CN110477020B - Composition for preventing and controlling tobacco bacterial wilt and preparation method and application method thereof - Google Patents
Composition for preventing and controlling tobacco bacterial wilt and preparation method and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110477020B CN110477020B CN201910802674.6A CN201910802674A CN110477020B CN 110477020 B CN110477020 B CN 110477020B CN 201910802674 A CN201910802674 A CN 201910802674A CN 110477020 B CN110477020 B CN 110477020B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N27/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing hydrocarbons
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
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Abstract
The invention relates to a composition for preventing and controlling tobacco bacterial wilt, a preparation method and an application method thereof, wherein the composition combines a bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum and limonene, can promote germination of bacillus amyloliquefaciens spores, and can improve the number of bacillus amyloliquefaciens; when the bacterial wilt remover is applied to fields, the bacterial wilt of tobacco can be effectively killed, and the occurrence and spread of bacterial wilt of tobacco can be controlled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological prevention and control in tobacco disease control, and particularly relates to a composition for preventing and controlling tobacco bacterial wilt, a preparation method and an application method thereof.
Background
Tobacco bacterial wilt is one of the most serious soil-borne diseases on tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) caused by L.solanacearum. The prevention and control measures for tobacco bacterial wilt can be divided into agricultural prevention and control, chemical prevention and control and biological prevention and control. The agricultural prevention and treatment measures are complex, the cost is high, and the popularization is difficult. Chemical control can damage the environment and is not beneficial to sustainable development; and pathogenic bacteria are easy to generate drug resistance after long-term use. The utilization of antagonistic bacteria and natural induction of bacteriostatic high molecular substances and other biological control technologies is a research hotspot in recent years.
At present, some high-efficiency antagonistic microorganisms are obtained by separating and screening bacterial wilt, and certain control effect is achieved. The bacillus amyloliquefaciens can inhibit the growth of plant pathogenic bacteria and improve the disease resistance and stress resistance of plants by generating secondary metabolites such as antibiotics and substances such as extracellular hydrolase and has an important function in biological prevention and treatment application. However, the number of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens generally decreases with storage time. Meanwhile, when the bacillus amyloliquefaciens is applied in fields, due to the complexity of the soil micro-ecological environment, the bacillus amyloliquefaciens cannot well exert the biocontrol function of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens, so that the bacteriostatic function and the disease control function of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens are difficult to show.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a composition for preventing and controlling tobacco bacterial wilt, which combines a bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum with limonene, can promote the germination of bacillus amyloliquefaciens spores and improve the number of bacillus amyloliquefaciens; when the bacterial wilt remover is applied to fields, the bacterial wilt of tobacco can be effectively killed, and the occurrence and spread of bacterial wilt of tobacco can be controlled.
The composition for preventing and controlling tobacco bacterial wilt comprises a bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum and limonene, wherein the mass ratio of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum to the limonene is 150: 1-100: 1.
in one embodiment, the bacillus amyloliquefaciens inoculant comprises bacillus amyloliquefaciens, diatomaceous earth and soybean meal.
In another embodiment, the bacillus amyloliquefaciens comprises 30 parts of a bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial agent and 0.2-0.3 part of limonene, wherein the bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial agent comprises 20 parts of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 1 part of diatomite and 9 parts of soybean meal.
Based on the composition for preventing and treating the tobacco bacterial wilt, the invention also provides a preparation method of the composition, namely diluting limonene by 50-100 times of water, uniformly spraying the diluted limonene into a bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum, and naturally drying the limonene to obtain the composition.
Based on the aforementioned composition for controlling tobacco bacterial wilt, the present invention further provides a method for applying the composition, that is, the composition and water are mixed in a ratio of 1: 100, and then respectively irrigating roots when the tobacco is transplanted, 30 days after the transplantation and 50 days after the transplantation according to the application amount of 50mL per plant.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the composition for preventing and controlling tobacco bacterial wilt can obviously promote the germination of bacillus amyloliquefaciens spores and improve the quantity of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens.
