CN110487328B - Standing wave resonance aging device and method of high-power input coupler - Google Patents
Standing wave resonance aging device and method of high-power input coupler Download PDFInfo
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- CN110487328B CN110487328B CN201910748468.1A CN201910748468A CN110487328B CN 110487328 B CN110487328 B CN 110487328B CN 201910748468 A CN201910748468 A CN 201910748468A CN 110487328 B CN110487328 B CN 110487328B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing waveguides or resonators, lines, or other devices of the waveguide type
Abstract
The invention relates to a standing wave resonance aging device and a method of a high-power input coupler, which are characterized by comprising a first pulling short-circuiting device, a second pulling short-circuiting device and an adjustable secondary coupler, wherein the first pulling short-circuiting device is connected with the second pulling short-circuiting device; the first pull short-circuiting device is connected with a non-vacuum end of the first high-power input coupler and the adjustable secondary coupler, the vacuum end of the first high-power input coupler is connected with the vacuum end of the second high-power input coupler, the non-vacuum end of the second high-power input coupler is fixedly connected with the second pull short-circuiting device, and the adjustable secondary coupler is also fixedly connected with a radio-frequency power source; the first pulling short-circuit device, the second pulling short-circuit device, the first high-power input coupler, the second high-power input coupler and the two metal short-circuit plates form a movable coaxial standing wave resonant cavity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a standing wave resonance aging device and method of a high-power input coupler, belonging to the field of accelerators.
Background
In the field of accelerators, coaxial high power input couplers are commonly used to provide energy from a radio frequency power source to a radio frequency acceleration cavity. Before the high-power input coupler is formally installed in a radio frequency cavity, offline aging is needed to improve the actual operation stability. The common coupler off-line aging modes are traveling wave aging and standing wave aging, and in order to reduce the power required by the off-line aging method, a traveling wave resonant ring device is generally adopted, but the structure of the device is complex, the power gain is low, and the gain is generally only about 20 times. In recent years, researchers in the fermi laboratory of the united states have proposed a standing wave partial resonance type device which includes a total reflection movable short circuit plate and a partial reflection movable reflection plate, and thus complete standing wave resonance cannot be formed and the power gain is only 3 to 4 times.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a standing wave resonant aging apparatus and method for a high power input coupler with high power gain and simple and reliable structure.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a standing wave resonance aging device of a high-power input coupler is characterized by comprising a first pulling short-circuiting device, a second pulling short-circuiting device and an adjustable secondary coupler; one end of the first pull short-circuiting device is respectively connected with a non-vacuum end of a first high-power input coupler and one end of the adjustable secondary coupler, the vacuum end of the first high-power input coupler is connected with the vacuum end of a second high-power input coupler, the non-vacuum end of the second high-power input coupler is fixedly connected with the second pull short-circuiting device, and the other end of the adjustable secondary coupler is fixedly connected with a radio frequency power source; the first pulling short-circuit device and the second pulling short-circuit device are respectively connected with a metal short-circuit plate in a sliding mode, the two metal short-circuit plates are of a disc structure with a through hole in the middle, the distance between the two metal short-circuit plates is an integral multiple of half wavelength of an electromagnetic field, the first pulling short-circuit device, the second pulling short-circuit device, the first high-power input coupler, the second high-power input coupler and the two metal short-circuit plates form a movable coaxial standing wave resonant cavity, the first pulling short-circuit device and the second pulling short-circuit device are used for limiting axial distribution length and position of a resonant field in the coaxial standing wave resonant cavity, and the adjustable secondary coupler is used for feeding electromagnetic wave power transmitted by the radio frequency power source to the coaxial standing wave resonant cavity.
Further, the first pulling short-circuit device and the second pulling short-circuit device also comprise a first conductor, a second conductor and a pull rod, wherein each of the first conductor and the second conductor is of a tubular structure; the outer side of each first conductor is sleeved with a corresponding second conductor, a corresponding metal short circuit plate is inserted in the outer side of each first conductor in a sliding mode, and the outer side of each metal short circuit plate is in contact with the corresponding second conductor in a closed mode; the accommodating space between each first conductor and the corresponding second conductor is provided with the pull rod, and one end of each pull rod is fixedly connected with the corresponding metal short circuit plate and used for pulling the corresponding metal short circuit plate to move on the corresponding first conductor.
