CN110473646A - A kind of controllable isotope neutron source - Google Patents
A kind of controllable isotope neutron source Download PDFInfo
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- CN110473646A CN110473646A CN201810707116.7A CN201810707116A CN110473646A CN 110473646 A CN110473646 A CN 110473646A CN 201810707116 A CN201810707116 A CN 201810707116A CN 110473646 A CN110473646 A CN 110473646A
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- neutron source
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- target nucleus
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21G—CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS; RADIOACTIVE SOURCES
- G21G4/00—Radioactive sources
- G21G4/02—Neutron sources
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of controllable isotope neutron sources, comprising: sealing container；If the matrix to plate α emitter in a sealed container, α emitter's coating are located at the partial region of matrix periphery；If metal target nucleus in a sealed container, metal target nucleus is arranged in around matrix, and it is maintained a certain distance with the periphery of matrix, wherein: matrix and/or metal target nucleus are set as to be pivoted, make to change the relative position of α emitter coating and metal target nucleus on matrix and obtain varying strength neutron source, the rotation speed for changing matrix is made to obtain the neutron beam impulse of different frequency.Implement controllable isotope neutron source of the invention, neutron source strength is adjustable, can obtain the neutron beam impulse of different frequency；The switch control for realizing NEUTRON EMISSION, so that the safety of neutron source is improved；Structure is simple, small in size, light-weight.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nuclear technology field more particularly to a kind of controllable isotope neutron sources.
Background technique
Neutron source is the device that can release neutron.There are many kinds of neutron sources, studies from hand-held radioactive source to neutron
The research reactor of facility and fission source.According to the energy of neutron, neutron flux, the size of equipment, cost and government control, these
Device has extensive use in physics, engineering, medicine, nuclear weapon, oil exploration, biology, chemistry, nuclear power and other industry
On the way.
Neutron source generally includes isotope neutron source, accelerator neutron generator and pile neutron source.Wherein isotope neutron
Source releases the ray of certain energy when being using radionuclide decay, go to bombard certain target substances, generate nuclear reaction and release
The device of neutron.It is based primarily upon following three kinds of nuclear reactions: (α, n) reaction, (γ, n) reaction and spontaneous fission.
(α, n) type isotope neutron source is often using beryllium as target nucleus, the α particle and beryllium target nucleus launched by radioactive isotope
It acts on and generates neutron.Its main feature is that small in size, the service life is long, and (it is 138.4 d that the source Po-Be half-life period is most short, other are all up to several
It is more than a century), gamma-rays dosage rate is low (except the source Ra-Be), neutron energy height (average energy about 4-5MeV) etc..
Traditional (α, n) type isotope neutron source is closely to mix heavy nucleus α emitter with Be powder, can not separate it
, therefore it is uncontrollable.Because NEUTRON EMISSION is uncontrollable and interrupts, bulky screen must be added around neutron source
Layer is covered, brings inconvenience to the movement and use of neutron source；Meanwhile uncontrollable neutron source can give work people in use
Member causes more dose of radiations, also results in more serious radiation safety risk once occurring to lose.Therefore it is light to develop structure
Just, at low cost, highly-safe, stability is good, the adjustable isotope neutron source device of neutron flux, be increasingly becoming isotope
One of important development direction of neutron source.
The main structure of daughter source generating device is cylinder in traditional isotope, realizes control neutron by connect-disconnect structure
Generate, be: neutron source realizes that neutron controls by pluggable mode, and knot is complicated compared with structure, volume is larger；In
Neutron source intensities are uncontrolled, are unfavorable for radiation safety.
Another low yield volume pulse isotope neutron source, the design by cutting beam device rotating wheel realize there is different repeat frequently
The output of the pulsed neutron of rate and different pulse widths, and neutron flux can be adjusted.It is: knot compared with
Structure is complicated, volume is larger；Neutron source strength is uncontrolled, is unfavorable for radiation safety.
Another is using the annular neutron source for irradiating chamber irradiation sample, by two needed for control (α, n) nuclear reaction
Kind of reactive species close to the generation and disappearance for realizing neutron with separation, realize controllable scheme,
Be: neutron source strength is uncontrolled, is unfavorable for radiation safety.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in provide a kind of controllable isotope neutron source, neutron flux is adjustable, energy
Enough obtain the neutron beam impulse of different frequency；The switch control for realizing NEUTRON EMISSION, so that the safety of neutron source is improved；
Structure is simple, small in size, light-weight.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the embodiment provides a kind of controllable isotope neutron sources, comprising: close
Seal container；If the matrix to plate α emitter in a sealed container, α emitter's coating are located at matrix periphery
Partial region；If metal target nucleus in a sealed container, metal target nucleus are arranged in around matrix, and keep with the periphery of matrix
A certain distance, in which: matrix and/or metal target nucleus are set as to be pivoted, make change matrix on α emitter coating with
The relative position of metal target nucleus obtains varying strength neutron source, and the rotation speed for changing matrix is made to obtain the neutron beam of different frequency
Pulse.
