CN110483636B - 人源抗HIVgp120特异性抗体Z166及其应用方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明的人源抗HIVgp120特异性抗体Z166,提供了该抗体及其活性片段的氨基酸序列、提供该抗体或其活性片段的编码基因;同时提供了该抗体及其活性片段在制备治疗或预防HIV感染的疾病药物中的应用方法以及在制备HIV诊断或检测试剂中的应用方法。抗体Z166可以有效地中和多种HIV病毒亚型,用于HIV感染患者的治疗,有效地介导效应细胞对HIV感染细胞的杀伤,还能介导效应细胞对HIV包膜蛋白稳定表达细胞系TF228的杀伤ADCC,抗体浓度大于0.2μg/ml以上时杀伤百分数保持在30%以上。本发明提供的抗体Z166可以用于HIV感染患者的治疗,适用在基于Z166的所有治疗由HIV引起疾病的抗体药物。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及来自人的抗体,具体而言,涉及通过基因工程制备的人源抗HIV的特异性广谱中和抗体,该抗体同时具备病毒中和能力和诱导强抗体介导的细胞毒作用(ADCC)的能力。
背景技术
1983年人免疫缺陷病毒(Human Immunodeficiency Virus,HIV)被发现,然而目前HIV疫苗研发尚未取得突破性进展,最主要的原因是该病毒具有超高的突变频率。高效抗逆转录病毒疗法(HAART)又称鸡尾酒疗法,是目前有效抑制HIV病毒的手段,然而由于患者须长期服药才能有效抑制病毒,药物毒副作用致使患者坚持性差。“长期不进展者(LTNP)”或“精英抑制者(elite controller)”的发现,为筛选高滴度的功能性抗体提供了可能。人源化广谱中和单克隆抗体具备亲和力高,针对病毒表位单一,病毒中和效果强,无副作用,介导抗体依赖的细胞介导的细胞毒性作用(Antibody-Dependent Cell-MedicatedCytotoxicity,ADCC)等优点。目前,具有广谱中和病毒活性的HIV单克隆抗体药物制剂在国内外已有多个临床试验在进行中,其在感染前预防和感染后治疗方面都发挥了巨大作用,其保护效果在HIV病毒,MERS病毒,登革热病毒,汉坦病毒,麻疹病毒,RSV病毒,狂犬病毒等动物感染模型中得到充分证实。此外,高亲和力、高特异性单克隆抗体还是病原快速检测试剂的关键组分。
全人源抗体的获得途径之一是通过抗体文库展示筛选技术。噬菌体展示技术是行之有效的高亲和力抗体的筛选技术,迄今为止,该技术已在HIV病毒,流感病毒,MERS病毒,埃博拉病毒,登革热病毒等病毒的广谱中和单克隆抗体筛选上成功运用,该技术获得的多个高效抗体先后进入药物临床研究,为抗原快速检测和抗体制药领域带来了新的希望和广阔前景。目前国际上针对HIV病毒的中和抗体已经进入临床试验阶段,如10E8-iMAb(Wagh,Seaman et al.2018)和Ibalizumab(Song,Pace et al.2016)等,并有多个进入二期以上临床研究用于HIV感染患者的治疗如VRC01(美国临床试验注册号:NCT01993706)和3BNC117(美国临床试验注册号:NCT02018510)。
HIV抗体的中和活性,和其介导的ADCC都是目前治疗性抗体研究的核心内容。HIV疫苗试验RV144的后期研究认为:疫苗接种自愿者体内高滴度的ADCC抗体与感染率呈显著负相关。国际上已有多个具有ADCC功能的HIV单克隆抗体被鉴定,其中包括CD4诱导型构像特异性抗体A32,近膜区(MPER)特异性抗体2F5。根据先前的观察,广泛中和的单克隆抗体可能不会显示出有效的ADCC活性;并且一些非中和性单克隆抗体显示出高ADCC活性。筛选同时具备高中和活性和高ADCC介导活性的抗体,是未来研究HIV感染与治疗的重点内容。
中国专利数据库中涉及人源HIV抗体相关的专利申请件并不多,仅有2011100781676号《人源HIV抗体的Fab片段及其编码基因与应用》、2013101544234号《人源HIV广谱中和抗体A16及其相关生物材料与应用》、2014100470952号《HIV-1Env特异性的全人单克隆抗体》等。迄今为止未见涉及人源抗HIVgp120特异性抗体Z166的专利申请件。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供人源抗HIVgp120特异性抗体Z166,提供该抗体及其活性片段的编码基因,提供该抗体及其活性片段的氨基酸序列;
本发明的另一目的是提供该抗体及其活性片段在制备治疗或预防HIV感染的疾病药物中的应用方法以及在制备HIV诊断或检测试剂中的应用方法。
