, such as reflective LCoS or DMD.Reflective sky
Between optical modulator be loaded into computed hologram, illumination light is modulated, modulation light backpropagation, comprising not spread out in the light of backpropagation
The direct reflected light (zero order light) 206 reflected by reflective spatial light modulator penetrated and spreading out comprising object 3 d light fields information
Penetrate light 205.Reflected light 206 meets the Bragg angle alternative condition of reflective volume holography 204, and generation is reversely spread out
It penetrates, diffraction light still meets total reflection condition, along waveguide internal communication；Diffraction light 205 comprising object 3D field information is not
The Bragg angle alternative condition for meeting reflective volume holography 204, thoroughly from reflective volume holography 204
Out.No zero level can be realized in the AR eyepiece of the light field of the carrying object 3D field information appeared by (b) in example 1 or (c)
The nearly eye AR hologram three-dimensional of light interference is shown.Likewise, can realize the colored nearly eye without zero order light interference using time division way
AR hologram three-dimensional is shown.
Embodiment 3
A kind of volume holography for being coupled into part for providing waveguide of the present embodiment is reflective volume holographic optics member
Part, the display device when volume holography of decoupling part is transmission-type volume holography (does not include AR eyepiece, AR
Eyepiece can be schemed by the 1b in embodiment 1 or 1c schemes and principle is realized).As shown in Figure 3, comprising: point light source 300, waveguide 301, instead
Penetrate formula volume holography 302, transmission-type volume holography 303, reflective spatial light modulator 304 and the wave provided
The section 307 for the side led.Point light source 300 is LED light source or the laser light source for being coupled into optical fiber, and the divergent illumination light of sending enters
After waveguide, 302 diffraction of reflective volume holography being located on waveguide sections 1, diffraction light is the flat of backpropagation
Surface wave, the incidence angle on the section 2 of waveguide and air meet total reflection condition, and the plane wave inside waveguide carries out several times
After total reflection, 303 diffraction of volume holography being located on waveguide sections 1, diffraction light forward-propagating, vertically from waveguide
It is emitted on face, reflective spatial light modulator 304 is illuminated, such as reflective LCoS or DMD.Reflective spatial light modulator is loaded into meter
Hologram is calculated, illumination light is modulated, modulation light backpropagation, it is direct reflective comprising not being diffracted in the light of backpropagation
The reflected light 305 that spatial light modulator reflects and the diffraction light 306 comprising object 3D field information.It is complete that reflected light 305 meets body
The Bragg angle alternative condition of optical element 303 is ceased, by generation diffraction, diffraction light still meets total reflection condition, along wave
Lead internal communication；Diffraction light 306 comprising object 3D field information is unsatisfactory for the Bragg angle choosing of volume holography 303
Selecting property is appeared from volume holography 303 and by waveguide.The diffraction light of the carrying object 3D field information appeared passes through reality
(b) in example 1 or AR eyepiece realization (c) are shown without the nearly eye AR hologram three-dimensional that zero order light is interfered.Likewise, using time-division side
Formula can realize that the colored nearly eye AR hologram three-dimensional without zero order light interference is shown.
For the propagation for illustrating light wave being more easier, reflective spatial light modulator 304 and transmission-type described in Fig. 3
There are certain distance between volume holography 303, it both actually can be and to be located next to, to obtain overall compact
Display device.
Embodiment 4
Unlike previous embodiment, being coupled into volume holography in the waveguide of the display device of the present embodiment is
Penetrate formula volume holography, display device situation is not (when decoupling volume holography is transmission-type volume holography
Comprising AR eyepiece, AR eyepiece can be schemed by the 1b in embodiment 1 or 1c schemes and principle is realized).Including: point light source 400, waveguide
401, transmission-type volume holography 402, transmission-type volume holography 403 and is given reflective spatial light modulator 404
The section 407 of the side of waveguide out.Point light source 400 be LED light source or be coupled into optical fiber laser light source issue divergent illumination light,
402 diffraction of transmission-type volume holography being located on waveguide sections 1, diffraction light is the plane wave of forward-propagating, in wave
The incidence angle led on the section 2 with air meets total reflection condition, is totally reflected, and the plane wave inside waveguide carries out several
After secondary total reflection, 403 diffraction of transmission-type volume holography being located on waveguide sections 2, diffraction plane wave forward direction is passed
It broadcasts, is vertically emitted from waveguide surface 2, reflective spatial light modulator 404 is illuminated, such as reflective LCoS or DMD.Reflective spatial
Optical modulator is loaded into computed hologram, modulates to illumination light, modulation light backpropagation, comprising not being diffracted in the light of backpropagation
It is direct by reflective spatial light modulator reflect reflected light (zero order light) 405 and the diffraction comprising object 3 d light fields information
Light 406.Reflected light 405 meets the Bragg angle alternative condition of transmission-type volume holography 403, and diffraction, diffraction occurs
Light still meets total reflection condition, along waveguide internal communication；It is complete that diffraction light 406 comprising object 3D field information is unsatisfactory for body
The Bragg angle selectivity for ceasing optical element 403, appears from transmission-type volume holography 403 and by waveguide.It appears
Carrying object 3D field information diffraction light AR eyepiece realization by (b) in example 1 or (c) interfered without zero order light it is close
Eye AR hologram three-dimensional is shown.Likewise, can realize the colored nearly eye AR hologram three-dimensional without zero order light interference using time division way
Display.