2. The control effect of the composition for preventing and controlling the tobacco bacterial wilt is higher than 70 percent and is obviously higher than that of a medicament control and a clear water control; the number of the rhizosphere soil ralstonia solanacearum is extremely lower than that of a medicament control.
3. The invention is used for preparing the prevention and control tobacco witheredThe composition has simple and easily available materials and low cost, wherein bacillus amyloliquefaciens, diatomite and limonene are commercially available products, and the number of viable spores of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens is not less than 1 multiplied by 108The limonene purity is 95%, the soybean meal is a byproduct obtained after soybean oil is extracted from soybeans and is used as a nutrient medium of bacillus, and the soybean meal can promote germination of bacillus amyloliquefaciens spores.
4. The preparation method of the composition for preventing and controlling the tobacco bacterial wilt is convenient and simple to operate and easy to popularize.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph comparing the amounts of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens of compositions (I) to (III) of the present invention and control 1;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the comparison of the amount of Ralstonia solanacearum in the rhizosphere soil of tobacco plants using the compositions (I) to (III) of the present invention and controls 1 to 3;
different capital letters in the figure indicate that the difference between each composition and the control reaches a significant level (P < 0.01).
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention and are merely examples. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
EXAMPLE 1 preparation of composition (I)
0.2kg of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 0.01kg of diatomite and 0.09kg of soybean meal are uniformly mixed to obtain the bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial agent. Diluting 2mL of limonene with the purity of 95% in 0.2L of water, uniformly spraying the limonene into a bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum, and naturally drying the limonene in the air to obtain the composition.
EXAMPLE 2 preparation of composition (II)
0.2kg of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 0.01kg of diatomite and 0.09kg of soybean meal are uniformly mixed to obtain the bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial agent. Diluting 2.5mL of limonene with the purity of 95% in 0.25L of water, uniformly spraying the limonene into a bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum, and naturally drying to obtain the composition.
EXAMPLE 3 preparation of composition (III)
0.2kg of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 0.01kg of diatomite and 0.09kg of soybean meal are uniformly mixed to obtain the bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial agent. Diluting 3mL of limonene with the purity of 95% in 0.3L of water, uniformly spraying the limonene into a bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum, and naturally drying the limonene in the air to obtain the composition.
Property testing of compositions (I) to (III)
Control 1: 0.2kg of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens;
control 2: 3mL of limonene with a purity of 95%;
control 3: and (4) clear water.
(1) Determination of the amount of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in the groups
30 days after the preparation of each composition, samples were taken from each of composition (I), composition (II), composition (III) and control 1 in a random sampling manner, and the number of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in each group was measured by plate counting, and the results are shown in FIG. 1.
As can be seen from FIG. 1, the number of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in the composition (I), the composition (II) and the composition (III) is significantly higher (P <0.01) than that in the control 1, and is 1.63-2.94 times higher than that in the control 1. It can be seen that the compositions prepared by the methods provided in examples 1 to 3 of the present invention can significantly promote the rapid germination of bacillus amyloliquefaciens spores and increase the number of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, wherein the number of bacillus amyloliquefaciens is the highest in example 3.
(2) Test for bacterial wilt prevention and control effect in middle-altitude area
The test is carried out in an X area with the altitude of 950m in Enshi of Hubei province, and tobacco bacterial wilt is serious all the year round when tobacco is planted in the test area. The test adopts a large-area comparison mode, and each area has the area of 133.4m2And planting 200 cured tobaccos.
Dissolving the composition (I), the composition (II), the composition (III) and the control 1 and the control 2 in 30.2L, 30.25L, 30.3L, 30L and 30L of water respectively, and then respectively irrigating roots once in the corresponding large area when the tobacco is transplanted, 30 days after the transplantation and 50 days after the transplantation, wherein each plant is 50mL each time; and the control 3 is directly irrigated with roots when, 30 days after and 50 days after the tobacco is transplanted.
The initial onset time of tobacco bacterial wilt of each composition and each control is recorded, disease investigation is carried out, the occurrence condition of all tobacco bacterial wilt in a large area is investigated once every 30 days, the control effect is calculated, and the specific results are shown in table 1.
Table 1: field control effect of tobacco bacterial wilt (middle altitude)
In the growing period of the tobacco field, the bacterial wilt disease investigation is carried out for 5 times in total, and as can be seen from table 1: composition (I), composition (II), composition (III) and control 1 all delayed the onset of tobacco for 10 days, but control 1 was significantly less effective than the compositions provided by the present invention as the growth phase progressed. Compared with the control 3 (clear water), the composition provided by the invention has good control effect on the occurrence of tobacco bacterial wilt, the control effect of the transplanted tobacco leaves in different periods is higher than 70%, particularly the control effect of the embodiment 3 is the best and is higher than 80%.
During the last investigation (115-116 days after transplantation), five-point sampling method is adopted in each large area, the tobacco plant rhizosphere soil in each composition (I) - (III) and the control 1-3 is collected, and the number of the ralstonia solanacearum in the soil is measured, and the specific result is shown in figure 2.
As can be seen from FIG. 2, after the compositions (I) to (III) of the present invention are applied, the number of rhizosphere soil ralstonia solanacearum is significantly lower (P <0.01) than that of control 1, control 2 and control 3, which is reduced by 69.06% -78.39% compared with control 1, 58.78% -71.21% compared with control 2 and 85.02% -89.53% compared with control 3. It can be seen that the amount of ralstonia solanacearum in the soil can be significantly reduced by using the compositions (I) to (III) of the present invention, wherein the amount of ralstonia solanacearum in the rhizosphere soil of the composition (III) is the lowest.
(3) Test for bacterial wilt prevention and control effect in low-altitude areas
The test is carried out in a Y area with the altitude of 550m in Enshi of Hubei province, and the tobacco bacterial wilt is serious all the year round when the tobacco is planted in the test area. The test adopts a large-area comparison mode, and each area has the area of 133.4m2And planting 200 cured tobaccos. The initial onset time of tobacco bacterial wilt of each composition and each control is recorded, disease investigation is carried out, the occurrence condition of all tobacco bacterial wilt in a large area is investigated once every 30 days, the control effect is calculated, and the specific results are shown in table 2.
Table 2: field control effect of tobacco bacterial wilt (low altitude)
As can be seen from the table 2, the tobacco regions using the composition of the invention all delay the occurrence of the tobacco bacterial wilt for 11 days, compared with the control 3 (clear water), the composition of the invention has good control effect on the occurrence of the tobacco bacterial wilt, the control effect of the tobacco leaves at different periods after being transplanted is higher than 70%, wherein the control effect of the composition (III) is higher than 80%; the control effect of the control 1 and the control 2 is obviously lower than that of the composition in the invention.
Claims (2)
1. The composition for preventing and controlling tobacco bacterial wilt is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: uniformly mixing 0.2kg of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 0.01kg of diatomite and 0.09kg of soybean meal to obtain a bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial agent; diluting 2.5mL of limonene with the purity of 95% in 0.25L of water, uniformly spraying the limonene into a bacillus amyloliquefaciens microbial inoculum, and naturally drying to obtain the composition.
2. The method of applying the composition for controlling tobacco bacterial wilt disease of claim 1, wherein: mixing the composition and water in a ratio of 1: 100, and then respectively irrigating roots when the tobacco is transplanted, 30 days after the transplantation and 50 days after the transplantation according to the application amount of 50mL per plant.
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| CN201910802674.6A CN110477020B (en) | 2019-08-28 | 2019-08-28 | Composition for preventing and controlling tobacco bacterial wilt and preparation method and application method thereof |
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| CN110477020B true CN110477020B (en) | 2021-06-01 |
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| CN105296386B (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2019-02-26 | 武汉骏安生物科技有限公司 | The interior raw bacillus amyloliquefaciens of one plant height production antagonism tobacco bacterial wilt active material |
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