Water vapor blocking heat insulation material
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat insulation and water prevention of tunnels, in particular to a water vapor blocking heat insulation material.
Background
Along with the rapid development of national economy and the continuous progress of tunnel construction technology, tunnels growing up, deeply buried and penetrating through geological structure active areas are more and more, and the encountered high-ground-temperature phenomenon is gradually increased, wherein a large number of high-ground-temperature mountain bodies exist in western and southeast mountain areas of China. For tunnel engineering, when the local temperature exceeds 30 ℃, it is called high ground temperature, also called heat damage.
The high ground temperature environment can have various adverse hazards and effects on tunnel engineering. On one hand, temperature stress can be generated in the lining structure due to uneven temperature distribution, so that the bearing capacity and durability of the tunnel lining structure system are reduced; on the other hand, because of the high-ground temperature environment, a temperature field is generated by the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the surrounding rock, and the tensile stress value generated by the temperature field is large, if the temperature field is taken as an irremovable load, the amount of the steel bars required by the structure is also very large, but the cracks generated by the shrinkage of the concrete cannot be restrained by arranging a large amount of steel bars under the action of the temperature. Therefore, the heat insulation research of the high-ground-temperature tunnel structure is particularly important.
The unique construction environment of the tunnel determines that the heat insulation material which can be used by the tunnel is a coiled material which is easy to lay, waterproof and water vapor-blocking, and the thickness is controlled under the condition that the heat insulation material achieves a certain heat insulation effect, and no finished product can be directly applied to heat insulation of a high-ground-temperature tunnel in the market at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a water vapor blocking heat insulating material, which solves the problem that no finished product can be directly applied to heat insulation of a high-ground-temperature tunnel in the current market.
The invention realizes the above purpose through the following technical scheme:
a water vapor barrier thermal insulation material comprising
A thermal insulation blanket;
the sealing film is wrapped on the outer surface of the heat insulation felt;
and the fixing pieces penetrate through the heat insulation felt and the sealing films on the front and back surfaces of the heat insulation felt and are used for pressing the sealing films on the front and back surfaces of the heat insulation felt.
The further improvement is that the heat insulation felt is an inorganic nano powder composite heat insulation felt.
The sealing membrane is a high-temperature-resistant water vapor sealing membrane.
The fixing piece is of a nylon snap fastener structure and comprises a snap fastener and a snap fastener, and the snap fastener is fixedly connected with the insertion snap fastener after penetrating through the heat insulation felt and the sealing film.
The improvement is that the inner end surfaces of the snap fastener and the female fastener are respectively provided with a waterproof ring.
The waterproof ring is formed by connecting a propset waterproof material layer of the inner ring and a polyethylene layer of the outer ring.
The improvement is that the end of the sub-buckle is provided with a protruding ring, the inner end face of the female buckle is provided with a slot, the slot wall of the slot is provided with four movable cavities, each movable cavity is internally provided with a limiting block, the inner side of each limiting block is provided with a spring, and the limiting blocks are movably connected in the movable cavities through springs.
The further improvement is that the outer side of the limiting block is provided with a chamfer angle.
A further improvement is that the thickness of the material is 8-10mm.
The further improvement is that the circumferential spacing of the fixing pieces on the material is 25-35cm, and the longitudinal spacing is 8-10cm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the water vapor blocking heat insulating material has the advantages of easy laying, water resistance, water vapor blocking and the like, long service life, firm structure and stable performance; the outer waterproof material is easy to lay and hang after installation, and the phenomenon that the sealing film falls off and sags can be effectively avoided, and the water vapor blocking heat insulating material can be directly suitable for heat insulation of a high-ground-temperature tunnel.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a moisture barrier insulation material;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the placement of the fasteners;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fastener;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a waterproof ring;
in the figure: 1. a thermal insulation blanket; 2. a sealing film; 3. a fixing member; 31. a sub-buckle; 32. a female buckle; 33. a waterproof ring; 331. a layer of a proprozen water-repellent material; 332. a polyethylene layer; 34. a protruding ring; 35. a slot; 36. a movable cavity; 37. a limiting block; 371. chamfering; 38. and (3) a spring.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present application is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the following detailed description is merely illustrative of the application and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the application, since numerous insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the application will be to those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing disclosure.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a water vapor barrier thermal insulation material includes a thermal insulation blanket 1 as a tunnel thermal insulation material; and a sealing film 2 as a water vapor barrier material, wherein the sealing film 2 is wrapped on the outer surface of the heat insulation felt 1; and a plurality of fixing members 3, wherein the fixing members 3 penetrate the heat insulation blanket 1 and the sealing film 2 on the front and back surfaces of the heat insulation blanket 1 for pressing the sealing film 2 on the front and back surfaces of the heat insulation blanket 1. Because the insulation felt 1 is hard to be firmly adhered to the sealing film 2 through an adhesive, in order to easily lay the outer waterproof material after the installation of the material and prevent the sealing film 2 from falling down and sagging, the sealing film 2 and the insulation felt 1 are secondarily fixed by using a fixing piece 3 at the middle part of the material.
