CN110452076B - Emulsion explosive sensitizing agent and sensitizing method - Google Patents
Emulsion explosive sensitizing agent and sensitizing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110452076B CN110452076B CN201910732068.1A CN201910732068A CN110452076B CN 110452076 B CN110452076 B CN 110452076B CN 201910732068 A CN201910732068 A CN 201910732068A CN 110452076 B CN110452076 B CN 110452076B
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- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 157
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- XKLJHFLUAHKGGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrous amide Chemical compound ON=N XKLJHFLUAHKGGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 231100000489 sensitizer Toxicity 0.000 claims 10
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 37
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000012946 outsourcing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium thiocyanate Chemical compound [Na+].[S-]C#N VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Natural products NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012229 microporous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920001938 Vegetable gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002429 hydrazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0008—Compounding the ingredient
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0091—Elimination of undesirable or temporary components of an intermediate or finished product, e.g. making porous or low density products, purifying, stabilising, drying; Deactivating; Reclaiming
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
- C06B31/28—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
- C06B31/32—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with a nitrated organic compound
- C06B31/38—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with a nitrated organic compound the nitrated compound being an aromatic
- C06B31/40—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with a nitrated organic compound the nitrated compound being an aromatic with an organic non-explosive or an organic non-thermic component
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses an emulsion explosive sensitizer and a sensitizing method, wherein the emulsion explosive sensitizer comprises an initiator and a sensitizing material loaded by taking a magnetic microporous particle material as a carrier, and the initiator comprises the following components in parts by mass: 30-40 parts of ammonium nitrate, 100-120 parts of water, 2-4 parts of ferric nitrate and 6-10 parts of nitric acid; the sensitizing material comprises the following components in parts by mass: 10-12 parts of nitrite and 6-8 parts of aromatic nitrosamine; the volume ratio of the initiator to the magnetic microporous particle material loaded with the sensitizing material is 1: 30-45. The sensitizer provided by the invention has the advantages that the magnetic microporous particle material is used as the carrier, so that the generation process of bubbles is generated in micropores of the magnetic microporous particle material, the size of the pores is smaller than that of the micropores in the sensitizing process, the bubbles are uniform, the magnetic microporous particle material is in a motion state due to the fact that the magnetic field is around during the sensitizing process, the generated bubbles are distributed more uniformly, the obtained emulsion explosive has a good sensitizing effect, and the index of the emulsion explosive detonation performance after sensitization is high.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of emulsion explosive sensitization, in particular to an emulsion explosive sensitizing agent and a sensitizing method.
Background
The emulsion explosive is a water-in-oil type emulsion water-containing industrial explosive, the density and the viscosity of the early emulsion explosive are high, and the early emulsion explosive does not have detonator sensitivity, and the current emulsion explosive also has detonator sensitivity along with the deep research on the emulsion explosive. The method for promoting the sensitivity of the conventional emulsion explosive uniform detonator is to perform sensitization operation on an emulsion matrix, namely, uniform micro bubbles are introduced into the emulsion matrix to adjust the density and energy of the emulsion explosive, and at present, three methods for introducing the uniform micro bubbles are provided, namely, physical introduction is performed, a microporous material containing bubbles such as perlite and glass microspheres is doped, and the gas in a cavity of the microporous material is utilized to perform adiabatic compression under the action of an explosive to form a 'hot spot', so that sensitization is realized; secondly, chemical sensitization, namely adding chemical materials into the emulsified base to cause the emulsified base to generate chemical reaction in the cooling and mixing process to release gas, and the gas is retained in the emulsified base to form bubbles which are uniformly distributed in the emulsified base, so that the sensitization purpose is achieved; the third method is to combine the first two sensitization methods, which is called composite sensitization.
In the field of the existing sensitizers, expanded perlite is mostly adopted as the sensitizer, but the detonation performance index of the obtained emulsion explosive is low. The inorganic chemical sensitizer mainly comprises nitrite, carbonate, ammonium chloride and the like, and has the characteristics of high foaming speed, large bubbles and difficult control of sensitization quality. The organic chemical sensitizer mainly comprises azoaminylbenzene, a foaming agent H, a foaming agent AG, some hydrazine compounds and the like, has good foaming quality, is easy to burn, has multiple potential safety hazards in the production and use process, and has multiple spontaneous combustion accidents when domestic explosive production units use the H foaming agent in summer high-temperature period. Therefore, the sensitizer which has good sensitization effect, high index of detonation performance of emulsion explosive after sensitization and high safety performance is provided, and has great significance for the development of emulsion explosive.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that the emulsion explosive has good sensitization effect, high detonation performance index of the emulsion explosive after sensitization and high safety performance, the invention provides the emulsion explosive sensitizer and the sensitization method.