发明人提供的人源抗HIV gp120特异性抗体Z166,是采用噬菌体展示技术,利用抗体特异性引物扩增抗体基因可变区片段,利用基因工程技术构建真核IgG表达载体,利用细胞工程技术通过瞬时转染和抗体纯化技术获得的;所述Z166抗体轻链可变区氨基酸序列含有如下所示的核苷酸序列,或含有如下所示的核苷酸序列经替换、删除或添加一个或几个碱基形成的具有同等功能的核苷酸序列;
Z166抗体轻链序列
gagctcacgcagtctccaggcaccctgtctttgtctccaggggaaagagccaccctctcctgcagggccagtcacagtgttagcagggcctacttagcctggtaccagcagaaacctggccaggctcccaggctcctcatctatggtacatccagcagggccactggcatcccagacaggttcagtggcagtgggtctgggacagacttcactctcaccatcagcagactggagcctgaagattttgcagtgtactactgtcagcagtatggtggctcaccgtggttcggccaagggaccaaggtggaactcaaacgaactgtggctgcaccatctgtcttcatcttcccgccatctgatgagcagttgaaatctggaactgcctctgttgtgtgcctgctgaataacttctatcccagagaggccaaagtacagtggaaggtggataacgccctccaatcgggtaactcccaggagagtgtcacagagcaggacagcaaggacagcacctacagcctcagcagcaccctgacgctgagcaaagcagactacgagaaacacaaagtctacgcctgcgaagtcacccatcagggcctgagcttgcccgtcacaaagagcttcaacaggggagagtgttag
其重链可变区氨基酸序列含有如下所示的核苷酸序列,或含有如下所示的核苷酸序列经替换、删除或添加一个或几个碱基形成的具有同等功能的核苷酸序列;
Z166抗体重链序列
gaggtgcagctgctcgagtcgggcccaggactggtgaggcctacacagaccctgtccctcagttgcactgtctctggtggctccatcagcaatggtgattactactggagttggatccgccagtccccagggaagggcctagaatggattggttatatctattccagtgggtccacttcctacaacccgtccctcaagaatcgagtctccatatcagcagacacgtccaagaaccagttctccctgaaattgacttctgtgactgccacagacacggccgtgtattactgcgccagagccgaaagagttttattttggttggggcagccacggggtggcctcgacccctggggccggggaaccctggtcaccgtctcctca
上述人源HIV gp120特异性抗体轻链核苷酸序列可以在不改变氨基酸序列的条件下,对可变区的基因序列进行改造,获得编码具有相同功能的抗体的基因;或根据表达抗体宿主的密码子偏好性,人工合成改造基因,以提高抗体的表达效率。
进一步地,所述抗体的轻链可变区和重链可变区可经过重组以形成较小分子量的Fab抗体或更小分子量的单链抗体(SCFV)Tab抗体和单链抗体同样具有识别HIV表面抗原的特性,小分子量的抗体具有穿透力强、易进入局部组织或细胞内发挥作用,可将上述编码Fab抗体的基因、SCFV抗体的基因克隆到表达载体,进而转化宿主,通过诱导表达获得Fab抗体和单链抗体(SCFV)。
进一步地,上述人源HIV gp120特异性抗体,为单链抗体、Fab抗体、微型抗体、嵌合抗体或全抗体免疫球蛋白IgGI、IgG2、IgG4、IgA、IgE、IgM或IgD。
发明人提供的该抗体及其活性片段在制备治疗或预防HIV感染的疾病药物中的应用方法一是将上述人源HIV gp120特异性抗体应用在制备HIV感染的治疗药物中,具体的做法是:利用上述获得的人源中和性HIV基因工程抗体可变区基因,以Fab抗体、单链抗体基因及全长IgG抗体的形式,在原核细胞、真核细胞(包括酵母细胞)及任何重组蛋白表达系统中表达和生产该抗体;或以上述可变区基因为基础改造后的含有该抗体基因的任何其他基因,获得具有高亲和力特异性识别HIV,中和HIV病毒感染,并能介导杀伤HIV病毒感染细胞的抗体产物,用以开发HIV抗原快速检测试剂盒,或制成临床上用于预防和治疗由HIV引起的疾病的抗体药物;二是将上述人源HIV gp120特异性抗体Z166用于检测病毒,作为潜在的HIV病毒检测试剂,具体做法是:利用SDS-PAGE、ELISA、体外病毒中和实验、抗体依赖细胞介导的细胞毒性杀伤实验方法对获得的IgG抗体Z166进行功能鉴定,结果表明表达纯化的人源IgG抗体Z166分子量大小符合预期;所述抗体可以高效结合HIV包膜蛋白gp120,其针对HIV-1病毒亚型BAL包膜蛋白gp120亲和力的EC50低于0.02μg/ml,其针对HIV-1病毒亚型包膜蛋白YU2的亲和力EC50低于0.06μg/ml。