The heat insulation felt 1 is an inorganic nano powder composite heat insulation felt and is prepared by mixing inorganic fibers and inorganic nano powder, the heat insulation felt is of a grid structure with uniformly distributed nano holes, the pore diameter of the nano holes is lower than the average free path of air molecules under normal pressure, so that convection heat transfer of air is avoided, the extremely low volume density of the inorganic nano powder and the bending path of the nano grid structure also prevent gaseous and solid heat conduction, and the heat radiation can be reduced to the minimum by the aid of the gap walls which tend to infinity. The inorganic nano-powder is selected from MgO, znO, cuO, siO 2 、Al 2 O 3 、TiC 2 SiC or TiB 2 The inorganic fiber is selected from one of glass fiber, quartz glass fiber, boron fiber or ceramic fiber. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) Carrying out oxidation etching on quartz glass fiber for 1.5 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ by adopting hydrofluoric acid with the mass concentration of 30%, and increasing the polarity and roughness of the surface of the quartz glass fiber; after treatment with SiO 2 Mixing the nanometer powder, pulping, performing ultrasonic dispersion treatment with power of 300W, and treating for 18min to obtain a uniform mixture; (2) And (3) vacuum dehydrating the mixture, pressurizing and forming, solidifying in a nitrogen protective atmosphere, heating from room temperature to 150 ℃ at a heating rate of 9 ℃/min and preserving heat for 0.6h, heating to 250 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min and preserving heat for 0.6h, and heating to 300 ℃ at a heating rate of 2 ℃/min and preserving heat for 1.5h to obtain the grid-structure heat-insulating felt uniformly distributed with the nanopores. The thermal insulation blanket 1 has a significantly reduced thermal conductivity, optimally reaching 0.011W/(m·k), and a relatively small density.
The sealing film 2 is a high-temperature-resistant water vapor sealing film, and the preparation raw materials of the sealing film comprise butyl acetate, polymethylpentene, polyimide, polyacrylate, modified carbon nano tubes, inorganic high-temperature-resistant auxiliary agents, glycidyl methacrylate and dibenzoyl peroxide in parts by weight. Wherein the method comprises the steps ofThe modified carbon nanotube is obtained by acidizing the carbon nanotube with 70wt% concentrated nitric acid, wherein the treatment temperature is 62 ℃ and the treatment time is 1h; the inorganic high temperature resistant auxiliary agent is formed by mixing silicon dioxide and magnesium stearate, and the weight ratio of the silicon dioxide to the magnesium stearate is 4:1. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (2) Butyl acetate, polymethylpentene, polyimide, polyacrylate, modified carbon nano tube and inorganic high-temperature resistant auxiliary agent are mixed and stirred for 4 hours to obtain a mixed raw material; (2) Adding glycidyl methacrylate and dibenzoyl peroxide into the mixed raw material, fully stirring, and performing alkaline grafting reaction for 3 hours at 60 ℃ to obtain a modified mixed raw material; (3) Extruding the modified mixed raw materials at 280 ℃ to obtain a primary blank film, and then performing compression molding and cooling on the primary blank film; (4) And (3) after cooling, carrying out heat treatment on the mixture through a hot air drying tunnel at 40 ℃ to restore and shape, and finally trimming and rolling the mixture to obtain the high-temperature-resistant steam sealing film. The heat shrinkage rate of the sealing film 2 is about 0.02 percent at 150 ℃, the surface wetting tension can reach 61mN/m before corona treatment, and the water vapor permeability can reach 2.19 multiplied by 10 at the lowest -6 g/m 2 Day, whereby it effectively blocks the transmission of water vapor through the insulation material, thereby ensuring the insulation effect and extending the service life of the insulation material.
In particular, the fixing member 3 has a nylon snap structure, which includes a snap 31 and a snap 32, wherein the snap 31 is fixedly connected with the insert snap 32 after passing through the heat insulation felt 1 and the sealing film 2. The design has small perforation and good sealing performance, and can not influence the overall heat insulation and water vapor insulation performance of the material.
The end of the sub-buckle 31 is provided with a protruding ring 34, the inner end surface of the female buckle 32 is provided with a slot 35, the slot wall of the slot 35 is provided with four movable cavities 36, each movable cavity 36 is internally provided with a limiting block 37, the outer side of each limiting block 37 is provided with a chamfer 371, the inner side of each limiting block 37 is provided with a spring 38, and the limiting blocks 37 are movably connected in the movable cavities 36 through the springs 38. When in use, after the end of the sub-buckle 31 passes through the two layers of sealing films 2 and the heat insulation felt 1, the end is inserted into the slot 35, the protruding ring 34 pushes the limiting block 37 to shrink inwards towards the movable cavity 36, the spring 38 is compressed, and when the protruding ring 34 completely passes through the limiting block 37, the limiting block 37 is rebounded to abut against the sub-buckle 31 to form locking, so that the sub-buckle 31 and the female buckle 32 can not be separated any more.
In particular, waterproof rings 33 are respectively arranged on the inner end surfaces of the sub-buckle 31 and the main buckle 32, and the waterproof rings 33 are formed by connecting a polypropylene waterproof material layer 331 of an inner ring and a polyethylene layer 332 of an outer ring. After the nylon snap fastener structure is abutted, the waterproof ring 33 can be abutted against the surface of the sealing film 2 on the corresponding side, and a certain amount of compression deformation is generated, so that water is prevented from entering the snap fastener structure and penetrating through the whole material from the position, and the overall waterproof steam effect of the material is further ensured.
In terms of dimensional control, the thickness of the material is 8-10mm, the circumferential spacing of the fixing pieces 3 on the material is 25-35cm, and the longitudinal spacing is 8-10cm.
The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention and are described in detail herein without thereby limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention.