CN110456832A - A kind of sun tracker and method - Google Patents
A kind of sun tracker and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110456832A CN110456832A CN201910767832.9A CN201910767832A CN110456832A CN 110456832 A CN110456832 A CN 110456832A CN 201910767832 A CN201910767832 A CN 201910767832A CN 110456832 A CN110456832 A CN 110456832A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D3/00—Control of position or direction
- G05D3/12—Control of position or direction using feedback
- G05D3/20—Control of position or direction using feedback using a digital comparing device
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of sun tracker and method, this method combines simulation to calculate and detects with sensor, realizes solar tracking.Firstly, calculating the general section of the current sun according to GPS information, time and astronomic knowledge, then tracking device detects sun specific location in section through the invention, provides guidance for tracking.Tracking device of the present invention consists of two parts, and detection probe and detection mainboard, detection probe are installed on light panel, and bottom is connected to detection mainboard by cable, can will test result by mainboard and be sent to computer.There is cloud the present invention overcomes fine day to block, tracking problem can not be adjusted, after sensing that object occur has blocked light with detection mode, adjustment tracking is calculated according to simulation, after sensing the sun again, again with probe detection position of sun adjustment tracking.The present invention pops one's head in, and different location difference is obvious, and detection is more accurate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to solar energy application, in particular to a kind of sun tracker and method.
Background technique
Solar energy is as a kind of green energy resource, and in order to Efficient Conversion solar energy, many apparatus for utilization of solar energy with solar are needed
Real-time reception maximum luminous energy, such as photovoltaic generating system are wanted, if energy real-time ensuring vertical incidence, can effectively improve generated energy.
At present to sun tracing method, mainly there are astronomical calculating method and optoelectronic induction method.Wherein, astronomical calculating method is according to day
Literary knowledge, latitude and longitude information, time etc. calculate a certain position position of sun information, but do not consider air index under different temperatures
Variation, there are errors.Optoelectronic induction is sent out common for " four-quadrant photoelectric method ", does not consider the diffraction of light mostly using the device of this method
Effect, after certain distance is propagated, there is obvious diverging in shade for the shadow region of very little, causes detection inaccuracy, Wu Fada
To theoretical detection accuracy.Meanwhile that there are detection ranges is limited for photoelectric method, visual angle minor issue needs that position is manually specified when initial.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention combines original method advantage, provides a kind of sun tracker and side
Method, its object is to: effectively improve detection accuracy.
To achieve the above object, the technology of the present invention solution is:
A kind of sun tracker, using sensor tracing detection, the sensor is mainly by detection probe and detection mainboard two
Part forms, and the detection probe is cuboid housing, and there are rectangular duck eyes for the case top, enters to inject inside for light,
Top outer patch glass, probe bottom are 9 × 9 silicon photocell arrays, and array center is bottom centre position, are hung down with top hole
Directly, detection mainboard is output signals to by waterproof connector.
Further, the detection mainboard mainly includes input interface, power-supply system, photoelectric current amplification circuit, analog quantity
Detection system resets system, Ethernet receive-transmit system, and the low current signal that the input interface receiving transducer issues is sent into
Photoelectric current amplification circuit is enlarged into the voltage signal for detection, after embedded simulation amount detection systems detect signal, leads to
Ethernet receive-transmit system is crossed, network is sent the signal to.
Further, the silicon photocell size is identical as bore hole size.
Further, the silicon photocell chooses the good silicon photocell of the linearity.
Preferably, the detection probe top glass gap sealing waterproof prevents dust, rainwater etc. from entering probe.
Preferably, the probing shell is opaque materials, and inner shell is black.
A kind of sun tracing method, specifically includes following below scheme:
(1) it is calculated currently too using the day syntax according to GPS information, time and astronomic knowledge
Positive position section；
(2) specific location is detected in section by sensor, under sunlight vertical incidence state,
Hot spot falls in central sensor, and when offset, hot spot is partially moved to ambient sensors；
(3) spot detection is used and light is removed to 9 test points with mean value manner of comparison
Strong maximum value acquires remaining 8 points of mean value, as benchmark；
(4) after some sensor detected value is greater than 50% ratio of benchmark, it is believed that hot spot is herein
Position；There is 5% ratio when some sensor detected value rises or falls compared to benchmark, it is believed that hot spot produces position herein
It moves, subsequent motor driven light receiving plate movement makes hot spot be restored to center；
(5) if a reference value is lower than a certain fixed value for a long time, it is believed that weather is not fine day or cloud occurs at this time, is tracked with mould
Quasi- computation interval center is input, and motor driven light receiving plate normal is directed toward the input.
