CN108808202B - High-reliability strong-coupling directional coupler based on radio frequency coaxial structure - Google Patents
High-reliability strong-coupling directional coupler based on radio frequency coaxial structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN108808202B CN108808202B CN201810815401.0A CN201810815401A CN108808202B CN 108808202 B CN108808202 B CN 108808202B CN 201810815401 A CN201810815401 A CN 201810815401A CN 108808202 B CN108808202 B CN 108808202B
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- coupling
- pressure
- medium ring
- resistant medium
- main passage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
- H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
- H01P5/18—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-reliability strong-coupling directional coupler based on a radio frequency coaxial structure, which comprises an upper cavity, a lower cavity and a coupling main body, wherein the coupling main body comprises a main passage and a coupling circuit, the main passage is a cylindrical conductor, the coupling circuit is a circuit board printed with a coupling microstrip line, the high-reliability strong-coupling directional coupler also comprises a pressure-resistant medium ring, the pressure-resistant medium ring is cylindrical, a coaxial through hole is arranged in the center of the pressure-resistant medium ring, and the outer wall of the main passage is the same as the inner wall of the cavity in size and is positioned in the coaxial through hole; one side or two opposite sides of the pressure-resistant medium ring are provided with strip-shaped grooves, and the strip-shaped grooves face the circle center of the pressure-resistant medium ring. The maximum working power of the invention can reach MW level, and the invention provides highly reliable, highly flat and highly directional strong coupling signals for the control module in the system. The high-reliability strong-coupling directional coupler with the radio frequency coaxial structure and the manufacturing method thereof improve the sampling precision and stability of control signals and improve the reliability of a system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a coupler, in particular to a high-reliability strong-coupling directional coupler based on a radio frequency coaxial structure.
Background
The radio frequency control module is widely applied to various radio frequency microwave devices, and is important equipment in transmitters, receivers, radio stations, testing instruments/devices and other various microwave devices. The directional coupler is a microwave device which is widely applied in a microwave radio frequency system and is a key device of a radio frequency control module in the system. The directional coupler is used for transmitting signals according to a certain amplitude proportion relation and a certain phase relation, can be used for isolating, separating and mixing signals, and has high reverse isolation. A directional coupler may be used to provide sampling power to the control module and to sample the incoming and reflected signals in the microwave device.
Along with development of electronic information technology, the requirements for control modules in microwave radio frequency systems are also increasing, and the types of circuits forming the directional coupler are various and have large differences, and coaxial lines, waveguides, microstrip lines, strip lines and the like are common. In general, the directional coupler is used for sampling signals, such as a transmitter, a short-wave communication radio station, etc., so that a safety guarantee module in the system can measure and monitor working signals; directional couplers are also used in some systems for signal distribution and synthesis, such as the 3dB directional couplers commonly used in multi-carrier frequency synthesis systems; in particular, in some test instruments, such as network analyzers, where the accuracy of the forward and reflected signals is high, directional couplers are used as their core components.
The radio frequency coaxial directional coupler should ensure the following 2 point requirements: 1. the authenticity and precision of the coupled signal should not affect the main line signal. 2. The directional coupling of the coaxial structure in the high power state of the radio frequency should have high reliability, especially should have safety protection between the coupled line and the main line. Point 1 requires a directional coupler with very high stability, flatness and directivity. The three indexes of the coupling degree, the direction degree and the insertion loss are mutually influenced, the coupling degree of the directional coupler tends to be greatly fluctuated in a wider frequency band range, the direction degree is limited by the coupling degree and is not easy to be improved, and the insertion loss is also fluctuated to a certain extent due to the influence of the coupling degree. The 2 nd point requires that the main line of the directional coupler with the coaxial structure has enough safety distance with the coupling line or increases the safety voltage-resistant protection. Insufficient safety distance or no insulation protection measures are very prone to withstand voltage breakdown under complex environmental conditions or power fluctuations. Therefore, the ultra-wideband directional coupler with high reliability, which can meet the use requirement of the system, has important significance in the wideband range.