In order to realize the purpose, the emulsion explosive sensitizer is provided, and the specific scheme is as follows:
an emulsion explosive sensitizer comprises an initiator and a sensitizing material loaded by taking a magnetic microporous particle material as a carrier, wherein the initiator comprises the following components in parts by mass: 30-40 parts of ammonium nitrate, 100-120 parts of water, 2-4 parts of ferric nitrate and 6-10 parts of nitric acid; the sensitizing material comprises the following components in parts by mass: 10-12 parts of nitrite and 6-8 parts of aromatic nitrosamine; the volume ratio of the initiator to the magnetic microporous particle material loaded with the sensitizing material is 1: 30-45.
Preferably, the method for loading the magnetic microporous particulate material with the sensitizing material comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving nitrite and aromatic nitrosamine in water at 25-30 ℃ according to a ratio to form a saturated sensitization material solution, maintaining the temperature at 25-30 ℃, and soaking the magnetic microporous granular material in the sensitization material solution for 24-48 hours;
(2) and after soaking for 24-48 hours, reducing the temperature of the soaking liquid to-5-0 ℃ until the soaking liquid does not separate out nitrite and aromatic nitrosamine, filtering out the magnetic microporous granular material, removing the nitrite and the aromatic nitrosamine on the surface of the magnetic microporous granular material, and naturally air-drying the magnetic microporous granular material.
Preferably, the equivalent of the particle diameter of the magnetic microporous particle material is 1-2 mm, and the pore diameter size of the micropores is 2-10 um.
Preferably, the initiator comprises the following components in parts by mass: 33-35 parts of ammonium nitrate, 110-115 parts of water, 2.5-3 parts of ferric nitrate and 8-9 parts of nitric acid.
Preferably, the initiator comprises the following components in parts by mass: 35 parts of ammonium nitrate, 110 parts of water, 2.5 parts of ferric nitrate and 8 parts of nitric acid.
Preferably, the initiator comprises the following components in parts by mass: 33 parts of ammonium nitrate, 115 parts of water, 3 parts of ferric nitrate and 9 parts of nitric acid.
Preferably, the sensitizing material comprises the following components in parts by mass: 11-12 parts of nitrite and 6-7 parts of aromatic nitrosamine.
Preferably, the sensitizing material comprises the following components in parts by mass: 11 parts of nitrite and 7 parts of aromatic nitrosamine.
Preferably, the sensitizing material comprises the following components in parts by mass: 12 parts of nitrite and 6 parts of aromatic nitrosamine.
A method for sensitizing an emulsion explosive by adopting the sensitizing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) pouring an initiator into the magnetic microporous particle material loaded with the sensitizing material according to a ratio at the temperature of 5-10 ℃, uniformly mixing and standing for 1-2 hours;
(2) adding the magnetic microporous particle material obtained by standing in the step (1) into an emulsion explosive matrix, and uniformly stirring, wherein the volume ratio of the magnetic microporous particle material to the emulsion explosive matrix is 1: 500-1000;
(3) placing the system on a magnetic stirrer, starting the magnetic stirrer, raising the temperature of the system to 45-55 ℃, and sensitizing for 2-3 hours;
(4) and (3) placing the system on a powerful electromagnetic device, starting the powerful electromagnetic device, sucking the magnetic microporous particle material into the bottom of the system, and transferring the upper-layer particle-free emulsion explosive out.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the sensitizing agent provided by the invention is characterized in that the magnetic microporous particle material is used as a carrier, the sensitizing material is placed in micropores of the magnetic microporous particle material, the initiator is soaked into the micropores at a low temperature before sensitization, the system temperature is increased in the sensitization process, the sensitizing material and the initiator are promoted to perform chemical reaction to generate bubbles, so that the sensitization effect is generated, the sensitization reaction is mild, and the controllability of the sensitization process is high;
in the invention, the bubble generation process is carried out in the micropores of the magnetic microporous granular material, and the bubbles generated in the sensitization process are smaller than the pore size of the micropores and are uniform;
in the sensitization process, the magnetic microporous particle material is in a motion state due to the left and right magnetic fields, so that the generated bubbles are distributed more uniformly, the obtained emulsion explosive has good sensitization effect, and the index of the detonation performance of the emulsion explosive after sensitization is high;
the magnetic microporous granular material is purchased externally, and after being sensitized, the magnetic microporous granular material can be recycled through magnetic separation equipment, and the rest materials are easy to purchase and have low production cost;
the invention does not generate toxic substances in the using process and meets the requirement of green production;
the sensitizer provided by the invention is stored separately before sensitization, and has high safety performance.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides an emulsion explosive sensitizer, which comprises an initiator and a sensitizing material loaded by taking a magnetic microporous particle material as a carrier, wherein the initiator comprises the following components in parts by mass: 35 parts of ammonium nitrate, 110 parts of water, 2.5 parts of ferric nitrate and 8 parts of nitric acid; the sensitizing material comprises the following components in parts by mass: 11 parts of nitrite and 7 parts of aromatic nitrosamine; the volume ratio of the initiator to the magnetic microporous particle material loaded with the sensitizing material is 1: 30.