Further, the single silicon photocell size of the tracking device, the linearity and probing shell size codetermine view
Wild, precision.Silicon photocell is rectangular, side lengthl, shell lengthh, single probe visual field θ=2 × arctan (2 ×l/ h)；It is selected
It is Δ that silicon photocell, which effectively detects the mobile variation distance of hot spot, at this time detection accuracyβ=arctan(Δ/h)。
The present invention has the advantage that
1. the configuration of the present invention is simple, low in cost, tracking accuracy is up to 0.38 degree, probe
It is small in size, it is not take up a large amount of areas of light-receiving surface.
2. probe designs Sizes of the present invention, it is contemplated that light is imitated in the diffraction of object edge
It answers, guarantees clarity of the hot spot on detection array, can reliably detect.
3. the present invention pops one's head in, internal integrated environment is dark, and only facula position is locally bright.Other
Probe local shades, it is whole bright, bring hatching effect to be deteriorated.The present invention pops one's head in, and different location difference is obvious, and detection is more
Add accurate.
4. the present invention solves, the Traditional photovoltaic detection visual field is small, and initialization needs manual alignment issues,
Sun interval range is obtained with astronomy simulation calculation, as initialization section, the covering of adjust automatically probe field of view should
Section, then detected.
5. cloud occur the present invention overcomes fine day to block, tracking problem can not be adjusted, with detection
After mode senses that object occur has blocked light, adjustment tracking is calculated according to simulation.After sensing the sun again, weight
Newly with probe detection position of sun adjustment tracking.
6. the present invention can directly be sent data to by Ethernet equipped with Ethernet interface
A distant place.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is tracking flow chart of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is present invention probe cross-sectional view；
Fig. 3 is present invention probe detection sensor array distribution map；
Fig. 4 is overall structure figure of the present invention.
In figure: 1, unthreaded hole, 2, seal glass lid, 3, opaque shell, 4, waterproof connector, 5, signal cable, 6, silicon photoelectricity
Pond array.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the invention is not limited to specific embodiments.
As Figure 1-Figure 4, for a certain fixed-site, GPS information fixation can be looked into, using the day syntax according to GPS information,
Current time and astronomic knowledge can calculate current position of sun section in real time.According to current light receiving plate and sensor position, calculate
The sun obtains the direction of motion and stroke, driving motor drives light receiving plate and sensor to be directed toward the section, in area with respect to self-position
Interior detection specific location.
Sensor is made of detection probe and detection mainboard two parts.Detection probe is the opaque shell 3 of cuboid, shell
Top enters for light there are rectangular unthreaded hole 1 and injects bottom, and unthreaded hole size is identical as single photosensitive sensor size.Top outer patch
Seal glass lid 2, gap sealing waterproof prevent dust, rainwater etc. from entering probe.Probe bottom is 9 × 9 silicon photocell arrays 6,
Sensitive light spots position.Selected silicon photocell needs the linearity preferable, such as SG-1226-18BK, and signal cable 5 is connect by waterproof
First 4 are output to detection mainboard.
The tracking device detection mainboard specifically includes that input interface, power-supply system, photoelectric current amplification circuit, analog quantity
Detection system resets system, Ethernet receive-transmit system.The low current signal that input interface receiving transducer issues is sent into photoelectricity
Current amplifier is enlarged into the voltage signal for detection.Amplifying circuit is amplified using AD825 and LF353 chip two-stage, voltage
It follows, about 110,000 times of amplification factor.Main embedded chip uses STM32F103RCT6, utilizes its analog-digital conversion function, detection electricity
Press signal.Then, by Ethernet receive-transmit system, network is sent the signal to.Selected network chip ENC28J60, passes through SPI
Communications protocol is communicated with main control chip.Entire detection mainboard is placed in a control box.
The tracking device silicon photocell array, array center are bottom centre position, vertical with top hole, each silicon
Photoelectricity pool size is identical as bore hole size.Under sunlight vertical incidence state, hot spot falls in central sensor, when offset, hot spot
It is partially moved to ambient sensors.The probing shell is opaque materials, and inner shell is black.
The single silicon photocell size of the tracking device, the linearity and probing shell size codetermine the visual field, precision.Silicon
Photocell is rectangular, side length 5mm, and shell length 37.32mm, single probe visual field θ are 30 degree.Selected silicon photocell effectively detects
The mobile variation distance of hot spot is 0.25mm, and detection accuracy β is 0.38 degree at this time.