For the propagation for illustrating light wave being more easier, reflective spatial light modulator 404 and transmission-type described in Fig. 4
There are certain distance between volume holography 403, it both actually can be and to be located next to, to obtain overall compact
Display device.
Embodiment 5
Unlike previous embodiment, the waveguide of the display device of the present embodiment is irregular waveguide, and irregular waveguide 1 is cut
Face as being coupled into region, display device situation using reflective volume holography as decoupling element (not comprising AR eyepiece,
AR eyepiece can be schemed by the 1b in embodiment 1 or 1c schemes and principle is realized).Including: point light source 500, irregular waveguide 501, instead
Penetrate formula volume holography 502, the section 506 of the side of reflective spatial light modulator 503 and the waveguide provided.Point light source
500 be LED light source or the laser light source for being coupled into optical fiber, and the divergent spherical wave issued is coupled into face 501-1 in special-shaped waveguide and occurs
It is refracted into waveguide, the condition of waveguide and the total reflection of air section is met into the direction of propagation of the light of waveguide, in waveguide and sky
It is totally reflected on gas section 2, the reflective volume holography that the light wave after reflection is primary is located on waveguide sections 2
502 reversed diffraction, the plane wave backpropagation of diffraction, are vertically emitted from waveguide sections 1, illuminate Reflective spatial light modulation
Device 503, such as reflective LCoS or DMD.Reflective spatial light modulator is loaded into computed hologram, modulates to illumination light, modulation light
Backpropagation, the direct reflected light (zero reflected by reflective spatial light modulator in the light of backpropagation comprising not being diffracted
Grade light) 504 and the diffraction light 505 comprising object 3 d light fields information.Reflected light 504 meets the cloth of volume holography 502
Glug angle Selection condition, by generation diffraction, diffraction light still meets total reflection condition, along waveguide internal communication, and from coupling
Enter face 505-1 and is emitted to free space；Diffraction light 505 comprising object 3D field information is unsatisfactory for reflective volume holographic optics member
The Bragg angle selectivity of part 502, appears from reflective volume holography 502 and by waveguide.The belongings appeared
The diffraction light of body 3D information realizes the nearly eye AR hologram three-dimensional interfered without zero order light by (b) in example 1 or AR eyepiece (c)
Display.Likewise, can realize that the colored nearly eye AR hologram three-dimensional without zero order light interference is shown using time division way.
Embodiment 6
Unlike previous embodiment, the waveguide of the display device of the present embodiment is irregular waveguide, with irregular waveguide 2
Face is coupled into as region is coupled into, the display device situation using reflective volume holography as decoupling element (does not include AR
Eyepiece, AR eyepiece can be schemed by the 1b in embodiment 1 or 1c schemes and principle is realized).Including: point light source 600, irregular waveguide
601, reflective volume holography 602, the section 606 of the side of reflective spatial light modulator 603 and the waveguide provided.
Point light source 600 is LED light source or the laser light source 600 for being coupled into optical fiber, and the divergent illumination light issued is coupled into face in special-shaped waveguide
601-1 is refracted into waveguide, and the condition of waveguide and the total reflection of air section, In are met into the propagation angle of the light of waveguide
It is totally reflected on waveguide and air section 2, the reflective volume holographic light that the light wave after reflection is primary is located on waveguide sections 2
The reversed diffraction of element 602 is learned, the plane wave backpropagation of diffraction is vertically emitted from waveguide sections 1, illuminates Reflective spatial
Optical modulator 603, such as reflective LCoS or DMD.Reflective spatial light modulator is loaded into computed hologram, modulates to illumination light,
Modulation light backpropagation, the direct reflection reflected by reflective spatial light modulator in the light of backpropagation comprising not being diffracted
Light 604 and diffraction light 605 comprising object 3 d light fields information.Reflected light 604 meets Prague of volume holography 602
Diffraction occurs for angle Selection condition, and diffraction light still meets total reflection condition, along waveguide internal communication, and from being coupled into face
605-1 is emitted to free space；Diffraction light 605 comprising object 3D field information is unsatisfactory for reflective volume holography
602 angular selectivity is appeared from reflective volume holography 602 and by waveguide.The carrying object 3D light field appeared
The diffractive light field of information realizes that the nearly eye AR hologram three-dimensional interfered without zero order light is aobvious by (b) in example 1 or AR eyepiece (c)
Show.Likewise, can realize that the colored nearly eye AR hologram three-dimensional without zero order light interference is shown using time division way.