The existing radio frequency coaxial directional coupler generally couples main path power signals through a space electromagnetic coupling principle by parallel coupling rods or coupling lines, and the coupling degree is mainly determined by adjusting the distance between the coupling rods or the coupling lines and the main path, which brings the following disadvantages: 1. when the coupling device is used in a high-power radio frequency system, the main passage has high power, the coupling degree is adjusted by controlling the distance between the coupling rod or the coupling line and the main passage, and the coupling degree is generally about 1 kV/mm-2 kV/mm because the air medium is small in withstand voltage, so that a stronger coupling signal cannot be obtained for ensuring enough safe distance, and the control module cannot extract an optimal detection signal. 2. Parasitic parameters generated by the connection transition between the coupling rod or the coupling line and the internal circuit of the coupling cavity can influence the coupling curve, and good flatness and direction degree are difficult to obtain under a wider frequency band. 3. In order to ensure reliability under high power conditions, the size of the coaxial cavity is often larger, so that the whole coupler is also larger in size, high in processing cost and higher in processing difficulty.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the high-reliability strong-coupling directional coupler based on the radio frequency coaxial structure, which can provide high-reliability, high-flatness and high-directional strong-coupling signals for a control module in a system under a high-power working condition.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the high-reliability strong-coupling directional coupler based on the radio frequency coaxial structure comprises an upper cavity, a lower cavity and a coupling main body, wherein the coupling main body comprises a main passage and a coupling circuit, the main passage is a cylindrical conductor, the coupling circuit is a circuit board printed with a coupling microstrip line, and the coupling microstrip line is close to one edge of the circuit board and is parallel to the edge;
the outer wall of the main passage is coated with a cylindrical pressure-resistant medium ring, the pressure-resistant medium ring and the main passage are coaxially arranged, one side or two opposite sides of the pressure-resistant medium ring are provided with strip-shaped grooves, the lengths of the strip-shaped grooves are arranged along the length direction of the pressure-resistant medium ring, and the lengths of the strip-shaped grooves are radially arranged along the pressure-resistant medium ring;
the coupling circuits are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the strip grooves, one edge of each coupling microstrip line is inserted into each strip groove, the coupling microstrip lines are parallel to the main passage after insertion, and the coupling microstrip lines couple power signals of the main passage in an electromagnetic coupling mode to form a coupling curve;
the upper cavity and the lower cavity are cuboid, and after the upper cavity and the lower cavity are bonded, a groove body for embedding the pressure-resistant medium ring is formed inside the upper cavity and the lower cavity.
As preferable: the main passage is made of copper or copper alloy.
As preferable: the pressure-resistant medium ring is made of polytetrafluoroethylene and is of a one-section or two-section structure.
As preferable: the circuit board is also provided with a compensation circuit for adjusting the flatness of the coupling curve, the compensation circuit comprises an LC series circuit, the LC series circuit is connected with two serially connected resistors in parallel, one end of each inductor is connected with a coupling port, one end of each capacitor is grounded through one resistor, the two serially connected resistors are grounded through an LC parallel circuit, the inductor in the LC series circuit is a tap inductor, and a compensation capacitor is serially connected with the ground at a tap point.
As preferable: the strip-shaped groove and the coaxial through hole of the pressure-resistant medium ring are separated by a thin wall, and the minimum thickness of the thin wall meets the requirement of high-power signal voltage breakdown which is not passed by the main passage.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: a pressure-resistant medium ring is arranged to replace the original air medium, so that pressure-resistant protection is provided for the main passage. The breakdown voltage of air is closely related to the humidity, the air pressure and the temperature of air, and the higher the humidity is, the lower the air pressure is, and the higher the temperature is, the smaller the breakdown voltage is. Under the normal state, the breakdown voltage of air is about 1 kV/mm-2 kV/mm., polytetrafluoroethylene is adopted as a voltage-resistant medium ring, the breakdown voltage is not less than 10kV/mm, the material is stable in performance and basically not influenced by environmental factors, the voltage-resistant strength and reliability of the coupler under the broadband strong coupling state are ensured, and the reliability of the coupler under the high-power working condition is effectively improved. And the coupling main body of the coaxial structure coupler has good processing consistency and small parasitic parameters, and ensures the performance consistency of the coupler in the ultra-wideband frequency range. Compared with the traditional scheme, the compensation circuit provided by the invention has the advantages that the inductor is connected in series with a compensation capacitor at the center tap, the tap point is grounded, the compensation capacitor influences the flatness of the coupling curve at the high end of the frequency, and the coupling curve can obtain high flatness in a range of 1 MHz-1200 MHz by adjusting the compensation capacitor.
