CN110450769A - Aerotrain structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to aerotrain structures, there is the pars contractilis that cover mouth can be driven to stretch up and down including air bearing cover and air cushion road air bearing cover side, pars contractilis is flexible up and down to be changed with the spacing for adapting to compartment bottom surface and air cushion road, there is sealing element on the cover mouth of air bearing cover, multiple idler wheel mechanisms to supporting cover mouth are connected in cover mouth, idler wheel mechanism supporting cover mouth makes sealing element and air cushion road be bonded the sealing inside for air bearing cover.Idler wheel makes sealing element holding and road surface gentle touchdown, and abrasion is slow.The air bearing cover air leakage is small, required gas supply power very little.Train also using flat wheel traction device, limits vehicle traction by axis weight.The energy conservation of this aerotrain reduces each component stress, and can be compatible with the existing railway system.

Description

Aerotrain structure

Technical field

The present invention relates to aerotrain structures.

Background technique

Railway traffic is transported since in the world, majority state has status of the utmost importance to freight volume greatly and efficiently, is even more in China Play economic aortic effect.The existing about 130,000 kilometers of railways in China, wherein nearly 30,000 kilometers of high-speed rail, recovery speed per hour is up to 350 Kilometer.The magnetic suspension train of Pudong is the example of the unique comercial operation in current world's magnetic suspension field.

Railway traffic has about two one-hundred-year histories, develops to internal combustion engine and electric propulsion, mesh from initial steam machine travel Preceding electrification has become main trend.Mode of traction also develops from the concentration power of locomotive to motor-car type disperse power direction.Mesh Former world overwhelming majority train is all wheel-track type.For energy conservation and stress is reduced, it is more lighter better that people always want to car, can It is the raising with speed, air drag sharply increases, tractive force that just need be bigger, just necessary in order to avoid wheel-slip The weight of vehicle is increased, this contradiction is highlighted when train speed per hour is more than four or five hundred kilometers, becomes wheel-rail train development system About factor.

Engineers explore non-wheel-track type train technical due to the above reasons,.Method, moral, day, medium state since the last century A large amount of R&D works are done to magnetic suspension train, the sufficiently complex valuableness of magnetic suspension train has not been entered into the practical rank of scale so far Section.

Same reason, method, English, Deng state also attempt the research of aerotrain.The sixties in last century has built specially in France With aerotrain road trial run and run.Aerotrain structure thinking is basic similar with aircushion vehicle, and vehicle suspension is several from road surface in the air Millimeter, is promoted by airscrew.Due to consuming energy that big, noise is big etc., test to abandon coming to an end.Aerotrain technology by It is unfrequented.

In recent years Chinese patent literature CN202193082U discloses a kind of aerotrain patent, its composition main points are: having Gas tube is to railway carriage bottom inflatable, and bottom is with a circle rubber gas block panel, and only the portion of keeping on file is used as outlet to use on one side, such shape At the air cushion for lifting compartment.The patent is disadvantageous in that, rubber gas block panel to more than not a half rice, cannot play sealing from the ground Effect, it is impossible to be formed with the air cushion of pressure.

Chinese patent literature CN202559193U discloses a kind of aerotrain lane patent.Its composition main points are: In It is paved into a smooth bottom surface with cement between two rails, spreads one layer of wear-resisting rubber in the upper end of bottom surface.The patent is not Foot place is that it does not point out that aerotrain corresponding to the road is, because there are no air cushions in the world so far Train, former proof aerotrain are also that discord road surface contacts.

Chinese patent literature CN205801095U aerotrain patent.Its composition main points are: being laid with one kind has groove profile rail The aerial conveyor device in road is blown there are many blower, air supply duct and air door from rail base upwards, vehicle bottom and groove profile rail Air cushion is formed between road.The patent is disadvantageous in that, does not account for a section compartment by the time of air door about less than 0.2 Second, it to complete to open air door, be filled with enough pressed gas and close air door three movements within the so short time, actually not It may.

A kind of both sides sealing low pressure aerotrain patent of Chinese patent literature CN201033564Y.Its composition main points are: Utilize the balance of magnetic levitation system or itself and wheel cooperated to keep car body；The soft seals of track two sides is fixed on from side It is sealed.The patent is disadvantageous in that the speed of train reaches several ten meters per second or rice up to a hundred, and side seal will It can damage because of severe friction, or be burnt because acutely generating heat.And each compartment is one more than 20 meters long of straight rigid object, In turning, side will suppress extremely with the sealing element of curve railway.

Although above-mentioned patent is simultaneously immature, we can see that people begin to focus on the trend of aerotrain again in recent years, Aerotrain has unique advantage, us is worth to continue to research and develop.

Summary of the invention

One of main object of the present invention is to provide a kind of aerotrain structure, and the air leakage of air-cushion device is minimum, It is minimum to supply energy consumption, air cushion lifts vehicle, reduces driving energy consumption and reduces the stress of associated components, vehicle need not empty.

The two of the main object of the present invention are to provide a kind of aerotrain structure, can be with existing rail transportation system It is compatible, so that existing rail transportation system is got a promotion.

The three of the main object of the present invention are to provide a kind of aerotrain structure, make the tractive force of motor-car type train, no It is influenced by vehicle weight, the ability of lifting of air cushion is not fully exerted.

In order to realize that at least above purpose, the present invention provide a kind of aerotrain structure, including air bearing cover and air cushion Road, air bearing cover side have and can drive cover mouth flexible pars contractilis up and down, pars contractilis up and down it is flexible with adapt to compartment bottom surface with The spacing of air cushion road changes, and has sealing element on the cover mouth of air bearing cover, is connected in cover mouth multiple to supporting cover mouth Idler wheel mechanism, idler wheel mechanism supporting cover mouth make sealing element and air cushion road be bonded the sealing inside for air bearing cover.

In above-mentioned aerotrain structure, there is sealing element, sealing element and air cushion road contact, pole on the cover mouth of air bearing cover The earth reduces sewing for air cushion internal mask pressure air.Multiple idler wheel mechanisms to supporting cover mouth, idler wheel are connected in cover mouth The weight of cover mouthpiece is born, abrasion is very slow again for itself, thus gentle touchdown between sealing element and road surface, stress are minimum, only It can slowly be worn with idler wheel, until they are replaced simultaneously.

Above-mentioned aerotrain structure also has following optimization structure:

It further include the flat wheel traction device of cooperation and the track along air cushion road pavement, the flat wheel traction device includes a pair The flat wheel peace wheel compression hydraulic cylinder of power, power put down the two sides that wheel compression hydraulic cylinder makes pairs of flat wheel be clamped in track, power Flat wheel is advanced in track two sides drives aerotrain to advance.With the raising of car speed, air drag, need at a square increase Increasing vehicle weight just will not wheel-slip.The flat wheel that compression hydraulic cylinder provides is provided the clamping force of track by hydraulic system, It can be adjusted according to required vehicle traction, flat wheel traction device influences tractive force by vehicle weight, the function of air-cushion device Effect is given full play to.

Above-mentioned flat wheel traction device still further comprises inner frame, central frame and outer framework, and the flat wheel of power includes motor Peace wheel, motor drive drive flat wheel rotation, and motor peace wheel is mounted in inner frame, by flat wheel elevating mechanism promoted or under Drop, inner frame are directed in outer framework by central frame and go up and down or move horizontally, and outer framework is fixed on car bottom.

Pars contractilis preferably uses flexible concertina portion or nested pars contractilis.

Aerotrain is also equipped with cover mouth elevating mechanism, and general cover mouth elevating mechanism uses hydraulic cylinder, the piston of hydraulic cylinder Bar drives cover mouth flexible up and down by connector.When train passes through railroad grade crossing, cover mouth need be lifted, avoid cover mouth and Orbiting collision.

The air bearing cover is supplied by pressure gas source, and pressure is about in 10 kPas of orders of magnitude, and then pressure is high for gas supply foot, air cushion pair Vehicle lifts that power is also bigger, and lifting power can achieve tens of tons.The air bearing cover gas supply of each section vehicle.

The air bearing cover is preferably disposed on the centre or two sides of car bottom.

Sealing element lower surface has the maze trough for reducing gas leakage.

The air cushion road is rigid road surface, and road surface is smooth, is risen and fallen without concave-convex, and road surface and top of the rail are flat Row.