The preparation process comprises the following steps:
A. initiator: weighing ammonium nitrate, water, ferric nitrate and nitric acid according to a ratio for later use, adding a certain amount of water into a mechanically or manually stirred container, adding ammonium nitrate, stirring for 30 minutes to fully dissolve the ammonium nitrate, adding nitric acid and ferric nitrate, and finally stirring for 60 minutes to fully dissolve and uniformly mix to prepare an initiator;
B. magnetic microporous particulate material loaded with sensitizing material: dissolving nitrite and aromatic nitrosamine in water at 25-30 ℃ according to a ratio to form a saturated sensitization material solution, maintaining the temperature at 25-30 ℃, and soaking the magnetic microporous granular material in the sensitization material solution for 24 hours; after soaking, reducing the temperature of the soaking solution to-5-0 ℃ until no nitrite or aromatic nitrosamine is separated out from the soaking solution, filtering out the magnetic microporous granular material, then removing the nitrite and the aromatic nitrosamine on the surface of the magnetic microporous granular material in a sieving mode after rapid stirring, and naturally air-drying the magnetic microporous granular material.
The equivalent of the particle diameter of the magnetic microporous particle material is 2mm, the pore size of the micropores is 8um, and the magnetic microporous particle material is a outsourcing product.
Example 2
The embodiment provides an emulsion explosive sensitizer, which comprises an initiator and a sensitizing material loaded by taking a magnetic microporous particle material as a carrier, wherein the initiator comprises the following components in parts by mass: 35 parts of ammonium nitrate, 110 parts of water, 2.5 parts of ferric nitrate and 8 parts of nitric acid; the sensitizing material comprises the following components in parts by mass: 11 parts of nitrite and 7 parts of aromatic nitrosamine; the volume ratio of the initiator to the magnetic microporous particle material loaded with the sensitizing material is 1: 30.
The preparation process comprises the following steps:
A. initiator: weighing ammonium nitrate, water, ferric nitrate and nitric acid according to a ratio for later use, adding a certain amount of water into a mechanically or manually stirred container, adding ammonium nitrate, stirring for 30 minutes to fully dissolve the ammonium nitrate, adding nitric acid and ferric nitrate, and finally stirring for 60 minutes to fully dissolve and uniformly mix to prepare an initiator;
B. magnetic microporous particulate material loaded with sensitizing material: dissolving nitrite and aromatic nitrosamine in water at 25-30 ℃ according to a ratio to form a saturated sensitization material solution, maintaining the temperature at 25-30 ℃, and soaking the magnetic microporous granular material in the sensitization material solution for 48 hours; after soaking, reducing the temperature of the soaking solution to-5-0 ℃ until no nitrite or aromatic nitrosamine is separated out from the soaking solution, filtering out the magnetic microporous granular material, then removing the nitrite and the aromatic nitrosamine on the surface of the magnetic microporous granular material in a sieving mode after rapid stirring, and naturally air-drying the magnetic microporous granular material.
The equivalent of the particle diameter of the magnetic microporous particle material is 2mm, the pore size of the micropores is 8um, and the magnetic microporous particle material is a outsourcing product.
Example 3
The embodiment provides an emulsion explosive sensitizer, which comprises an initiator and a sensitizing material loaded by taking a magnetic microporous particle material as a carrier, wherein the initiator comprises the following components in parts by mass: 35 parts of ammonium nitrate, 110 parts of water, 2.5 parts of ferric nitrate and 8 parts of nitric acid; the sensitizing material comprises the following components in parts by mass: 11 parts of nitrite and 7 parts of aromatic nitrosamine; the volume ratio of the initiator to the magnetic microporous particle material loaded with the sensitizing material is 1: 45.
