CN110486107A - The supercritical carbon dioxide electricity generation system and method for joint supercritical Water Oxidation Technology - Google Patents
The supercritical carbon dioxide electricity generation system and method for joint supercritical Water Oxidation Technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN110486107A CN110486107A CN201910698690.5A CN201910698690A CN110486107A CN 110486107 A CN110486107 A CN 110486107A CN 201910698690 A CN201910698690 A CN 201910698690A CN 110486107 A CN110486107 A CN 110486107A
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 190
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000009284 supercritical water oxidation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229960004424 carbon dioxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 91
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000010801 sewage sludge Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000790917 Dioxys <bee> Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010841 municipal wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- GCNLQHANGFOQKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C+4].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] Chemical compound [C+4].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] GCNLQHANGFOQKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005619 thermoelectricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/06—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by oxidation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
- F01K17/04—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant for specific purposes other than heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
- F01K25/103—Carbon dioxide
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of supercritical carbon dioxide electricity generation systems for combining supercritical Water Oxidation Technology comprising supercritical water oxidation unit, heat exchange unit, supercritical carbon dioxide generator unit, expanding machine generator unit and exhaust heat-energy utilize recovery unit；Supercritical water oxidation unit includes overcritical water oxidization reactor, heat exchange unit includes main heat exchanger, supercritical carbon dioxide generator unit includes turbine, motor, high-temperature heat exchanger, low temperature heat exchanger, high temperature compressor, cryogenic compressor and cooler, and expanding machine generator unit includes expanding machine and generator；Exhaust heat-energy includes liquefaction separation processing unit using recovery unit.The present invention relates to a kind of supercritical carbon dioxide electricity generation systems and method for combining supercritical Water Oxidation Technology, produce electricl energy while sewage sludge can be effectively treated；Realize the environmental development model that environmental pollution improvement and energy exploitation and application combine.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to surpassing for clean energy resource electricity generation system technical field, especially a kind of joint supercritical Water Oxidation Technology
Critical carbon dioxide electricity generation system and electricity-generating method.
Background technique
As energy shortage and problem of environmental pollution are increasingly serious, change the economic growth side of traditional high energy consumption, high pollution
Formula develops low-carbon economy, realizes sustainable development, is becoming the common choice of countries in the world economic development.
Development and utilization cleaning, new energy that is environmentally friendly, renewable and being conducive to ecological circulation are that the mankind alleviate the energy and environment
The key of problem.And electric energy consumption is one of principal mode of energy consumption, about 68% various other energy are converted into
Electric energy consumption.Therefore, it taps a new source of energy and converts electric energy for it to store and using there is huge meaning.
Currently as main new energy, solar energy thermal-power-generating is first to convert solar energy into thermal energy, then thermal energy is converted
At electric energy, there are two types of transform modes for it.One is solar thermal energy is directly translated into electric energy, such as the temperature of semiconductor or metal material
Difference generates electricity, thermoelectron and the power generation of thermoelectricity ion in vacuum device, alkali metal thermo-electric conversion and magnetohydrodynamic generator etc..It is another
Kind mode is that solar thermal energy is driven electrical power generators by heat engine (such as steam turbine), similar with conventional thermodynamic power generation, only
Its thermal energy is not from fuel, but comes from solar energy.
Geothermal power generation is a kind of generation technology using geothermal water and steam for power source.Geothermal can be converted to first
Mechanical energy, then mechanical energy is converted to electric energy.Underground heat is generally divided into low temperature underground heat (60~100 DEG C), medium temperature underground heat (100~150
DEG C) and high-temperature geothermal (150 DEG C or more).Since the temperature of underground heat is generally smaller than 250 DEG C, it belongs to low-grade energy.
In order to improve efficiency, geothermal power generation generally need to be with other heat source cogenerations.
However due to being unevenly distributed etc. of the cost of optically focused and underground heat, the power generation such as solar energy thermal-power-generating and geothermal power generation
Technology and not all city is suitable for.And the exploitation of new energy is not combined with environmental pollution improvement, is easy to increase city
Add construction and management cost.
