CN110468695A - Variation rigidity three-dimensional isolation method and apparatus - Google Patents
Variation rigidity three-dimensional isolation method and apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN110468695A CN110468695A CN201910797714.2A CN201910797714A CN110468695A CN 110468695 A CN110468695 A CN 110468695A CN 201910797714 A CN201910797714 A CN 201910797714A CN 110468695 A CN110468695 A CN 110468695A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/04—Bearings; Hinges
- E01D19/041—Elastomeric bearings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/36—Bearings or like supports allowing movement
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
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Abstract
The invention belongs to civil engineering and mechanical engineering field and technical field of isolation, to propose that one kind has enough vertical bearing capacities and vertical rigidity changeable control ability, horizontal direction also has the novel variation rigidity three-dimensional isolation device and method of suitable rigidity simultaneously, guarantees the overall stability and job security of three-dimensional isolation device.For this reason, the technical scheme adopted by the present invention is that variation rigidity three-dimensional isolation method and apparatus, the laminated rubber bases and connecting component of vertical earthquake isolating system, lower part including top；Vertical earthquake isolating system includes vertical earthquake isolating device top connecting plate, ball, four cycle side plates, longitudinal stiffener, top limited block, one layer of main spring, middle layer connecting plate, middle layer spring, lower layer's connecting plate, lower layer's bloom, bottom limited block, bottom spring, middle part limited block, high-strength bolt, vertical earthquake isolating device bottom connecting plate.Present invention is mainly applied to mechanical engineering Vibration Absorbing System Design occasions.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to civil engineering and mechanical engineering field and technical field of isolation, are related to a kind of with vertical enough
Bearing capacity and vertical rigidity changeable control ability, at the same horizontal direction also have suitable rigidity novel variation rigidity three-dimensional isolation device and
Method, the shock insulation suitable for the fields such as industry and civil buildings, bridge, hypogee.
Background technique
How the country multiple for earthquake disaster carries out shock insulation, Aseismatic Design to architectural engineering and is one important to ask
Topic and developing direction.It is the most mature in the research and development of structure quake control field, seismic isolation technology, vast is obtained in recent years
The concern and research of person and engineer.Currently, the research of shock insulation energy consumption technology is concentrated mainly on the direction of horizontal seismic isolation, for knot
The research of structure vertical earthquake isolating is less.Vertical Earthquake Loads equally can cause major disaster to building, on the one hand, ground motion is multiple
Miscellaneous three-dimensional movement, according to existing Tangshan Earthquake, Chichi earthquake, Kobe earthquake, mountain valley earthquake, river in Shangdong Province
The Seismic Time-history record and earthquake data obtained in (spy) violent earthquake that valley shake etc. occurs in recent years both at home and abroad is it is found that in highlight lines
Area, especially in nearly tomography area, the vertical effect component of earthquake motion is often than stronger, and repeatedly actual measurement vertically accelerates to earthquake motion
Spending peak value is more than horizontal acceleration peak value, becomes the main reason for causing structural collapse to destroy.In addition, research is sent out with practical earthquake
Existing, although structure is not destroyed seriously in earthquake, Vertical Earthquake Loads may cause the badly damaged of internal non-construction matter, from
And it causes structure critical function to lack and causes massive losses economically, or even hinder the escape of the mankind in earthquake.Thus may be used
See, it is necessary to which research and development can be realized simultaneously the three-dimensional isolation device of horizontal seismic isolation and vertical earthquake isolating.
Under geological process, the vertical shake control of structure has bigger difficulty relative to horizontal vibrating control.Due to knot
Relatively bigger, common glissando (such as all kinds of dampers) the more difficult performance useful effect of the vertical rigidity of structure.It is vertical in structure
In vibration, the vibration of floor is affected to existing for structure, but due to the requirement of structure wide open space, subtracts to floor application
Shake measure is relatively difficult.For above situation, by the way that on the basis of existing horizontal seismic isolation, exploitation three-dimensional isolation technology becomes solution
The certainly important channel of structure vertical motion.
In terms of three-dimensional isolation, domestic and foreign scholars have done a large amount of research, and develop many kinds and can be used for engineering reality
The three-dimensional shock isolation support on border, such as lead-rubber disc spring three-dimensional shock isolation support, SMA- laminated rubber damping bearing, friction-disc spring
Three-dimensional compounded shock isolating pedestal etc., but these three-dimensional shock isolation support vertical earthquake isolating periods are shorter.And use air spring, hydraulic etc.
