CN110486172B

CN110486172B - Track type sliding arc exciter based on plasma

Info

Publication number: CN110486172B
Application number: CN201910719443.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 于锦禄; 蒋永健; 李帅国; 陈朝; 蒋陆昀; 彭畅新; 王思博; 杨犇鑫; 谭新耀; 何立明
Original assignee: Air Force Engineering University of PLA
Current assignee: Air Force Engineering University of PLA
Priority date: 2019-08-06
Filing date: 2019-08-06
Publication date: 2020-07-31
Anticipated expiration: 2039-08-06
Also published as: CN110486172A

Abstract

The invention discloses a track type sliding arc exciter based on plasma, which comprises an exciter body and at least two electrodes for generating electric arcs, wherein the exciter body comprises a first joint, a swirl joint and a second joint which are sequentially arranged, the first joint and the second joint are cylindrical, the swirl joint is in a circular truncated cone shape, the first joint, the second joint and the swirl joint are in an integrally formed structure, the axes of the first joint, the second joint and the swirl joint are positioned on the same straight line, the small end of the swirl joint is arranged at one end of the first joint, and the large end of the swirl joint is arranged at one end of the second joint. The plasma enhanced combustion engine has a simple structure, utilizes plasma enhanced combustion, widens the ignition boundary of the engine, improves the ignition success rate and the combustion efficiency of the engine, and can be popularized and used.

Description

Track type sliding arc exciter based on plasma

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of aviation power plasma ignition and combustion strengthening, in particular to a track type sliding arc exciter based on plasma.

Background

With the continuous development and progress of aviation equipment, higher requirements are put on the performance of the engine. At present, the aircraft turbine engine used on the aircraft basically adopts a combustion chamber head with a swirler, meanwhile, electric sparks are used for ignition, a low-pressure backflow area with lower flow speed is formed by airflow through the swirling action of the swirler, and a spark plug is inserted into a proper position in the low-pressure backflow area for ignition. The ignition method has more defects: the ignition energy of the spark plug is small, and the conditions such as air pressure, oil-gas ratio, oxygen content and the like required by ignition are harsh, so that the ignition range of the engine is directly limited, and the performance of the engine is influenced; secondly, the ignition of the spark plug completely depends on the low-pressure backflow area to reduce the air flow velocity to forcibly adapt to the short plate with low flame propagation velocity, so that large air flow loss is caused. The conventional ignition mode can not meet the higher technical condition requirements of the aircraft engine, and the above defects are limited by the principle and have small improvement space, so that a novel ignition mode which is simple and reliable in structure and good in ignition performance needs to be redesigned to greatly improve the ignition performance of the engine.

In recent years, the use of plasma enhanced combustion has attracted considerable interest from researchers in all countries around the world. In a high-temperature or strong electromagnetic field environment, the covalent bond of molecules can be broken, and the molecules are ionized into positive ions with positive charges and negative ions with negative charges to form plasma. The plasma intensified combustion is a combustion mode which utilizes gas discharge to form a local high-temperature area, excites a large amount of active particles, ionizes and cracks air and fuel, and therefore, the atomized fuel oil is quickly and stably ignited, and combustion quality is improved.

Research shows that the plasma combustion supporting adopted in the aeroengine has the following advantages: the ignition reliability is improved, the ignition speed is improved, the ignition delay time is reduced, the ignition success rate is improved, the pollutant emission is reduced, the wall temperature of the combustion chamber is reduced, and the like, and the ignition device has a wider ignition range.

For example, the transient plasma igniter for the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine disclosed in chinese utility model patent application No. 201320339282.9 and the air swirl plasma igniter for the aircraft engine disclosed in chinese invention patent application No. 201310084697.0 both adopt the idea of plasma ignition, and improve the ignition characteristics to some extent, but still face the problems of complicated discharge structure, limited discharge area, and the like.