The compact realized using relief type oblique raster is without the nearly eye display dress of augmented reality holography 3D that zero order light is interfered
The scheme set uses special-shaped waveguide or volume holographic grating form similar with above-mentioned, repeats no more.
The display device of the specific component of replacement in any of the above-described embodiment of the invention or spirit, it is possible to provide two sets aobvious
Showing device is respectively used to the left eye and right eye of people, realizes that the nearly eye of augmented reality holography 3D without zero order light interference of binocular is shown.
Embodiment 7
The present embodiment provides a kind of schematic diagrams of display device 1 as described in 7.Fig. 7 is that the display device (does not include eyepiece
Part) schematic diagram, include light source 700, waveguide 701, reflective volume holography 702, reflective volume holographic optics member
Part 705, scattering film 704, reflective spatial light modulator 703.Light source is LED or laser light source, and laser light source is to be coupled into optical fiber
Light source, by optical fiber head issue divergent illumination light.Divergent illumination light from light source 700 is by reflecting HOE 702
Reversed diffraction, diffraction light are plane wave, and the direction of propagation meets the total reflection condition in waveguide and Air Interface, inside waveguide
By the reversed diffraction of reflective volume holography 705 after propagating several times, diffraction light is the plane wave propagated perpendicular to waveguide surface,
Reflective spatial light modulator 703 is illuminated after scattering film 704, reflective spatial light modulator is loaded into image, to illumination light
Modulation, modulated light travel back through scattering film.Reflective spatial light modulator and scattering film, which can be, to be located next to.It takes
The direction of 706 sub-fraction light of scattering light with image information meets the angular selectivity of reflective volume holography 705
It is reversed diffraction, in waveguide internal communication, and multiple scattering angular big absolutely is unsatisfactory for the angle of reflective volume holography 705
Degree selectivity is appeared from waveguide, and the scattering light appeared is 706, carries image information.
Using R, G, B light source timesharing illumination is shown, it can be achieved that color lighting for colored.
Referring to Fig. 1 (b) and Fig. 1 (c).
The 1 (b) of the present embodiment is the implementation 1 of augmented reality eyepiece, the side view as described Fig. 7.107 be waveguide
Side, human eye is entered by convergence after reflective body holographic lens from the scattering light 105 of the carrying image information of waveguide decoupling
109, human eye is the virtual image it can be seen that remotely located amplification, and environment light can be interference-free by reflective holographic lens into
Enter human eye and realizes that augmented reality is shown.
Fig. 1 (c) is the implementation 2 of augmented reality eyepiece, the side view as described Fig. 7.107 be the side of waveguide,
110 be free form surface augmented reality eyepiece.For simplified problem, it is illustrated imaging process to scatter the main direction of propagation of light, from
The scattering light 105 of the carrying image information of waveguide decoupling passes through the first eyeglass 110-1 of augmented reality eyepiece 110, by the second mirror
Human eye is entered by the front surface reflection imaging of third eyeglass 110-3 after the rear surface catoptric imaging of piece 110-2, human eye can be seen
Remotely located two dimensional image, environment light enter human eye by two eyeglasses of 110-3 and 110-2 of augmented reality eyepiece 110, no
Change is generated, realizes that augmented reality is shown.
The display device of the present embodiment 7, it is possible to provide two sets of display devices are respectively used to the left eye and right eye of people, and realization is based on
The nearly eye Three-dimensional Display of the augmented reality of binocular parallax or two dimension display.
In the present embodiment 7, if the scattering film removed, the plane wave illumination reflection type spatial light of decoupling is directly used
Modulator can be used for hologram three-dimensional and show, the volume holography filtering that wherein zero order light of backpropagation will be coupled out,
It realizes and is shown without zero order light interference hologram three-dimensional；
Scattering film in the present embodiment 7, is replaced with polymer dispersed liquid crystals, in the case that polymer dispersed liquid crystals is not powered
It is dispersion shape in the case where power-up for transparence.It can be realized by being powered on the state of not powered control polymer dispersed liquid crystals
The augmented reality two dimension commonly projected is shown or what the Three-dimensional Display based on binocular parallax or augmented reality hologram three-dimensional were shown cuts
It changes.