Although the three-dimensional isolation of technology can achieve longer cycle, but construction is complex, involves great expense, is mainly used for nuclear industrial facility
Shock insulation, it is more difficult to be widely popularized in engineering structure field.In addition, conventional three-dimensional earthquake isolating equipment needs combine limitation self weight
With deformation and the different demands in shock insulation period when extension earthquake under live loading, there are larger difficulty for design, so that at present
The three-dimensional shock isolation support construction of research is complex.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention is directed to propose a kind of have enough vertical bearing capacities and vertical rigidity changeable
Control ability, while horizontal direction also has the novel variation rigidity three-dimensional isolation device and method of suitable rigidity, guarantees three-dimensional isolation
The overall stability and job security of device.For this reason, the technical scheme adopted by the present invention is that variation rigidity three-dimensional isolation device,
The laminated rubber bases and connecting component of vertical earthquake isolating system, lower part including top；Vertical earthquake isolating system includes vertical earthquake isolating
Device top connecting plate, ball, four cycle side plates, longitudinal stiffener, top limited block, one layer of main spring, middle layer connecting plate, centre
Layer spring, lower layer's connecting plate, lower layer's bloom, bottom limited block, bottom spring, middle part limited block, high-strength bolt, vertical earthquake isolating device
Bottom connecting plate；Laminated rubber bases include under laminated rubber bases upper junction plate, steel plate layer, rubber layer, laminated rubber bases
Connecting plate；Vertical earthquake isolating device bottom connecting plate is connect with laminated rubber bases upper junction plate；Vertical earthquake isolating device top connecting plate four
Zhou Kaishe circular groove, ball is in circular groove, and ball can scroll up and down；Ball and four cycle side plates contact with each other but do not connect
It connects；Four cycle side plates are connected with longitudinal stiffener；One layer of main spring top is connected with vertical earthquake isolating device top connecting plate, one layer of main bullet
Spring lower part is connected with middle layer connecting plate；Top limited block and the connection of four cycle side plates；Middle layer spring top is connected with middle layer
Plate connection, middle layer spring lower part is connected with lower layer's connecting plate；Middle layer connecting plate and lower layer's connecting plate are contacted but are not connected to；Under
Layer bloom is connected with lower layer's connecting plate；Middle part limited block and the connection of four cycle side plates and lower layer's connecting plate are contacted but are not connected to；Bottom
Spring top is connect with lower layer's connecting plate, and bottom spring lower part is connect with vertical earthquake isolating device bottom connecting plate；Vertical earthquake isolating device bottom
Portion's connecting plate is connect with four cycle side plates；Vertical earthquake isolating device bottom connecting plate is connect with longitudinal stiffener；Steel plate layer and rubber layer shape
It is connected at the connection of lamination rubber layer, top and laminated rubber bases upper junction plate, lower part and laminated rubber bases lower connecting plate.
The vertical earthquake isolating device bottom connecting plate of described device and the upper junction plate of laminated rubber bases are fitted and connected using high
Strength bolt or welding manner connection；Or directly it is processed into one piece of connecting plate；
Four cycle side plates and longitudinal stiffener of described device are directly connected to by welding；Four cycle side plates and vertical earthquake isolating device bottom
Portion's connecting plate is directly connected to by welding；Longitudinal stiffener and vertical earthquake isolating device bottom connecting plate are directly connected to by welding；
The fixed form of the spring of described device is welding or is threadedly coupled；Or it is not fixed pressure spring, only allow pressure spring and company
Connection is in close contact between fishplate bar under spring endogenetic process；
The top limited block and four cycle side plates of described device are directly connected to by welding；Middle part limited block and four cycle side plates are logical
Welding is crossed to be directly connected to；Bottom limited block and vertical earthquake isolating device bottom connecting plate are directly connected to by welding；All limited blocks
Production is the steel plate of one layer of rubber of external package；
The lower layer's connecting plate and lower layer's bloom of described device are directly connected to by welding.
Variation rigidity three-dimensional isolation method, when work, setting three-dimensional isolation device is vertically being solely subjected to dead load and mobile load, only
One layer of main spring participates in work；Lower layer's connecting plate is withstood on the limited block of middle part under the precompression effect of bottom spring, is kept
It is static, it is not involved in work, bottom spring is also not involved in work；Middle layer connecting plate is in the precompression effect of middle layer spring and one
It is remain stationary under the pressure effect of layer main spring, middle layer spring is not involved in work；Made in superstructure by downward earthquake
Used time, three-dimensional isolation device increase subject to downward force, when the precompression subject to downward force for breaking through bottom spring, lower layer connects
Fishplate bar moves downward, and bottom spring and one layer of main spring form series connection, works at the same time, to play the role of variation rigidity；Instantly
When contacting, bottom spring moves to extreme position for layer bloom and bottom limited block, and bottom spring exits work at this time, and one layer
Main spring works on, thus play the role of variation rigidity, the vertical displacement of limits device；In superstructure by upward earthquake
When effect, three-dimensional isolation device is by upward power, when the sum of the precompression of middle layer spring and upward seismic force are greater than three
When the vertical dead load that dimension earthquake isolating equipment is born, middle layer connecting plate and lower layer's connecting plate are disengaged, middle layer spring and one layer of master
Spring forms series connection, works at the same time, to play the role of variation rigidity；When middle layer connecting plate and top limited block contact,
Middle layer spring moves to extreme position, and middle layer spring exits work at this time, and one layer of main spring works on, to rise
It is acted on to variation rigidity, the vertical displacement of limits device；Four cycle side plates are used to limit the horizontal movement of vertical earthquake isolating device.