Further, the vacuum end of the first high-power input coupler is connected with the vacuum end of the second high-power input coupler by adopting a coaxial line connecting structure.
Further, the coaxial line connection structure comprises an inner conductor and an outer conductor; the outer side of the inner conductor is sleeved with the outer conductor, the outer conductor is connected with outer conductor vacuum ends of the first high-power input coupler and the second high-power input coupler through flanges, and the inner conductor is connected with inner conductor vacuum ends of the first high-power input coupler and the second high-power input coupler through inserting cores.
Further, the degree of coupling of the adjustable secondary coupler is determined by the insertion depth of the antenna within the adjustable secondary coupler.
Further, one end of the first pullable short is connected to the non-vacuum end of the first high power input coupler and one end of the adjustable secondary coupler through a three-way connector, respectively.
Furthermore, the ceramic windows of the first high-power input coupler and the second high-power input coupler are respectively provided with a temperature measuring device and an ignition detecting device, the temperature measuring devices are used for collecting temperature data of the ceramic windows of the first high-power input coupler and the second high-power input coupler in real time, and the ignition detecting devices are used for detecting whether ignition phenomena exist in the first high-power input coupler and the second high-power input coupler.
A standing wave resonance aging method for a high-power input coupler is characterized by comprising the following steps: 1) adjusting the positions of the two metal short circuit plates to ensure that the distance between the two metal short circuit plates meets the electromagnetic field resonance condition of integral multiple of half-wave length of the electromagnetic field; 2) adjusting the coupling degree of the adjustable secondary coupler to a critical coupling state; 3) according to a preset maximum threshold value of the power of the electromagnetic wave, gradually increasing the power of the electromagnetic wave transmitted from a radio frequency power source to the coaxial standing wave resonant cavity through the adjustable secondary coupler, and aging the first high-power input coupler and the second high-power input coupler; 4) the temperature measuring device collects temperature data of the ceramic windows of the first high-power input coupler and the second high-power input coupler in real time, and the ignition detection device detects whether ignition occurs in the first high-power input coupler and the second high-power input coupler in real time; 5) after the aging of one position is finished, the positions of the two metal short circuit plates are adjusted in the same direction to move the peak-valley position of the resonant field wave, and the steps from 2) to 4) are repeated to age the first high-power input coupler and the second high-power input coupler until all parts of the first high-power input coupler and the second high-power input coupler are aged by the peak of the resonant field wave.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages: the invention realizes the complete resonance of standing waves by connecting the drawable short-circuit devices at the non-vacuum ends of the two high-power input couplers to ensure that electromagnetic waves are totally reflected, setting the distance between the metal short-circuit plates of the two drawable short-circuit devices to be integral multiples of half wavelength of the electromagnetic waves (considering that the distance has a little deviation after medium perturbation and shape perturbation but does not influence the principle), and adopting the measures of feeding the electromagnetic wave power to the coaxial resonant cavity by the adjustable secondary coupler. In the prior art, the Fermi laboratory adopts a mode that one side of a coaxial line adopts a short circuit board to totally reflect electromagnetic waves, the other side adopts a partially reflecting board, the electromagnetic waves can not realize complete standing wave resonance power gain in the coaxial line and are lower, the invention overcomes the defects of the Fermi laboratory scheme by adopting the three measures, can realize complete standing wave resonance, greatly improve power gain, can realize the resonance of an electromagnetic field at different positions by ensuring that the distance between the two metal short circuit plates is integral multiple of half wavelength when the metal short circuit plates in the first pulling short circuit device and the second pulling short circuit device are pulled in the same direction, so that different positions of the first high-power input coupler and the second high-power input coupler can be aged by the wave crest of the resonance field, the invention has the characteristics of simple and reliable effective structure, easy operation and the like, and can be widely applied to the field of accelerators.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a portion of the structure of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the electric field amplitude distribution in the traveling wave state of a high-power input coupler in the prior art;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the electric field amplitude distribution in the high power input coupler standing wave resonance state of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings. It is to be understood, however, that the drawings are provided solely for the purposes of promoting an understanding of the invention and that they are not to be construed as limiting the invention. In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
As shown in fig. 1, the standing wave resonant aging apparatus of the high power input coupler provided by the present invention includes a first pulling short 1, a second pulling short 2 and a tunable secondary coupler 3.