Wherein, matrix is the cylindrical body that can be rotated around a fixed rotating shaft；Metal target nucleus at least has one towards matrix
The cambered surface of periphery；
Wherein, the revolving speed of fixed rotating shaft is controllable.
Wherein, α emitter coating is located on half of side of matrix, the radius of curvature of α emitter's coating with
The radius of curvature of metal target nucleus periphery cambered surface is consistent.
Wherein, controllable isotope neutron source has the neutron source opposite with metal target nucleus front when α emitter coating
The proximal end of maximum intensity, and when α emitter's coating deviates from the smallest distal end of neutron source strength of metal target nucleus.
Wherein, further includes: the driving mould group being connected with the fixed rotating shaft of matrix can by the revolving speed of control driving mould group
Isotope neutron source gradual change between the proximal and distal ends is controlled, the intensity for adjusting neutron source is made.
Wherein, controllable isotope neutron source gradual change between the proximal and distal ends, α emitter coating and metallic target
The distance between core is less than the range of α particle.
Wherein, further includes: to support and fix the support rod of metal target nucleus, the support of support rod makes metallic target nuclear phase
Sealing container is fixed.
Wherein, the cambered surface of metal target nucleus includes at least metallic beryllium, α on the size and matrix of the metallic beryllium of metal target nucleus
The size of emitter's coating is close.
Wherein, matrix is made of stainless steel, aluminium or copper product；α emitter's coating is Ra, Po, Pu or Am.
Controllable isotope neutron source provided by the present invention, has the following beneficial effects:
The first, matrix and/or metal target nucleus are set as to be pivoted, and make to change α emitter coating and metallic target on matrix
The relative position of core obtains varying strength neutron source, and the rotation speed for changing matrix is made to obtain the neutron beam impulse of different frequency,
Neutron source strength is adjustable, can obtain the neutron beam impulse of different frequency；Realize the switch control of NEUTRON EMISSION, so that neutron source
Safety is improved.
The second, it can be realized the switch control of NEUTRON EMISSION, so that the safety of neutron source is improved.
Third, structure are simple, small in size, light-weight.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of controllable isotope neutron source of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the side structure schematic view of controllable isotope neutron source of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the overlooking structure diagram of controllable isotope neutron source of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Shown in referring to figures 1-3, for the embodiment one of the controllable isotope neutron source of the present invention.
Controllable isotope neutron source in the present embodiment, comprising: sealing container 1；Be located in sealing container 1 to plate α
The matrix 2 of emitter, α emitter coating 3 are located at the partial region of 2 periphery of matrix；The gold being located in sealing container 1
Belong to target nucleus 4, metal target nucleus 4 is arranged in around matrix 2, and maintains a certain distance with the periphery of matrix 2, in which: matrix 2
And/or metal target nucleus 4 is set as to be pivoted, and makes the opposite position for changing α emitter coating 3 and metal target nucleus 4 on matrix 2
It sets or α emitter's revolving speed, obtains the neutron source of varying strength or the neutron beam impulse of different frequency.
The shape of sealing container 1 does not limit, be in the present embodiment it is cubic, matrix 2 and metal target nucleus 3 are respectively installed in
In sealing container 1.
In the present embodiment, matrix 2 be it is cylindric, be made of materials such as stainless steel, aluminium or copper.Matrix 2 can be revolved around axis
Turn, matrix 2 connects some and is located in sealing container 1, and the fixed rotating shaft O outside sealing container 1, matrix 2 is partially arranged in
It can be rotated around a fixed rotating shaft.
Preferably, the revolving speed of fixed rotating shaft O is controllable, and effect is: changing partial region and the metal target nucleus of 2 periphery of matrix
4 relative positional relationship.
Furtherly, matrix 2, which can be pivoted, is implemented by such as flowering structure.Further include: the fixation with matrix 2 turns
Axis O connected driving mould group 5, the driving mould group 5 in the present embodiment is motor and controller.Motor is controlled by controller
Revolving speed, thus the revolving speed for the matrix 2 that control is connected with fixed rotating shaft O.