The preparation process comprises the following steps:
A. initiator: weighing ammonium nitrate, water, ferric nitrate and nitric acid according to a ratio for later use, adding a certain amount of water into a mechanically or manually stirred container, adding ammonium nitrate, stirring for 30 minutes to fully dissolve the ammonium nitrate, adding nitric acid and ferric nitrate, and finally stirring for 60 minutes to fully dissolve and uniformly mix to prepare an initiator;
B. magnetic microporous particulate material loaded with sensitizing material: dissolving nitrite and aromatic nitrosamine in water at 25-30 ℃ according to a ratio to form a saturated sensitization material solution, maintaining the temperature at 25-30 ℃, and soaking the magnetic microporous granular material in the sensitization material solution for 48 hours; after soaking, reducing the temperature of the soaking solution to-5-0 ℃ until no nitrite or aromatic nitrosamine is separated out from the soaking solution, filtering out the magnetic microporous granular material, then removing the nitrite and the aromatic nitrosamine on the surface of the magnetic microporous granular material in a sieving mode after rapid stirring, and naturally air-drying the magnetic microporous granular material.
The equivalent of the particle diameter of the magnetic microporous particle material is 2mm, the pore size of the micropores is 8um, and the magnetic microporous particle material is a outsourcing product.
Example 4
The embodiment provides an emulsion explosive sensitizer, which comprises an initiator and a sensitizing material loaded by taking a magnetic microporous particle material as a carrier, wherein the initiator comprises the following components in parts by mass: 33 parts of ammonium nitrate, 115 parts of water, 3 parts of ferric nitrate and 9 parts of nitric acid; the sensitizing material comprises the following components in parts by mass: 11 parts of nitrite and 7 parts of aromatic nitrosamine; the volume ratio of the initiator to the magnetic microporous particle material loaded with the sensitizing material is 1: 30.
The preparation process comprises the following steps:
A. initiator: weighing ammonium nitrate, water, ferric nitrate and nitric acid according to a ratio for later use, adding a certain amount of water into a mechanically or manually stirred container, adding ammonium nitrate, stirring for 30 minutes to fully dissolve the ammonium nitrate, adding nitric acid and ferric nitrate, and finally stirring for 60 minutes to fully dissolve and uniformly mix to prepare an initiator;
B. magnetic microporous particulate material loaded with sensitizing material: dissolving nitrite and aromatic nitrosamine in water at 25-30 ℃ according to a ratio to form a saturated sensitization material solution, maintaining the temperature at 25-30 ℃, and soaking the magnetic microporous granular material in the sensitization material solution for 24 hours; after soaking, reducing the temperature of the soaking solution to-5-0 ℃ until no nitrite or aromatic nitrosamine is separated out from the soaking solution, filtering out the magnetic microporous granular material, then removing the nitrite and the aromatic nitrosamine on the surface of the magnetic microporous granular material in a sieving mode after rapid stirring, and naturally air-drying the magnetic microporous granular material.
The equivalent of the particle diameter of the magnetic microporous particle material is 2mm, the pore size of the micropores is 8um, and the magnetic microporous particle material is a outsourcing product.
Example 5
The embodiment provides an emulsion explosive sensitizer, which comprises an initiator and a sensitizing material loaded by taking a magnetic microporous particle material as a carrier, wherein the initiator comprises the following components in parts by mass: 33 parts of ammonium nitrate, 115 parts of water, 3 parts of ferric nitrate and 9 parts of nitric acid; the sensitizing material comprises the following components in parts by mass: 12 parts of nitrite and 6 parts of aromatic nitrosamine; the volume ratio of the initiator to the magnetic microporous particle material loaded with the sensitizing material is 1: 30.