With the development of social life and economic activity, urban population is increasing, and city size sharply expands, and city is dirty
Sewage sludge becomes the big problem of the puzzlement mankind.Produced electricl energy while city sewage and sludge how is effectively treated, and formed with
Low energy consumption, low emission are the low-carbon economy of mark, realize the sustainable development that environmental improvement and energy development combine, are cities
The major issue that economic development must solve.
Chinese patent (title are as follows: the supercritical carbon dioxide electricity generation system patent based on secondary reflection concentrating heat absorption technology
Number: CN201510666417.6) disclose a kind of technical solution using solar energy thermal-power-generating.Condenser system including the sun,
Heat-absorbing energy-accumulating heat-exchange system and electricity generation system.
Chinese patent (title are as follows: a kind of underground heat, combustion gas and supercritical carbon dioxide combined generating system, the patent No.:
CN201510132018.1 a kind of generation technology using underground heat and combustion gas) is disclosed.In technical solution, first including underground heat
Acquisition and utilization, posteriorly other energy collective effect heat-exchange systems of heat integration, are finally electricity generation systems.
Solar energy thermal-power-generating will not only build solar concentrating system, but also build thermal energy electricity generation system, and need
Water is heated to superheated steam state from ambient condition.Therefore it is asked using solar power generation there are at high cost, transfer efficiency are low
Topic., need to be by other fuel as auxiliary thermal source using geothermal power generation, such as generate electricity with gas Combined, system structure is complicated, dimension
Shield difficulty is big, and the expense cost of power generation is high.As it can be seen that in existing energy solution, most exploitations for all only considering new energy
It utilizes, to reduce environmental pollution, without considering the solution to the problem of environmental pollution having resulted in.Or only consider environment
The solution of pollution, without referring to energy problem.Resultant repeated construction, very high investment costs are negative as covert environment
Load and energy waste.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of joint the super of supercritical Water Oxidation Technology to face
Boundary's carbon dioxide electricity generation system, produces electricl energy while sewage sludge can be effectively treated, and realizes environmental pollution improvement and the energy
Develop and use the environmental development model combined.
It generates electricity the object of the invention is also to provide a kind of supercritical carbon dioxide for combining supercritical Water Oxidation Technology and is
The electricity-generating method of system.
The present invention solves its technical problem and is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of supercritical carbon dioxide electricity generation system for combining supercritical Water Oxidation Technology, it is characterised in that: face including super
Boundary's water oxidation unit, heat exchange unit, supercritical carbon dioxide generator unit, expanding machine generator unit and exhaust heat-energy utilize back
Receive unit；Supercritical water oxidation unit includes overcritical water oxidization reactor, and heat exchange unit includes main heat exchanger, overcritical
Carbon dioxide generator unit includes turbine, motor, high-temperature heat exchanger, low temperature heat exchanger, high temperature compressor, cryogenic compressor
And cooler, expanding machine generator unit include expanding machine and generator；Exhaust heat-energy includes at liquefaction separation using recovery unit
Manage device；The high-temperature flue gas outlet of overcritical water oxidization reactor is connected to the thermal medium entrance of main heat exchanger, main heat exchange
The thermal medium outlet of device is connected to the gas access of expanding machine, and the generating working medium outlet of main heat exchanger is connected to turbine, turbine
The generating working medium outlet of driving motor, turbine is sequentially connected high-temperature heat exchanger and low temperature heat exchanger, low temperature heat exchanger
Generating working medium outlet a part connection after cooler, cryogenic compressor is sequentially connected low temperature heat exchanger and high-temperature heat exchanger
Heat exchange entrance, a part connects back to the heat exchange entrance of high-temperature heat exchanger, high-temperature heat exchanger heat exchange after high temperature compressor
Outlet connects back to the generating working medium entrance of main heat exchange；The reduced temperature steam outlet of expanding machine is connected to liquefaction separation processing unit.
Moreover, the supercritical carbon dioxide generator unit includes the first turbine, the second turbine, the second motor, the second electricity
Machine, the generating working medium outlet of the main heat exchanger are respectively connected to the generating working medium entrance of the first turbine, the second turbine, and first
Turbine drives first motor (6), and the second turbine drives the second motor, and the first turbine, the second turbine generating working medium outlet is equal
It is sequentially connected high-temperature heat exchanger and low temperature heat exchanger.