In addition, as for the rotary sliding arc plasma fuel oil cracking head of the aircraft engine combustion chamber disclosed in the chinese patent application No. 201711344497.9, the discharge area of the fuel oil cracking head is arranged between the small venturi tube of the inner channel and the large venturi tube of the outer channel, but the sliding arc of the plasma contacts with the air of the outer channel more, the contact time with the atomized fuel oil is shorter, and the cracking effect of the sliding arc plasma on the fuel oil cannot be maximized.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a plasma-based track type sliding arc exciter which is simple in structure and reasonable in component arrangement, widens the ignition and flameout boundary of an engine combustion chamber, improves the ignition characteristic of an igniter and improves the combustion efficiency of fuel.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a plasma-based orbital sliding arc exciter, characterized by: including the exciter body and the electrode that is used for producing electric arc, the quantity of electrode is two at least, the exciter body connects including the first joint, the whirl festival and the second that set gradually, first joint, second connect and whirl festival be the integrated into one piece structure, outside a week that the second connects is provided with rather than integrated into one piece and is used for installing the ring form flank board of nozzle, the axis of first joint, whirl festival, second joint and flank board all is located same straight line.

The fuel nozzle comprises a first connector, a second connector, a swirl joint and a diffusion channel, wherein the first connector, the swirl joint and the second connector are all hollow structures, the hollow structures in the first connector, the swirl joint and the second connector form an inner channel together, the inner channel comprises a swirl channel used for connecting a fuel nozzle and a diffusion channel used for connecting a combustion chamber of an engine, the swirl channel is a cylindrical channel, and the diffusion channel is a circular truncated cone-shaped channel.

Be provided with the electrode tank on diffusion channel's the inner wall, the quantity of electrode tank equals and evenly distributed on diffusion channel with the quantity of electrode, every section the electrode tank all is the heliciform, every the electrode sets up respectively on the electrode tank that corresponds, every the terminal has all been welded to the one end that the electrode is close to first joint, one of them the outer end of terminal is worn out and is connected with external power source's negative pole behind the whirl festival, all the other all the outer end of terminal is worn out and is connected with external power source's positive pole behind the whirl festival.

The above-mentioned orbital sliding arc exciter based on plasma is characterized in that: the number of the electrodes is two, the number of the electrode grooves is two, and the electrode grooves are centrosymmetric relative to the axis of the exciter body.

The above-mentioned orbital sliding arc exciter based on plasma is characterized in that: the number of the electrodes is three, and the number of the electrode grooves is three.

The above-mentioned orbital sliding arc exciter based on plasma is characterized in that: the electrode comprises electrode grooves, electrodes and a power supply, wherein the electrode grooves are arranged in the electrode grooves, the cross sections of the electrode grooves are square, equal in size and same in structure, the cross sections of the electrodes are pentagonal, equal in size and same in structure, two adjacent corners of the pentagon are right angles, the other three corners of the pentagon are obtuse angles, three right-angle sides of the pentagon are arranged inside the electrode grooves and are clamped with the electrode grooves, the other two sides of the pentagon are arranged outside the electrode grooves, and an edge used for controlling an electric arc track is formed at the intersection point of the other two sides of the pentagon along the length direction of the electrodes.

The above-mentioned orbital sliding arc exciter based on plasma is characterized in that: every the cross sectional shape of electrode tank is square and one of them the cross sectional area of electrode tank all is greater than all the other the cross sectional area of electrode tank, every the cross sectional shape of electrode is rectangle, every the length of electrode cross section equals rather than the width of the electrode tank of corresponding installation, every the width of electrode cross section equals rather than the degree of depth of the electrode tank of corresponding installation, the electrode cooperatees just with the inboard of electrode tank the electrode is with the part of electrode tank contact adhesion mutually, and is the biggest with the cross section electrode welded terminal outer end is worn out and is connected with external power source's negative pole behind the whirl festival, with the rest all be connected with external power source's positive pole after the outer end of electrode welded terminal is worn out the whirl festival.

The above-mentioned orbital sliding arc exciter based on plasma is characterized in that: the cross section of each electrode groove is square, equal in size and same in structure, and the electrodes are arranged inside the electrode grooves in a casting mode.

The above-mentioned orbital sliding arc exciter based on plasma is characterized in that: the middle part of whirl festival evenly is provided with a plurality of inner to the through-hole of second joint slope along circumference, and is a plurality of the through-hole is round hole and a plurality of through-hole equal diameter, and is a plurality of the electrode hole of whirl festival is worn out for the outer end that is used for the terminal to the through-hole partly, all the other part the fresh air inlet in the through-hole for being used for supplying the air admission whirl passageway, the electrode hole equals with the quantity of electrode.

