CN110456368A - A kind of infrared ranging system and its distance measuring method - Google Patents
A kind of infrared ranging system and its distance measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110456368A CN110456368A CN201810434300.9A CN201810434300A CN110456368A CN 110456368 A CN110456368 A CN 110456368A CN 201810434300 A CN201810434300 A CN 201810434300A CN 110456368 A CN110456368 A CN 110456368A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
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- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
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- Measurement Of Optical Distance (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of infrared ranging system and its distance measuring method, range-measurement system includes infrared transmitting device, infrared receiving device, single-chip microcontroller, display device；Distance measuring method are as follows: single-chip microcontroller is initialized first, and reads the real time data for issuing voltage signal from infrared receiving tube；Then A/D converter is converted by A/D, and voltage signal is converted to the digital signal that single-chip microcontroller is capable of handling；Digital signal decoding is changed into frequency again, is shown as voltage value；Calculate voltage value respective distances；Initialization data repeatedly acquires data, further accuracy computation；The voltage of variation is finally converted into distance, display distance.The scheme that the present invention has constructed whole image recognition, separated, reconstructs, in particular, in that dynamic captures in real time.So that the infrared image of simple mode is apparent from, and dynamic judgement can be carried out, keep some pictures more demanding, the control accurate scheme of precision is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to infrared sensor and infrared imagery technique field more particularly to a kind of infrared ranging system and its
Distance measuring method.
Background technique
Infrared imagery technique is the new and high technology having a bright future.The electromagnetic wave longer than 0.78 micron is located at visible light light
It composes other than red, referred to as infrared ray, also known as infra-red radiation.Refer to that wavelength is 0.78-1000 microns of electromagnetic wave, medium wavelength
It is known as near-infrared for 0.78-2.0 microns of parts, wavelength is that 2.0-1000 microns of part is known as Thermal Infra-Red.Nature
In, all objects can infrared radiation, therefore can be with using infrared ray difference of the survey meter measurement target between background itself
Obtain the infrared image that different Thermal Infra-Reds is formed.Existing infrared thermal imaging technique is more mature, also has in civil field
Certain to use, not by electromagnetic interference, detectivity is strong, and operating distance is remote, in video monitoring, target identification, fire disaster intelligently prison
Control has outstanding performance with identification aspect.In home entertaining, business promotion etc. also has huge potentiality.Infrared thermal imaging
The advantages of technology, is more, using wide, thus most development potentiality.
And there are two types of types for infrared focal plane array seeker at present: first is that the light quantum formed coke plane of cryogenic cooling work
Detector array；Second is that two pole focal plane array detectors of uncooled IRFPA work.Although current second of un-cooled FPA battle array
The sensitivity of row detector, will be lower than light quantity subtype array, but its performance can satisfy it is most of military and almost all of
It is civilian.Therefore, using the infrared thermal imager of the focal plane array detector of uncooled IRFPA work, miniaturization, low can be really realized
Price is the mainstream of the following small low-cost application.
In basic subject research, sensor has status outstanding.The development of modern science and technology enters many new
Field, and successively occur laser ranging, microwave radar range, ultrasonic distance measurement and infrared distance measuring in terms of ranging.Wherein
Laser ranging is that the distance of reflected detecting laser beam object on object is radiated at by laser beam.Due to by severe day
The factors such as gas, pollution influence, and reduce the laser beam of reflection detection range on certain power than the maximum distance that may be detected
Half or so, loss is very big, influences the accuracy of detection；Microwave radar range technology is what military and certain industrial developments used
The circuit parts such as equipment and oscillator are expensive, and almost there are no developing commercial markets now；Ultrasonic distance measurement is at home and abroad
Someone did research, due to keeping its price high using special professional component, it is difficult to promote.
Infrared ray is as a kind of special light wave, basic physical transfer characteristic-reflection, refraction, scattering with light wave
Deng, and since its technical difficulty is relatively less big, the range-measurement system of composition is low in cost, function admirable, is convenient for civilian popularization.It is red
Outside line distance measuring sensor has its several features: can telemeasurement, be capable of measuring in the case where no-reflection plate and low reflectivity
Larger distance；There is synchronous input end, it can multiple sensor synchro measures；Measurement range is wide, and the response time is short；Configuration design is tight
It gathers, is easily installed, convenient for operation；So its application value is relatively high.In addition infrared distance measurement using more and more common.Very
It is multi-field to use infrared range-measurement system.Infrared distance measurement generally has accuracy and high resolution, strong antijamming capability, volume
The advantages that small, light-weight, thus application field is wide, industry requirement is numerous, the market demand capacity is big.The hair of current infrared range-measurement system
Exhibition trend is that safer, measurement accuracy is high, system energy consumption is small, the development of volume miniaturization to measuring.
Summary of the invention
The present invention in view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, provides a kind of infrared ranging system and its distance measuring method,
Infrared image is clear, and can carry out dynamic judgement, keeps some pictures more demanding, and the control accurate scheme of precision is able to reality
It is existing.