本发明提供的抗体Z166可以有效地中和多种HIV病毒亚型,用于HIV感染患者的治疗,有效地介导效应细胞(如NK细胞)对HIV感染细胞的杀伤,还能介导效应细胞对HIV包膜蛋白稳定表达细胞系TF228的杀伤(ADCC),抗体浓度大于0.2μg/ml以上时杀伤百分数保持在30%以上。因此本发明提供的抗体Z166可以用于HIV感染患者的治疗。适用在基于Z166的所有治疗由HIV引起疾病的抗体药物。
附图说明
图1为人源抗体基因扩增和抗体表达流程图
图2为轻链可变区氨基酸序列分析图
图3为重链可变区氨基酸序列分析图
具体实施方式
以下实例进一步说明本发明的内容,但不应理解为对本发明的限制。在不背离本发明精神和实质的情况下,对本发明方法、步骤或条件所作的修改或替换,均属于本专利要求保护的范围。
若未特别指明,实例中所用的技术手段为本领域技术人员所熟知的常规手段。
实例1:人源抗HIVgp120特异性抗体的制备
1、抗原的标记。
从利用293F(Thermo Fisher Ltd,CAT#R79007)细胞表达含有HIV Sf162分离株全长包膜蛋白(Accession NO.EU123924)的质粒(pcDNATM3.1+,Thermo Fisher Ltd,CAT#V79020),镍柱纯化法纯化293F上清中的gp140三聚体(SF162)。用PBS将三聚体蛋白稀释成0.5~2mg/ml,然后利用Thermo Fisher公司的生物素(CAT#21335)按照其试剂盒流程将gpl40蛋白标记(分子数之比为蛋白:生物素=1∶20~100),室温避光孵育0.5~2h,然后用10kD的离心半透柱(MerckMillipore Ltd,CAT#UFC501096)8000g离心4~6次,用无菌PBS补充,将多余的生物素分子除净,标记好的gp120蛋白分子将用于筛选抗原特异性的抗体。
2、抗原特异性抗体的筛选
将噬菌体文库(库容约5.6x105cfu/ml)在室温(RT)下在PBS中的链霉抗生物素蛋白-M280-Dyna-珠上预吸附1h,并与50nM生物素化的HIV-1 gp140sf162和HIV-1gp120250nM非生物素化的温育;HIV-1 gp140sf162(摩尔水平比生物素化的HIV-1 gp120高5倍)在室温下温育2h;使用链霉抗生物素蛋白-M280-Dynabeads和磁性分离器(Dynal)从噬菌体文库中分离与生物素化的Envwere结合的噬菌体颗粒。用1ml含有0.1%Tween-20的PBS洗涤20次,再用1ml PBS洗涤20次后,用100mM三乙醇胺从链霉抗生物素蛋白-M280-Dynabeads上洗脱结合的噬菌体颗粒,然后用1MpH7.5Tris-HCl中和;对于第2次穿透,使用10nM(第3周为2nM)生物素化的gp140SF162作为抗原和5倍过量的非生物素化的HIV-1gp120用于竞争耗尽。在10nM非生物素化的存在下对2nM生物素化的HIV-1 gp140sf162进行第3次淘选后,通过噬菌体ELISA筛选96个单克隆与HIV-1 gp140sf162蛋白的结合。
3、抗体基因可变区的扩增
利用2018年Virus Research杂志上描述的引物(Sun,Lu et al.2017)和扩增方式扩增抗体基因重链可变区(VH)和轻链可变区(VK/VL)JH,VK,VL分别进行两轮扩增,首先取3-5μl cDNA为模板,用抗体可变区基因先导序列特异性引物进行第一轮扩增,具体为以引物1~4和引物45,46扩增重链可变区(VH);引物17,18,19和引物51扩增Kappa链可变区(VK),引物31~37和引物57扩增Lambda链可变区(VL)。然后利用带有酶切位点的巢式引物,以5μl第一轮扩增的产物为模板进行第二轮扩增,具体地,引物5~16和引物48~50扩增重链可变区(VH);引物21~30和引物53~56扩增Kappa链可变区(VK),引物38~43和引物58扩增Lambda链可变区(VL)。