Scattering film in the present embodiment 7 can be used in six examples above-mentioned, for reflective decoupling optical element, institute
The another side (close to the decoupling face of the waveguide of reflective spatial light modulator) that scattering film can be attached at waveguide is stated, so that decoupling
Plane wave illumination generates scattering light for illuminating reflective spatial light modulator thereon, or for transmission-type decoupling optical element,
Scattering film can be directly affixed on thereon, and total reflection light forms scattering light or scattering film after transmission-type decoupling element, that is, scattering film
It is attached on reflective spatial light modulator, reaches Reflective spatial after the plane wave illumination scattering film of decoupling region decoupling
Optical modulator realizes common scattered light intensity modulation, aobvious for the common nearly eye augmented reality three-dimensional based on binocular parallax
Show or common augmented reality two dimension is shown.
Volume holography described in examples detailed above and scattering film, with a thickness of micron dimension, almost to integral thickness
Do not have an impact, and waveguide with a thickness of millimeter magnitude, compared to the thickness centimetres for using Amici prism, size reduces
One magnitude has great importance to the volume and weight for reducing augmented reality intelligent glasses.
It should be appreciated that the concrete methods of realizing of various exemplary means above-mentioned can use various modes to realize, example
Such as, in some embodiments, aforementioned various methods can use software and/or firmware module to realize, also can use hard
Part module is realized.Currently known or exploitation in the future other modes be also it is feasible, the scope of the present invention is in this regard not
It is restricted.Particularly, in addition to hardware embodiment, embodiments of the present invention can be by way of computer program product
It realizes.
It should be noted that embodiments of the present invention can be realized by the combination of hardware, software or software and hardware.
Hardware components can use special logic to realize；Software section can store in memory, by instruction execution system appropriate
System, such as microprocessor or special designs hardware execute.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that above-mentioned device
Computer executable instructions can be used and/or be included in the processor control code with method and realize, such as in such as magnetic
Disk, the mounting medium of CD or DVD-ROM, such as read-only memory (firmware) programmable memory or such as optics or electricity
Such code is provided in the data medium of subsignal carrier.The device of the invention and its module can be by such as ultra-large
The semiconductor or such as field programmable gate array of integrated circuit or gate array, logic chip, transistor etc. can be compiled
The hardware circuit realization of the programmable hardware device of journey logical device etc., can also be soft with being executed by various types of processors
Part is realized, can also be realized by the combination such as firmware of above-mentioned hardware circuit and software.
It should be noted that although being referred to several modules or submodule of device in the above detailed description, this stroke
Divide only not enforceable.In fact, embodiment according to the present invention, the feature of two or more above-described modules
It can be realized in a module with function.Conversely, the feature and function of an above-described module can be with further division
To be embodied by multiple modules.
Although describing the present invention by reference to the embodiment being presently contemplated that, it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to
Disclosed embodiment.On the contrary, the present invention is directed to cover in spirit and scope of the appended claims included various repair
Change and equivalent arrangements.The scope of the following claims meets most broad interpretation, to include all such modifications and equivalent knot
Structure and function.
The foregoing is merely preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, are not limited to the disclosure, although referring to aforementioned reality
Example is applied the disclosure is described in detail, it for those skilled in the art, still can be to aforementioned each implementation
Technical solution documented by example is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features.All essences in the disclosure
Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should be included within the protection scope of the disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of holographic nearly eye display device of compact augmented reality characterized by comprising
Light source: for providing illumination light；
Spatial light modulator: for being loaded into computed hologram, being modulated the illumination light, generates modulation light field；
Waveguide: for being coupled into, being transmitted to the illumination light and decoupling；Including the illumination light decoupling is used for for plane wave
The spatial light modulator is illuminated, and to the transmission for carrying out selectivity through the modulated light field of spatial light modulator, is permitted
Perhaps the 3D light field transmission of diffraction, prevents non-diffraction reflection light transmission；
AR eyepiece: the 3D light field is imaged.
2. a kind of nearly eye display device of compact augmented reality characterized by comprising
Light source: for providing illumination light；
Waveguide: for being coupled into, being transmitted to the illumination light and decoupling；
Scattering film: being scattered to form scattering light for the light wave to the waveguide decoupling, and scattering light is used for Reflective spatial
Optical modulator is illuminated；
Reflective spatial light modulator: for being loaded into image, intensity modulated is carried out to the scattering light of illumination thereon and generates modulation light
；
AR eyepiece: for the modulation light field to be imaged.