To solve problems of the prior art, the specific technical solution of use is:
A kind of infrared ranging system comprising infrared transmitting device, infrared receiving device, single-chip microcontroller, display device；
The infrared transmitting device projects near infrared spectrum, and after being irradiated to rough object or penetrating frosted glass, spectrum is distorted,
And form random reflected spot；The infrared receiving device is used to receive the optical signal of reflected spot, and pipe turns optical signal
It turns to electric signal and amplifies；The single-chip microcontroller changes by A/D dress and converts electrical signals to digital signal, and by digital signal decoding
Frequency is changed, voltage value is formed, converts voltages into corresponding distance；The display device shows the distance after single-chip microcontroller converts
Out.
The present invention also provides a kind of infrared imaging distance measuring methods comprising following steps:
S1, single-chip microcontroller initialization, and read the real time data that voltage signal is issued from infrared receiving tube；
S2, A/D converter are converted by A/D, and voltage signal is converted to the digital signal that single-chip microcontroller is capable of handling；
S3, digital signal decoding is changed into frequency, is shown as voltage value；
S4, voltage value respective distances are calculated；
S5, repeatedly initialization data acquire data, further accuracy computation；
S6, the voltage of variation is converted into distance, display distance.
Preferably, the A/D converter is made of comparator, D/A converter, buffer register and control logic circuit.
It is further preferred that the A/D converter obtains the output of digital quantity using successive approximation method.
Still more preferably, the conversion process of the successive approximation method is: when initialization that successive approximation register is each
Position is reset；When conversion starts, first by successive approximation register extreme higher position 1, it is sent into D/A converter, is generated after D/A is converted
Analog quantity is sent into comparator, and Vo is compared by referred to as Vo with the analog quantity Vi to be converted for being sent into comparator, if Vo < Vi,
The position 1 is retained, and is otherwise removed；Then it is 1 that it is high-order, which to set successive approximation register time again, and digital quantity new in register is sent
D/A converter, the Vo of output is again compared with Vi, if Vo < Vi, which is retained, and is otherwise removed；This process is repeated, until forcing
Nearly register lowest order；After conversion end, the digital quantity in successive approximation register is sent into buffer register, obtains digital quantity
Output.
Still further preferably, the calculation formula of actual range are as follows:
Actual range=2547.8/ ((float) sampled data * 0.49-10.41) -0.42.
Wherein, the method that range accuracy calculates in step S5 are as follows: the voltage data combination range data for obtaining preceding n times,
Retain in memory buffer；After target physical distance change, continue to acquire n times voltage data and range data；Such 3 times with
On, it obtains the voltage distances variable relation value of current environment, obtains variable relation constant k；During distance conversion later calculates,
Constant k is added and improves precision and accuracy.
By using above scheme, of the invention a kind of infrared ranging system and its distance measuring method and prior art phase
Than having the technical effect that
The present invention has constructed whole image recognition, separation, again structure on the basis of traditional infra-red thermal imaging system
At scheme, in particular, in that in real time dynamic capture.So that the infrared image of simple mode is apparent from, and dynamic can be carried out
Judgement, keeps some pictures more demanding, and the control accurate scheme of precision is achieved.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the systematic schematic diagram of infrared ranging system of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the measurement method flow diagram of infrared ranging system of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below with reference to specific example and referring to attached
Figure, the present invention is described in more detail.It should be understood that these descriptions are merely illustrative, and it is not intended to limit of the invention
Range.In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted, to avoid the present invention is unnecessarily obscured
Concept.
The hardware of inventive sensor forms are as follows:
1, infrared camera: actively projecting near infrared spectrum, after being irradiated to rough object or penetrating frosted glass, spectrum
It is distorted, will form random reflected spot, i.e. speckle, and then can be read by outer camera.
2, infrared camera: analyzing infrared spectroscopy, the depth image of human body, object in creation visual range.
3, single-chip microcontroller.
The method that the present invention uses infrared imaging ranging are as follows:
1, start application program, hardware device simultaneously initializes.
2, connection data content initialization.Reading data in real-time later.
3, since single-chip microcontroller cannot directly handle the received voltage signal of infrared receiving tube, so AD conversion is first passed through, it will
Signal is converted to the digital signal that single-chip microcontroller is capable of handling.
4, digital signal decoding is changed into frequency, is shown as voltage value.
5, voltage value respective distances, and initialization data repeatedly are calculated, data are acquired.
6, further accuracy computation.
7, the voltage of variation is converted into distance, display distance.
A/D converter using successive approximation method is patrolled by a comparator, D/A converter, buffer register and control
Collect circuit composition.
Basic principle is: souning out and compares by turn from a high position to low level, as weighing object in the balance, from again to gently increasing and decreasing step by step
Counterweight is soundd out.
