CN110484742A - A kind of method that electron-beam smelting High Purity prepares Fe-W intermediate alloy - Google Patents
A kind of method that electron-beam smelting High Purity prepares Fe-W intermediate alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN110484742A CN110484742A CN201910706117.4A CN201910706117A CN110484742A CN 110484742 A CN110484742 A CN 110484742A CN 201910706117 A CN201910706117 A CN 201910706117A CN 110484742 A CN110484742 A CN 110484742A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/16—Remelting metals
- C22B9/22—Remelting metals with heating by wave energy or particle radiation
- C22B9/228—Remelting metals with heating by wave energy or particle radiation by particle radiation, e.g. electron beams
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods that electron-beam smelting High Purity prepares Fe-W intermediate alloy, with following steps: carrying out electron-beam smelting to the raw material in water-cooled copper melting kettle, obtain molten alloy；Part molten alloy in water-cooled copper melting kettle at this time is incited somebody to action to pour into water-cooled copper solidification crucible, when the amount of molten alloy after be poured into water-cooled copper solidification crucible at this time can satisfy its thickness requirement after solidifying, reducing beam power solidifies the molten alloy in water-cooled copper melting kettle, and keep red heat state, it is subject to and does not flow, meanwhile the molten alloy in water-cooled copper solidification crucible quickly solidifies；Beam power is increased, is completely melt the alloy of the red heat state in water-cooled copper melting kettle；Repeat the above steps until water-cooled copper melting kettle in molten alloy exhaust, obtain be located at water-cooled copper solidification crucible in Fe-W intermediate alloy.The present invention can increase substantially the metallurgical quality of Fe-W intermediate alloy ingot casting, while reduce the content of impurity element C, P in alloy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of alloy preparation method, among specifically a kind of electron-beam smelting High Purity preparation Fe-W
The method of alloy.
Background technique
Intermediate alloy is commonly used for melting correlation due to having the factors such as relatively low fusing point, chemical property be more stable
The additive of alloy.Wherein Fe-W alloy is exactly critically important one kind, the utilization of the intermediate alloy reduce smelting temperature and
Production cost.Currently, Fe-W alloy in the market, be divided into two classes: FeW75 its tungstenic amount is miscellaneous generally 70%~80% or so
Matter content C≤0.20%, P≤0.04%, S≤0.08%, Si≤0.5%, Mn≤0.25%；Its tungstenic amount of FeW80 generally exists
75%~85%, impurity content C≤0.20%, P≤0.04%, S≤0.08%, Si≤0.7% and Mn≤0.25%.It can be seen that miscellaneous
Matter content is higher.In addition, being easy to appear macro-components segregation, such as make the Fe-W of reducing agent production in height using ferrosilicon and aluminium
Existing segregation is very big (2~5%W).
In many critical materials of aerospace field such as Inconel 718plus nickel base superalloy, W, Fe's
Addition is very important, and can be obviously improved the mechanical property of alloy.As high temperature alloy melting preparation in the key link,
There is very big influence to alloy impurity level and metallurgical quality.The performances such as alloy impurity element, creep lasting to high temperature alloy
It can produce serious influence, it is necessary to which their content and quantity are controlled to alap level.If directly adding High Purity
W simple substance element, undoubtedly increase cost and also improve requirement to equipment.
