CN114636171B - Pre-combustion-stage double-oil-way pre-film type air atomizing nozzle - Google Patents

Pre-combustion-stage double-oil-way pre-film type air atomizing nozzle Download PDF

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CN114636171B
CN114636171B CN202210152995.8A CN202210152995A CN114636171B CN 114636171 B CN114636171 B CN 114636171B CN 202210152995 A CN202210152995 A CN 202210152995A CN 114636171 B CN114636171 B CN 114636171B
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sleeve
oil
blades
nozzle
channel
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CN114636171A (en
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王建臣
王欣尧
韩啸
张弛
林宇震
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Beihang University
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Beihang University
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23RGENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/28Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
    • F23R3/283Attaching or cooling of fuel injecting means including supports for fuel injectors, stems, or lances
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23RGENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/28Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
    • F23R3/38Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply comprising rotary fuel injection means

Abstract

The invention provides a pre-combustion-stage double-oil-way pre-film type air atomizing nozzle which comprises an auxiliary oil way oil feeder, an inner ring swirler and an outer ring swirler; the auxiliary oil path oil feeder comprises a shell and a centrifugal nozzle, the shell is provided with a first channel and a first opening communicated with the first channel, and the centrifugal nozzle is arranged at the first opening; the inner ring swirler comprises a first sleeve, the first sleeve is sleeved on the shell, the plurality of first blades are arranged on the periphery of the first sleeve, the plurality of first blades are sequentially arranged along the circumferential direction of the first sleeve, a second channel is arranged in the first sleeve, and the inner ring swirler also comprises a jet orifice communicated with the second channel; the outer ring swirler comprises a second sleeve, the second sleeve is sleeved on the first sleeve, a plurality of second blades are arranged on the periphery side of the second sleeve, and the plurality of second blades are sequentially arranged along the circumferential direction of the second sleeve; the injection direction of the injection ports faces the inner wall of the second sleeve. The precombustion fuel oil of the central staged combustion chamber has good atomization quality in a wide working condition range, so that stable combustion in all working conditions is realized.

Description

Pre-combustion-stage double-oil-way pre-film type air atomizing nozzle
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aero-engines, in particular to a pre-combustion-stage double-oil-way pre-film type air atomizing nozzle.
Background
The civil large aircraft for commercial use must meet the relevant airworthiness regulations issued by the international civil aviation organization, wherein the strict standards are provided for the environmental protection requirement, namely the emission of pollutants. The pollution emission of the aircraft mainly comes from the combustion chamber of the aircraft engine, and the combustion process of the aircraft engine can generate emissions including nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, smoke, unburned hydrocarbons and the like, so that the aircraft engine meets airworthiness regulations and further ensures that the aircraft reaches commercial airworthiness standards, and the aircraft engine combustion chamber is a great challenge.
At present, international research on reducing pollution emission of an aircraft combustion chamber mainly aims at reducing emission of nitrogen oxides, and the mainstream technical measure is to reduce flame temperature by adopting a lean oil premixing and pre-evaporation technology so as to ensure that the generation amount of the nitrogen oxides is low. Meanwhile, in order to ensure that the performance related to ignition flameout of the lean premixed pre-evaporation combustor can meet the requirements, a center-grading structure is usually adopted, most of oil-gas mixtures keep a lean equivalence ratio, and participate in combustion after being premixed through a main combustion stage second channel of the outer ring of the combustor, so that low emission of combustion is ensured; a small part of oil-gas mixture keeps rich equivalence ratio, and is sprayed into the combustion chamber through the pre-combustion stage second channel of the combustor inner ring to participate in combustion, so that the stability of combustion is ensured. In the central staged combustion chamber, the fuel oil is usually sprayed into air by a centrifugal nozzle, so that a larger working condition adjusting range can be provided in practical application, and good atomization performance is ensured in the working condition range.
The centrifugal nozzle adopted in the precombustion stage of the central staged combustion chamber is usually a pressure atomization nozzle, and the supply and atomization of fuel oil are realized through huge pressure difference inside the nozzle. In practical application, fuel oil inside the nozzle forms an oil film hollow cone at the outlet of the nozzle under the action of centrifugal force, and then the oil film is unstably broken under the combined action of aerodynamic force, surface waves and other factors, so that the atomization effect is realized. At present, the centrifugal nozzle is limited by the upper limit of oil pressure which can be provided by an oil supply pump, and in order to ensure the working condition adjusting range of a combustion chamber, the parameter design of the centrifugal nozzle always preferentially ensures the performance under the maximum working condition. However, in a small working condition, when the fuel flow rate is small, the internal oil pressure of the nozzle is low, and the atomization performance of the centrifugal nozzle is deteriorated, and the final combustion efficiency is lowered, and the generation of pollutants is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a pre-combustion-stage double-oil-way pre-film type air atomizing nozzle which is used for solving the problem that the atomizing performance of a centrifugal nozzle is poor under a small working condition in the prior art.
The invention provides a pre-combustion stage double-oil-way pre-film type air atomizing nozzle, which comprises: the auxiliary oil way oil feeder, the inner ring swirler and the outer ring swirler;
the auxiliary oil way oil feeder comprises a shell and a centrifugal nozzle, the shell is provided with a first channel, the shell is provided with a first opening communicated with the first channel, and the centrifugal nozzle is arranged at the first opening;
the inner ring swirler comprises a first sleeve, the first sleeve is sleeved on the shell, a plurality of first blades are arranged on the periphery of the first sleeve, the plurality of first blades are sequentially arranged along the circumferential direction of the first sleeve, a second channel is arranged in the first sleeve, and the inner ring swirler further comprises an injection port communicated with the second channel;
the outer ring swirler comprises a second sleeve, the second sleeve is sleeved on the first sleeve, a plurality of second blades are arranged on the periphery side of the second sleeve, and the plurality of second blades are sequentially arranged along the circumferential direction of the second sleeve;
wherein the injection direction of the injection port faces the inner wall of the second sleeve.
According to the pre-combustion stage double-oil-way pre-film type air atomizing nozzle provided by the invention, the centrifugal nozzle is in threaded connection with the first opening, at least part of the centrifugal nozzle is positioned outside the first channel, and the centrifugal nozzle positioned outside the first channel is positioned in the first sleeve.
According to the pre-combustion stage double-oil-path pre-film type air atomizing nozzle provided by the invention, the second sleeve is sleeved on the plurality of first blades, and the plurality of first blades and the plurality of second blades are arranged in a one-to-one corresponding and intersecting manner.
According to the pre-combustion-stage double-oil-way pre-film type air atomizing nozzle provided by the invention, the second sleeve is a Venturi tube.
According to the pre-combustion stage double-oil-way pre-film type air atomizing nozzle provided by the invention, the jet orifice is arranged on the first blade.
According to the pre-combustion-stage double-oil-way pre-film type air atomizing nozzle provided by the invention, the number of the jet openings is multiple, and the jet openings and the first blades are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
According to the pre-combustion-stage double-oil-way pre-film type air atomizing nozzle provided by the invention, the number of the injection ports is 4-16.
According to the pre-combustion-stage double-oil-way pre-film type air atomizing nozzle provided by the invention, the shell is provided with the second opening communicated with the first channel, the first opening and the second opening are oppositely arranged, and the auxiliary oil way oil feeder further comprises a cover body connected with the second opening.
According to the pre-burning-stage double-oil-way pre-film type air atomizing nozzle provided by the invention, the auxiliary oil way oil feeder further comprises a first oil delivery pipe, the first oil delivery pipe is arranged on the peripheral side of the shell, and the first oil delivery pipe is communicated with the first channel.
According to the pre-combustion-stage double-oil-way pre-film type air atomizing nozzle provided by the invention, the inner ring swirler further comprises a second oil conveying pipe, the second oil conveying pipe is arranged on the peripheral side of the first sleeve, and the second oil conveying pipe is communicated with the second channel.
The pre-combustion-stage double-oil-way pre-film type air atomizing nozzle provided by the invention adopts a double-oil-way pre-film type air atomizing nozzle, wherein a centrifugal nozzle is adopted as an auxiliary oil way, and the centrifugal nozzle is designed according to the condition of small working condition and low fuel flow, so that the atomizing performance under the small working condition is ensured; and the main oil path adopts a direct injection orifice, the direct injection orifice is designed according to the condition of high fuel flow under large working conditions and is only opened under the large working conditions, so that the atomization performance is ensured. Two paths of fuel oil are pre-coated through the second sleeve, and rotational flow air formed by the first blades and the second blades is sheared and then crushed, so that good atomization performance is guaranteed, good atomization quality of the pre-combustion fuel oil of the central staged combustion chamber in a wide working condition range can be guaranteed, and stable combustion and low pollution emission in all working conditions are realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pre-combustion stage double-oil-way pre-film type air atomizing nozzle provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a pre-combustion stage dual oil path pre-filming air atomizing nozzle provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the auxiliary oil path feeder provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the construction of an inner ring swirler provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an outer ring swirler provided by the present invention;
reference numerals are as follows:
1: a housing; 2: a cover body; 3: a first oil delivery pipe; 4: a first sleeve; 5: a second oil delivery pipe; 6: a second sleeve; 7: a second blade; 8: a centrifugal nozzle; 9: a first air intake passage; 10: a first blade; 11: an ejection port.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the pre-combustion stage dual-oil-path pre-film type air atomizing nozzle according to the embodiment of the present invention includes: the auxiliary oil way oil feeder, the inner ring swirler and the outer ring swirler.
As shown in fig. 3, the auxiliary oil path oil feeder comprises a housing 1 and a centrifugal nozzle 8, the housing 1 has a first channel, a first end of the housing 1 is provided with a first opening communicated with the first channel, and the centrifugal nozzle 8 is arranged at the first opening.
Wherein, casing 1 can be the cylinder, the inside of cylinder is equipped with the cross sectional shape and is circular shape first passageway, the axial direction of first passageway is the same with the axial direction of cylinder, the first end and the external world intercommunication of first passageway, centrifugal nozzle 8 locates the first end of first passageway, centrifugal nozzle 8's injection direction is the same with the axis direction of first passageway, the cylinder still is equipped with oil delivery port, first passageway passes through oil delivery port and external intercommunication, for example, oil delivery port is located the week side of casing 1, oil delivery port can be located the second end of casing 1.
As shown in fig. 4, the inner ring cyclone includes a first sleeve 4, the first sleeve 4 is sleeved outside the casing 1, and the first sleeve 4 extends to the centrifugal nozzle 8, that is, a first end of the first sleeve 4 is flush with a nozzle opening of the centrifugal nozzle 8.
The plurality of first blades 10 are disposed on the circumferential side of the first sleeve 4, the plurality of first blades 10 are welded to the first end of the first sleeve 4, and the plurality of first blades 10 are sequentially arranged in the circumferential direction of the first sleeve 4.
A second channel is provided in the first sleeve 4, and the second channel may be an annular channel. The inner ring swirler also includes injection ports 11 in communication with the second passages.
Wherein, the periphery of the first sleeve 4 is further provided with an oil delivery port communicated with the first channel, and the oil delivery port can be positioned at the second end of the first sleeve 4.
As shown in fig. 5, the outer ring cyclone comprises a second sleeve 6, the second sleeve 6 is sleeved outside the first sleeve 4, for example, the second sleeve 6 is sleeved on the first end of the first sleeve 4. A plurality of second blades 7 are provided on the circumferential side of the second sleeve 6, for example, the plurality of second blades 7 are welded to the second end of the second sleeve 6, and the plurality of second blades 7 are arranged in sequence in the circumferential direction of the second sleeve 6.
Wherein the injection direction of the injection ports 11 is directed toward the inner wall of the second sleeve 6.
It should be noted that, the first air inlet channel is formed by the first vanes 10, the swirl number can be 0.6-1, and the effective area can be 20-80 mm according to the design requirement of the combustion chamber 2
The second air inlet channel is formed by a plurality of second blades 7, the rotational flow number can be 0.6-1.2 and the effective area can be 30-100 mm according to the design requirement of the combustion chamber 2
In the embodiment of the invention, a double-oil-way pre-film type air atomizing nozzle is adopted, wherein a centrifugal nozzle 8 is adopted as an auxiliary oil way, and the centrifugal nozzle 8 is designed according to the condition of small working condition and low fuel flow, so that the atomizing performance under the small working condition is ensured; and the main oil path adopts a direct injection type jet orifice 11, the direct injection type jet orifice 11 is designed according to the condition of large working condition and high fuel flow, and is only opened under the large working condition, so that the atomization performance is ensured. Two fuel oil paths are pre-filmed through the second sleeve 6, and rotational flow air formed by the first blades 10 and the second blades 7 is sheared and then broken, so that good atomization performance is guaranteed, good atomization quality of the pre-combustion fuel oil of the central staged combustion chamber in a wide working condition range can be guaranteed, and stable combustion and low-pollution emission in all working conditions are realized.