The track type sliding arc exciter based on the plasma is characterized in that the number of the air inlet holes is 4-8, the diameter of each through hole is 2-4 mm, the circle center of the surface where the outer end of each through hole is located is an O point, the included angle between the axis of each through hole and the cross section of the rotational flow joint is theta and theta is 15-22 degrees, the cross section of the rotational flow joint passing through the O point is an S surface, the radius of the O point passing through the S surface is R, the projection line of the axis of each through hole on the S surface is L3, the included angle between R and L3 is gamma, and gamma is 25-35 degrees.

The above-mentioned orbital sliding arc exciter based on plasma is characterized in that: the electrode comprises an electrode main body and an adjusting section, the adjusting section is arranged at one end of the electrode main body and is integrally formed with the electrode main body, the other end of the electrode main body is welded with the binding post, the cross section of the adjusting section is gradually reduced towards the direction far away from the electrode main body, and a protruding part used for transition electric arc is arranged on the inner side of the joint of the electrode main body and the binding post.

The above-mentioned orbital sliding arc exciter based on plasma is characterized in that: the appearance that first joint and second connect is cylindricly, the cross section external diameter of first joint is less than the cross section external diameter that the second connects, the appearance of whirl festival is the round platform form, the tip setting of swirler is in the one end of first joint, the main aspects setting of swirler is in the one end that the second connects, the axis of first joint, second joint, whirl festival, whirl passageway and diffusion passageway all is located same straight line, the whirl passageway is located one side of first joint, the diffusion passageway is located one side that the second connects, the one end of whirl passageway communicates with the tip of diffusion passageway, the other end of diffusion passageway is provided with interior chamfer.

The length L1 of whirl passageway is 8mm ~ 12mm, the contained angle between the generating line of diffusion passageway and the axis of diffusion passageway is α and α is 17 ~ 23 °, diffusion passageway is along the length L2 of axis direction no less than the tip diameter of diffusion passageway.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. the invention has simple structure and strong practicability, greatly improves the ignition performance of the engine, meets the important requirement of the state for developing advanced aero-engines, not only pushes civil and military aircraft in China to develop to a higher level, but also can be applied to other fields relating to sliding arc plasma discharge.

2. The plasma enhanced combustion is adopted, the ignition and flameout boundary of the engine combustion chamber is widened, the ignition characteristic of the ignition device is improved, the ignition delay time is reduced, the combustion efficiency of fuel is improved, and the emission of combustion pollutants is reduced.

3. The invention has simple discharge structure, adopts two spirally distributed electrodes to ensure that the electric arc can cover the whole diffusion channel, thereby increasing the ignition reliability, improving the combustion rate, reducing the pollutant discharge and the like, and having wider ignition range.

4. The invention has reasonable arrangement of parts, and the air and the fuel oil are fully mixed after passing through the rotational flow joint and then enter the diffusion channel, so that the electric arc is fully contacted with the atomized fuel oil and the air, the ignition delay time is reduced, and the fuel can be fully ignited.

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and examples.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a front view of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of an actuator body in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a right side view of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken at a-a of fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken at B-B of fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of an electrode in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view showing a positional relationship among the electrode, the adjustment knob, and the projection portion in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken at C-C of fig. 8.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing the positional relationship between an electrode and an actuator body in example 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing the positional relationship between an electrode and an actuator body in example 3 of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view showing a positional relationship between an electrode and an actuator body in embodiment 4 of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a perspective view of embodiment 4 of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1-an exciter body; 2-an electrode; 3-a first joint;

4-a second joint; 5-rotational flow section; 6, a rotational flow channel;

7-diffusion channel; 8, an electrode groove; 9-air inlet holes;

10-electrode hole; 11-an adjustment section; 12-an electrode body;

13-a terminal post; 14-flank plate; 15-a boss;

16-edge; 17-inner chamfering; 18-pentagon;

19-rectangle.