Moreover, the working medium of the supercritical carbon dioxide generator unit is supercritical carbon dioxide.
A kind of electricity-generating method of supercritical carbon dioxide electricity generation system that combining supercritical Water Oxidation Technology comprising as follows
Step:
1) supercritical water oxidation unit generates thermal energy: supercritical water oxidation cell processing sewage, sludge, generates thermal energy；
2) supercritical carbon dioxide generator unit generates electricity: the thermal energy that supercritical water oxidation unit generates is right after main heat exchanger
The supercritical carbon dioxide working medium of supercritical carbon dioxide generator unit exchanges heat, and supercritical carbon dioxide drives as working medium
The transmission shaft of turbine rotation, turbine drives electric power generation；
3) supercritical carbon dioxide working medium circulation: the supercritical carbon dioxide lack of gas sequence after turbine acting passes through high warm
Exchanger and low temperature heat exchanger cooling, the supercritical carbon dioxide a part come out from low temperature heat exchanger enter high temperature compressed
Machine enters high-temperature heat exchanger preheating after compression, and another part is further cooled to the entrance temperature of cryogenic compressor through cooler
Degree preheats after cryogenic compressor compresses into low temperature heat exchanger, enters back into the preheating of high temperature regenerator, super with front portion
Critical carbon dioxide enters main heat exchanger heat exchange together, and the supercritical carbon dioxide after the temperature rise that exchanges heat is again introduced into overcritical dioxy
Change carbon generator unit, drive turbine rotation, electric power generation completes its closed cycle process；
4) expanding machine generator unit generates electricity: thermal energy a part is through main heat exchanger to overcritical two caused by the step 1)
Enter expanding machine generator unit after carbonoxide heating, is further converted to electric energy；
5) exhaust heat-energy utilizes recycling: extracting part supercritical carbon dioxide in tail gas and generates electricity as supercritical carbon dioxide
Working medium timing in unit supplements, remaining is handled through liquefaction separation, generates available gas fertilizer.
The advantages and benefits of the present invention are:
1, the supercritical carbon dioxide electricity generation system and electricity-generating method of present invention joint supercritical Water Oxidation Technology, it is overcritical
The thermal energy that water oxidation processes generate transfers energy to overcritical dioxy by heat exchange unit as heat source, the heat source
Change working medium --- the supercritical carbon dioxide of carbon generator unit；The supercritical carbon dioxide driving generator unit power generation being heated,
The thermal energy of supercritical water oxidation only partially passes to supercritical carbon dioxide generator unit, and remainder thermal energy enters energy rank
Ladder utilizes part, i.e. expanding machine generator unit, is further converted to electric energy, the Low Temperature Steam from the tail gas of expanding machine generator unit
It can be used as heat utilization, remaining tail gas obtains gas fertilizer after carrying out liquefaction separation, and the recycling and utilization of energy is greatly improved.
2, the supercritical carbon dioxide electricity generation system and electricity-generating method of present invention joint supercritical Water Oxidation Technology, it is overcritical
Water oxidation technology is a kind of technology that can be achieved to carry out a variety of debirs deep oxidation processing, is that reaction is situated between with supercritical water
Organic matter is fully converted to clean CO by homogeneous oxidation reaction by matter2、H 2 O、N 2With other harmless small molecules, In
Before oxidation processes, the supercriticality of water, i.e. 374 DEG C of temperature or more, pressure 22.1MPa or more should ensure that first, when oxidation is anti-
After should being normally carried out, temperature and pressure may be up to about 650~1000 DEG C in overcritical water oxidization reactor, and pressure about 25~
35MPa handles municipal wastewater and sludge using supercritical Water Oxidation Technology, which generates a large amount of thermal energy, will be overcritical
A large amount of thermal energy that water oxidation process generates, a large amount of thermal energy that supercritical water oxidation process is generated are converted into electric energy, realize environment
The environmental development model that pollution control and energy exploitation and application combine.