The preparation process comprises the following steps:
A. initiator: weighing ammonium nitrate, water, ferric nitrate and nitric acid according to a ratio for later use, adding a certain amount of water into a mechanically or manually stirred container, adding ammonium nitrate, stirring for 30 minutes to fully dissolve the ammonium nitrate, adding nitric acid and ferric nitrate, and finally stirring for 60 minutes to fully dissolve and uniformly mix to prepare an initiator;
B. magnetic microporous particulate material loaded with sensitizing material: dissolving nitrite and aromatic nitrosamine in water at 25-30 ℃ according to a ratio to form a saturated sensitization material solution, maintaining the temperature at 25-30 ℃, and soaking the magnetic microporous granular material in the sensitization material solution for 24 hours; after soaking, reducing the temperature of the soaking solution to-5-0 ℃ until no nitrite or aromatic nitrosamine is separated out from the soaking solution, filtering out the magnetic microporous granular material, then removing the nitrite and the aromatic nitrosamine on the surface of the magnetic microporous granular material in a sieving mode after rapid stirring, and naturally air-drying the magnetic microporous granular material.
The equivalent of the particle diameter of the magnetic microporous particle material is 2mm, the pore size of the micropores is 8um, and the magnetic microporous particle material is a outsourcing product.
Example 6
The embodiment provides an emulsion explosive sensitizer, which comprises an initiator and a sensitizing material loaded by taking a magnetic microporous particle material as a carrier, wherein the initiator comprises the following components in parts by mass: 35 parts of ammonium nitrate, 110 parts of water, 2.5 parts of ferric nitrate and 8 parts of nitric acid; the sensitizing material comprises the following components in parts by mass: 12 parts of nitrite and 6 parts of aromatic nitrosamine; the volume ratio of the initiator to the magnetic microporous particle material loaded with the sensitizing material is 1: 30.
The preparation process comprises the following steps:
A. initiator: weighing ammonium nitrate, water, ferric nitrate and nitric acid according to a ratio for later use, adding a certain amount of water into a mechanically or manually stirred container, adding ammonium nitrate, stirring for 30 minutes to fully dissolve the ammonium nitrate, adding nitric acid and ferric nitrate, and finally stirring for 60 minutes to fully dissolve and uniformly mix to prepare an initiator;
B. magnetic microporous particulate material loaded with sensitizing material: dissolving nitrite and aromatic nitrosamine in water at 25-30 ℃ according to a ratio to form a saturated sensitization material solution, maintaining the temperature at 25-30 ℃, and soaking the magnetic microporous granular material in the sensitization material solution for 24 hours; after soaking, reducing the temperature of the soaking solution to-5-0 ℃ until no nitrite or aromatic nitrosamine is separated out from the soaking solution, filtering out the magnetic microporous granular material, then removing the nitrite and the aromatic nitrosamine on the surface of the magnetic microporous granular material in a sieving mode after rapid stirring, and naturally air-drying the magnetic microporous granular material.
The equivalent of the particle diameter of the magnetic microporous particle material is 2mm, the pore size of the micropores is 8um, and the magnetic microporous particle material is a outsourcing product.
Example 7
The embodiment provides an emulsion explosive sensitizer, which comprises an initiator and a sensitizing material loaded by taking a magnetic microporous particle material as a carrier, wherein the initiator comprises the following components in parts by mass: 30 parts of ammonium nitrate, 110 parts of water, 2 parts of ferric nitrate and 10 parts of nitric acid; the sensitizing material comprises the following components in parts by mass: 12 parts of nitrite and 6 parts of aromatic nitrosamine; the volume ratio of the initiator to the magnetic microporous particle material loaded with the sensitizing material is 1: 30.
The preparation process comprises the following steps:
A. initiator: weighing ammonium nitrate, water, ferric nitrate and nitric acid according to a ratio for later use, adding a certain amount of water into a mechanically or manually stirred container, adding ammonium nitrate, stirring for 30 minutes to fully dissolve the ammonium nitrate, adding nitric acid and ferric nitrate, and finally stirring for 60 minutes to fully dissolve and uniformly mix to prepare an initiator;
B. magnetic microporous particulate material loaded with sensitizing material: dissolving nitrite and aromatic nitrosamine in water at 25-30 ℃ according to a ratio to form a saturated sensitization material solution, maintaining the temperature at 25-30 ℃, and soaking the magnetic microporous granular material in the sensitization material solution for 24 hours; after soaking, reducing the temperature of the soaking solution to-5-0 ℃ until no nitrite or aromatic nitrosamine is separated out from the soaking solution, filtering out the magnetic microporous granular material, then removing the nitrite and the aromatic nitrosamine on the surface of the magnetic microporous granular material in a sieving mode after rapid stirring, and naturally air-drying the magnetic microporous granular material.
The equivalent of the particle diameter of the magnetic microporous particle material is 2mm, the pore size of the micropores is 8um, and the magnetic microporous particle material is a outsourcing product.