The method is to reach variation rigidity control using the combination of different springs to the vertical rigidity for changing vertical earthquake isolating device
Effect processed；In serviceability limit stage, only one layer of main spring participates in work, and the vertical rigidity of support is calculated by following formula；
K1=n k1
In formula, K1Indicate the vertical rigidity of support when only one layer of main spring work, k1Indicate the rigid of one layer of main spring
Degree, n indicate the sum of one layer of main spring；With the variation of geological process, bottom spring/middle layer spring participates in work, support
Vertical rigidity also change, at this time according to the following formula calculate support vertical rigidity:
In formula, K2Indicate the vertical rigidity of support when bottom spring/middle layer spring participates in work, k1Indicate one layer of main bullet
The rigidity of spring, n indicate the sum of one layer of main spring, k2Expression bottom spring/middle layer spring rigidity, m expression bottom spring/
The sum of middle layer spring.
The features of the present invention and beneficial effect are:
1, horizontal seismic isolation measure meets horizontal seismic isolation using research and all more mature laminated rubber bases of application
Purpose.Suitable horizontal rigidity can be effectively isolated horizontal earthquake action, avoid strong horizontal geological process flowering structure equipment
Equal generations seriously destroy.Simultaneously because the presence of top vertical earthquake isolating equipment, the vertical pressure that laminated rubber bases part is born
Changing the control by vertical earthquake isolating effect, variation is smaller, and vertical pressure is smaller to the Effect on Mechanical Properties of its horizontal direction shock insulation,
Horizontal direction isolating affection is more stable than traditional laminated rubber bases；The tensile bearing capacity of laminated rubber bases is sufficient for three-dimensional
The overall stability of earthquake isolating equipment and the requirement of job security.
2, in the present invention, top vertical earthquake isolating device undertakes vertical load and vertical seismic action is isolated.Normal use and every
Enough vertical bearing capacities are all had when shake, while there is very strong self-resetting capability.Bottom spring when downward displacement occurs
Overcome Gravitative Loads, restoring force vertically upward is provided；Dead load overcomes the bullet of middle layer spring when upward displacement occurs
Spring force provides restoring force vertically downwards.Compared with other current research achievements, Self-resetting principle, simple structure are easy to real
It applies, it is cheap and more safe and reliable.
3, bottom spring, middle layer spring are controlled by the passive control means of the precompression of setting spring in the present invention
Working condition, realize vertical earthquake isolating multilevel stiffness changing control.The control mode is also realized while increasing isolating affection
Similar to the effect of intelligent control.Under the effect of high-intensitive high-frequency seism, bottom spring/middle layer spring and one layer of main spring
Series connection works together, and support is in the Low rigidity shock insulation stage, reduces the dynamic response of structure.Simultaneously in long period geological process
Under, to prevent support to be in Low rigidity stage and geological process generation resonance, when support displacement reaches a certain level, limit dress
Start-up operation is set, bottom spring/middle layer spring exits work, and support vertical rigidity increases, and reduces long period earthquake to shock insulation
The adverse effect of support and structure.
4, under low amplitude value geological process, only one layer of main spring participates in work, and one layer of main spring rigidity satisfaction normally makes
Initial stiffness requirement under, make structure live load, wind load, the low amplitude value earthquake the effects of under do not generate larger vertical displacement
And vibration.
5, by setting vertical earthquake isolating device top connecting plate, middle layer connecting plate, lower connecting plate and top limited block, in
The distance between portion's limited block, bottom limited block can flexibly limit the ultimate deformation of vertical earthquake isolating device, avoid its generation excessive
Vertical displacement and destroy, improve the overall work safety of device.
6, one layer of main spring is connect with vertical earthquake isolating device top connecting plate, vertical earthquake isolating device top connecting plate and superstructure
Connection.Vertical force is only transmitted and controlled in vertical earthquake isolating device part in the present invention, and horizontal force part at the top of vertical earthquake isolating device by connecting
Fishplate bar and ball are transmitted to four cycle side plates, are finally transmitted to bottom set rubber support part by four cycle side plates, each portion in device
The division of labor is definitely, easily designed.
7, three-dimensional isolation device construction is relatively simple, and production is easy to process, has and is completed at the same time three-dimensional isolation effect, and
And there is good overall stability and job security.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is the general structure schematic diagram of variation rigidity three-dimensional isolation device of the present invention, and top is vertical earthquake isolating part, lower part
For laminated rubber bases.
Fig. 2 is the 3 dimensional drawing of the new device.
Fig. 3 is the top view of the new device.