The blow device for blowing down air cushion pavement of road dust is provided in train head.Blow device can prevent dust etc. Tiny particles content is embedded between the gentle pad road of air cushion shield closure, causes to scratch.

The lower surface of sealing element is initially with the idler wheel minimum point in idler wheel mechanism in same level, and sealing element is in air cushion road The clearance seal formed after the frictional dissipation of road.

The present invention can be widely used various occasions.

It such as can be used for existing wheel track vehicle, air-cushion device be installed in its car bottom.Due to the towing force of air cushion, alleviate The axis weight of vehicle, tractive force needed for train reduce, and reach energy-saving effect, and vehicle associated components and rail driven mitigate, and extend the longevity Life reduces maintenance cost.It can be the vast constant speed car in China, lorry into one since there is compatibility with the existing railway system Step speed-raising creates conditions, and can also apply in urban track traffic.

For another example, air-cushion device peace wheel traction device can also be installed on wheel track vehicle, form novel motor-car type train. Since tractive force is not influenced by vehicle weight, there is positice ground effect, railway is impacted and is mitigated, high-speed rail speed can be made further to mention It is high.

For another example, air-cushion device peace wheel traction device can be installed on no wheel track vehicle.It needs certain using magnetcisuspension The occasion of floating train, this application mode can be used as a kind of alternative solution.It has extremely apparent cost advantage, uses simpler Single, mature technology, and there is no the problems such as electromagnetic radiation, there is very big competitiveness.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the first structural schematic diagram of air-cushion device.

Fig. 2 is the face the A-A cross-sectional view of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is second of structural schematic diagram of air-cushion device.

Fig. 4 is the face the A-A cross-sectional view of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of flat wheel traction device.

Fig. 6 is the face the A-A cross-sectional view of Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is the face the B-B cross-sectional view of Fig. 5.

Fig. 8 is each frame relations schematic diagram in flat wheel traction device.

Fig. 9 is each important document position view of train application examples 1.

Figure 10 is each important document position view of train application examples 2.

Figure 11 is each important document position view of train application examples 3.

In figure: 100. compartments, 200. air cushion roads, 300. air-cushion devices, 301. upper outlet bodies, 302. lower covers, 303. is close Sealing, 304. connectors, 306. flexible concertina portions, 308. connecting columns, 400. idler wheel mechanisms, 401. roller shafts, 402. idler wheels Bearing, 403. idler wheels, 405. flexible connectors, 500. flat wheel apparatus, 501. outer frameworks, 502. central frames, 503. inner frames, 504. flat wheel shafts, 505. driven gears, the flat wheel of 506. bearing 507., 508. driving gears, 509. motors, 510. clamping hydraulics Cylinder, 511. springs, 512. crossbeams, 513. flat wheel elevating mechanisms, 514. guide chutes, 600. pressure gas sources, 601. air supply pipes, 700. cover mouth elevating mechanisms, 701. hydraulic power sources, 702. hydraulic tubes, 703. hydraulic cylinders, 800. train rails, 900. bogies.

Specific embodiment

Foregoing summary and application examples are described further now in conjunction with attached drawing.Attached drawing is schematic diagram, but believes phase The professional technician of pass is after having seen explanation, it is to be understood that and design structure described in the invention.

Embodiment 1: the first air-cushion device.

Structural schematic diagram as shown in Figure 1 is the cross-sectional view of wheel track aerotrain herein.In conventional train rail 800 Between be laid with the air cushion road 200, at the middle part of 100 bottom of compartment, two bogie 900(are referring to Fig. 9) between The air bearing cover 300(is set referring to Fig. 9), air-cushion device 300 includes the upper outlet body 301 and lower cover 302 of nesting, above and below It can mutual sliding extension between cover.The side wall of upper and lower cover is close to, and can also install sealing additional therebetween prevents gas leakage.Lower cover Body 302 is made of on train length direction several same sections, is connected between each section by flexible connector 405, small can be become Shape makes each idler wheel 403 can reliable contacts air cushion road 200.In idler wheel mechanism 400, idler wheel 403 passes through roller shaft 401 are installed on lower cover 302, and roller bearing 402, the two sides of lower cover 302 are housed between idler wheel 403 and roller shaft 401 It is provided with cover mouth elevating mechanism 700, about 302 telescopic moving of lower cover is driven by connector.The cover oral area position of lower cover 302 Equipped with removable seal 303, the lower surface of sealing element 303 and the wheel rim minimum point of idler wheel 403 in same level, It is contacted simultaneously with air cushion road 200, the lower surface of sealing element 303 is initially with the idler wheel minimum point in idler wheel mechanism 400 same Horizontal plane, sealing element 303 can form clearance seal on air cushion road after frictional dissipation, due to clearance seal gap very Small, the amount of gas leakage is seldom.Further, the lower surface of sealing element 303 is provided with maze trough, reduces sewing for air.Idler wheel one As wear very little, be in same plane with sealing element 303 when idler wheel 403 is worn up to, at this time sealing element 303 again mild wear formed Clearance seal.