Successive approximation method conversion process is: by successive approximation register, everybody is reset when initialization；When conversion starts, first will
D/A converter is sent into successive approximation register extreme higher position 1, and the analog quantity generated after D/A is converted is sent into comparator, referred to as
Vo is compared with the analog quantity Vi to be converted for being sent into comparator, if Vo < Vi, which is retained, and is otherwise removed.Then
It is 1 that it is high-order, which to set successive approximation register time again, send digital quantity new in register to D/A converter, the Vo of output again with Vi ratio
Compared with if Vo < Vi, which is retained, and is otherwise removed.This process is repeated, until approaching register lowest order.After conversion end,
Digital quantity in successive approximation register is sent into buffer register, obtains the output of digital quantity.The operating process of Approach by inchmeal
It is to be carried out under the control of a control circuit.
Actual range=2547.8/ ((float) sampled data * 0.49-10.41) -0.42
General distance known to formula as above, but precision then needs more to calculate.
The voltage data combination range data that preceding n times are obtained retains in memory buffer.To target physical distance change
Afterwards, continue to acquire n times voltage data and range data.Such 3 times or more, obtain the voltage distances variable relation of current environment
Value.Variable relation constant k is obtained, the distance conversion later is added constant k and improves precision and accuracy in calculating.Finally will
Range information display output.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the protection scope being not intended to limit the invention, it is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, made any modification, is all included in the scope of protection of the present invention equivalent replacement.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of infrared ranging system, which is characterized in that it include infrared transmitting device, infrared receiving device, single-chip microcontroller,
Display device；The infrared transmitting device projects near infrared spectrum, after being irradiated to rough object or penetrating frosted glass, spectrum
It is distorted, and forms random reflected spot；The infrared receiving device is used to receive the optical signal of reflected spot, and pipe will
Optical signal is converted into electric signal and amplifies；The single-chip microcontroller is changed by A/D dress and converts electrical signals to digital signal, and will be digital
Frequency is changed in signal decoding, forms voltage value, converts voltages into corresponding distance；The display device will be after single-chip microcontroller converts
Distance is shown.
2. a kind of infrared imaging distance measuring method, which is characterized in that itself the following steps are included:
S1, single-chip microcontroller initialization, and read the real time data that voltage signal is issued from infrared receiving tube；
S2, A/D converter are converted by A/D, and voltage signal is converted to the digital signal that single-chip microcontroller is capable of handling；
S3, digital signal decoding is changed into frequency, is shown as voltage value；
S4, voltage value respective distances are calculated；
S5, repeatedly initialization data acquire data, further accuracy computation；
S6, the voltage of variation is converted into distance, display distance.
3. a kind of infrared imaging distance measuring method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the A/D converter is by comparing
Device, D/A converter, buffer register and control logic circuit composition.
4. a kind of infrared imaging distance measuring method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the A/D converter use by
Secondary approximatioss obtains the output of digital quantity.
5. a kind of infrared imaging distance measuring method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the conversion of the successive approximation method
Process is: by successive approximation register, everybody is reset when initialization；When conversion starts, first by successive approximation register extreme higher position
1, be sent into D/A converter, the analog quantity that generates after D/A is converted is sent into comparator, referred to as Vo, by Vo and be sent into comparator to
The analog quantity Vi of conversion is compared, if Vo < Vi, which is retained, and is otherwise removed；Then successive approximation register is set again
It is secondary it is high-order be 1, send digital quantity new in register to D/A converter, the Vo of output is again compared with Vi, if Vo < Vi, 1 quilt of position
Retain, is otherwise removed；This process is repeated, until approaching register lowest order；It, will be in successive approximation register after conversion end
Digital quantity be sent into buffer register, obtain the output of digital quantity.
6. a kind of infrared imaging distance measuring method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the calculation formula of actual range
Are as follows:
Actual range=2547.8/ ((float) sampled data * 0.49-10.41) -0.42.
7. a kind of infrared imaging distance measuring method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that range accuracy calculates in step S5
Method are as follows: the voltage data combination range data for obtaining preceding n times, memory buffer retain；To target physical distance change
Afterwards, continue to acquire n times voltage data and range data；Such 3 times or more, obtain the voltage distances variable relation of current environment
Value obtains variable relation constant k；Distance conversion later is added constant k and improves precision and accuracy in calculating.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111487635A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-08-04 | 苏州市运泰利自动化设备有限公司 | High-precision infrared dynamic infrared ranging system and method |
| CN112666567A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-16 | 南京熊猫电子股份有限公司 | Intelligent induction control system applied to operation support system and control method thereof |
-
2018
- 2018-05-08 CN CN201810434300.9A patent/CN110456368A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111487635A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-08-04 | 苏州市运泰利自动化设备有限公司 | High-precision infrared dynamic infrared ranging system and method |
| CN112666567A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-16 | 南京熊猫电子股份有限公司 | Intelligent induction control system applied to operation support system and control method thereof |
| CN112666567B (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2024-04-09 | 南京熊猫电子股份有限公司 | Control method of intelligent induction control system applied to operation support system |
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Application publication date: 20191115 |
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