3, the supercritical carbon dioxide electricity generation system and electricity-generating method of present invention joint supercritical Water Oxidation Technology, it is overcritical
Carbon dioxide refers to that thermodynamic state is on critical point, i.e. temperature T >=31 DEG C, the state of pressure P >=74 atmospheric pressure,
Supercritical carbon dioxide is in the single phase between liquids and gases, has unique physicochemical properties, viscosity
Close to gas, density is close to liquid, and diffusion coefficient is between gas and liquid, therefore its spy for having gas and liquid concurrently
Point is not only easy diffusion as gas, but also has very strong solvability as liquid, thus supercritical carbon dioxide has height
Diffusivity and highly dissoluble.
4, the supercritical carbon dioxide electricity generation system and electricity-generating method of present invention joint supercritical Water Oxidation Technology, it is overcritical
Cycle fluid and heat-transfer fluid of the carbon dioxide as electricity generation system, the conversion process of energy of electric energy is converted to for thermal energy, by
In its density height, circulation is simple, so generating set is light-weight, size is small, under the conditions of temperature is lower compared to other working medium its
Brayton cycle efficiency is higher, makes it possible middle low temperature heat energy resource being converted into electric energy.
5, the electricity-generating method of the supercritical carbon dioxide electricity generation system of present invention joint supercritical Water Oxidation Technology and power generation
Method, for solving the problems, such as environmental pollution and energy shortage in urban development, it can also be used to distributed generation system, the program
It is produced electricl energy while sewage sludge can be effectively treated；Realize the ecology that environmental pollution improvement and energy exploitation and application combine
Type development model.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is process flow diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is energy transmission and conversion schematic diagram of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of supercritical water oxidation unit of the invention.
Description of symbols:
I- supercritical water oxidation unit, II- heat exchange unit, III- supercritical carbon dioxide generator unit, IV- expanding machine
Generator unit, V- exhaust heat-energy utilize recovery unit；
1- overcritical water oxidization reactor, 2- main heat exchanger, the first turbine of 3-, the second turbine of 4-, the second motor of 5-, 6-
First motor, 7- high-temperature heat exchanger, 8- low temperature heat exchanger, 9- high temperature compressor, 10- cooler, 11- cryogenic compressor,
12- expanding machine, 13- generator, 14- liquefaction separation processing unit.
Specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, the invention will be further described, and it is not limit that following embodiment, which is descriptive,
Qualitatively, this does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.
A kind of supercritical carbon dioxide electricity generation system for combining supercritical Water Oxidation Technology, as shown in Figure 1, including overcritical
Water oxidation unit (I), heat exchange unit (II), supercritical carbon dioxide generator unit (III), expanding machine generator unit (IV) and
Exhaust heat-energy utilizes recovery unit (V)；Supercritical water oxidation unit (I) includes overcritical water oxidization reactor (1), heat exchange list
First (II) includes main heat exchanger (2), and supercritical carbon dioxide generator unit (III) includes turbine, motor, high-temperature heat exchanger
(7), low temperature heat exchanger (8), high temperature compressor (9), cryogenic compressor (11) and cooler (10), expanding machine generator unit
It (IV) include expanding machine (12) and generator (13)；Exhaust heat-energy includes liquefaction separation processing unit using recovery unit (V)
(14)；The high-temperature flue gas outlet of overcritical water oxidization reactor (1) is connected to the thermal medium entrance of main heat exchanger (2), main heat
The thermal medium outlet of exchanger (2) is connected to the gas access of expanding machine (12), and the generating working medium of main heat exchanger (2), which exports, to be connected
It is connected to turbine, the generating working medium outlet of turbine driving motor, turbine is sequentially connected high-temperature heat exchanger (7) and low temperature heat exchanger
(8), generating working medium outlet a part of low temperature heat exchanger (8) connects successively after (11) through cooler (10), cryogenic compressor
The heat exchange entrance of low temperature heat exchanger (8) and high-temperature heat exchanger (7) is connected, a part connects back to after high temperature compressor (9)
The heat exchange entrance of high-temperature heat exchanger (7), the generating working medium that high-temperature heat exchanger (7) heat exchange outlet connects back to main heat exchange enter
Mouthful；The reduced temperature steam outlet of expanding machine (12) is connected to liquefaction separation processing unit (14).
Supercritical carbon dioxide generator unit (III) includes the first turbine (3), the second turbine (4), the second motor (5), the
The generating working medium outlet of two motors (5), the main heat exchanger (2) is respectively connected to the first turbine (3), the second turbine (4)
Generating working medium entrance, the first turbine (3) drive first motor (6), and the second turbine (4) drives the second motor (5), the first turbine
(3), the outlet of the generating working medium of the second turbine (4) be sequentially connected high-temperature heat exchanger (7) and low temperature heat exchanger (8).
The working medium of supercritical carbon dioxide generator unit (III) is supercritical carbon dioxide.
A kind of electricity-generating method of supercritical carbon dioxide electricity generation system that combining supercritical Water Oxidation Technology, feature exist
In: include the following steps:
1) supercritical water oxidation unit (I) generates thermal energy: supercritical water oxidation unit (I) handles sewage, sludge, generates heat
Energy；
2) supercritical carbon dioxide generator unit (III) generates electricity: the thermal energy that supercritical water oxidation unit (I) generates is changed through master
It exchanges heat after hot device to the supercritical carbon dioxide working medium of supercritical carbon dioxide generator unit (III), overcritical titanium dioxide
Carbon drives turbine rotation as working medium, and the transmission shaft of turbine drives electric power generation；
3) supercritical carbon dioxide working medium circulation: the supercritical carbon dioxide lack of gas sequence after turbine acting passes through high warm
Exchanger (7) and low temperature heat exchanger (8) cooling, from low temperature heat exchanger (8) come out supercritical carbon dioxide a part into
Enter high temperature compressor (9) and enter high-temperature heat exchanger (7) preheating after compression, another part is further cooling through cooler (10)
It is preheated after cryogenic compressor (11) compression into low temperature heat exchanger (8) to the inlet temperature of cryogenic compressor (11), then
It is preheated into high temperature regenerator, main heat exchanger heat exchange is entered together with front portion supercritical carbon dioxide, after the temperature rise that exchanges heat
Supercritical carbon dioxide is again introduced into supercritical carbon dioxide generator unit (III), drives turbine rotation, and electric power generation is completed
Its closed cycle process；
4) expanding machine generator unit (IV) generates electricity: thermal energy a part is through main heat exchanger to overcritical two caused by step 1)
Enter expanding machine generator unit (IV) after carbonoxide heating, is further converted to electric energy；
5) exhaust heat-energy utilizes recycling: extracting part supercritical carbon dioxide in tail gas and generates electricity as supercritical carbon dioxide
Working medium timing in unit (III) supplements, remaining is handled through liquefaction separation, generates available gas fertilizer.
The thermal energy that supercritical water oxidation treatment process generates is passed energy by heat exchange unit as heat source, the heat source
Pass the working medium of supercritical carbon dioxide generator unit --- supercritical carbon dioxide；The supercritical carbon dioxide driving being heated
Generator unit power generation, the thermal energy of supercritical water oxidation only partially pass to supercritical carbon dioxide generator unit, remainder
Thermal energy enters energy ladder using part, i.e. expanding machine generator unit, electric energy is further converted to, from expanding machine generator unit
Low Temperature Steam can be used as heat utilization in tail gas, remaining tail gas obtains gas fertilizer after carrying out liquefaction separation, and returning for energy is greatly improved
It receives and utilizes.
Supercritical Water Oxidation Technology is a kind of technology that can be achieved to carry out a variety of debirs deep oxidation processing, with super
Critical is reaction medium, and by homogeneous oxidation reaction, organic matter is fully converted to clean CO2、H2O、N 2And other
Harmless small molecule should ensure that the supercriticality of water, i.e. 374 DEG C of temperature or more, pressure 22.1MPa before oxidation processes first
More than, after oxidation reaction is normally carried out, temperature and pressure may be up to about 650~1000 DEG C in overcritical water oxidization reactor,
Pressure about 25~35MPa handles municipal wastewater and sludge using supercritical Water Oxidation Technology, which generates big calorimetric
Can, a large amount of thermal energy that supercritical water oxidation process is generated, a large amount of thermal energy that supercritical water oxidation process is generated are converted into electricity
Can, realize the environmental development model that environmental pollution improvement and energy exploitation and application combine.