Fig. 4 is the lateral sectional view of the new device.
Each component label is as follows in figure: 1 vertical earthquake isolating device top connecting plate, 2 balls, 3 four cycle side plates, 4 longitudinal stiffeners,
5 top limited blocks, 6 one layers of main spring, 7 middle layer connecting plates, 8 middle layer springs, 9 lower layer's connecting plates, 10 lower layer's blooms, 11
Bottom limited block, 12 bottom springs, 13 middle part limited blocks, 14 high-strength bolts, 15 vertical earthquake isolating device bottom connecting plates, 16 laminations
Rubber support upper junction plate, 17 steel plate layers, 18 rubber layers, 19 laminated rubber bases lower connecting plates.
Specific embodiment
It is an object of the invention to propose that one kind has enough vertical bearing capacities and vertical rigidity changeable control ability, while water
It puts down to the novel variation rigidity three-dimensional isolation device and method also with suitable rigidity, aims to solve the problem that existing shock isolating pedestal not
Foot, that is, solve the problems, such as that Vertical Earthquake Loads can not be isolated in existing horizontal seismic isolation support；Solve existing multiple dimension shock-proof device structure
Make the problems such as complicated, expensive.The combination for utilizing spring simultaneously, realizes the multilevel stiffness changing of vertical support, makes three-dimensional isolation
The different demands in shock insulation period when device combines the deformation under limitation self weight and live loading and extends earthquake.The device
Prevent three-dimensional isolation device from biggish horizontal direction and vertical displacement occurs with reasonable construction measure；Simultaneously because vertical earthquake isolating
The presence of device, so that the vertical force that support is born reduces, the vertical tensile bearing capacity of horizontal direction laminated rubber bases part
It is enough to ensure that the overall stability and job security of three-dimensional isolation device.
Technical scheme is as follows:
1, a kind of variation rigidity three-dimensional isolation device, the laminated rubber bases of vertical earthquake isolating system, lower part including top and
Connecting component；Vertical earthquake isolating system include vertical earthquake isolating device top connecting plate 1, ball 2, four cycle side plates 3, longitudinal stiffener 4, on
5, one layers of main spring 6 of portion's limited block, middle layer connecting plate 7, middle layer spring 8, lower layer's connecting plate 9, lower layer's bloom 10, bottom limit
Position block 11, bottom spring 12, middle part limited block 13, high-strength bolt 14, vertical earthquake isolating device bottom connecting plate 15；Laminated rubber bases
Including laminated rubber bases upper junction plate 16, steel plate layer 17, rubber layer 18, laminated rubber bases lower connecting plate 19；Vertical earthquake isolating
Device bottom connecting plate 15 is connect with laminated rubber bases upper junction plate 16；1 surrounding of vertical earthquake isolating device top connecting plate opens up circular groove,
Ball 2 is in circular groove, and ball 2 can scroll up and down；Ball 2 and four cycle side plates 3 contact with each other but are not connected to；Four sides
Plate 3 and longitudinal stiffener 4 connect；One layer of 6 top of main spring and vertical earthquake isolating device top connecting plate 1 connect, under one layer of main spring 6
Portion and middle layer connecting plate 7 connect；Top limited block 5 and the connection of four cycle side plates 3；8 top of middle layer spring is connected with middle layer
Plate 7 connects, and 8 lower part of middle layer spring and lower layer's connecting plate 9 connect；Middle layer connecting plate 7 and lower layer's connecting plate 9 contact but not
Connection；Lower layer's bloom 10 and lower layer's connecting plate 9 connect；Middle part limited block 13 and the connection of four cycle side plates 3 and lower layer's connecting plate 9 connect
It touches but is not connected to；12 top of bottom spring is connect with lower layer connecting plate 9, and 12 lower part of bottom spring is connect with vertical earthquake isolating device bottom
Plate 15 connects；Vertical earthquake isolating device bottom connecting plate 15 is connect with four cycle side plates 3；Vertical earthquake isolating device bottom connecting plate 15 and longitudinal direction add
Strength rib 4 connects；Steel plate layer 17 and rubber layer 18 formed laminated rubber layer, top and the connection of laminated rubber bases upper junction plate 16,
Lower part is connect with laminated rubber bases lower connecting plate 19.
The vertical earthquake isolating device bottom connecting plate 15 of described device and the upper junction plate 16 of laminated rubber bases are fitted and connected and adopt
It is connected with high-strength bolt or welding manner；Or directly it is processed into one piece of connecting plate.
Four cycle side plates 3 and longitudinal stiffener 4 of described device are directly connected to by welding；Four cycle side plates 3 pass through weldering
Connect interconnection；Four cycle side plates 3 and vertical earthquake isolating device bottom connecting plate 15 are directly connected to by welding；Longitudinal stiffener 4 and perpendicular
It is directly connected to isolator bottom connecting plate 15 by welding.