Summary of the invention
According to technical problem set forth above, and provide the side that a kind of electron-beam smelting High Purity prepares Fe-W intermediate alloy
Method.Electron-beam smelting technology melts it completely using the beam bombardment base material of high-energy density under conditions of high vacuum,
And make molten bath in the higher temperature overheating regular hour, thus realize the High Purity to metal material, low segregation preparation.In essence
During refining, vacuum degree can generally keep 1 × 10-3~1 × 10-1Pa, in base material gas, nonmetal inclusion with
And the removal of volatile impurity is more effective.In addition, water jacketed copper crucible will not bring new impurity element into, and can provide big
Cooling rate, to obtain the ingot casting of low segregation.Based on the refining condition that electron beam is excellent, industrial Fe-W is refined,
And in the way of layering solidification, makes melt Rapid Directional Solidification, reduce impurity element C, P content in alloy；By the macro of ingot casting
Segregation control is seen in minimum range；Reference is provided for the engineering High Purity preparation of large-scale Fe-W intermediate alloy ingot casting.This
It is as follows to invent the technological means used:
A kind of method that electron-beam smelting High Purity prepares Fe-W intermediate alloy has following steps:
S1, the raw material Fe and W of Fe-W intermediate alloy are broken into fragment；
S2, the raw material for being broken into fragment is cleaned, it is spare；
S3, the raw material after cleaning up is placed in the water-cooled copper melting kettle of electron beam furnace；
S4, electron beam furnace progress vacuum is taken out in advance, later, pumping high vacuum is carried out to electron beam furnace, reaches high
Vacuum standard；
S5, electron-beam smelting is carried out to the raw material in water-cooled copper melting kettle, obtains molten alloy；
S6, will part molten alloy pours into water-cooled copper solidification crucible in water-cooled copper melting kettle at this time, and keep water cooling
Molten alloy is still molten state in copper weld pool crucible, and the amount of the molten alloy to be poured into water-cooled copper solidification crucible at this time can expire
When its thickness requirement after solidifying of foot, reducing beam power solidifies the molten alloy in water-cooled copper melting kettle, and keeps red
Warm status is subject to and is not flowed, meanwhile, the molten alloy in water-cooled copper solidification crucible quickly solidifies；
Beam power is increased, is completely melt the alloy of the red heat state in water-cooled copper melting kettle；
S7, step S6 is repeated, until molten alloy exhausts in water-cooled copper melting kettle, the melting in water-cooled copper solidification crucible
Alloy quickly solidifies, and obtains the Fe-W intermediate alloy being located in water-cooled copper solidification crucible.
In the step S1, the three-dimensional dimension of the fragment is less than 20mm.
Specific step is as follows by the step S4:
It closes electron-beam smelting furnace door progress vacuum to take out in advance, as the working chamber of electron beam furnace vacuum degree≤10Pa
Afterwards, pumping high vacuum is carried out to electron beam furnace, so that working chamber's vacuum degree of electron beam furnace is less than 5 × 10-2Pa, electronics
Gun body vacuum degree is less than 5 × 10-3Pa reaches high vacuum standard.
Specific step is as follows by the step S5:
S51, after reaching high vacuum standard, start electron-beam smelting after the filament pre-heating of electron beam furnace；
S52, it is slowly increased line with 5~10mA/s to 6kW, keeps 3min, while controlling beam spot and uniformly scanning
Raw material surface fully preheats it in water-cooled copper melting kettle；
S53, it is slowly increased line with 5~10mA/s to 12kW, keeps 10min, while controlling beam spot and uniformly sweeping
The raw material being fully warmed-up in water-cooled copper melting kettle is retouched, raw material is carried out primary melting；
S54, refining: line is slowly increased with 5~10mA/s and keeps 10min to 15kW, while it is uniform to control beam spot
Scanning water-cooled copper melting kettle in primary melting raw material, obtain molten alloy.
Above-mentioned each " while controlling beam spot and uniformly scanning " refers to the process for increasing line and keeps the process of power equal
Beam spot is controlled uniformly to scan.
In the step S5, the beam spot size setting value is 5 × 5 (device parameters).
In the step S6, the scanning range of beam spot is controlled to keep the molten alloy in water-cooled copper melting kettle to be still
Molten state and it is completely melt the alloy of the red heat state in water-cooled copper melting kettle.
In the step S54 and step S6, the scanning speed of the beam spot be should ensure that in water-cooled copper melting kettle
Material surface is entirely material subject to molten state, in water-cooled copper melting kettle without resolidified region.
Thickness < 10mm in the step S6, after solidification.
In the step S2, the cleaning is referred to: to being broken into the raw material of fragment respectively under alcohol immersion, with ultrasound
Cleaning machine cleaning, scavenging period 10min；
Before step S3, it is also necessary to clean up water-cooled copper melting kettle and water-cooled copper solidification crucible.
The present invention can increase substantially the metallurgical quality of Fe-W intermediate alloy ingot casting, while reduce impurity element in alloy
C, the content of P；In the way of layering solidification, the component segregation of Fe-W intermediate alloy ingot casting in the height direction is effectively controlled
And microsegregation；The engineering High Purity preparation of Fe-W intermediate alloy can be achieved.