PCR体系采用Tiangen的Super HiFi PCR Mix,程序为95℃3min;95℃30s,58℃~60℃30s,72℃1min,50个循环;72℃10min;4℃10min;扩增产物利用1.5%的琼脂糖凝胶电泳(120V,40min),切取400bp左右的可变区片段;为了避免污染造成假阳性,利用没有分选细胞的孔的cDNA为模板作为第一轮PCR的阴性对照,利用没有加入第一轮PCR产物为模板的反应作为第二轮PCR的阴性对照。对于已经扩增出来的重链可变区和轻链可变区进行配对,只有同时扩增出重链可变区和轻链可变区的配对才进行下一步酶切和载体构建。单细胞来源抗体基因扩增和抗体表达载体构建流程见图1。
4.真核瞬时表达载体的构建
利用Tiller于2008年发表在J Immunol Methods杂志上描述的抗体基因瞬间表达载体系统构建瞬间表达载体(Tiller,Meffre et al.2008)。该系统共含3个载体,分别用于表达IgGl重链,Kappa链和Lambda链,分别命名为IgH(Accession Number DQ407610),IgK(Accession Number DQ407610),IgL(Accession Number FJ517647);按照该系统,只要将载体和带有酶切位点的可变区片段进行双酶切,连接,转化,即可得到能够在真核细胞转染获得全长IgGl的抗体;重链载体和片段采用AgeI和Sail双酶切,kappa链载体和片段采用AgeI和BsiwI双酶切,Lambda链载体和片段采用Age I和Xho I双酶切。转化大肠杆菌后,挑取单克隆,利用5’端引物对载体插入序列进行测序,每个转化挑取3~5个细菌单克隆进行测序,以三个测序结果一致、插入序列和载体一起可以翻译成完整抗体片段、且插入序列不同于原始载体酶切前序列作为载体构建成功依据。
5.单克隆抗体的制备和纯化
2ml含有构建成功的载体的大肠杆菌接种到200ml 2YT培养基(trypton l6g/L,yeast extract 10g/L,NaCl 5g/L,Ampicillin 10048/1111)37℃转速250rpm培养16h。6000rpm离心15min收集菌体,按照质粒大量提取试剂盒(HiPure PlasmidMaxiprep kit,Thermo Fisher Ltd,Cat#K210006)的操作流程提取质粒,过滤除菌备用。利用/>FreeStyleTM293Expression Medium(Thermo Fisher Ltd,Cat#12338018)培养基于37℃CO2摇床培养箱培养293F(Thermo Fisher Ltd,Cat#R79007)细胞,待其按照S型增长曲线增殖长到密度为1.0x106/ml时,进行转染。每30ml的293F细胞转染37.5μg抗体质粒,其中重链和轻链质粒质量比为2∶3,转染后细胞在含8%CO2的37℃摇床培养箱125r/min震荡培养96~120h,离心收集上清。
利用北京义翘神舟公司的Protein G Agarose Beads(13103-PNAE-RN)并按照其操作流程纯化单克隆IgG抗体。用0.2M pH=2.2的甘氨酸溶液洗脱抗体,立即用1/20体积的IM的tri s-HCL(pH=9.2)中和,然后利用半透离心柱(Merck Millipore,Cat#UFC501096)8000g离心4~6次,用无菌PBS补充,将多余的甘氨酸分子去除干净。Nanodrop分光光度计检测OD280值以测定抗体浓度,0.22μm滤器过滤除菌,分装后于-80℃保存。纯化后的抗体用变性和非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测抗体纯度和大小。结果显示抗体表达成功,纯化抗体的大小符合预期,即变性电泳聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测时为两条带(50kd和25kd),非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测时为150kd条带。抗体纯度达到90%以上。
实例2:单克隆抗体针对HIV-I假病毒的中和活性测定