The fixed form of the spring of described device is welding or is threadedly coupled；Or it is not fixed pressure spring, only allow pressure spring and company
Connection is in close contact between fishplate bar under spring endogenetic process.
The top limited block 5 of described device and four cycle side plates 3 are directly connected to by welding；Middle part limited block 13 and four sides
Plate 3 is directly connected to by welding；Bottom limited block 11 and vertical earthquake isolating device bottom connecting plate 15 are directly connected to by welding；Institute
The production for having limited block is the steel plate of one layer of rubber of external package.
The lower layer's connecting plate 9 and lower layer's bloom 10 of described device are directly connected to by welding.
The method that apparatus of the present invention carry out variation rigidity three-dimensional isolation, in normal use, three-dimensional isolation device is at vertical
Dead load and mobile load are born, only one layer of main spring 6 participates in work；Lower layer's connecting plate 9 is under the precompression effect of bottom spring 12
It is withstood on the limited block 13 of middle part, remain stationary, be not involved in work, bottom spring 12 is also not involved in work；Middle layer connecting plate 7
It is remain stationary under the precompression effect of middle layer spring 8 and the pressure effect of one layer of main spring 6, middle layer spring 8 is not involved in
Work；When superstructure is by downward geological process, three-dimensional isolation device increase subject to downward force, when by downward
When power breaks through the precompression of bottom spring 12, lower layer's connecting plate 9 is moved downward, and bottom spring 12 and one layer of main spring 6 form string
Connection, works at the same time, to play the role of variation rigidity；When lower layer's bloom 10 and bottom limited block 11 contact, bottom spring 12
Move to extreme position, bottom spring 12 exits work at this time, and one layer of main spring 6 works on, to play variation rigidity
Effect, the vertical displacement of limits device；When superstructure is by upward geological process, three-dimensional isolation device is by upward
Power, when the sum of the precompression of middle layer spring 8 and upward seismic force are greater than the vertical dead load that three-dimensional isolation device is born,
Middle layer connecting plate 7 and lower layer's connecting plate 9 disengage, and middle layer spring 8 and one layer of main spring 6 form series connection, work at the same time, thus
Play the role of variation rigidity；When middle layer connecting plate 7 and top limited block 5 contact, middle layer spring 8 moves to the limit
Position, middle layer spring 8 exits work at this time, and one layer of main spring 6 works on, thus play the role of variation rigidity, limits device
Vertical displacement；Four cycle side plates 3 are used to limit the horizontal movement of vertical earthquake isolating device.
The method is to reach variation rigidity control using the combination of different springs to the vertical rigidity for changing vertical earthquake isolating device
Effect processed；In serviceability limit stage, only one layer of main spring 6 participates in work, and the vertical rigidity of support is calculated by following formula；
K1=n k1
In formula, K1Indicate the vertical rigidity of support when only one layer of main spring 6 works, k1Indicate the rigid of one layer of main spring 6
Degree, n indicate the sum of one layer of main spring 6；With the variation of geological process, 12/ middle layer spring 8 of bottom spring participates in work,
The vertical rigidity of support also changes, and can calculate the vertical rigidity of support according to the following formula at this time:
In formula, K2Indicate the vertical rigidity of support when 12/ middle layer spring 8 of bottom spring participates in work, k1Indicate one layer of master
The rigidity of spring 6, n indicate the sum of one layer of main spring 6, k2Indicate the rigidity of 12/ middle layer spring 8 of bottom spring, m is indicated
The sum of 12/ middle layer spring 8 of bottom spring.
Variation rigidity three-dimensional isolation device of the invention is placed in civil buildings, bridge, hypogee etc. and bears geological process
Or other power actuated structural bases, more than earthquake isolating equipment dead load and 12/ middle layer spring 8 of bottom spring and
Limiting device realizes the vertical Self-resetting of earthquake isolating equipment in varied situations；Bottom spring 12 overcomes when downward displacement occurs
Gravitative Loads provide restoring force vertically upward；Dead load overcomes the spring bullet of middle layer spring 8 when upward displacement occurs
Power provides restoring force vertically downwards.
Variation rigidity three-dimensional isolation device of the present invention implementation is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, so that of the invention is excellent
Point and feature can be easier to be readily appreciated by one skilled in the art.