In an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the centrifugal nozzle 8 is threaded at the first opening, at least part of the centrifugal nozzle 8 is located outside the first channel, and the centrifugal nozzle 8 located outside the first channel is located inside the first sleeve 4.
That is, the ejection port of the centrifugal nozzle 8 is located outside the first passage, and the ejection port of the centrifugal nozzle 8 is located inside the first sleeve 4. Wherein, the inner wall of the first sleeve 4 is provided with an avoiding groove at the injection port of the centrifugal nozzle 8.
Wherein the second casing 6 may be a venturi tube.
It should be noted that the hollow oil film cone ejected from the centrifugal nozzle 8 of the secondary oil path hits the inner surface of the venturi tube to further form an oil film, and then the oil film cone is broken at the downstream of the outlet of the first air inlet channel 9 under the shearing action of two swirling air flows to form a good atomization effect. The oil mist taper angle of the centrifugal nozzle 8 is 60-120 degrees, and the oil mist is required to be ensured to strike the throat of the Venturi tube. In the full working condition range, the auxiliary oil way is kept open, the fuel flow is in the design value range, and the good atomization effect of the auxiliary oil way can be ensured.
In an alternative embodiment, the second sleeve 6 is sleeved on the plurality of first blades 10, that is, the second end of the second sleeve 6 is sleeved on the first end of the first sleeve 4, and the plurality of first blades 10 and the plurality of second blades 7 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence and intersecting manner.
It should be noted that the rotating directions of the first blade 10 and the second blade 7 are opposite, which can ensure that the two swirling air flows are opposite, so that a strong shearing force action is formed between the two air flows, and the atomization and crushing quality of the fuel oil is ensured.
In an alternative embodiment, the injection port 11 is provided to the first vane 10.
After entering the second passage, the fuel is injected through the injection port 11 at the tip of the first vane 10. The fuel oil in the main oil way is also sprayed on the inner surface of the Venturi tube to form an oil film, and then the fuel oil is crushed at the downstream of the outlet of the first air inlet channel 9 through the shearing action of the swirling air to form an atomization effect. Wherein the radial position of injection from the injection port 11 is required to ensure that the fuel injection position is in the vicinity of the venturi throat. Under the condition of large working condition, when the auxiliary oil way is opened, the main oil way is opened, and the flow of the main oil way is also in the range of the design value at the moment, so that the good atomization effect of the main oil way is ensured.
In an alternative embodiment, the plurality of injection ports 11 is provided, and the plurality of injection ports 11 are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of first vanes 10.
Among them, the number of the ejection ports 11 is 4 to 16. For example, the number of the ejection ports 11 is 10. The ejection port 11 may be a circular hole, and in the case where the ejection port 11 is a circular hole, the diameter of the ejection port 11 is 0.3 to 1mm. The injection angle of the injection port 11 is 0 to 90 °. For example, the injection angle of the injection port 11 is 60 °.
In an alternative embodiment, the casing 1 is provided with a second opening communicated with the first channel, the first opening and the second opening are arranged oppositely, the auxiliary oil feeder further comprises a cover body 2, and the cover body 2 is connected to the second opening.
It should be noted that, a first opening is disposed at a first end of the housing 1, a second opening is disposed at a second end of the housing 1, and the cover 2 is welded at the second opening, for example, the cover 2 is welded at the second opening by argon arc welding, so as to ensure the sealing performance between the two.
In an optional embodiment, the auxiliary oil feeder further includes a first oil delivery pipe 3, the first oil delivery pipe 3 is disposed on the periphery side of the casing 1, and the first oil delivery pipe 3 is communicated with the first channel.
The axial direction of the first oil delivery pipe 3 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the first passage. Wherein, the first oil delivery pipe 3 is welded on the periphery of the housing 1, and the first oil delivery pipe 3 is arranged near the second opening.
In an alternative embodiment, the inner cyclone further comprises a second flow pipe 5, the second flow pipe 5 is arranged around the first sleeve 4, and the second flow pipe 5 is communicated with the second channel.
The axial direction of the second oil delivery pipe 5 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the second passage. Wherein, the second defeated oil pipe 5 welds in the week side of first sleeve 4, and second defeated oil pipe 5 is close to the second end of first sleeve 4 and arranges.