Detailed Description

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 6, a plasma-based orbital sliding arc exciter comprises an exciter body 1 and two electrodes 2 which have the same structure and are used for generating an arc, wherein the exciter body 1 comprises a first joint 3, a rotational flow joint 5 and a second joint 4 which are sequentially arranged, the first joint 3, the second joint 4 and the rotational flow joint 5 are of an integrally formed structure, and the axes of the first joint 3, the rotational flow joint 5 and the second joint 4 are all located on the same straight line.

As shown in fig. 1, 3, 5 and 6, the first joint 3, the swirl joint 5 and the second joint 4 are all hollow structures, and the hollow structures of the three structures form an inner channel, the inner channel comprises a swirl channel 6 for connecting a fuel nozzle and a diffusion channel 7 for connecting an engine combustion chamber, the swirl channel 6 is a cylindrical channel, and the diffusion channel 7 is a truncated cone-shaped channel.

The shapes of the first joint 3 and the second joint 4 are both cylindrical, the outer diameter of the cross section of the first joint 3 is smaller than that of the cross section of the second joint 4, the shape of the swirl section 5 is in a circular truncated cone shape, the small end of the swirler 5 is arranged at one end of the first joint 3, the large end of the swirler 5 is arranged at one end of the second joint 4, the axes of the first joint 3, the second joint 4, the swirl section 5, the swirl channel 6 and the diffusion channel 7 are positioned on the same straight line, the swirl channel 6 is positioned at one side of the first joint 3, the diffusion channel 7 is positioned at one side of the second joint 4, one end of the swirl channel 6 is communicated with the small end of the diffusion channel 7, because the swirl channel 6 is connected with the fuel nozzle, in order to prevent the direct discharge of the metal parts of the electrode 2 and the fuel nozzle and the atomization taper angle of the fuel nozzle, namely, atomized fuel droplets cannot be sprayed onto the swirl channel 6, the length L1 of the swirl channel 6 is set to be 8-12 mm, the diameter of the swirl channel 6 is 12mm, the wall thickness of the first joint 3 is 16mm, and the diameter of the swirl channel is considered as an included angle of the fuel nozzle when the fuel nozzle and the fuel nozzle is matched with the diffusion channel 357 mm.

Two sections of electrode grooves 8 are arranged on the inner wall of the diffusion channel 7, the two sections of electrode grooves 8 are identical in structure and are both spiral, the two sections of electrode grooves 8 are symmetrical relative to the axis center of the exciter body 1, the two electrodes 2 are respectively arranged on the two sections of electrode grooves 8, the number of spiral turns of the electrode grooves 8 is not less than 0.5, the arc generated by the two electrodes 2 can achieve the 360-degree rotation effect, and the whole diffusion channel 7 is covered.

As shown in fig. 4, 6 and 8, the cross section of the electrode groove 8 is square, the cross section of the electrode 2 is pentagonal 18, two adjacent corners of the pentagonal 18 are right angles and the remaining three corners are obtuse angles, the length of the right-angle side of the pentagonal 18 is 1.5mm to 3mm, three right-angle sides of the pentagonal 18 are arranged inside the electrode groove 8 and are clamped with the electrode groove 8, the remaining two sides of the pentagonal 18 are arranged outside the electrode groove 8, an intersection point of the remaining two sides of the pentagonal 16 forms an edge 16 for controlling an arc track along the length direction of the electrode 2, the edges 16 of the two electrodes 2 are specific movement tracks of the arc, and two ends of the arc are respectively connected to the two edges 16.