One end of the first pulling short-circuiting device 1 is respectively connected with a non-vacuum end of a first high-power input coupler 5 and one end of an adjustable secondary coupler 3 through a three-way connector 4, the vacuum end of the first high-power input coupler 5 is connected with the vacuum end of a second high-power input coupler 6, the non-vacuum end of the second high-power input coupler 6 is fixedly connected with the second pulling short-circuiting device 2, and the other end of the adjustable secondary coupler 3 is fixedly connected with a radio-frequency power source 7. The first pulling short-circuit device 1 and the second pulling short-circuit device 2 are connected with metal short-circuit plates 11 in a sliding mode, the two metal short-circuit plates 11 are of disc structures with through holes in the middle, the distance L between the two metal short-circuit plates 11 is an integral multiple of half wavelength of an electromagnetic field (when the distance L is an integral multiple of half wavelength of the electromagnetic field, the electromagnetic field can form standing wave resonance in a coaxial line space between the two metal short-circuit plates, and the principle is not influenced by a small deviation of the distance after medium perturbation and shape perturbation is considered), and the first pulling short-circuit device 1, the second pulling short-circuit device 2, the first high-power input coupler 5, the second high-power input coupler 6 and the two metal short-circuit plates 11 form a movable coaxial standing wave resonant cavity. The first and second pullable shorts 1, 2 are used to define the axial distribution length and location of the resonant field within the standing coaxial wave cavity, and the tunable secondary coupler 3 is used to feed electromagnetic wave power transmitted by the radio frequency power source 7 to the standing coaxial wave cavity.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the first and second pullable shorts 1, 2 further comprise a first conductor 12, a second conductor 13, and a pull rod 14, wherein each of the first and second conductors 12, 13 is a tubular structure. The outer side of each first conductor 12 is all overlapped and is equipped with corresponding second conductor 13, the outer side of each first conductor 12 all slides and inserts and be equipped with corresponding metal short-circuit board 11, the outer side of each metal short-circuit board 11 all with correspond second conductor 13 contact closure, the accommodation space between each first conductor 12 and the corresponding second conductor 13 all is provided with pull rod 14, the equal fixed connection of one end of each pull rod 14 corresponds metal short-circuit board 11, pull rod 14 is used for the pulling to correspond metal short-circuit board 11 and move on corresponding first conductor 12.
In a preferred embodiment, the coupling degree β of the adjustable secondary coupler 3 is determined by the insertion depth of the antenna in the adjustable secondary coupler 3, and for achieving the maximum electromagnetic wave energy utilization efficiency, the coupling degree β of the adjustable secondary coupler 3 is required to be adjusted to critical coupling, and when the electromagnetic field resonance positions are different, the insertion depth of the antenna of the adjustable secondary coupler 3 required for the critical coupling of the coupling degree β is different, so that the secondary coupler is required to be arranged as the adjustable secondary coupler 3 with the adjustable antenna insertion depth.
In a preferred embodiment, the vacuum end of the first high-power input coupler 5 and the vacuum end of the second high-power input coupler 6 are connected by a coaxial line connection structure 8, wherein the coaxial line connection structure 8 includes an inner conductor and an outer conductor, the outer side of the inner conductor of the coaxial line connection structure 8 is sleeved with the outer conductor, the outer conductor of the coaxial line connection structure 8 is connected with the vacuum ends of the outer conductors of the first high-power input coupler 5 and the second high-power input coupler 6 through a flange, and the inner conductor of the coaxial line connection structure 8 is connected with the vacuum ends of the inner conductors of the first high-power input coupler 5 and the second high-power input coupler 6 through a ferrule, so that the first high-power input coupler 5 and the second high-power input coupler 6 are connected together in a face-to-face manner to form a long coaxial line.
In a preferred embodiment, the ceramic windows of the first high-power input coupler 5 and the second high-power input coupler 6 are both provided with a temperature measuring device and an ignition detection device, the temperature measuring device is used for acquiring temperature data of the ceramic windows of the first high-power input coupler 5 and the second high-power input coupler 6 in real time, and the ignition detection device is used for detecting whether ignition occurs in the first high-power input coupler 5 and the second high-power input coupler 6, so as to ensure the safety of the ceramic windows.
Based on the standing wave resonance aging device of the high-power input coupler, the invention also provides a standing wave resonance aging method of the high-power input coupler, which comprises the following steps:
1) the positions of the two metal short circuit plates 11 are respectively adjusted through the pull rods 14, so that the distance between the two metal short circuit plates 11 meets the electromagnetic field resonance condition of integral multiple of half-wave length of the electromagnetic field (the resonance frequency point can be captured through power sweep).
2) The insertion depth of the antenna in the adjustable secondary coupler 3 is adjusted to make the coupling degree beta of the adjustable secondary coupler 3 reach a critical coupling state, so that the invention simultaneously meets the resonance condition and the critical coupling state, wherein whether the adjustable secondary coupler 3 reaches the critical coupling state can be judged by observing the reflected power.
3) According to a preset maximum threshold value of the electromagnetic wave power, the electromagnetic wave power transmitted from the radio frequency power source 7 to the coaxial standing wave resonant cavity through the adjustable secondary coupler 3 is gradually increased, and the first high-power input coupler 5 and the second high-power input coupler 6 are aged, wherein the maximum threshold value of the electromagnetic wave power is limited by ensuring the safety of the ceramic windows of the first high-power input coupler 5 and the second high-power input coupler 6, and can be set according to actual conditions.
4) The temperature measuring device collects temperature data of the ceramic windows of the first high-power input coupler 5 and the second high-power input coupler 6 in real time, and the ignition detecting device detects whether ignition occurs in the first high-power input coupler 5 and the second high-power input coupler 6 in real time so as to ensure the safety of the ceramic windows.
5) After the aging of one position is finished, the positions of the two metal short circuit plates 11 are adjusted in the same direction through the pull rod 14 to move the peak-valley position of the resonant field, and the steps from 2) to 4) are repeated to adjust the position of the resonant field step by step to age the first high-power input coupler 5 and the second high-power input coupler 6 until all parts of the first high-power input coupler 5 and the second high-power input coupler 6 are aged by the peak of the resonant field.
Compared with the prior art, the standing wave resonance aging device has the following effects:
through simulation calculation, when the electromagnetic wave power (1W) of the radio frequency power source 7 is the same, the electric field amplitude distribution near the surface of the inner conductor of the high-power input coupler in the pure traveling wave state is shown in fig. 3, while the electric field amplitude distribution adopting the device of the present invention is shown in fig. 4 (fig. 4 presents three groups of resonance field distributions, each group of distributions corresponding to different metal short circuit board positions). It can be seen that, under the same electromagnetic wave power, the electric field amplitude of the device adopting the invention exceeds the electric field amplitude in the high-power input coupler in the pure traveling wave state by 10 times in the prior art, which means that the power gain of the invention can exceed 100 times, and greatly exceeds the power gain of the aging device of the prior coupler.
The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the present invention, and the structure, connection mode, manufacturing process, etc. of the components may be changed, and all equivalent changes and modifications performed on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention should not be excluded from the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A standing wave resonance aging device of a high-power input coupler is characterized by comprising a first pulling short-circuiting device, a second pulling short-circuiting device and an adjustable secondary coupler;
one end of the first pull short-circuiting device is respectively connected with a non-vacuum end of a first high-power input coupler and one end of the adjustable secondary coupler, the vacuum end of the first high-power input coupler is connected with the vacuum end of a second high-power input coupler, the non-vacuum end of the second high-power input coupler is fixedly connected with the second pull short-circuiting device, and the other end of the adjustable secondary coupler is fixedly connected with a radio frequency power source;
the first pulling short-circuit device and the second pulling short-circuit device are respectively connected with a metal short-circuit plate in a sliding mode, the two metal short-circuit plates are of a disc structure with a through hole in the middle, the distance between the two metal short-circuit plates is an integral multiple of half wavelength of an electromagnetic field, the first pulling short-circuit device, the second pulling short-circuit device, the first high-power input coupler, the second high-power input coupler and the two metal short-circuit plates form a movable coaxial standing wave resonant cavity, the first pulling short-circuit device and the second pulling short-circuit device are used for limiting axial distribution length and position of a resonant field in the coaxial standing wave resonant cavity, and the adjustable secondary coupler is used for feeding electromagnetic wave power transmitted by the radio frequency power source to the coaxial standing wave resonant cavity.