It include vertical earthquake isolating device top connecting plate 1, ball 2, four cycle side plates 3, longitudinal stiffener 4, top limited block 5,
One layer of main spring 6, middle layer connecting plate 7, middle layer spring 8, lower layer's connecting plate 9, lower layer's bloom 10, bottom limited block 11, bottom
Layer spring 12, middle part limited block 13, high-strength bolt 14, vertical earthquake isolating device bottom connecting plate 15；Laminated rubber bases upper junction plate
16, steel plate layer 17, rubber layer 18, laminated rubber bases lower connecting plate 19.By M30 frictional high-strength bolts 14 by vertical earthquake isolating
Device bottom connecting plate 15 and laminated rubber bases upper junction plate 16 are reliably connected.Longitudinal stiffener 4 and four cycle side plates 3 pass through one
Grade butt weld connection.Top limited block 5 and middle part limited block 13 are welded with four cycle side plates 3 by level-one butt weld.Bottom
Portion's limited block 11 is welded with vertical earthquake isolating device bottom connecting plate 15 by level-one butt weld.Four cycle side plates 3 are docked by level-one
Weld seam interconnection is integral, and is connect with vertical earthquake isolating device bottom connecting plate 15 by level-one butt weld.Lower layer's bloom 10
It is connect with lower layer connecting plate 9 by level-one butt weld.12 lower part of bottom spring and vertical earthquake isolating device bottom connecting plate 15 are gone here and there
Connection, top are connected with lower layer connecting plate 9.For convenience of replacement, it is not fixed bottom spring 12, only allows it pre- in spring between end plate
Pressure effect is lower to be in close contact.8 lower part of middle layer spring is connected with lower layer connecting plate 9, and top is connected with middle layer connecting plate 7.
For convenience of replacement, middle layer spring 8 admittedly, does not only allow it to be in close contact under pre-pressure of the spring effect between end plate.Middle layer
Connecting plate 7 contacts with each other but is not connected to lower layer connecting plate 9.One layer of 6 lower part of main spring is connected with middle layer connecting plate 7, top
It connects with vertical earthquake isolating device top connecting plate 1.For convenience of replacement, one layer of main spring 6 admittedly, does not only allow it between end plate in spring
Precompression effect is lower to be in close contact.Suitable translot is arranged in 1 surrounding of vertical earthquake isolating device top connecting plate, and ball 2 is embedded in translot
In, keep ball part in translot exposed, and just contact four cycle side plates 3, limitation vertical earthquake isolating device top connecting plate 1 is only perpendicular
To sliding.
In normal use, lower layer's connecting plate 9 is withstood on middle part limited block 13 under the precompression effect of bottom spring 12
On, it remain stationary, is not involved in work；When lower layer's bloom 10 and bottom limited block 11 contact with each other, lower layer's connecting plate 9 is moved to
Extreme position.Control whether bottom spring 12 participates in work by the way that whether control lower layer's connecting plate 9 moves, so that it is rigid to play change
Degree effect.In normal use, middle layer connecting plate 7 is kept under the effect of the precompression of one layer of main spring 6 and middle layer spring 8
It is static, it is not involved in work；When middle layer connecting plate 7 and top limited block 5 contact with each other, middle layer connecting plate 7 moves to pole
Extreme position.Whether moved upwards by control middle layer connecting plate 7 and disengage lower layer's connecting plate 9 to control bottom spring 12
Whether work is participated in, to play the role of variation rigidity.The bottom spring 12/ of different number can be controlled in different phase according to design
Middle layer spring 8, which participates in work, can be achieved the multistage variation of vertical rigidity.
As shown in Figure 1, vertical earthquake isolating device top connecting plate 1 is connected with structural base, structure vertical force is directly born.Bottom
Spring 12 and middle layer spring 8 are not involved in work in normal use.Precompressed of the lower layer's connecting plate 9 in bottom spring 12 at this time
It is withstood under power effect on the limited block 13 of middle part, remain stationary, be not involved in work.Middle layer connecting plate 7 is in one layer of main spring 6
Under the precompression effect of middle layer spring 8, it remain stationary, is not involved in work.When the counter-force of support is higher than middle layer spring 8
Precompression and be lower than bottom spring 12 precompression when, lower layer's connecting plate 9 and middle layer connecting plate 7 will remain static,
So that bottom spring 12 and middle layer spring 8 are not involved in work.The vertical earthquake isolating part of support only has one layer of main spring 6 at this time
Work is participated in, is held necessary to vertical rigidity needed for structure and overall process are vertical when one layer of main spring 6 provides normal use
Power is carried, the vertical rigidity of support is biggish initial stiffness, that is, level-one rigidity, it is ensured that structure is in live load, wind load, low amplitude value
Biggish vertical displacement and vibration are not generated under the effects of earthquake.The vertical rigidity of support can be by right in claims at this time
The formula answered calculates.
The excessive end reaction of local earthquake centre structure is the general gram of lower layer's connecting plate 9 when being more than the precompression of bottom spring 12
The elastic force setting in motion of bottom spring 12 is taken, one layer of main spring 6 and the series connection of bottom spring 12 work at the same time at this time, so that support
Vertical rigidity greatly reduces.The vertical rigidity of support at this time is kept to second level rigidity, can pass through public affairs corresponding in claims
Formula calculates.The reduction of the stage vertical support rigidity primarily to extending structure the vertical period, reduce and tied under geological process
Structure design based on performance target is realized in various responses of the structure including acceleration, internal force.When lower layer's bloom 10 is transported
It moves when contacted with bottom limited block 11, lower layer's connecting plate 9 is by stop motion, and hereafter bottom spring 12 will move out work.