The present invention can be widely popularized in fields such as alloy preparations based on the above reasons.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to do simply to introduce, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is this hair
Bright some embodiments for those of ordinary skill in the art without any creative labor, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is electron-beam smelting High Purity preparation Fe-W intermediate alloy equipment signal in a specific embodiment of the invention
Figure.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
Every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of electron-beam smelting High Purity prepares Fe-W intermediate alloy equipment, including feed opening 1, charger
Structure slideway 2, charging mechanism 3, water-cooled copper melting kettle 4, water-cooled copper melting kettle lifting device 5, electron gun 6, water-cooled copper solidification
The working chamber 8 of crucible 7 and electron beam furnace.
A kind of method that electron-beam smelting High Purity prepares Fe-W intermediate alloy has following steps:
One, raw material preparation
The raw material Fe and W of Fe-W intermediate alloy are broken into the fragment that three-dimensional dimension is less than 20mm.
1. cleaning
To the raw material of fragment is broken into respectively under alcohol immersion, cleaned with supersonic cleaning machine, scavenging period 10min,
And water-cooled copper melting kettle 4 and water-cooled copper solidification crucible 7 are cleaned up.
2. charging
Raw material after cleaning up is placed in the water-cooled copper melting kettle 4 in electron beam furnace.
Two, electron-beam smelting
1. after charging, closing electron-beam smelting furnace door progress vacuum and taking out in advance, when the working chamber of electron beam furnace 8
After vacuum degree≤10Pa, pumping high vacuum is carried out to electron beam furnace, so that 8 vacuum degree of working chamber of electron beam furnace is less than
5×10-2Pa, electron gun vacuum degree is less than 5 × 10-3Pa reaches high vacuum standard.
2. after reaching high vacuum standard, starting electron-beam smelting after the filament pre-heating of electron beam furnace；With 5~10mA/s
It is slowly increased line and keeps 3min to 6kW, while controlling beam spot and uniformly scanning stock chart in water-cooled copper melting kettle 4
It is fully preheated in face of it；Line is slowly increased with 5~10mA/s and keeps 10min to 12kW, while controlling beam spot
The raw material being fully warmed-up in uniform scanning water-cooled copper melting kettle 4, carries out raw material primary melting；Refining: with 5~10mA/s
It is slowly increased line and keeps 10min to 15kW, while controlling beam spot and uniformly scanning in water-cooled copper melting kettle 4 tentatively
Melt raw material obtains molten alloy.
Beam spot size setting value is 5 × 5 (device parameters) in above procedure.
It, will part molten alloy pours into water-cooled copper melting kettle 4 at this time 3. start water-cooled copper melting kettle lifting device 5
In water-cooled copper solidification crucible 7, and the scanning range of beam spot is controlled to keep the molten alloy in water-cooled copper melting kettle 4 to be still
Molten state, the amount of the molten alloy after be poured into water-cooled copper solidification crucible 7 at this time can satisfy its thickness < 10mm after solidifying
It is required that when, reducing beam power solidifies the molten alloy in water-cooled copper melting kettle 4, and keeps red heat state, not flow
Subject to, meanwhile, the molten alloy in water-cooled copper solidification crucible 7 quickly solidifies；
Beam power is increased, is completely melt the alloy of the red heat state in water-cooled copper melting kettle 4；
4. step 2 .3 is repeated, until molten alloy exhausts in water-cooled copper melting kettle 4, in water-cooled copper solidification crucible 7
Molten alloy quickly solidifies, and obtains the Fe-W intermediate alloy being located in water-cooled copper solidification crucible 7.
This method this give careful note to details are as follows: to guarantee uniformity and refining effect, start after refining and aluminium alloy toppled over
Cheng Zhong, the scanning speed of the beam spot should ensure that the material surface in water-cooled copper melting kettle 4 is entirely subject to molten state,
Material in water-cooled copper melting kettle 4 is without resolidified region.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
Pipe present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: its according to
So be possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to some or all of the technical features into
Row equivalent replacement；And these are modified or replaceed, various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
The range of scheme.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of method that electron-beam smelting High Purity prepares Fe-W intermediate alloy, it is characterised in that have following steps:
S1, the raw material Fe and W of Fe-W intermediate alloy are broken into fragment；
S2, the raw material for being broken into fragment is cleaned, it is spare；
S3, the raw material after cleaning up is placed in the water-cooled copper melting kettle of electron beam furnace；
S4, electron beam furnace progress vacuum is taken out in advance, later, pumping high vacuum is carried out to electron beam furnace, reaches high vacuum
Standard；
S5, electron-beam smelting is carried out to the raw material in water-cooled copper melting kettle, obtains molten alloy；
S6, will part molten alloy pours into water-cooled copper solidification crucible in water-cooled copper melting kettle at this time, and keep water-cooled copper molten
Refining molten alloy in crucible is still molten state, and the amount of the molten alloy to be poured into water-cooled copper solidification crucible at this time can satisfy it
When thickness requirement after solidification, reducing beam power solidifies the molten alloy in water-cooled copper melting kettle, and keeps red heat shape
State is subject to and is not flowed, meanwhile, the molten alloy in water-cooled copper solidification crucible quickly solidifies；
Beam power is increased, is completely melt the alloy of the red heat state in water-cooled copper melting kettle；
S7, step S6 is repeated, until molten alloy exhausts in water-cooled copper melting kettle, the molten alloy in water-cooled copper solidification crucible
Quickly solidification obtains the Fe-W intermediate alloy being located in water-cooled copper solidification crucible.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: the three-dimensional dimension of the fragment is less than in the step S1
20mm。
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: the step S4 specific step is as follows:
Electron-beam smelting furnace door progress vacuum is closed to take out in advance, it is right after the working chamber of electron beam furnace vacuum degree≤10Pa
Electron beam furnace carries out pumping high vacuum, so that working chamber's vacuum degree of electron beam furnace is less than 5 × 10-2Pa, electron gun
Vacuum degree is less than 5 × 10-3Pa reaches high vacuum standard.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: the step S5 specific step is as follows:
S51, after reaching high vacuum standard, start electron-beam smelting after the filament pre-heating of electron beam furnace；
S52, it is slowly increased line with 5~10mA/s to 6kW, keeps 3min, while controlling beam spot and uniformly scanning water cooling
Raw material surface fully preheats it in copper weld pool crucible；
S53, it is slowly increased line with 5~10mA/s to 12kW, keeps 10min, while controlling beam spot and uniformly scanning water
The raw material being fully warmed-up in cold copper weld pool crucible carries out raw material primary melting；
S54, refining: line is slowly increased with 5~10mA/s and keeps 10min to 15kW, while controlling beam spot and uniformly sweeping
Primary melting raw material in water-cooled copper melting kettle is retouched, molten alloy is obtained.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized by: in the step S5, the beam spot size setting value
It is 5 × 5.
6. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: controlling the scanning range of beam spot in the step S6
It is still molten state and the conjunction for making the red heat state in water-cooled copper melting kettle to keep molten alloy in water-cooled copper melting kettle
Gold is completely melt.
7. the method according to claim 4 or 6, it is characterised in that: in the step S54 and step S6, the electron beam
The scanning speed of spot should ensure that the material surface in water-cooled copper melting kettle is entirely subject to molten state, in water-cooled copper melting kettle
Material without resolidified region.
8. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: thickness < 10mm in the step S6, after solidification.
9. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: the cleaning refers in the step S2: to being broken into
The raw material of fragment under alcohol immersion, is cleaned, scavenging period 10min respectively with supersonic cleaning machine；
Before step S3, it is also necessary to clean up water-cooled copper melting kettle and water-cooled copper solidification crucible.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112322906A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-02-05 | 上海大学 | Device and method for improving uniformity of high-temperature alloy casting blank |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107574322A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2018-01-12 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of method that electronic torch melting technology High Purity prepares nickel base superalloy |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107574322A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2018-01-12 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of method that electronic torch melting technology High Purity prepares nickel base superalloy |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112322906A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-02-05 | 上海大学 | Device and method for improving uniformity of high-temperature alloy casting blank |
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