Air-cushion device 300 is passed through the air of 601 supply belt pressure of air supply pipe by pressure gas source 600.Pressure air forms gas Pad, upward to the top surface application of upper outlet body 301 lifts power, and lifting power has tens of tons, can share most of weight of vehicle.Pressure The supply gas pressure in strength source 600 is adjusted by the control centre being located in train head.

2: second air-cushion device of embodiment.

Structural schematic diagram as shown in Figure 3 is the cross section of wheel track vehicle herein.Air-cushion device 300 and air cushion road 200 are set Set has flexible concertina portion 306, the connection of idler wheel mechanism on the two sides of Chang Gui train rail 800, the cover of air-cushion device Part 304 is fixed on the lower end in flexible concertina portion 306, forms cover mouth, removable seal 303, sealing element 303 are housed on cover mouth Lower surface is provided with maze trough, reduces sewing for air.The minimum point of 403 wheel rim of lower surface and idler wheel of sealing element 303 is same On one horizontal plane, while being contacted with air cushion road 200.Hydraulic cylinder 703 is provided in the cover of air-cushion device, hydraulic cylinder 703 Piston rod is connect with connector 304, to lifting cover mouth.Hydraulic power source 701 is arranged outside air bearing cover, passes through hydraulic tube 703 and liquid Cylinder pressure connection.Air-cushion device 300 is passed through the air of 601 supply belt pressure of air supply pipe by pressure source 600.The adjusting and implementation of pressure Example 1 is the same.

The present embodiment uses the gentle pad road of two-way air-cushion device, and bigger cushion area can be obtained compared with embodiment 1, And, with the method for keeping both sides towing force different, a righting moment, Lai Tigao can be generated when train encounters lateral wind or turning Vehicle anti-overturning energy.But the cost of embodiment 2 is higher than embodiment 1.

Embodiment 1 is used interchangeably as with the air-cushion device basic principle of embodiment 2 being.

Embodiment 3: flat wheel traction device.

Structural schematic diagram as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, the outer framework 501 of traction device are fixed on 100 bottom of compartment, there is a pair Grip track 800 drive vehicle by the force of rolling friction between wheel, rail when flat 507 rotation of wheel to flat wheel 507 in the horizontal direction Traveling.Flat wheel 507 is supported that motor 509 passes through driving gear 508 and driven gear by flat wheel shaft 504 and corresponding bearing 506 505 drive rotation (can also use motor direct-drive) to constitute the flat wheel of power, and above-mentioned component is installed in inner frame 503. The clamping force of two flat wheels 507 is provided by a pair of of compression hydraulic cylinder 510, and plunger pushes down two inner frames 503, moves horizontally it and leans on Hold together, two 507 grip tracks 800. of flat wheel, which move horizontally, to be guaranteed by the guide chute 514 of inner frame 503 and central frame 502 's.When spring 511 does not work for flat wheel 507, make two flat wheels are a little to unclamp.Central frame 502 is embedded in outer framework 501, can make It moves up and down.When train is by intersecting railway, the hydraulic cylinder for putting down wheel elevating mechanism 513 passes through crossbeam 512 for central frame 502 Lift, rises flat wheel 507 and avoid collision cross track.

In order to furtherly understand how the translations such as motor, flat wheel and lifting are realized, Fig. 8 can refer to.Two central frames 502 The sum of outer length be equal to the interior length of outer framework 501, when assembly, 514 protrusion of guide chute of two central frames 502 is inserted The guide chute concave portion for entering inner frame 503 is fitted into outer framework 501 upwards after two intermediate sliding slots are drawn close.