As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 5 and fig. 6, a plurality of through holes with the same diameter are uniformly formed in the middle of the swirl joint 5 along the circumferential direction, two of the through holes are electrode holes 10 for allowing the binding posts 13 to respectively penetrate out of the swirl joint 5, the rest of the through holes are air inlet holes 9 for allowing air to enter the swirl channel 6, the two electrode holes 10 are symmetrical relative to the axis of the swirl joint 5, the number of the air inlet holes 9 is 4-8, the air inlet holes 9 are uniformly distributed between the two electrode holes 10, and the diameter of each through hole is 2-4 mm. Air flow enters the rotational flow channel 6 through the air compressor and the air inlet hole 9, and after being fully mixed with fuel oil sprayed by the fuel oil nozzle in a rotational flow manner, the air flow enters the diffusion channel 7, and under the condition of proper oil-gas ratio, electric arcs generated by electrifying the two electrodes 2 can ignite the mixed fuel to form stable fire nuclei.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the circle center of the surface where the outer end of each through hole is located is an O point, the included angle between the axis of each through hole and the cross section of the rotational flow joint 5 is theta and theta is 15-22 degrees, the cross section of the rotational flow joint 5 passing through the O point is an S surface, the radius of the O point passing through the S surface is R, the projection line of the axis of each through hole on the S surface is L3, and the included angle between R and L3 is gamma and gamma is 25-35 degrees.

As shown in fig. 6 to 9, the electrode 2 includes an electrode main body 12 and an adjusting section 11, the adjusting section 11 is disposed at one end of the electrode main body 12 and is integrally formed with the electrode main body 12, the other end of the electrode main body 12 is welded with a binding post 13, a cross section of the adjusting section 11 is tapered in a direction away from the electrode main body 12, and the provision of the adjusting section 11 increases a wall thickness of the diffusion channel 7 at the adjusting section 11, so that discharge between the two electrodes 2 and other metal parts during arc generation is avoided, and the arc is ensured to move in the diffusion channel 7.

And binding posts 13 are welded at one end of the electrode 2 close to the first joint 3, the outer end of one binding post 13 penetrates out of the rotational flow joint 5 and then is connected with the cathode of an external power supply, and the outer end of the other binding post 13 penetrates out of the rotational flow joint 5 and then is connected with the anode of the external power supply. The two binding posts 13 respectively protrude out of the outer side of the electrode hole 10 by about 1 mm-2 mm, so that the two binding posts are conveniently connected with an external power supply. The inside of the junction of the electrode main body 12 and the binding post 13 is provided with the bulge 15 for transition electric arcs, the arrangement of the bulge 15 not only reduces the difficulty of forming electric arcs, but also reduces the requirements of forming electric arcs on voltage, ensures that electric arcs can be accurately formed at the two bulges 15, avoids the discharge of a cathode and a nozzle, ensures that the distance between the tips of the two bulges 15 is slightly smaller than the nearest distance between the anode and the nozzle, ensures that the two electrodes of the cathode and the anode are accurately punctured at the bulges 15, and then smoothly transits to the electrode main body 12 through the bulges 15, and realizes the combination and transition of tip discharge and electrode 2 discharge. The height of the protruding part 15 is 2 mm-3 mm, the distance between the two protruding parts 15 is 8mm, the aerodynamic characteristics of the inner channel are not interfered, the influence on air flow is minimum, the protruding parts do not extend into the atomization taper angle of the nozzle, atomized fuel oil can be prevented from accumulating on the protruding parts 15, carbon deposition is formed, normal discharge of the electrode 2 is interfered, and the service life of the electrode 2 is shortened. The electrode 2 is reduced in thickness at a position close to the electrode hole 10, so that the arc is prevented from penetrating through a channel to cause uncontrollable discharge with other metal parts.

The spiral direction of the two electrodes 2 is the same as the rotation direction of the rotational flow joint 5, the pitch of any two adjacent points on the electrode groove 8 is larger than the radius of the cross section of the diffusion channel 7 where the two points are respectively located, and the pitch is 28-35 mm. The expansion angle of the spiral line is consistent with the included angle of the generatrix and the axis on the diffusion channel 7, so that the electric arc can be accurately formed on a certain section of the diffusion channel 7 instead of being longitudinally broken down along the inner wall of one side of the diffusion channel 7.

Preferably, the length L2 of the diffuser 7 in the axial direction is not less than the diameter of the small end of the diffuser 7, so that the sliding track of the arc can rotate sufficiently to cover the cross section of the entire diffuser 7 without affecting the aerodynamic characteristics of the entire burner head.

Preferably, an annular side wing plate 14 for installing a nozzle is arranged on the outer circumference of the second joint 4, the side wing plate 14 and the second joint 4 are integrally formed, and the axis of the side wing plate 14 and the axis of the second joint 4 are the same straight line.

Preferably, the electrode 2 is a 304 stainless steel electrode, and the first joint 3, the second joint 4 and the swirl flow node 5 are all made of alumina ceramic materials.

Preferably, the other end of the diffusion channel 7 is provided with an inner chamfer 17, and the inner chamfer 17 can reduce air flow resistance and flow loss, so that the diffusion channel 7 keeps good aerodynamic characteristics.

The working principle of the embodiment is as follows: fuel oil enters a rotational flow channel 6 through a fuel oil nozzle, air enters the rotational flow channel 6 through an air inlet 9 after being pressurized by an air compressor, the fuel oil and the air are fully mixed in the rotational flow channel 6 in a rotational flow mode and then enter a diffusion channel 7, under the condition that the oil-air ratio is proper, after two electrodes 2 are respectively communicated with a cathode and an anode of an external power supply, an electric arc can be formed between two convex parts 15, after the electric arc is successfully punctured, the electric arc rotates along an electrode main body 12 track under the action of air flow, the electric arc is gradually elongated to be interrupted along with the expansion of the distance between the electrode grooves 8, then a new electric arc is formed between the two convex parts 15, the air is punctured by the electric arc, a large number of free radicals and active particles can be formed, plasma is formed; in the combustion process, due to the ionization cracking effect of the electric arc, the combustion can be strengthened to a certain extent, and the mixed gas is ignited in a high-temperature region generated by the electric arc to form a stable fire core.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 10, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: every the cross sectional shape of electrode tank 8 is square and the cross sectional area of one of them electrode tank 8 all is greater than the cross sectional area of other electrode tanks 8, every electrode 2 is rectangle 19 for cross sectional shape, every the length of 2 cross sections of electrode equals rather than the width that corresponds the electrode tank 8 of installation, every the width of 2 cross sections of electrode equals rather than the degree of depth that corresponds the electrode tank 2 of installation, electrode 2 all sets up in electrode tank 8's inside, under the prerequisite that does not influence its discharge, reduces the influence of air to electric arc. Electrode 2 matches with the inboard of electrode tank 8 just the part adhesion that electrode 2 and electrode tank 8 contacted mutually, and is the biggest with the cross section 2 welded terminal 13 outer end of electrode is worn out behind the whirl festival 5 and is connected with external power source's negative pole, with another 2 welded terminal 13's of electrode outer end is worn out behind the whirl festival 5 and is connected with external power source's positive pole.

In this embodiment, the electrode 2 having the largest cross section is connected to the cathode of an external power supply, and the other electrode 2 is connected to the anode of the external power supply. During arc discharge, certain factors can influence the aerodynamic characteristics of fuel oil and air, the wider cross section of the electrode 2 of the cathode can ensure the reliability of arc discharge and the stability of the arc sliding along the electrode 2, so that the arc generated by the electrode 2 can be continuously discharged in the diffusion channel 7 without interruption, and the whole diffusion channel 7 is covered as much as possible.

In this embodiment, the structure, connection relationship, and operation principle of the remaining portions are the same as those of embodiment 1.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 11, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: the cross section of each electrode groove 8 is square, equal in size and same in structure, and the electrodes 2 are arranged inside the electrode grooves 8 in a casting mode.

Example 4

As shown in fig. 12 and 13, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: the number of the electrodes 2 is three, the number of the electrode grooves 8 is equal to that of the electrodes 2, and the electrode grooves 8 are uniformly distributed on the diffusion channel 7.

In this embodiment, the structure and size of the electrode tank 8, the structure and size of the electrode 2, and the installation relationship between the electrode tank 8 and the electrode 2 may adopt any one of the following three schemes:

in the first scheme, the cross sections of the three electrode grooves 8 are square, equal in size and same in structure, the cross sections of the three electrodes 2 are all pentagonal 18, equal in size and same in structure, two adjacent angles of the pentagon 18 are right angles, the other three angles are obtuse angles, three right-angle sides of the pentagon 18 are arranged in the electrode groove 8 and are clamped with the electrode groove 8, the other two sides of the pentagon 18 are arranged outside the electrode groove 8, the intersection point of the other two sides of the pentagon 18 forms an edge 16 for controlling the arc track along the length direction of the electrode 2, the outer end of a binding post 13 welded with one of the electrodes 2 is connected with the cathode of an external power supply after penetrating out of the rotational flow joint 5, the outer ends of the binding posts 13 welded with the other two electrodes 2 are respectively connected with the anode of an external power supply after penetrating out of the rotational flow joint 5.

The cross section of each electrode groove 8 is square, the cross section of one electrode groove 8 is larger than that of the other two electrode grooves 8, the cross section of each electrode 2 is rectangular 19, the length of the cross section of each electrode 2 is equal to the width of the electrode groove 8 correspondingly installed, the width of the cross section of each electrode 2 is equal to the depth of the electrode groove 8 correspondingly installed, the inner side of each electrode 2 is matched with the electrode groove 8, the part, contacted with the electrode groove 8, of each electrode 2 is adhered, the outer end of a binding post 13 welded with the electrode 2 with the largest cross section penetrates through the rotational flow joint 5 and then is connected with a cathode of an external power supply, and the outer ends of the binding posts 13 welded with the other two electrodes 2 penetrate through the rotational flow joint 5 and then are connected with an anode of the external power supply.

And in the third scheme, the cross sections of the electrode grooves 8 are square, equal in size and same in structure, the electrodes 2 are arranged inside the electrode grooves 8 in a casting mode, the outer end of one binding post 13 welded to one electrode 2 penetrates through the rotational flow joint 5 and then is connected with the cathode of an external power supply, and the outer ends of the binding posts 13 welded to the other two electrodes 2 penetrate through the rotational flow joint 5 and then are connected with the anode of the external power supply.

Optionally, the number of the electrodes 2 may also be 4, 5 or more, and the specific number of the electrodes 2 is not limited in the present invention.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plasma-based orbital sliding arc exciter, characterized by: the electric arc welding device comprises an exciter body (1) and electrodes (2) used for generating electric arcs, wherein the number of the electrodes (2) is at least two, the exciter body (1) comprises a first connector (3), a rotational flow joint (5) and a second connector (4) which are sequentially arranged, the first connector (3), the second connector (4) and the rotational flow joint (5) are of an integrally formed structure, a circular lateral wing plate (14) which is integrally formed with the second connector (4) and used for installing a nozzle is arranged on the periphery of the outside of the second connector (4), and the axes of the first connector (3), the rotational flow joint (5), the second connector (4) and the lateral wing plate (14) are all located on the same straight line;

the interiors of the first joint (3), the swirl joint (5) and the second joint (4) are all hollow structures, the hollow structures of the interiors of the first joint, the swirl joint and the second joint form an inner channel together, the inner channel comprises a swirl channel (6) used for connecting a fuel nozzle and a diffusion channel (7) used for connecting an engine combustion chamber, the swirl channel (6) is a cylindrical channel, and the diffusion channel (7) is a truncated cone-shaped channel;

be provided with electrode tank (8) on the inner wall of diffusion passageway (7), the quantity of electrode tank (8) is equal and evenly distributed on diffusion passageway (7) with the quantity of electrode (2), every section electrode tank (8) all is the heliciform, every electrode (2) set up respectively on electrode tank (8) that correspond, every electrode (2) are close to the one end of first joint (3) and all have welded terminal (13), one of them the outer end of terminal (13) is worn out and is connected with external power source's negative pole behind whirl festival (5), all the other the outer end of terminal (13) is worn out and is all connected with external power source's positive pole behind whirl festival (5).

2. A plasma-based orbital sliding arc exciter according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the electrodes (2) is two, the number of the electrode grooves (8) is two, and the electrode grooves (8) are symmetrical relative to the axis center of the exciter body (1).

3. A plasma-based orbital sliding arc exciter according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the electrodes (2) is three, and the number of the electrode grooves (8) is three.

4. A plasma-based orbital sliding arc exciter according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the cross section of each electrode groove (8) is square, equal in size and identical in structure, the cross section of each electrode (2) is pentagonal (18), equal in size and identical in structure, two adjacent corners of the pentagonal (18) are right angles, the other three corners of the pentagonal (18) are obtuse angles, three right-angle sides of the pentagonal (18) are arranged inside the electrode grooves (8) and clamped with the electrode grooves (8), the other two sides of the pentagonal (18) are arranged outside the electrode grooves (8), and an intersection point of the other two sides of the pentagonal (18) forms an edge (16) used for controlling an arc track along the length direction of the electrode (2).