α emitter coating 3 is that at least one of Ra, Po, Pu or Am coating, α emitter coating 3 are located at base
The partial region of 2 periphery of body, such as be plated on the side of matrix 2.The partial region of 2 periphery of matrix refers in the present embodiment, α
Emitter's coating is located on continuous 180 ° of the side of matrix.In other embodiment, α emitter coating 3 can be with
It is configured according to discontinuous but regular array coating mode, the technical effect and the application that can be realized send out α particle
It is identical that beam coating is located at the technical effect that can be realized on half of continuous side of matrix.
Metal target nucleus 4 is located in sealing container 1, around matrix 2, and with the periphery of matrix 2 keep it is certain away from
From.It is separated that is, metal target nucleus 4 is in discontiguous with the α emitter coating 3 on 2 outer peripheral portion region of matrix
State, not close mixed discrete state can be convenient for the movement of neutron source, also be more convenient for controlling neutron source.
Further, metal target nucleus 4 at least has a cambered surface 41 towards 2 periphery of matrix, metal target nucleus 4 in the present embodiment
For beryllium sheet metal or plating beryllium sheet metal, it is to be understood that the shape of metal target nucleus 4 does not limit, such as: it can be set to length
Rectangular or polygon, as long as meeting metal target nucleus 4 at least one cambered surface 41 towards 2 periphery of matrix.
Further, it is also possible to which the support rod 42 to support and fix metal target nucleus 4, support rod are arranged in sealing container 1
42 are fastened on metal target nucleus 4 in sealing container 1.
The principle for obtaining varying strength neutron source is as follows: controllable isotope neutron source has the maximum proximal end of neutron source strength
And the smallest distal end of neutron source strength, proximal end refer to when α emitter coating 3 and the positive opposite position of metal target nucleus 4,
Distal end refers to when α emitter coating 3 deviates from the position of metal target nucleus 4.
The principle for obtaining the neutron beam impulse of different frequency is as follows: the revolving speed for controlling motor realizes α emitter coating 3
The variation of speed.
When it is implemented, making control and fixed rotating shaft by the revolving speed of the connected motor of the controller control of driving mould group 5
The rotation angle of O connected matrix 2, to realize α emitter coating 3 and metal target nucleus 4 between the proximal and distal ends gradually
Into variation, make the intensity for adjusting neutron source.Specifically, when α emitter coating 3 and 4 positive clock synchronization of metal target nucleus, neutron source
Maximum intensity.When α emitter coating 3 goes to the distal end side opposite with metal target nucleus 4, the intensity of neutron source
It is 0.When α emitter coating 3 and metal target nucleus 4 be in part it is opposite when, the intensity of neutron source between 0 and maximum value it
Between, by adjusting the size of opposite segments between α emitter coating 3 and metal target nucleus 4, neutron source strength may be implemented
Control, by controlling the revolving speed of α emitter, to obtain the neutron beam impulse of different frequency.
Preferably, the area of α emitter coating 3 is big on the size and matrix of the above-mentioned cambered surface 41 of metal target nucleus 4
Small close, the radius of curvature of the radius of curvature and 4 periphery cambered surface of metal target nucleus of α emitter coating 3 is consistent.
Preferably, controllable isotope neutron source is between the proximal and distal ends during gradual change, α emitter's coating
The distance between 3 and metal target nucleus 4 are respectively less than the range of α particle.
In the other embodiment of the controllable isotope neutron source of the present invention, the relative rotation structure of matrix 2 and metal target nucleus 4
It can be interchangeable, such as: matrix 2 is relatively fixed in sealing container 1, and metal target nucleus 4 is able to carry out relative rotation, to change
Become the relative position of α emitter coating 3 in the cambered surface 41 and matrix 2 of 4 periphery of metal target nucleus, specific embodiment can refer to
The embodiment of above-described embodiment one carries out.Further, it is also possible to matrix 2 and metal target nucleus 4 are set to rotatable structure,
By driving the scheme of mould group control rotation accordingly, make the rotation angle for controlling matrix 2 and metal target nucleus 4, to realize α
Sub- emitter coating 3 and metal target nucleus 4 gradual change between the proximal and distal ends, make the intensity for adjusting neutron source.
Implement controllable isotope neutron source of the invention, has the following beneficial effects:
The first, matrix and/or metal target nucleus are set as to be pivoted, and make to change α emitter coating and metallic target on matrix
The relative position of core obtains varying strength neutron source, and the rotation speed for changing matrix is made to obtain the neutron beam impulse of different frequency,
Neutron source strength is adjustable, can obtain the neutron beam impulse of different frequency；Realize the switch control of NEUTRON EMISSION, so that neutron source
Safety is improved.
The second, it can be realized the switch control of NEUTRON EMISSION, so that the safety of neutron source is improved.
Third, structure are simple, small in size, light-weight.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of controllable isotope neutron source characterized by comprising
Sealing container；
The matrix to plate α emitter being located in the sealing container, the α emitter coating are located at the base
The partial region in external week；
The metal target nucleus being located in the sealing container, the metal target nucleus are arranged in around described matrix, and with the base
The periphery of body maintains a certain distance, in which: described matrix and/or the metal target nucleus are set as to be pivoted, and make to change base
The relative position of α emitter coating and metal target nucleus obtains varying strength neutron source on body, makes the rotation speed for changing matrix
Degree obtains the neutron beam impulse of different frequency.
2. controllable isotope neutron source as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described matrix be can around a fixed rotating shaft into
The cylindrical body of row rotation；The metal target nucleus at least has a cambered surface towards described matrix periphery.
3. controllable isotope neutron source as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the revolving speed of the fixed rotating shaft is controllable.
4. controllable isotope neutron source as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the α emitter coating is located at institute
It states on half of side of matrix, the radius of curvature of the α emitter coating and the curvature of metal target nucleus periphery cambered surface
Radius is consistent.
5. controllable isotope neutron source according to any one of claims 1-4, which is characterized in that the controllable isotope neutron
Source has the neutron source strength maximum proximal end opposite with metal target nucleus front when the α emitter coating, and
When the α emitter coating deviates from the smallest distal end of neutron source strength of the metal target nucleus.
6. controllable isotope neutron source as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that further include: the fixation with described matrix turns
The connected driving mould group of axis, by controlling the revolving speed of the driving mould group, the controllable isotope neutron source is proximally and distally
Between gradual change, make adjust neutron source intensity.
7. controllable isotope neutron source as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the controllable isotope neutron source is in proximal end
The gradual change between distal end, the distance between the α emitter coating and the metal target nucleus are less than penetrating for α particle
Journey.
8. controllable isotope neutron source as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include: to support and fix metal
The support rod of target nucleus, the support of the support rod fix the metallic target nuclear phase for sealing container.
9. controllable isotope neutron source as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the cambered surface of the metal target nucleus includes at least
Metallic beryllium, the area of the α emitter coating is big on the size and described matrix of the metallic beryllium of the metal target nucleus
It is small close.
10. controllable isotope neutron source as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described matrix is by stainless steel, aluminium or copper material
Material is made；
The α emitter coating is Ra, Po, Pu or Am.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810707116.7A CN110473646A (en) | 2018-07-02 | 2018-07-02 | A kind of controllable isotope neutron source |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810707116.7A CN110473646A (en) | 2018-07-02 | 2018-07-02 | A kind of controllable isotope neutron source |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5776443A (en) * | 1980-10-31 | 1982-05-13 | Nippon Steel Corp | Testing method for transmission od radiant ray of metallic material |
| EP0055371A1 (en) * | 1980-12-27 | 1982-07-07 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Neutron absorber, neutron absorber assembly utilizing the same, and other uses thereof |
| CN103366853A (en) * | 2013-07-15 | 2013-10-23 | 西北核技术研究所 | Generation device of controllable isotopic neutron source |
| CN204087836U (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2015-01-07 | 西北核技术研究所 | A kind of annular controlled isotope neutron source |
| JP2015122290A (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2015-07-02 | 健太郎 堀川 | Apparatus and method for generating radiation ray such as neutron by nuclear fission |
| CN107993735A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-05-04 | 成都理工大学 | Isotope neutron source device |
-
2018
- 2018-07-02 CN CN201810707116.7A patent/CN110473646A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5776443A (en) * | 1980-10-31 | 1982-05-13 | Nippon Steel Corp | Testing method for transmission od radiant ray of metallic material |
| EP0055371A1 (en) * | 1980-12-27 | 1982-07-07 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Neutron absorber, neutron absorber assembly utilizing the same, and other uses thereof |
| CN103366853A (en) * | 2013-07-15 | 2013-10-23 | 西北核技术研究所 | Generation device of controllable isotopic neutron source |
| JP2015122290A (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2015-07-02 | 健太郎 堀川 | Apparatus and method for generating radiation ray such as neutron by nuclear fission |
| CN204087836U (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2015-01-07 | 西北核技术研究所 | A kind of annular controlled isotope neutron source |
| CN107993735A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-05-04 | 成都理工大学 | Isotope neutron source device |
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Application publication date: 20191119 |