Tracking device uses spot detection and removes maximum value to 9 test points with mean value manner of comparison, acquire remaining 8
The mean value of point, as benchmark.After some sensor detected value is greater than 50% ratio of benchmark, it is believed that hot spot is in this position.When some
Sensor detected value rises or falls 5% ratio compared to benchmark, it is believed that hot spot produces displacement herein.It is low for a long time in a reference value
When a certain fixed value, it is believed that weather is not fine day or cloud occurs at this time, and the sun is not detected, and tracking calculates area to simulate
Between center be input.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of sun tracker, using sensor tracing detection, it is characterised in that: the sensor is mainly by detection probe
With detection mainboard two parts composition, the detection probe is cuboid housing, and there are rectangular duck eyes for the case top, for light
Entering and injects inside, top outer patch glass, probe bottom is 9 × 9 silicon photocell arrays, and array center is bottom centre position, with
Top hole is vertical, outputs signals to detection mainboard by waterproof connector.
2. a kind of sun tracker as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the detection mainboard mainly includes that input connects
Mouth, photoelectric current amplification circuit, simulation amount detection systems, resets system, Ethernet receive-transmit system at power-supply system, and the input connects
The low current signal that mouth receiving transducer issues, is sent into photoelectric current amplification circuit, is enlarged into the voltage signal for detection, is embedded in
After formula simulation amount detection systems detect signal, by Ethernet receive-transmit system, network is sent the signal to.
3. a kind of sun tracker as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the silicon photocell size and bore hole size
It is identical.
4. a kind of sun tracker as claimed in claim 1 or 3, it is characterised in that: the silicon photocell chooses the linearity
Good silicon photocell.
5. a kind of sun tracker as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: detection probe top glass gap is close
Seal waterproof.
6. a kind of sun tracker as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the probing shell is opaque materials, interior
Portion's shell is black.
7. a kind of sun tracing method, specifically includes following below scheme:
(1) current position of sun section is calculated according to GPS information, time and astronomic knowledge using the day syntax；
(2) specific location is detected in section by sensor, under sunlight vertical incidence state, hot spot falls in central sensor, when
When offset, hot spot is partially moved to ambient sensors；
(3) spot detection is used and is removed by light intensity maximum value, acquires at remaining 8 points for 9 test points with mean value manner of comparison
Mean value, as benchmark；
(4) after some sensor detected value is greater than 50% ratio of benchmark, it is believed that hot spot is in this position；When some sensor detects
Value rises or falls compared to benchmark there is 5% ratio, it is believed that hot spot produces displacement, subsequent motor driven light receiving plate movement herein
Hot spot is set to be restored to center；
(5) if a reference value is lower than a certain fixed value for a long time, it is believed that weather is not fine day or cloud occurs at this time, is tracked with mould
Quasi- computation interval center is input, and motor driven light receiving plate normal is directed toward the input.
8. a kind of sun tracing method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the single silicon photocell ruler of tracking device
The very little, linearity and probing shell size codetermine the visual field, precision；Silicon photocell is rectangular, side lengthl, shell lengthh, individually
Probe field of view θ=2 × arctan (2 ×l/ h)；It is Δ that selected silicon photocell, which effectively detects the mobile variation distance of hot spot, is examined at this time
Survey precisionβ=arctan(Δ/h)。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910767832.9A CN110456832A (en) | 2019-08-20 | 2019-08-20 | A kind of sun tracker and method |
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| CN201910767832.9A CN110456832A (en) | 2019-08-20 | 2019-08-20 | A kind of sun tracker and method |
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| CN103365302A (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2013-10-23 | 陕西理工学院 | Sun light ray tracking algorithm fusing three-phase limitation sun light ray sensor and light spot image sensor |
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Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101556422A (en) * | 2008-04-11 | 2009-10-14 | 泰州中盛泰通光电有限公司 | Light-intensity difference amplification device for solar automatic tracking system and design method thereof |
| CN101650173A (en) * | 2009-09-11 | 2010-02-17 | 武汉理工大学 | Photoelectric sensor for position of sun |
| CN101662241A (en) * | 2009-09-18 | 2010-03-03 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Sun orientation automatic tracking method and device used for photovoltaic power generation |
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| WO2012014236A1 (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2012-02-02 | Alitec S.R.L. | Quadrant photodetector and related method for sun tracking |
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Application publication date: 20191115 |