Hydraulic system used by above three embodiments and air cushion air supply system are all controlled by the control centre of train head System.Their construction category common engineering professional knowledge is not listed in figure.

On the basis of having air-cushion device peace wheel two inventive techniques of traction device of idler wheel, by different with vehicle Combination, various new type train application modes can be createed:

Application examples 1:

As shown in figure 9, being additionally arranged at the bottom air-cushion device 300 in its compartment 100,800 two sides of track are laid with to existing wheel track vehicle Air cushion road 200.

This scheme reaches energy conservation, reduces and answer suitable for existing, the transformation of car (such as shagreen vehicle) and lorry of low velocity The effect of power and speed-raising.

Application examples 2:

As shown in Figure 10, to wheel track vehicle (including motor-car, high-speed rail), in 300 peace wheel of its 100 bottom of compartment installation air-cushion device Traction device 500,800 two sides spreading air cushion road 200 of track.A dedicated track can also be separately laid between track 800, It is used for flat wheel traction device 500.

This scheme is suitable for unpowered vehicle to change into the motor-car that air cushion mitigates car weight, is also suitable for motor-car, high-speed rail And urban rail transit vehicles, not only mitigate car weight but also increased traction power, and further increases speed creation for motor-car and high-speed rail Condition.

Application examples 3:

As shown in figure 11, in 100 bottom of the compartment of no wheel track vehicle installation air-cushion device, 300 peace wheel traction device 500.Two The intermediate of air cushion road 200 is laid with a dedicated track.

This scheme is because the area of positice ground effect is larger, same air cushion pressure, it is possible to provide bigger lifts power, and air cushion can be complete The weight for taking vehicle entirely makes vehicle " no weight " traveling, achievees the purpose that magnetic suspension train.It, can also when train breaks down To bear vehicle weight by numerous idler wheels, vehicle is slowly dragged away from scene.In the occasion that need use magnetic suspension train, due to Aerotrain mode has apparent price advantage, is a kind of competitive option.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of aerotrain structure, including air bearing cover and air cushion road, it is characterised in that air bearing cover side have can drive cover Flexible pars contractilis above and below mouthful, the pars contractilis flexible spacing variation to adapt to compartment bottom surface and air cushion road up and down, air bearing cover There is sealing element on cover mouth, multiple idler wheel mechanisms to supporting cover mouth are connected in cover mouth, idler wheel mechanism supporting cover mouth makes Sealing element and air cushion road are bonded the sealing inside for air bearing cover.

2. the aerotrain structure as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that further include cooperation flat wheel traction device and along gas The track of road pavement is padded, the flat wheel traction device includes the flat wheel peace wheel compression hydraulic cylinder of a pair of of power, the flat wheel of power Compression hydraulic cylinder makes pairs of flat wheel be clamped in the two sides of track, and the flat wheel of power is advanced in track two sides drives aerotrain row Into.

3. aerotrain structure as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that flat wheel traction device further includes inner frame, middle boxes Frame and outer framework, the flat wheel of power include motor peace wheel, and motor drive drives flat wheel rotation, and motor peace wheel is mounted on inner frame It is interior, it is promoted by flat wheel elevating mechanism or decline, inner frame is directed in outer framework by central frame and goes up and down or move horizontally, outside Frame is fixed on car bottom.

4. aerotrain structure as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that pars contractilis is flexible using flexible concertina portion or nesting Portion.

5. aerotrain structure as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that further include cover mouth elevating mechanism, cover mouth elevating mechanism Including hydraulic cylinder, the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder drives cover mouth flexible up and down by connector.

6. aerotrain structure as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the air bearing cover is set in car bottom Between or two sides.

7. aerotrain structure as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that air bearing cover is supplied by pressure gas source and its control system Gas simultaneously controls the air pressure in cover chamber.

8. aerotrain structure as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that sealing element lower surface has the labyrinth for reducing gas leakage Slot.

9. aerotrain structure as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the air cushion road is rigid road surface, road Face is smooth, and road surface is parallel with top of the rail.

10. aerotrain structure as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that be provided in train head and blow down air cushion Road The blow device of dusty complexion soil.