Example 8
The embodiment provides an emulsion explosive sensitizer, which comprises an initiator and a sensitizing material loaded by taking a magnetic microporous particle material as a carrier, wherein the initiator comprises the following components in parts by mass: 35 parts of ammonium nitrate, 110 parts of water, 2.5 parts of ferric nitrate and 8 parts of nitric acid; the sensitizing material comprises the following components in parts by mass: 10 parts of nitrite and 8 parts of aromatic nitrosamine; the volume ratio of the initiator to the magnetic microporous particle material loaded with the sensitizing material is 1: 30.
The preparation process comprises the following steps:
A. initiator: weighing ammonium nitrate, water, ferric nitrate and nitric acid according to a ratio for later use, adding a certain amount of water into a mechanically or manually stirred container, adding ammonium nitrate, stirring for 30 minutes to fully dissolve the ammonium nitrate, adding nitric acid and ferric nitrate, and finally stirring for 60 minutes to fully dissolve and uniformly mix to prepare an initiator;
B. magnetic microporous particulate material loaded with sensitizing material: dissolving nitrite and aromatic nitrosamine in water at 25-30 ℃ according to a ratio to form a saturated sensitization material solution, maintaining the temperature at 25-30 ℃, and soaking the magnetic microporous granular material in the sensitization material solution for 24 hours; after soaking, reducing the temperature of the soaking solution to-5-0 ℃ until no nitrite or aromatic nitrosamine is separated out from the soaking solution, filtering out the magnetic microporous granular material, then removing the nitrite and the aromatic nitrosamine on the surface of the magnetic microporous granular material in a sieving mode after rapid stirring, and naturally air-drying the magnetic microporous granular material.
The equivalent of the particle diameter of the magnetic microporous particle material is 2mm, the pore size of the micropores is 8um, and the magnetic microporous particle material is a outsourcing product.
Comparative example 1
The embodiment provides a comparative example of an emulsion explosive sensitizer, which comprises an initiator and a sensitizing material, wherein the initiator comprises the following components in parts by mass: 35 parts of ammonium nitrate, 110 parts of water, 2.5 parts of carbamide salt and 8 parts of sodium thiocyanate; the sensitizing material comprises the following components in parts by mass: 11 parts of nitrite and 7 parts of thiourea.
The preparation process comprises the following steps:
A. initiator: weighing ammonium nitrate, water, carbamide salt and sodium thiocyanate according to a ratio for later use, adding a certain amount of water into a container stirred mechanically or manually, adding ammonium nitrate, stirring for 30 minutes to fully dissolve the ammonium nitrate, adding sodium thiocyanate and carbamide salt, and finally stirring for 60 minutes to fully dissolve and uniformly mix the ammonium nitrate, the water, the carbamide salt and the sodium thiocyanate to prepare an initiator;
B. sensitizing material: dissolving nitrite and thiourea in water at 25-30 ℃ according to a ratio to form a saturated sensitizing material solution.
Comparative example 2
On the basis of comparative example 1, 0.3 part of vegetable gum was added to each of the initiator and the sensitizing material.
Sensitization test verification 1
The sensitization step using examples 1 to 9 was as follows:
(1) pouring an initiator into the magnetic microporous particle material loaded with the sensitizing material according to a ratio at the temperature of 5-10 ℃, uniformly mixing and standing for 2 hours;
(2) adding the magnetic microporous particle material obtained by standing in the step (1) into an emulsion explosive matrix, and uniformly stirring, wherein the volume ratio of the magnetic microporous particle material to the emulsion explosive matrix is 1: 800;
(3) placing the system on a magnetic stirrer, starting the magnetic stirrer, and raising the temperature of the system to 45-49 ℃;
(4) and (3) placing the system on a powerful electromagnetic device, starting the powerful electromagnetic device, sucking the magnetic microporous particle material into the bottom of the system, and transferring the upper-layer particle-free emulsion explosive out.
The sensitization step using comparative examples 1-2 was as follows:
(1) uniformly mixing an initiator and a sensitizing material according to a volume ratio of 1:3 at 5-10 ℃, and standing for 2 hours;
(2) adding the mixed solution obtained by standing in the step (1) into an emulsion explosive matrix, and uniformly stirring, wherein the volume ratio of the mixed solution to the emulsion explosive matrix is 1: 800;
(3) and (3) placing the system on a stirrer, starting the stirrer, raising the temperature of the system to 45-49 ℃, and sensitizing for 3 hours to obtain the emulsion explosive.