Supercritical carbon dioxide refers to that thermodynamic state is on critical point, i.e. temperature T >=31 DEG C, pressure P >=74
The state of a atmospheric pressure, supercritical carbon dioxide are in the single phase between liquids and gases, have unique physics
Chemical property, viscosity is close to gas, and density is close to liquid, and diffusion coefficient is between gas and liquid, therefore it has concurrently
The characteristics of gas and liquid, is not only easy diffusion as gas, but also has very strong solvability as liquid, thus overcritical
Carbon dioxide has high diffusibility and highly dissoluble.
Cycle fluid and heat-transfer fluid of the supercritical carbon dioxide as electricity generation system, the energy of electric energy is converted to for thermal energy
Conversion process is measured, due to its density height, circulation is simple, so generating set is light-weight, size is small, phase under the conditions of temperature is lower
Than other working medium, its Brayton cycle efficiency is higher, makes it possible middle low temperature heat energy resource being converted into electric energy.
It is Q that the supercritical water oxidation treatment process unit time, which generates thermal energy,0, thermal energy needed for maintaining autoreactivity is Q1, heat exchange
System effectiveness η1(i.e. thermal energy pass to supercritical carbon dioxide efficiency), supercritical carbon dioxide electricity generation system efficiency eta2, then should
System unit time generated energy are as follows:
W1(η1, η2)=(Q0-Q1)η1η2
It is different according to design parameter value, in formula:
η1--- take 80%~90%；
η2--- take 46%~55%.
Expanding machine electricity generation system efficiency eta3, then the system unit time conversion electric energy are as follows:
W2(η1, η3)=(Q0-Q1)(1-η1)η3
In formula:
η3--- take 8%~15%.
The then technical solution, unit time total generated energy are as follows:
W=W1Ten W2
=(Q0-Q1)(η1η2+η3)
=(Q0-Q1)T
In formula:
η --- the technical solution effectively only export thermal energy generating efficiency, about 46.8~56.5%.
Part (Low Temperature Steam is used for heat supply) is utilized in conjunction with thermal energy ladder, the utilization rate of the total net output thermal energy of system is reachable
70% or more.
The control system of supercritical carbon dioxide electricity generation system based on supercritical Water Oxidation Technology of the invention, which uses, divides
Cloth computer control system combination big data and the intelligent control theory of cloud computing.The system under intelligent control includes starting
With shut down procedure, protection system and generator, control load, control temperature, in control system supercritical carbon dioxide circulation
The basic functions such as amount.In addition to this also application parameter can be accumulated and is analyzed, energy conservation is reached, is reduced by cloud computing data system
Discharge, improves efficiency.
