CN110476685A - Device and method for combined artificial rainfall with charged particles and catalyst - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and method for combining artificial rainfall with charged particles and catalysts, and belongs to the field of artificial weather modification technology. The device includes: an aircraft, a catalyst spreading module, a charged particle generation module, a weather monitoring and evaluation module and a ground communication control module; the weather monitoring and evaluation module is located on the aircraft and is used for real-time monitoring of climate parameters in the aircraft working area; the ground communication control module The module is located on the ground, and is used to control the power of the catalyst spreading module and the charged particle generating module, as well as the heading and speed of the aircraft according to the climate parameters monitored by the meteorological monitoring and evaluation module; the catalyst spreading module and the charged particle generating module are spread under the load of the aircraft Catalysts and charged particles. The present invention combines traditional artificial rainfall with electrocatalytic rainfall, so that the temperature and humidity window requirements and catalyst consumption are greatly reduced, effectively reducing rainfall costs and environmental damage.

Description

Device and method for combined artificial rainfall with charged particles and catalyst

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of artificial weather modification technology, and more specifically relates to a device and method for combining artificial rainfall with charged particles and catalysts.

Background technique

The main principles of traditional artificial weather modification are: 1. Introducing dry ice, silver iodide and other catalysts into the cloud, these catalysts will absorb moisture in the target area, thereby producing a large number of ice crystals, which can increase the precipitation efficiency of cold clouds to a certain extent, thus It is called static catalysis; 2. The introduction of catalysts in the cloud will form ice crystals and water droplets. This physical process will release a large amount of latent heat, thereby strengthening the updraft of the cloud, accelerating the development of the cloud, increasing the accumulation of water in the cloud, and making the original The cumulus clouds that produce precipitation produce precipitation, which makes the cumulus clouds that may have precipitation increase the amount of precipitation, which is called kinetic catalysis.

However, the traditional method of artificial weather modification has serious drawbacks. The traditional artificial rainfall operation conditions are demanding. This is because the traditional method is effective only when the natural conditions have begun to rain. It is necessary to find a cloud system with suitable operating conditions, and the temperature window is narrow, and the external humidity is relatively high.

The basic principle of electrocatalytic rainfall is to electrify part of the aerosol in the air, and the electrostatic field of these charged aerosol particles has a polarization effect on other neutral water molecule clusters, resulting in charged aerosol particles to polarized water molecule clusters. The non-contact electric field cohesion promotes the increase of its condensation rate and promotes the formation of rainfall. Calculations show that, compared with the natural gravitational collision based on random thermodynamic motion in the traditional artificial rainfall enhancement technology, the collision efficiency between charged particles and neutral droplets is at least two orders of magnitude higher. Therefore, electrocatalytic rainfall will greatly expand the temperature and humidity window required for rainfall operations.

Although electrocatalytic rainfall can reduce the required temperature and humidity window, in the electrocatalytic condensation cloud droplet effect, the smaller the cloud droplet size, the greater the required density of charged particles. In the initial stage, it is difficult to achieve the required density of charged particles in a large cloud layer by simply relying on the charged particle generation system. At this time, a hygroscopic catalyst is needed to condense the cloud droplets to a certain particle size to reduce the demand for the density of charged particles in the action area. Catalysts are highly dependent, increasing rainfall costs.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a device and method for combined artificial rainfall with charged particles and catalysts, aiming to solve the problem that traditional artificial rainfall has strict requirements on the temperature and humidity window and that electrocatalytic rainfall has too high a requirement on the density of charged particles. The problem.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a device for combined artificial rainfall with charged particles and catalysts, including: aircraft, catalyst spreading module, charged particle generation module, meteorological monitoring and evaluation module and ground communication control module;

The catalyst spreading module and the charged particle generating module are evenly distributed under the aircraft; the meteorological monitoring and evaluation module is located on the aircraft and is used for real-time monitoring of climate parameters in the aircraft working area;

The ground communication control module is located on the ground and is used to receive the climate parameters monitored by the meteorological monitoring and evaluation module, and issue control instructions according to the climate parameters to control the power of the catalyst spreading module and the power of the charged particle generating module, and the heading and speed of the aircraft;

The catalyst spreading module is used to spread catalyst under the support of the aircraft; the charged particle generation module is used to spread charged particles under the support of the aircraft.