Only have one layer of main spring 6 to participate in work at this time, support vertical rigidity changes, and becomes three-level rigidity.The rigidity mainly be
It avoids resonance, reduce Seismic Isolation of Isolation Layer displacement, prevent the support from destroying.10 He of precompression and lower layer's bloom of bottom spring 12
The distance between bottom limited block 11 needs flexible design, realizes the multilevel stiffness changing control of vertical earthquake isolating.
The too small end reaction of local earthquake centre structure is when being lower than the precompression of middle layer spring 8, and middle layer connecting plate 7 will
It disengages, moves upwards, at this time one layer of main spring 6 and middle layer bullet with lower layer connecting plate 9 under the elastic force effect of middle layer spring 8
The series connection of spring 8 works at the same time, so that the vertical rigidity of support greatly reduces.The vertical rigidity of support at this time is kept to second level rigidity,
It can be calculated by formula corresponding in claims.The reduction of the stage vertical support rigidity is primarily to extending structure
The vertical period reduces various responses of the geological process flowering structure including acceleration, internal force, realizes structure based on the anti-of performance
Shake design object.When middle layer connecting plate 7, which is moved to, to be contacted with top limited block 5, middle layer connecting plate 7 will stop transporting
Dynamic, hereafter middle layer spring 8 will move out work.Only have one layer of main spring 6 to participate in work at this time, support vertical rigidity changes
Become, becomes three-level rigidity.The rigidity primarily to avoid resonance, reduce Seismic Isolation of Isolation Layer displacement, prevent support from destroying.It is intermediate
The precompression and the distance between middle layer connecting plate 7 and top limited block 5 of layer spring 8 need flexible design, realize vertical
The multilevel stiffness changing of shock insulation controls.
Laminated rubber bases are by laminated rubber bases upper junction plate 16, laminated rubber bases lower connecting plate 19 and centre
Steel plate layer 17, rubber layer 18.Due to the presence of vertical earthquake isolating part, so that horizontal seismic isolation part receiving during entire shock insulation
Vertical pressure variation amplitude is smaller, so that its horizontal seismic isolation performance is more stable.The tensile bearing capacity of laminated rubber bases is enough
Meet the overall stability of three-dimensional isolation device and the requirement of job security.
Four cycle side plates 3 are connected with each other and fix with vertical earthquake isolating device bottom connecting plate 15, then will be upper by high-strength bolt 14
Portion's vertical earthquake isolating device is reliably connected with laminated rubber bases.Connection at the top of the Shear transfer that structural base is born to vertical earthquake isolating device
Then plate 1 is directly delivered to vertical earthquake isolating device bottom connecting plate 15 by four cycle side plates 3, then transmitted by high-strength bolt 14
To the laminated rubber bases part of lower part.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, it is noted that on
State that examples illustrate the present invention rather than limits the invention, it is all to utilize this specification principle and accompanying drawing content
Made equivalent structure or equivalent flow shift, is applied directly or indirectly in other relevant technical fields, and similarly includes
In scope of patent protection of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of variation rigidity three-dimensional isolation device, characterized in that the laminated rubber branch of vertical earthquake isolating system, lower part including top
Seat and connecting component；Vertical earthquake isolating system include vertical earthquake isolating device top connecting plate, ball, four cycle side plates, longitudinal stiffener, on
Portion's limited block, one layer of main spring, middle layer connecting plate, middle layer spring, lower layer's connecting plate, lower layer's bloom, bottom limited block, bottom
Layer spring, middle part limited block, high-strength bolt, vertical earthquake isolating device bottom connecting plate；Laminated rubber bases include laminated rubber bases
Upper junction plate, steel plate layer, rubber layer, laminated rubber bases lower connecting plate；Vertical earthquake isolating device bottom connecting plate and laminated rubber branch
Seat upper junction plate connection；Vertical earthquake isolating device top connecting plate surrounding opens up circular groove, ball in circular groove, and ball can more than
Lower rolling；Ball and four cycle side plates contact with each other but are not connected to；Four cycle side plates are connected with longitudinal stiffener；One layer of main spring top
It is connected with vertical earthquake isolating device top connecting plate, one layer of main spring lower part is connected with middle layer connecting plate；Top limited block and surrounding
Side plate connection；Middle layer spring top is connected with middle layer connecting plate, and middle layer spring lower part is connected with lower layer's connecting plate；It is intermediate
Layer connecting plate and lower layer's connecting plate are contacted but are not connected to；Lower layer's bloom is connected with lower layer's connecting plate；Middle part limited block and four sides
Plate connection and lower layer's connecting plate are contacted but are not connected to；Bottom spring top is connect with lower layer's connecting plate, bottom spring lower part and perpendicular
It is connected to isolator bottom connecting plate；Vertical earthquake isolating device bottom connecting plate is connect with four cycle side plates；The connection of vertical earthquake isolating device bottom
Plate is connect with longitudinal stiffener；Steel plate layer and rubber layer form laminated rubber layer, top and laminated rubber bases upper junction plate and connect
It connects, the connection of lower part and laminated rubber bases lower connecting plate.