2. The standing wave resonant aging device of a high power input coupler of claim 1, wherein said first and second pullable shorts further comprise a first conductor, a second conductor, and a pull rod, wherein each of said first and second conductors is a tubular structure;
the outer side of each first conductor is sleeved with a corresponding second conductor, a corresponding metal short circuit plate is inserted in the outer side of each first conductor in a sliding mode, and the outer side of each metal short circuit plate is in contact with the corresponding second conductor in a closed mode; the accommodating space between each first conductor and the corresponding second conductor is provided with the pull rod, and one end of each pull rod is fixedly connected with the corresponding metal short circuit plate and used for pulling the corresponding metal short circuit plate to move on the corresponding first conductor.
3. The apparatus for standing wave resonance aging of a high power input coupler of claim 1, wherein the vacuum terminal of the first high power input coupler and the vacuum terminal of the second high power input coupler are connected by a coaxial line connection structure.
4. The standing wave resonance aging apparatus for a high power input coupler of claim 3, wherein the coaxial line connection structure comprises an inner conductor and an outer conductor;
the outer side of the inner conductor is sleeved with the outer conductor, the outer conductor is connected with outer conductor vacuum ends of the first high-power input coupler and the second high-power input coupler through flanges, and the inner conductor is connected with inner conductor vacuum ends of the first high-power input coupler and the second high-power input coupler through inserting cores.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the degree of coupling of the tunable secondary coupler is determined by the depth of insertion of the antenna in the tunable secondary coupler.
6. The standing wave resonance aging apparatus for a high power input coupler of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein one end of the first pullable short is connected to the non-vacuum end of the first high power input coupler and one end of the adjustable secondary coupler through a three-way connector, respectively.
7. The standing wave resonance aging apparatus for high power input coupler as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the ceramic windows of the first and second high power input couplers are each provided with a temperature measuring device for collecting temperature data at the ceramic windows of the first and second high power input couplers in real time and an ignition detecting device for detecting the presence or absence of an ignition phenomenon in the first and second high power input couplers.
8. A method for standing wave resonance aging of a standing wave resonance aging apparatus of a high power input coupler according to claim 1, comprising:
1) adjusting the positions of the two metal short circuit plates to ensure that the distance between the two metal short circuit plates meets the electromagnetic field resonance condition of integral multiple of half-wave length of the electromagnetic field;
2) adjusting the coupling degree of the adjustable secondary coupler to a critical coupling state;
3) according to a preset maximum threshold value of the power of the electromagnetic wave, gradually increasing the power of the electromagnetic wave transmitted from a radio frequency power source to the coaxial standing wave resonant cavity through the adjustable secondary coupler, and aging the first high-power input coupler and the second high-power input coupler;
4) the temperature measuring device collects temperature data of the ceramic windows of the first high-power input coupler and the second high-power input coupler in real time, and the ignition detection device detects whether ignition occurs in the first high-power input coupler and the second high-power input coupler in real time;
5) after the aging of one position is finished, the positions of the two metal short circuit plates are adjusted in the same direction to move the peak-valley position of the resonant field wave, and the steps from 2) to 4) are repeated to age the first high-power input coupler and the second high-power input coupler until all parts of the first high-power input coupler and the second high-power input coupler are aged by the peak of the resonant field wave.
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| CN103996895B (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2016-08-24 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | A kind of high power input coupler |
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