Although disclosing the embodiment of the present invention and attached drawing for the purpose of illustration, those skilled in the art can be managed
Solution: do not departing from the present invention and spirit and scope of the appended claims in, various substitutions, changes and modifications be all it is possible,
Therefore, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiment and attached drawing disclosure of that.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of supercritical carbon dioxide electricity generation system for combining supercritical Water Oxidation Technology, it is characterised in that: including overcritical
Water oxidation unit (I), heat exchange unit (II), supercritical carbon dioxide generator unit (III), expanding machine generator unit (IV) and
Exhaust heat-energy utilizes recovery unit (V)；Supercritical water oxidation unit (I) includes overcritical water oxidization reactor (1), heat exchange list
First (II) includes main heat exchanger (2), and supercritical carbon dioxide generator unit (III) includes turbine, motor, high-temperature heat exchanger
(7), low temperature heat exchanger (8), high temperature compressor (9), cryogenic compressor (11) and cooler (10), expanding machine generator unit
It (IV) include expanding machine (12) and generator (13)；Exhaust heat-energy includes liquefaction separation processing unit using recovery unit (V)
(14)；The high-temperature flue gas outlet of overcritical water oxidization reactor (1) is connected to the thermal medium entrance of main heat exchanger (2), main heat
The thermal medium outlet of exchanger (2) is connected to the gas access of expanding machine (12), and the generating working medium of main heat exchanger (2), which exports, to be connected
It is connected to turbine, the generating working medium outlet of turbine driving motor, turbine is sequentially connected high-temperature heat exchanger (7) and low temperature heat exchanger
(8), generating working medium outlet a part of low temperature heat exchanger (8) connects successively after (11) through cooler (10), cryogenic compressor
The heat exchange entrance of low temperature heat exchanger (8) and high-temperature heat exchanger (7) is connected, a part connects back to after high temperature compressor (9)
The heat exchange entrance of high-temperature heat exchanger (7), the generating working medium that high-temperature heat exchanger (7) heat exchange outlet connects back to main heat exchange enter
Mouthful；The reduced temperature steam outlet of expanding machine (12) is connected to liquefaction separation processing unit (14).
2. combining the supercritical carbon dioxide electricity generation system of supercritical Water Oxidation Technology according to claim 1, feature exists
In: the supercritical carbon dioxide generator unit (III) include the first turbine (3), the second turbine (4), the second motor (5), the
The generating working medium outlet of two motors (5), the main heat exchanger (2) is respectively connected to the first turbine (3), the second turbine (4)
Generating working medium entrance, the first turbine (3) drive first motor (6), and the second turbine (4) drives the second motor (5), the first turbine
(3), the outlet of the generating working medium of the second turbine (4) be sequentially connected high-temperature heat exchanger (7) and low temperature heat exchanger (8).
3. combining the supercritical carbon dioxide electricity generation system of supercritical Water Oxidation Technology according to claim 1, feature exists
In: the working medium of the supercritical carbon dioxide generator unit (III) is supercritical carbon dioxide.
4. combining the power generation side of the supercritical carbon dioxide electricity generation system of supercritical Water Oxidation Technology according to claim 1
Method, characterized by the following steps:
1) supercritical water oxidation unit (I) generates thermal energy: supercritical water oxidation unit (I) handles sewage, sludge, generates thermal energy；
2) supercritical carbon dioxide generator unit (III) generates electricity: the thermal energy that supercritical water oxidation unit (I) generates is through main heat exchanger
It exchanges heat afterwards to the supercritical carbon dioxide working medium of supercritical carbon dioxide generator unit (III), supercritical carbon dioxide is made
Turbine rotation is driven for working medium, the transmission shaft of turbine drives electric power generation；
3) supercritical carbon dioxide working medium circulation: the supercritical carbon dioxide lack of gas sequence after turbine acting passes through high temperature heat exchange
Device (7) and low temperature heat exchanger (8) cooling, the supercritical carbon dioxide a part come out from low temperature heat exchanger (8) enter height
Warm compressor (9) enters high-temperature heat exchanger (7) after compression and preheats, and another part is further cooled to low through cooler (10)
The inlet temperature of warm compressor (11) is preheated into low temperature heat exchanger (8), is entered back into after cryogenic compressor (11) compression
The preheating of high temperature regenerator enters main heat exchanger heat exchange together with front portion supercritical carbon dioxide, super facing after the temperature rise that exchanges heat
Boundary's carbon dioxide is again introduced into supercritical carbon dioxide generator unit (III), drives turbine rotation, and electric power generation is completed it and closed
Formula cyclic process；
4) expanding machine generator unit (IV) generates electricity: thermal energy a part is through main heat exchanger to overcritical two caused by the step 1)
Enter expanding machine generator unit (IV) after carbonoxide heating, is further converted to electric energy；
5) exhaust heat-energy utilizes recycling: part supercritical carbon dioxide is extracted in tail gas as supercritical carbon dioxide generator unit
(III) the working medium timing in supplements, remaining is handled through liquefaction separation, generates available gas fertilizer.
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| CN114412596A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-04-29 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | Supercritical carbon dioxide circulation power generation system |
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