假病毒包装及抗体中和活性检测体系按照相关文献"Reconstitution and characterizationof antibody repertoires of HIV-1-infected"elite neutralizers"."Antiviral Res118:1-9.的描述进行。简述如下,用293T细胞共转染PNL4-3质粒(含VSV病毒骨架和含荧光素酶基因)和HIV-I包膜蛋白质粒以包装HIV-I假病毒。培养72h后收集病毒上清,检测病毒滴度。选择合适的病毒量与抗体梯度稀释液孵育后感染96孔板中的TZM-bl细胞,72h后裂解细胞,荧光素酶发光检测系统(Promega Ltd)检测裂解细胞中荧光素酶活性,以判定抗体对假病毒感染的抑制效果。未加病毒的孔为背景对照,加入病毒但不加抗体的孔为阳性对照。感染抑制百分数=(阳性孔读数-阴性孔读数-试验孔读数)/(阳性孔读数-阴性孔读数)x100%。感染抑制百分数在50%时对应的抗体浓度为抗体中和病毒的IC50值。Figure6不同浓度抗体针对不同HIV病毒分离株的中和活性(感染抑制百分数)。
实例3:单克隆抗体的抗体依赖的细胞介导的细胞毒性作用(ADCC)活性检测
DMEM培养基培养TF228细胞(细胞来源及特性见参考文献(Puri,Hug et al.1998),细胞密度约为90%,胰酶消化细胞后PBS洗两遍重悬,按照PKH67标记试剂盒(Sigma,PKH67GL-lKT)流程标记TF228细胞,并调节细胞密度为106/ml备用。用DMEM培养基梯度稀释待测抗体,与100μl标记的TF228细胞混合,置于37℃,CO2浓度为5%的细胞培养箱中孵育15min;加入100μl密度为2x107/ml的新鲜分离的健康人外周血单核细胞(PBMC),混匀后置于37℃,CO2浓度为5%的细胞培养箱中培养4h;每个反应加入1μl 7AAD(ThermoFisherLtd,Cat#302232),混匀后孵育15min,PBS洗涤细胞一遍,流式细胞仪检测。圈取PKH67(Sigma,MINI67-1KT,绿色荧光)和7AAD(Life tech,302232,红色荧光)双阳性,即死亡的TF228细胞群,分析不同处理该比例的差异。未加抗体的处理为阴性对照,85℃处理5min的TF228细胞为细胞杀伤阳性对照。ADCC%=[(待测样本双阳性细胞比例-阴性对照双阳性细胞比例)/(阳性对照双阳性细胞比例-阴性对照双阳性细胞比例)]x100%。结果显示,Z166能介导对靶细胞的显著的毒性杀伤。
SEQUENCE LISTING
<110> 贵州医科大学
<120> 人源抗HIVgp120特异性抗体Z166及其应用方法
<160> 2
<170> PatentIn version 3.5
<210> 1
<211> 381
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<400> 1
gaggtgcagc tgctcgagtc gggcccagga ctggtgaggc ctacacagac cctgtccctc 60
agttgcactg tctctggtgg ctccatcagc aatggtgatt actactggag ttggatccgc 120
cagtccccag ggaagggcct agaatggatt ggttatatct attccagtgg gtccacttcc 180
tacaacccgt ccctcaagaa tcgagtctcc atatcagcag acacgtccaa gaaccagttc 240
tccctgaaat tgacttctgt gactgccaca gacacggccg tgtattactg cgccagagcc 300
gaaagagttt tattttggtt ggggcagcca cggggtggcc tcgacccctg gggccgggga 360
accctggtca ccgtctcctc a 381
<210> 2
<211> 639
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<400> 2
gagctcacgc agtctccagg caccctgtct ttgtctccag gggaaagagc caccctctcc 60
tgcagggcca gtcacagtgt tagcagggcc tacttagcct ggtaccagca gaaacctggc 120
caggctccca ggctcctcat ctatggtaca tccagcaggg ccactggcat cccagacagg 180
ttcagtggca gtgggtctgg gacagacttc actctcacca tcagcagact ggagcctgaa 240
gattttgcag tgtactactg tcagcagtat ggtggctcac cgtggttcgg ccaagggacc 300