3. a kind of nearly eye display device of compact augmented reality according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the light
Source is point light source, issues divergent illumination light；
The point light source be LED light source or by optical fiber head issue divergent illumination light optical fiber-coupled laser light source or monochromatic source or
R, G, B three-color light source.
4. a kind of nearly eye display device of compact augmented reality according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the sky
Between optical modulator be reflective spatial light modulator, and illumination illumination light thereon is modulated, the form of the modulation is
Amplitude modulation or phase-modulation.
5. a kind of nearly eye display device of compact augmented reality according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that described
AR eyepiece is free form surface AR eyepiece or body holographic lens.
6. a kind of nearly eye display device of compact augmented reality according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the wave
It leads and is formed including a transparent plate and two respectively as the optical element for being coupled into region, decoupling region, be coupled into the light in region
It learns element to convert the illumination light from light source, is coupled into the light into the plate of waveguide by being totally reflected several times
Afterwards, the optical element for illuminating the decoupling region is converted by the decoupling optical element, and the transformation light is plane
Wave, the direction of propagation is vertical with waveguide surface, and the plane wave that the reflective spatial light modulator or decoupling are illuminated after decoupling passes through
Reflective spatial light modulator described in scattering optical illumination after scattering film scattering；Or the optical element being coupled into is the flat of waveguide
One section of plate or volume holography or relief type oblique raster；The optical element of the decoupling is volume holography
Or relief type oblique raster.
7. a kind of nearly eye display device of compact augmented reality according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the optics member
When part is volume holography, the volume holography is the monolithic colour volume holographic optics for feeling red, green, blue three coloured light
Element；Or to feel green, feeling three monochromatic volume holography accurate contrapositions of blue and stack the three-chip type of composition by feeling red
Colored volume holography, or the two-piece type colour volume holography being made of two panels holographic optical elements (HOE), it is therein
Two kinds in one optical volume holographic optical element sense red, green, blue light, and another optical volume holographic optical element sense is red, it is green,
Another kind in blue light is used for sequential colorization 3D display；Or to feel a kind of individually volume holography of color of light, for real
Existing monochrome 3D display；
Alternatively, the relief type oblique raster is corresponding to red, green, blue when the optical element is relief type oblique raster
The relief type oblique raster of three-decker combines the anaglyph type oblique raster to be formed.
8. a kind of nearly eye display device of compact augmented reality according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the optics member
When part is volume holography, the volume holography is reflective volume holography or transmission-type volume holographic light
Element is learned, Bragg diffraction condition is met, only to meeting the light of preset wavelength demand and predetermined angle demand according to preset condition
Diffraction occurs；
Alternatively, the volume holography of the volume holography being coupled into and decoupling, is all transmission-type volume holographic optics
Element, or all it is reflective volume holography or one is transmission-type volume holography and the other is reflective body
Holographic optical elements (HOE)；
Alternatively, the waveguide is special-shaped waveguide, the face of being coupled into is a section of special-shaped waveguide, and decoupling part is that transmission-type body is complete
Cease optical element or reflective volume holography or relief type oblique raster；
Alternatively, the region that is coupled into of the waveguide can be a reflective or transmission-type relief type oblique raster or waveguide
One is coupled into face or reflective or transmission-type volume holography；Alternatively, the decoupling region can be it is reflective or saturating
Penetrate formula relief type oblique raster or reflective or transmission-type volume holography.
9. a kind of nearly eye display device of compact augmented reality according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that its feature
It is, also includes one or more pieces polarizing film, wave plate, reflecting mirror, attenuator or other optical devices, be placed in the light source
Be coupled between region.
10. a kind of nearly eye display device of compact augmented reality, which is characterized in that it is any to contain two sets of such as claim 1-2
The display device respectively corresponds the left eye and right eye of human body, and the nearly eye AR hologram three-dimensional for realizing binocular is shown or double
Visually poor 3D display.
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| CN110954983A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-04-03 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Colored light waveguide structure and display device |
| CN111025657A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-17 | 瑞声通讯科技(常州)有限公司 | Near-to-eye display device |
| CN111175983A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-05-19 | 北京航空航天大学 | Compact near-to-eye holographic augmented reality 3D display system based on volume holographic optical element |
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| CN111175983A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-05-19 | 北京航空航天大学 | Compact near-to-eye holographic augmented reality 3D display system based on volume holographic optical element |
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