5. A plasma-based orbital sliding arc exciter according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the cross section of each electrode groove (8) is square, the cross section area of one electrode groove (8) is larger than the cross section areas of the other electrode grooves (8), the cross section of each electrode (2) is rectangular (19), the length of the cross section of each electrode (2) is equal to the width of the electrode groove (8) correspondingly installed, the width of the cross section of each electrode (2) is equal to the depth of the electrode groove (8) correspondingly installed, the electrode (2) is matched with the inner side of the electrode groove (8) and the contact part of the electrode (2) and the electrode groove (8) is adhered, the outer end of a binding post (13) welded with the electrode (2) with the largest cross section penetrates out of the rotary throttle (5) and then is connected with the cathode of an external power supply, the outer ends of the binding posts (13) welded with the other electrodes (2) are connected with the anode of an external power supply after penetrating out of the rotary throttle (5).

6. A plasma-based orbital sliding arc exciter according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the cross section of each electrode groove (8) is square, equal in size and same in structure, and the electrodes (2) are arranged inside the electrode grooves (8) in a casting mode.

7. A plasma-based orbital sliding arc exciter according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the middle part of whirl festival (5) evenly is provided with a plurality of inner through-holes to the slope of second joint (4) along circumference, and is a plurality of the through-hole is round hole and a plurality of through-hole equal diameter, and is a plurality of electrode hole (10) of whirl festival (5) are worn out for the outer end that is used for terminal (13) to the through-hole part, all the other part the through-hole is for being used for supplying air intake fresh air inlet (9) in whirl passageway (6), electrode hole (10) equal with the quantity of electrode (2).

8. A plasma-based orbital sliding arc exciter according to claim 7, characterized in that the number of the air inlet holes (9) is 4-8, the diameter of each through hole is 2-4 mm, the center of the surface of the outer end of each through hole is O, the included angle between the axis of each through hole and the cross section of the rotational flow joint (5) is theta and theta is 15-22 degrees, the cross section of the rotational flow joint (5) passing through the O is S-surface, the radius of the O passing point on the S-surface is R, the projection line of the axis of each through hole on the S-surface is L3 degrees, the included angle between R and L3 is gamma and gamma is 25-35 degrees.

9. A plasma-based orbital sliding arc exciter according to claim 4, wherein: electrode (2) include electrode main part (12) and adjustment section (11), adjustment section (11) set up in the one end of electrode main part (12) and with electrode main part (12) integrated into one piece, the other end and terminal (13) welding of electrode main part (12), the cross section of adjustment section (11) is to keeping away from the direction convergent of electrode main part (12), the junction inboard of electrode main part (12) and terminal (13) is provided with bellying (15) that are used for transition electric arc.

10. A plasma-based orbital sliding arc exciter according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the first joint (3) and the second joint (4) are both cylindrical in shape, the outer diameter of the cross section of the first joint (3) is smaller than that of the cross section of the second joint (4), the shape of the rotational flow joint (5) is a round table shape, the small end of the rotational flow joint (5) is arranged at one end of the first joint (3), the big end of the rotational flow joint (5) is arranged at one end of the second joint (4), the axes of the first joint (3), the second joint (4), the rotational flow joint (5), the rotational flow channel (6) and the diffusion channel (7) are all positioned on the same straight line, the swirl channel (6) is positioned at one side of the first joint (3), the diffusion channel (7) is positioned at one side of the second joint (4), one end of the rotational flow channel (6) is communicated with the small end of the diffusion channel (7), and the other end of the diffusion channel (7) is provided with an inner chamfer (17);

the length L1 of the swirl channel (6) is 8-12 mm, the included angle between the generatrix of the diffusion channel (7) and the axis of the diffusion channel (7) is α and α is 17-23 degrees, and the length L2 of the diffusion channel (7) along the axis direction is not less than the small end diameter of the diffusion channel (7).