aaggtggaac tcaaacgaac tgtggctgca ccatctgtct tcatcttccc gccatctgat 360
gagcagttga aatctggaac tgcctctgtt gtgtgcctgc tgaataactt ctatcccaga 420
gaggccaaag tacagtggaa ggtggataac gccctccaat cgggtaactc ccaggagagt 480
gtcacagagc aggacagcaa ggacagcacc tacagcctca gcagcaccct gacgctgagc 540
aaagcagact acgagaaaca caaagtctac gcctgcgaag tcacccatca gggcctgagc 600
ttgcccgtca caaagagctt caacagggga gagtgttag 639
Claims (4)
1.编码人源抗HIV gp120特异性抗体Z166的基因,其特征在于编码所述Z166抗体轻链可变区的基因核苷酸序列为;
Gagctcacgcagtctccaggcaccctgtctttgtctccaggggaaagagccaccctctcctgcagggccagtcacagtgttagcagggcctacttagcctggtaccagcagaaacctggccaggctcccaggctcctcatctatggtacatccagcagggccactggcatcccagacaggttcagtggcagtgggtctgggacagacttcactctcaccatcagcagactggagcctgaagattttgcagtgtactactgtcagcagtatggtggctcaccgtggttcggccaagggaccaaggtggaactcaaacgaactgtggctgcaccatctgtcttcatcttcccgccatctgatgagcagttgaaatctggaactgcctctgttgtgtgcctgctgaataacttctatcccagagaggccaaagtacagtggaaggtggataacgccctccaatcgggtaactcccaggagagtgtcacagagcaggacagcaaggacagcacctacagcctcagcagcaccctgacgctgagcaaagcagactacgagaaacacaaagtctacgcctgcgaagtcacccatcagggcctgagcttgcccgtcacaaagagcttcaacaggggagagtgttag;
其编码Z166抗体重链可变区的基因核苷酸序列为:
Gaggtgcagctgctcgagtcgggcccaggactggtgaggcctacacagaccctgtccctcagttgcactgtctctggtggctccatcagcaatggtgattactactggagttggatccgccagtccccagggaagggcctagaatggattggttatatctattccagtgggtccacttcctacaacccgtccctcaagaatcgagtctccatatcagcagacacgtccaagaaccagttctccctgaaattgacttctgtgactgccacagacacggccgtgtattactgcgccagagccgaaagagttttattttggttggggcagccacggggtggcctcgacccctggggccggggaaccctggtcaccgtctcctca。
2.如权利要求1所述的编码人源抗HIV gp120特异性抗体Z166的基因,其特征在于所述人源HIV gp120特异性抗体轻链核苷酸序列在不改变氨基酸序列的条件下,对可变区的基因序列进行改造,获得编码具有相同功能的抗体的基因;或在不改变氨基酸序列的条件下,根据表达抗体宿主的密码子偏好性,人工合成改造基因,以提高抗体的表达效率。
3.如权利要求2所述的编码人源抗HIV gp120特异性抗体Z166的基因,其特征在于所述抗体的轻链可变区和重链可变区可经过重组以形成Fab抗体或单链抗体Tab抗体和单链抗体同样具有识别 HIV表面抗原的特性,小分子量的抗体具有穿透力强、易进入局部组织或细胞内发挥作用,可将上述编码Fab抗体的基因、SCFV抗体的基因克隆到表达载体,进而转化宿主,通过诱导表达获得Fab抗体和单链抗体SCFV。
4.如权利要求1所述的编码人源抗HIV gp120特异性抗体Z166的基因在制备治疗HIV感染的疾病药物中的应用。
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