2. variation rigidity three-dimensional isolation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that the vertical earthquake isolating device bottom of described device connects
Fishplate bar is fitted and connected with the upper junction plate of laminated rubber bases and is connected using high-strength bolt or welding manner；Or it is directly processed into
One piece of connecting plate；
Four cycle side plates and longitudinal stiffener of described device are directly connected to by welding；Four cycle side plates and vertical earthquake isolating device bottom connect
Fishplate bar is directly connected to by welding；Longitudinal stiffener and vertical earthquake isolating device bottom connecting plate are directly connected to by welding；
The fixed form of the spring of described device is welding or is threadedly coupled；Or it is not fixed pressure spring, only allow pressure spring and connecting plate
Between under spring endogenetic process be in close contact connection；
The top limited block and four cycle side plates of described device are directly connected to by welding；Middle part limited block and four cycle side plates pass through weldering
It connects and is directly connected to；Bottom limited block and vertical earthquake isolating device bottom connecting plate are directly connected to by welding；The production of all limited blocks
It is the steel plate of one layer of rubber of external package；
The lower layer's connecting plate and lower layer's bloom of described device are directly connected to by welding.
3. a kind of variation rigidity three-dimensional isolation method, characterized in that setting three-dimensional isolation device is vertically being solely subjected to dead load and mobile load,
Only one layer of main spring participates in work；Lower layer's connecting plate is withstood on the limited block of middle part under the precompression effect of bottom spring,
It remain stationary, is not involved in work, bottom spring is also not involved in work；Middle layer connecting plate is acted in the precompression of middle layer spring
It is remain stationary under the pressure effect of one layer of main spring, middle layer spring is not involved in work；In superstructure by downward ground
When shake acts on, three-dimensional isolation device increase subject to downward force, when the precompression subject to downward force for breaking through bottom spring, under
Layer connecting plate moves downward, and bottom spring and one layer of main spring form series connection, works at the same time, to play the role of variation rigidity；
When lower layer's bloom and bottom limited block contact, bottom spring moves to extreme position, and bottom spring exits work at this time,
One layer of main spring works on, thus play the role of variation rigidity, the vertical displacement of limits device；In superstructure by upward
When geological process, three-dimensional isolation device is by upward power, when the sum of the precompression of middle layer spring and upward seismic force are big
When the vertical dead load that three-dimensional isolation device is born, middle layer connecting plate and lower layer's connecting plate are disengaged, middle layer spring and one
Layer main spring forms series connection, works at the same time, to play the role of variation rigidity；When middle layer connecting plate is contacted with top limited block
When, middle layer spring moves to extreme position, and middle layer spring exits work at this time, and one layer of main spring works on, from
And play the role of variation rigidity, the vertical displacement of limits device；Four cycle side plates are used to limit the horizontal movement of vertical earthquake isolating device.
4. variation rigidity three-dimensional isolation method as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the method is the group using different springs
It closes to change the vertical rigidity of vertical earthquake isolating device, reaches variable rigidity control effect；In serviceability limit stage, only one layer of main bullet
Spring participates in work, and the vertical rigidity of support is calculated by following formula；
K1=n k1
In formula, K1Indicate the vertical rigidity of support when only one layer of main spring work, k1Indicate the rigidity of one layer of main spring, n table
Show the sum of one layer of main spring；With the variation of geological process, bottom spring/middle layer spring participates in work, support it is vertical
Rigidity also changes, and calculates the vertical rigidity of support according to the following formula at this time:
In formula, K2Indicate the vertical rigidity of support when bottom spring/middle layer spring participates in work, k1Indicate one layer of main spring
Rigidity, n indicate the sum of one layer of main spring, k2Indicate bottom spring/middle layer spring rigidity, m indicates bottom spring/centre
The sum of layer spring.
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| CN113958014A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2022-01-21 | 武汉工程大学 | Self-adaptive variable-rigidity three-dimensional shock isolation/vibration device |
| CN114321248A (en) * | 2021-12-11 | 2022-04-12 | 北京工业大学 | Dynamic balance type vertical shock isolator |
| CN114382192A (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-04-22 | 北京科技大学 | Relay type shape memory alloy wire damper and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN115324205A (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2022-11-11 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | Quasi-zero-rigidity vertical shock isolator, design method thereof and three-dimensional shock isolation device |
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| CN114382192A (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-04-22 | 北京科技大学 | Relay type shape memory alloy wire damper and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN115324205A (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2022-11-11 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | Quasi-zero-rigidity vertical shock isolator, design method thereof and three-dimensional shock isolation device |
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