Further, the charged particle generation module uses electron beams to generate charged particles, including a high-voltage pulse power supply, an electron gun, a vacuum pump, a connecting flange and a vacuum isolation membrane;

The negative pole of the high-voltage pulse power supply is connected to the ground through the ground wire; the electron gun is connected to the vacuum pump through the connecting flange; the high-voltage pulse power supply is used to adjust the output voltage amplitude according to the control command issued by the ground communication control module. The value is transmitted to the electron gun to eject charged particles; the vacuum pump is used to extract the air pressure in the electron gun to keep it in a vacuum state.

Further, the material of the ground wire is carbon fiber.

Further, the charged particle generating module adopts corona discharge to generate charged particles, including an insulating reaction chamber, an insulating pipe, a positive electrode, a fan and a negative electrode;

The insulating pipeline is distributed on the upper and lower sides of the insulating reaction chamber; the positive electrode and the negative electrode are used to generate positive and negative particles respectively under the action of a high-voltage DC power supply; Negative particles are ejected from the insulating duct.

Further, the catalyst spreading module includes a storage tank, a container solenoid valve, a connecting pipe, a filter, a nozzle solenoid valve, and a high-pressure nozzle; the storage tank and the high-pressure nozzle are connected through the connecting pipe;

The container solenoid valve is used to control the catalyst output flow of the storage tank according to the control command issued by the ground communication control module; the filter is located in the connecting pipe and is used to filter the catalyst output from the storage tank. Catalyst impurities; the nozzle solenoid valve is used to control the output flow of the catalyst ejected from the high-pressure nozzle according to the control command issued by the ground communication control module.

Further, the catalyst is liquid dry ice or liquid silver iodide.

Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for combined artificial rainfall with charged particles and catalysts, comprising:

(1) Spread the carrier to carry the charged particles and catalysts to the set high-altitude area;

(2) Carry out real-time monitoring of the climate parameters in the working area of the spreading carrier, and control the density of charged particles and catalysts spread into the cloud layer, as well as the course and speed of the spreading carrier according to the monitored climate parameters;

(3) The spreading carrier moves according to the heading and speed, and simultaneously spreads the charged particles and the catalyst according to the required density;

(4) Charged particles and catalysts disperse into the cloud layer and produce rainfall in the corresponding area.

Further, the catalyst is liquid dry ice or liquid silver iodide.

Through the above technical solutions conceived in the present invention, compared with the prior art, the following can be obtained

Beneficial effect:

(1) Since the traditional artificial rainfall method works only when the natural conditions have begun to rain, the requirements for the temperature and humidity window are very strict. However, the present invention utilizes a catalyst for initial condensation, and then relies on electrocatalytic rainfall. The humidity does not need to be saturated during electrocatalytic rainfall, and the temperature window is wide. It is also effective when there is no natural rainfall. Compared with the traditional artificial rainfall method, the temperature and humidity window requirements are greatly reduced. , the rainfall effect is more significant, and the application range is wider.

(2) Compared with traditional artificial rainfall, the rainfall method of the present invention can improve the collision efficiency between particles to 2-3 orders of magnitude, so that smaller particle size cloud droplets can also participate in the rainfall process; the present invention is based on electrocatalytic rainfall Spreading the catalyst can form a large aerosol cluster, which is more effective than pure electrocatalytic rainfall, and the rainfall efficiency is effectively improved.

(3) Traditional artificial rainfall needs to sow catalysts such as silver iodide in the cloud all the time, and catalyst consumption is big, and the price of catalysts such as silver iodide is very high, makes rainfall expend huge cost; The present invention only needs to sow a small amount of silver iodide etc. The catalyst plays the role of initial condensation, and later consumes electric energy to rain, which greatly reduces the consumption of the catalyst, greatly reduces the environmental damage and effectively reduces the cost of rainfall.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a kind of device structural representation of charged particle and catalyzer joint artificial rainfall that the present invention proposes;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the charged particle generating module when electron beams are used to generate charged particles;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the charged particle generating module when the charged particle is generated by corona discharge;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the catalyst spreading module;

Among them, 1 is the aircraft, 2 is the catalyst spreading module, 3 is the charged particle generation module, 4 is the ground communication control module, 5 is the high-voltage pulse power supply, 6 is the electron gun, 7 is the vacuum pump, 8 is the connecting flange, and 9 is the vacuum isolation Membrane, 10 is an insulating reaction chamber, 11 is an insulating pipe, 12 is a positive electrode, 13 is a fan, 14 is a negative electrode, 15 is a storage tank, 16 is a solenoid valve for a container, 17 is a connecting pipe, 18 is a filter, 19 Is the nozzle electromagnetic valve, and 20 is the high-pressure nozzle.

Detailed ways

In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.

Referring to Fig. 1, Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a device for artificial rainfall combined with charged particles and catalysts, including: aircraft 1, catalyst spreading module 2, charged particle generation module 3, weather monitoring and evaluation module and ground communication control module 4; The catalyst spreading module 2 and the charged particle generating module 3 are evenly distributed under the aircraft 1; the meteorological monitoring and evaluation module is located on the aircraft 1, and is used for real-time monitoring of the climate parameters in the working area of the aircraft 1; the ground communication control module 4 is located on the ground and uses To receive the climate parameters monitored by the meteorological monitoring and evaluation module, and issue control instructions according to the climate parameters to control the power of the catalyst spreading module 2, the power of the charged particle generating module 3, and the heading and speed of the aircraft 1; the catalyst spreading module 2, It is used for spreading the catalyst under the support of the aircraft 1 ; the charged particle generating module 3 is used for spreading the charged particles under the support of the aircraft 1 .

As shown in Figure 2, when the charged particle generation module 3 uses electron beams to generate charged particles, it includes a high-voltage pulse power supply 5, an electron gun 6, a vacuum pump 7, a connecting flange 8 and a vacuum isolation membrane 9; the negative pole of the high-voltage pulse power supply 5 passes through the ground wire Connected to the ground; the electron gun 6 is connected to the vacuum pump 7 through the connecting flange 8; the high-voltage pulse power supply 5 is used to adjust the output voltage amplitude according to the control command issued by the ground communication control module 4, and transmit it to the electron gun 6 to make it eject charged particles ; Vacuum pump 7, used to extract the air pressure in the electron gun 6 to keep it in a vacuum state. Among them, the material of the ground wire is carbon fiber, which ensures the fixity of the working area of the aircraft and plays the role of grounding, and the carbon fiber material is light in weight, which is beneficial to the load capacity and flying height of the aircraft.

As shown in Figure 3, when the charged particle generation module 3 adopts the corona discharge method to generate charged particles, it includes an insulating reaction chamber 10, an insulating pipeline 11, a positive electrode 12, a fan 13 and a negative electrode 14; the insulating pipeline 11 is distributed in the insulating reaction chamber The upper and lower sides of 10; the positive electrode 12 and the negative electrode 14 are used to generate positive and negative particles respectively under the action of a high-voltage DC power supply; the fan 13 is used to eject the generated positive and negative particles from the insulating pipe 11.

As shown in Figure 4, the catalyst spreading module 2 comprises a storage tank 15, a container electromagnetic valve 16, a connecting pipe 17, a filter 18, a shower head electromagnetic valve 19 and a high-pressure shower head 20; the storage tank 15 and the high-pressure shower head 20 pass through the connecting pipe 17 Connection; the container electromagnetic valve 16 is used to control the catalyst output flow of the storage tank 15 according to the control command issued by the ground communication control module 4; the filter 18 is located in the connecting pipe 17 and is used to filter the catalyst output from the storage tank 15 Impurities: nozzle solenoid valve 19 is used to control the output flow rate of the catalyst ejected from the high-pressure nozzle 20 according to the control command issued by the ground communication control module 4 . Wherein, the catalyst is liquid dry ice or liquid silver iodide.

Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a method for combined artificial rainfall with charged particles and catalysts, including:

(1) Spread the carrier to carry the charged particles and catalysts to the set high-altitude area;

Specifically, the location of the high-altitude area is determined according to the cloud layer information, and it is better to select an area with a higher cloud layer density.

(2) Carry out real-time monitoring of the climate parameters in the working area of the spreading carrier, and control the density of charged particles and catalysts spread into the cloud layer, as well as the course and speed of the spreading carrier according to the monitored climate parameters;

Specifically, different meteorological parameters correspond to the pre-set density values of charged particles and catalysts that should be broadcast, as well as the course and speed of the broadcasting carrier, so that the charged particles and catalysts can be broadcast to the clouds that need to act; wherein, the catalyst is in a liquid state Dry ice or liquid silver iodide.

(3) The spreading carrier moves according to the heading and speed, and simultaneously spreads the charged particles and the catalyst according to the required density;

(4) Charged particles and catalysts disperse into the cloud layer and produce rainfall in the corresponding area.

It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention, All should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A device for charged particles and catalyzer in conjunction with artificial rainfall, is characterized in that, comprises: aircraft (1), catalyst spreading module (2), charged particle generation module (3), meteorological monitoring evaluation module and ground communication control module ( 4); The catalyst spreading module (2) and the charged particle generating module (3) are evenly distributed under the aircraft (1); The meteorological monitoring and evaluation module is located on the aircraft (1), and is used for real-time monitoring of climate parameters in the working area of the aircraft (1); The ground communication control module (4) is located on the ground, and is used to receive the climate parameters monitored by the meteorological monitoring and evaluation module, and issue control instructions according to the climate parameters to control the catalyst spreading module (2), charged particle generation The power of the module (3), and the heading and speed of the aircraft (1); The catalyst spreading module (2) is used for spreading catalyst under the support of the aircraft (1); the charged particle generation module (3) is used for spreading charged particles under the support of the aircraft (1). 2. the device of a kind of charged particle and catalyst combined artificial rainfall according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described charged particle generation module (3) adopts electron beam to produce charged particle, comprises high-voltage pulse power supply (5), electron gun (6), vacuum pump (7), connecting flange (8) and vacuum isolation membrane (9); The negative pole of the high-voltage pulse power supply (5) is connected to the earth through a ground wire; the electron gun (6) is connected to the vacuum pump (7) through the connecting flange (8); The high-voltage pulse power supply (5) is used to adjust the output voltage amplitude according to the control command issued by the ground communication control module (4), and transmit it to the electron gun (6) to make it eject charged particles; the The vacuum pump (7) is used to extract the air pressure in the electron gun (6) to keep it in a vacuum state. 3. A device for combined artificial rainfall with charged particles and catalyst according to claim 2, characterized in that the material of the ground wire is carbon fiber. 4. The device of a kind of charged particle and catalyst combined artificial rainfall according to claim 1, characterized in that, the charged particle generating module (3) adopts corona discharge to generate charged particles, including an insulating reaction chamber (10) , an insulating pipe (11), a positive electrode (12), a fan (13) and a negative electrode (14); The insulating pipes (11) are distributed on the upper and lower sides of the insulating reaction chamber (10); The positive electrode (12) and the negative electrode (14) are used to generate positive and negative particles respectively under the action of a high-voltage direct current power supply; The fan (13) is used to eject generated positive and negative particles from the insulating duct (11). 5. according to the device of a kind of charged particle and catalyzer joint artificial rainfall described in any one of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that, described catalyst spreading module (2) comprises storage tank (15), container electromagnetic valve ( 16), connecting pipe (17), filter (18), nozzle solenoid valve (19) and high-pressure nozzle (20); The storage tank (15) and the high-pressure spray nozzle (20) are connected by the connecting pipe (17); The container solenoid valve (16) is used to control the catalyst output flow rate of the storage tank (15) according to the control command issued by the ground communication control module (4); The filter (18) is located in the connecting pipe (17) and is used to filter the catalyst impurities output from the storage tank (15); The nozzle solenoid valve (19) is used to control the output flow rate of the catalyst ejected by the high-pressure nozzle (20) according to the control command issued by the ground communication control module (4). 6 . The device for combined artificial rainfall with charged particles and catalyst according to claim 5 , wherein the catalyst is liquid dry ice or liquid silver iodide. 7 . 7. A method for combined artificial rainfall of charged particles and catalysts, characterized in that, comprising: (1) Spread the carrier to carry the charged particles and catalysts to the set high-altitude area; (2) Carry out real-time monitoring of the climate parameters in the working area of the spreading carrier, and control the density of charged particles and catalysts spread into the cloud layer, as well as the course and speed of the spreading carrier according to the monitored climate parameters; (3) The spreading carrier moves according to the heading and speed, and simultaneously spreads the charged particles and the catalyst according to the required density; (4) Charged particles and catalysts disperse into the cloud layer and produce rainfall in the corresponding area. 8. the method for a kind of charged particle and catalyzer combined artificial rainfall according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described catalyzer is liquid dry ice or liquid silver iodide.