Under a small working condition, the fuel flow is low, only the precombustion-stage auxiliary oil way centrifugal nozzle 8 is started, and the centrifugal nozzle 8 is designed based on the low fuel flow, so that a good atomization effect can be realized under the small working condition. Under large working conditions, the fuel flow is low, the opening of the precombustion-stage auxiliary oil way centrifugal nozzle 8 is ensured, meanwhile, the main oil way jet orifice 11 is opened, and the design of the jet orifice 11 is based on high fuel flow, so that a good atomization effect can be realized under large working conditions. The ratio of the fuel flow of the precombustion stage main oil way to the auxiliary oil way ranges from 5 to 20.
In the embodiment of the invention, the structure variability of the pre-combustion-stage double-oil-path pre-film type air atomizing nozzle is strong, for example, the number, the size and the angle of the pre-combustion-stage main oil path jet orifice 11 are variable, and the main oil path and the auxiliary oil path are independently designed, can be independently processed and combined for testing, so that the adjustability of a test scheme is ensured; the pre-combustion stage double-oil-way pre-film type air atomizing nozzle is low in cost, for example, the pre-combustion stage auxiliary oil-way centrifugal nozzle 8 is detachable and replaceable, and is convenient to replace; the inner ring swirler can be printed in 3D, so that the cost is low; the inner ring swirler and the outer ring swirler are independently designed, processed and installed, and different schemes are conveniently combined for testing.
The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a two oil circuit formula air atomizing nozzle in advance of burning stage which characterized in that includes: the auxiliary oil way oil feeder, the inner ring swirler and the outer ring swirler;
the auxiliary oil way oil feeder comprises a shell and a centrifugal nozzle, the shell is provided with a first channel, the shell is provided with a first opening communicated with the first channel, and the centrifugal nozzle is arranged at the first opening;
the inner ring swirler comprises a first sleeve, the first sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the shell, the first end of the first sleeve is flush with a nozzle of the centrifugal nozzle, a plurality of first blades are arranged on the peripheral side of the first sleeve, the first blades are sequentially arranged along the circumferential direction of the first sleeve, a second channel is arranged in the first sleeve, and the inner ring swirler further comprises a jet orifice communicated with the second channel;
the outer ring swirler comprises a second sleeve, the second sleeve is sleeved at the first end of the first sleeve, a plurality of second blades are arranged on the periphery side of the second sleeve, and the second blades are sequentially arranged along the circumferential direction of the second sleeve;
wherein the injection direction of the injection port faces the inner wall of the second sleeve;
the second sleeve is sleeved on the plurality of first blades, and the plurality of first blades and the plurality of second blades are correspondingly arranged in a one-to-one intersecting manner;
the injection port is arranged on the first blade.
2. The pre-combustion stage dual oil path pre-film air atomizing nozzle of claim 1, wherein said centrifugal nozzle is threaded at said first opening, at least a portion of said centrifugal nozzle is located outside of said first passage, and said centrifugal nozzle located outside of said first passage is located within said first sleeve.
3. The pre-combustion stage dual oil path pre-film air atomizing nozzle of claim 1, wherein the second sleeve is a venturi tube.
4. The pre-combustion stage dual oil path pre-film air atomizing nozzle as set forth in claim 1, wherein said plurality of injection ports are provided in one-to-one correspondence with said plurality of first vanes.
5. The pre-combustion stage dual oil path pre-film air atomizing nozzle of claim 4, wherein the number of said injection ports is 4-16.
6. The pre-combustion stage dual oil path pre-film air atomizing nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the housing is provided with a second opening communicating with the first passage, the first opening and the second opening being disposed opposite to each other, the secondary oil path oil feeder further comprising a cover body connected to the second opening.
7. The pre-combustion stage dual oil path pre-film air atomizing nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said secondary oil path oil feeder further comprises a first oil delivery pipe provided on a peripheral side of said housing, said first oil delivery pipe communicating with said first passage.
8. The pre-combustion stage dual oil path pre-film air atomizing nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the inner ring swirler further comprises a second oil delivery pipe provided on a circumferential side of the first sleeve, the second oil delivery pipe communicating with the second passage.
CN202210152995.8A 2022-02-18 2022-02-18 Pre-combustion-stage double-oil-way pre-film type air atomizing nozzle Active CN114636171B (en)

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CN108916911A (en) * 2018-04-27 2018-11-30 北京航空航天大学 A kind of pre-combustion grade uses the center classification low emission combustor head of pre- diaphragm plate structure
CN109340823A (en) * 2018-09-17 2019-02-15 北京石油化工学院 A kind of head of combustion chamber oil gas mixing machine

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