The invention has essential difference from the traditional radio frequency coaxial structure directional coupler in structure, the coupling circuit has a pressure medium ring to provide high-voltage protection, and the coupling degree of the coupling circuit is stronger than that of the traditional radio frequency coaxial structure coupler, which is the capability which the traditional radio frequency coaxial structure coupler does not have.
According to the invention, the directional coupler can provide high-reliability, high-flatness and high-direction strong coupling signals for a control module in a system under a high-power working condition. The high-reliability strong-coupling directional coupler with the radio frequency coaxial structure and the manufacturing method thereof improve the sampling precision and stability of control signals and improve the reliability of a system.
The high-reliability strong-coupling directional coupler based on the radio frequency coaxial structure has the characteristics of miniaturization and light weight, greatly saves the internal space of a control module, simplifies the installation process and reduces the product cost.
The high-reliability strong-coupling directional coupler based on the radio frequency coaxial structure directly couples power signals through the coupling circuit, the compensation network adopts a patch element with small parasitic parameters, the product frequency bandwidth is wide, compared with the traditional directional coupler with the coaxial structure, inductance or capacitance parameters do not need to be adjusted during debugging, the problem of secondary debugging after packaging is solved, and only the distance between the coupling circuit and a main passage needs to be adjusted once, so that the debugging efficiency is effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of example 1;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a coupling body in embodiment 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a section of the pressure-resistant medium ring in example 1 with an open groove;
fig. 4 is a perspective view of embodiment 2;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a coupling body in embodiment 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a grooved structure of a segment of the pressure-resistant medium ring in example 2.
FIG. 7 is a diagram of a coupling structure of a conventional directional coupler according to the prior art;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a directional coupler;
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an improvement of the inductance of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a graph of coupling curve before modification;
fig. 11 is a graph of the coupling curve of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. an upper chamber; 2. a lower cavity; 3. a coupling body; 4. a main passage; 5. a pressure-resistant medium ring; 6. a circuit board; 7. a bar-shaped groove; 8. an air medium; 9. and a coupling rod.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1: referring to fig. 7, in the prior art, the rf coaxial directional coupler structure is composed of a main path 4, an air medium 8, a coupling rod 9, and the like, and the coupling degree is mainly determined by adjusting the distance between the coupling rod 9 or the coupling line and the main path 4. The air medium 8 has small withstand voltage, generally about 1 kV/mm-2 kV/mm, and parasitic parameters generated by the connection transition between the coupling rod 9 or the coupling line and the internal circuit of the coupling cavity can influence the coupling curve, so that good flatness and orientation degree are difficult to obtain under wider frequency bands.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3 and fig. 8 to 11, the invention discloses a high-reliability strong-coupling directional coupler based on a radio frequency coaxial structure, which comprises an upper cavity 1, a lower cavity 2 and a coupling main body 3, wherein the coupling main body 3 comprises a main passage 4 and a coupling circuit, the main passage 4 is a cylindrical conductor, and the coupling circuit is a circuit board 6 printed with a coupling microstrip line, and the coupling microstrip line is close to one edge of the circuit board 6 and parallel to the edge;
the outer wall of the main passage 4 is coated with a cylindrical pressure-resistant medium ring 5, the pressure-resistant medium ring 5 and the main passage 4 are coaxially arranged, one side of the pressure-resistant medium ring 5 is provided with a strip-shaped groove 7, the length of the strip-shaped groove 7 is arranged along the length direction of the pressure-resistant medium ring 5, and the strip-shaped groove is radially arranged along the pressure-resistant medium ring 5;
the coupling circuits are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the strip-shaped grooves 7, one edge of each coupling microstrip line is inserted into each strip-shaped groove 7, the coupling microstrip lines are parallel to the main passage 4 after insertion, and the coupling microstrip lines couple power signals of the main passage 4 in an electromagnetic coupling mode to form a coupling curve;
the upper cavity 1 and the lower cavity 2 are cuboid, and are attached, and after the upper cavity 1 and the lower cavity 2 are attached, a groove body for embedding the pressure medium ring 5 is formed inside the upper cavity and the lower cavity.
In this embodiment: the main passage 4 is made of copper or copper alloy.
The pressure-resistant medium ring 5 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene and is of a one-section or two-section structure.