The main detection data of the produced emulsion explosive are shown in a comparison table 1:
TABLE 1 comparison table of main detection data of emulsion explosive
Sensitization experiment verification 2
The sensitization step using examples 1 to 9 was as follows:
(1) pouring an initiator into the magnetic microporous particle material loaded with the sensitizing material according to a ratio at the temperature of 5-10 ℃, uniformly mixing and standing for 1 h;
(2) adding the magnetic microporous particle material obtained by standing in the step (1) into an emulsion explosive matrix, and uniformly stirring, wherein the volume ratio of the magnetic microporous particle material to the emulsion explosive matrix is 1: 500;
(3) placing the system on a magnetic stirrer, starting the magnetic stirrer, and raising the temperature of the system to 45-49 ℃;
(4) and (3) placing the system on a powerful electromagnetic device, starting the powerful electromagnetic device, sucking the magnetic microporous particle material into the bottom of the system, and transferring the upper-layer particle-free emulsion explosive out.
The sensitization step using comparative examples 1-2 was as follows:
(1) uniformly mixing an initiator and a sensitizing material according to a volume ratio of 1:3 at 5-10 ℃, and standing for 1 h;
(2) adding the mixed solution obtained by standing in the step (1) into an emulsion explosive matrix, and uniformly stirring, wherein the volume ratio of the mixed solution to the emulsion explosive matrix is 1: 500;
(3) and (3) placing the system on a stirrer, starting the stirrer, raising the temperature of the system to 45-49 ℃, and sensitizing for 3 hours to obtain the emulsion explosive.
The main detection data of the produced emulsion explosive are shown in a comparison table 2:
TABLE 2 comparison table of main detection data of emulsion explosive
Sensitization experiment verification 3
The sensitization step using examples 1 to 9 was as follows:
(1) pouring an initiator into the magnetic microporous particle material loaded with the sensitizing material according to a ratio at the temperature of 5-10 ℃, uniformly mixing and standing for 2 hours;
(2) adding the magnetic microporous particle material obtained by standing in the step (1) into an emulsion explosive matrix, and uniformly stirring, wherein the volume ratio of the magnetic microporous particle material to the emulsion explosive matrix is 1: 1000;
(3) placing the system on a magnetic stirrer, starting the magnetic stirrer, raising the temperature of the system to 45-49 ℃, and sensitizing for 3 hours;
(4) and (3) placing the system on a powerful electromagnetic device, starting the powerful electromagnetic device, sucking the magnetic microporous particle material into the bottom of the system, and transferring the upper-layer particle-free emulsion explosive out.
The sensitization step using comparative examples 1-2 was as follows:
(1) uniformly mixing an initiator and a sensitizing material according to a volume ratio of 1:3 at 5-10 ℃, and standing for 2 hours;
(2) adding the mixed solution obtained by standing in the step (1) into an emulsion explosive matrix, and uniformly stirring, wherein the volume ratio of the mixed solution to the emulsion explosive matrix is 1: 1000;
(3) and (3) placing the system on a stirrer, starting the stirrer, raising the temperature of the system to 45-49 ℃, and sensitizing for 3 hours to obtain the emulsion explosive.
The main detection data of the produced emulsion explosive are shown in a comparison table 3:
TABLE 3 comparison table of main detection data of emulsion explosive
Sensitization experiment verification 4
The sensitization step using examples 1 to 9 was as follows:
(1) pouring an initiator into the magnetic microporous particle material loaded with the sensitizing material according to a ratio at the temperature of 5-10 ℃, uniformly mixing and standing for 2 hours;
(2) adding the magnetic microporous particle material obtained by standing in the step (1) into an emulsion explosive matrix, and uniformly stirring, wherein the volume ratio of the magnetic microporous particle material to the emulsion explosive matrix is 1: 800;
(3) placing the system on a magnetic stirrer, starting the magnetic stirrer, raising the temperature of the system to 50-55 ℃, and sensitizing for 3 hours;
(4) and (3) placing the system on a powerful electromagnetic device, starting the powerful electromagnetic device, sucking the magnetic microporous particle material into the bottom of the system, and transferring the upper-layer particle-free emulsion explosive out.
The sensitization step using comparative examples 1-2 was as follows:
(1) uniformly mixing an initiator and a sensitizing material according to a volume ratio of 1:3 at 5-10 ℃, and standing for 2 hours;
(2) adding the mixed solution obtained by standing in the step (1) into an emulsion explosive matrix, and uniformly stirring, wherein the volume ratio of the mixed solution to the emulsion explosive matrix is 1: 800;
(3) and (3) placing the system on a stirrer, starting the stirrer, raising the temperature of the system to 50-55 ℃, and sensitizing for 3 hours to obtain the emulsion explosive.
The main detection data of the produced emulsion explosive are shown in a comparison table 4:
TABLE 4 comparison table of main detection data of emulsion explosive
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The emulsion explosive sensitizer is characterized by comprising an initiator and a sensitizing material loaded by taking a magnetic microporous particle material as a carrier, wherein the initiator comprises the following components in parts by mass: 30-40 parts of ammonium nitrate, 100-120 parts of water, 2-4 parts of ferric nitrate and 6-10 parts of nitric acid; the sensitizing material comprises the following components in parts by mass: 10-12 parts of nitrite and 6-8 parts of aromatic nitrosamine; the volume ratio of the initiator to the magnetic microporous particle material loaded with the sensitizing material is 1: 30-45.
2. The emulsion explosive sensitizer of claim 1, wherein said method of loading a magnetic microporous particulate material with a sensitizing material comprises the steps of:
(1) dissolving nitrite and aromatic nitrosamine in water at 25-30 ℃ according to a ratio to form a saturated sensitization material solution, maintaining the temperature at 25-30 ℃, and soaking the magnetic microporous granular material in the sensitization material solution for 24-48 hours;
(2) and after soaking for 24-48 hours, reducing the temperature of the soaking liquid to-5-0 ℃ until the soaking liquid does not separate out nitrite and aromatic nitrosamine, filtering out the magnetic microporous granular material, removing the nitrite and the aromatic nitrosamine on the surface of the magnetic microporous granular material, and naturally air-drying the magnetic microporous granular material.
3. The emulsion explosive sensitizer of claim 1, wherein the magnetic microporous particulate material has a particle diameter equivalent of 1 to 2mm and a pore size of 2 to 10 μm.
4. The emulsion explosive sensitizer of claim 1, wherein the initiator comprises the following components in parts by mass: 33-35 parts of ammonium nitrate, 110-115 parts of water, 2.5-3 parts of ferric nitrate and 8-9 parts of nitric acid.
5. The emulsion explosive sensitizer of claim 4, wherein the initiator comprises the following components in parts by mass: 35 parts of ammonium nitrate, 110 parts of water, 2.5 parts of ferric nitrate and 8 parts of nitric acid.
6. The emulsion explosive sensitizer of claim 4, wherein the initiator comprises the following components in parts by mass: 33 parts of ammonium nitrate, 115 parts of water, 3 parts of ferric nitrate and 9 parts of nitric acid.
7. The emulsion explosive sensitizer of claim 1, wherein the sensitizing material comprises the following components in parts by mass: 11-12 parts of nitrite and 6-7 parts of aromatic nitrosamine.
8. The emulsion explosive sensitizer of claim 7, wherein the sensitizing material comprises the following components in parts by mass: 11 parts of nitrite and 7 parts of aromatic nitrosamine.
9. The emulsion explosive sensitizer of claim 7, wherein the sensitizing material comprises the following components in parts by mass: 12 parts of nitrite and 6 parts of aromatic nitrosamine.
10. A method of sensitising an emulsion explosive using the sensitiser of any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
(1) pouring an initiator into the magnetic microporous particle material loaded with the sensitizing material according to a ratio at the temperature of 5-10 ℃, uniformly mixing and standing for 1-2 hours;
(2) adding the magnetic microporous particle material obtained by standing in the step (1) into an emulsion explosive matrix, and uniformly stirring, wherein the volume ratio of the magnetic microporous particle material to the emulsion explosive matrix is 1: 500-1000;
(3) placing the system on a magnetic stirrer, starting the magnetic stirrer, raising the temperature of the system to 45-55 ℃, and sensitizing for 2-3 hours;
(4) and (3) placing the system on a powerful electromagnetic device, starting the powerful electromagnetic device, sucking the magnetic microporous particle material into the bottom of the system, and transferring the upper-layer particle-free emulsion explosive out.
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Denomination of invention: A sensitizer and sensitization method for emulsion explosives Granted publication date: 20210824 Pledgee: Bank of Ningbo Co.,Ltd. Shaoxing Branch Pledgor: ZHEJIANG ZHENKAI CHEMICAL INDUSTRY Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2024980018863 |