The circuit board 6 is also provided with a compensation circuit for adjusting the flatness of the coupling curve, the compensation circuit comprises an LC series circuit, the LC series circuit is connected with two serially connected resistors in parallel, one end of each inductor is connected with a coupling port, one end of each capacitor is grounded through one resistor, the two serially connected resistors are grounded through an LC parallel circuit, the inductor in the LC series circuit is a tap inductor, and a compensation capacitor is serially connected with the ground at a tap point.
The strip-shaped groove 7 is separated from the coaxial through hole of the pressure-resistant medium ring 5 by a thin wall, and the minimum thickness of the thin wall meets the requirement of high-power signal voltage breakdown which is not passed by the main passage 4.
Referring to fig. 8, the LC series circuit is formed by connecting a capacitor C1 and a first inductor L1 in series, and the LC parallel circuit is formed by connecting a capacitor C2 and a second inductor L2 in parallel. The first inductor L1 is a tap inductor, and a compensation capacitor is connected in series at the tap point pair to form a resonant circuit, so that the flatness of a coupling curve can be effectively improved, and the bandwidth of the coupler is widened.
Referring to fig. 9 and 10, the improved flatness of the present invention is better as seen by the graphs of the coupling signals of the 50d coupler before and after the improvement of the present invention.
Example 2: referring to fig. 4 to 6, the pressure medium ring 5 is provided with a bar-shaped groove 7 on both sides, and the rest is the same as that of embodiment 1.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a high reliable strong coupling directional coupler based on coaxial structure of radio frequency, includes upper chamber, lower chamber and coupling main part, the coupling main part includes main passageway and coupling circuit, its characterized in that: the main passage is a cylindrical conductor, and the coupling circuit is a circuit board printed with a coupling microstrip line, wherein the coupling microstrip line is close to one edge of the circuit board and is parallel to the edge;
the outer wall of the main passage is coated with a cylindrical pressure-resistant medium ring, the pressure-resistant medium ring and the main passage are coaxially arranged, one side or two opposite sides of the pressure-resistant medium ring are provided with strip-shaped grooves, the lengths of the strip-shaped grooves are arranged along the length direction of the pressure-resistant medium ring, and the depths of the strip-shaped grooves are radially arranged along the pressure-resistant medium ring;
the coupling circuits are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the strip grooves, one edge of each coupling microstrip line is inserted into each strip groove, the coupling microstrip lines are parallel to the main passage after insertion, and the coupling microstrip lines couple power signals of the main passage in an electromagnetic coupling mode to form a coupling curve;
the upper cavity and the lower cavity are cuboid, and after the upper cavity and the lower cavity are bonded, a groove body for embedding the pressure-resistant medium ring is formed in the upper cavity and the lower cavity;
the main passage is made of copper or copper alloy;
the pressure-resistant medium ring is made of polytetrafluoroethylene and is of a one-section or two-section structure.
2. The high-reliability strong-coupling directional coupler based on a radio frequency coaxial structure according to claim 1, wherein: the circuit board is also provided with a compensation circuit for adjusting the flatness of the coupling curve, the compensation circuit comprises an LC series circuit, the LC series circuit is connected with two serially connected resistors in parallel, one end of each inductor is connected with a coupling port, one end of each capacitor is grounded through one resistor, the two serially connected resistors are grounded through an LC parallel circuit, the inductor in the LC series circuit is a tap inductor, and a compensation capacitor is serially connected with the ground at a tap point.
3. The high-reliability strong-coupling directional coupler based on a radio frequency coaxial structure according to claim 1, wherein: the strip-shaped groove and the coaxial through hole of the pressure-resistant medium ring are separated by a thin wall, and the minimum thickness of the thin wall meets the requirement of high-power signal voltage breakdown which is not passed by the main passage.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810815401.0A CN108808202B (en) | 2018-07-24 | 2018-07-24 | High-reliability strong-coupling directional coupler based on radio frequency coaxial structure |
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| CN201810815401.0A CN108808202B (en) | 2018-07-24 | 2018-07-24 | High-reliability strong-coupling directional coupler based on radio frequency coaxial structure |
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| CN108808202A CN108808202A (en) | 2018-11-13 |
| CN108808202B true CN108808202B (en) | 2023-08-11 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116266663A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2023-06-20 | 华为技术有限公司 | Coupler and signal detection system |
| CN114696056B (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2023-05-12 | 北京星英联微波科技有限责任公司 | Ultra-wideband high-power double directional coupler |
| CN115084816B (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2024-03-01 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Radio frequency circuit, passive circuit and electronic equipment |
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2018
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