CN110450259A - A kind of preparation method of stalk phase transformation plate - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of stalk phase transformation plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN110450259A CN110450259A CN201910716353.4A CN201910716353A CN110450259A CN 110450259 A CN110450259 A CN 110450259A CN 201910716353 A CN201910716353 A CN 201910716353A CN 110450259 A CN110450259 A CN 110450259A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/002—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres characterised by the type of binder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/02—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres from particles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
- B27N3/10—Moulding of mats
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/06—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to solid or vice versa
- C09K5/063—Materials absorbing or liberating heat during crystallisation; Heat storage materials
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation methods of stalk phase transformation plate.The plate loads packaging phase change material using environmental protection, reproducible agricultural crop straw as raw material, using micropores a large amount of in stalk, and is pressed and molded to obtain straw board with inorganic binder magnesia oxychloride cement, and preparation method is simple, respectively (1) stalk pretreatment；(2) the ultrasonic fine crankshaft of organic phase change material；(3) load and encapsulation of the organic phase change material on stalk；(4) compression molding of straw board.The apparent density of stalk phase transformation plate of the present invention≤250 kg/m3, thermal coefficient≤0.06 W/ (mK), the heat of transformation has a good application prospect up to 108.8 J/g in heat preservation construction material field.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the straw board preparation fields of heat storing and heat preserving, more particularly to a kind of preparation side of stalk phase transformation plate
Method.
Background technique
Building energy consumption proportion in the entire energy consumption of the mankind is up to 30% or more, develops energy-saving and emission-reduction and low-carbon warp
The New Building Materials of Ji are very urgent.
Stalk is an important biomass resource in agricultural production system, China's stalk resource very abundant, annual
Theoretical resources amount is more than 1,000,000,000 tons.Stalk has excellent building performance, and in Human Architecture history, the vegetative fibers such as stalk were all once
It is used as construction material, there is lightweight, heat preservation, heat-insulated, sound absorption, toughness and energy-efficient excellent performance.Existing research table
Bright, the heat-proof quality of stalk brick wall is best, and the thermal coefficient of stalk is only the 3% of concrete thermal coefficient, specification 200 mm thickness
Wallboard, heat insulating coefficient are higher than 370 4 times of mm clay brick walls, and heat consumption of warming oneself and cost reduce by 4 times.The matter of stalk brick or stalk wallboard
Amount is about the 20% ~ 25% of clay tile wall, and cost is only the 70% of clay brick wall.Therefore, exploitation is using stalk as the novel section of raw material
Energy environmental-friendly construction material has important economic value and social value.
The heat-insulated and heat storage performance of phase change energy storage building material responds outdoor temperature variation, generates suitable decaying
And delayed-action, it is expected to which it can reach can make room temperature be in human comfort humidity province without heating and air-conditioning.Stalk is excellent
Heat preservation, it is heat-insulated, sound absorption performance and phase-change material advantage superposition, prepare phase transformation straw board new material, it is expected to make wall
Material becomes intelligent material, to realize the ultimate aim of building --- and " ideal energy saving building ".
The step of CN 103555280A discloses a kind of Organic phase change thermal storage material and its production method, this method include
The preparation of machine phase change material emulsion, the preparation of Organic phase change thermal storage material.The invention efficiently solves organic phase-change
Dispersion and compatible problem of the material in ardealite, but not can solve the Complex Problem of organic phase change material and stalk, first is that should
Technology uses common emulsifying technology, needs a large amount of emulsifiers that can just make emulsion-stabilizing；Second is that ordinary emulsion drop size usually divides
Cloth is very wide, is unfavorable for phase-change material and generates in extraneous temperature change to stablize quick phase transformation response；Third is that big emulsion droplet
Also it is loaded in stalk micropore difficult to get access by stalk.
CN109336500A discloses a kind of building wall phase change thermal-storage mortar, is formulated as follows in terms of mass parts:
Paraffin/porous activated carbon -10-30 parts of Lauxite phase-change microcapsule, 60-80 parts of cement, 120-160 parts of sand, modified starch
5-10 parts, 3-6 parts of plant fiber, 2-4 parts of redispersable latex powder, 1-3 parts of cellulose ether, 2-5 parts of water-reducing agent, coupling agent 0.5-
1.5 part.But invention phase-change material need are encapsulated to be mixed with mortar afterwards, preparation process is more complex.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of stalk phase transformation plate, which is with paraffin
Phase-change material is that paraffin forms nano-scale particle by fine crankshaft method, loads paraffin using stalk micropore confinement effect, and adopt
Paraffin is packaged with polymer emulsion.
A kind of preparation method of stalk phase transformation plate, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, stalk pretreatment
Stalk is dried to moisture content 5% hereinafter, broken with hay cutter hand hay cutter, 10 mm standard screens excessively obtain straw powder；
Step 2, the load and encapsulation of phase-change material
Solid paraffin is added in the aqueous solution of lauryl sodium sulfate, paraffin melting, stirring pre-emulsification 0.5 is then heated to
Then h uses 5 ~ 20 min of ultrasonic cell disruption instrument ultrasound fine crankshaft, paraffin miniemulsion is obtained, then in paraffin miniemulsion
Polymer emulsion is added, obtains phase transformation mixed liquor；
Step 3, load and encapsulation of the phase-change material on stalk
The phase transformation mixed liquor that step 2 obtains is uniformly mixed in a mixer with straw powder, is dried at room temperature；
Step 4, the compression molding of straw board
Using magnesia oxychloride cement as the binder of phase transformation stalk, stalk phase transformation plate is prepared by compression molding.
It is that polymer emulsion described in step 2 is one in pure-acrylic emulsion, styrene-acrylic emulsion or silicone acrylic emulsion as improved
Kind.
It is paraffin, lauryl sodium sulfate, H in phase transformation mixed liquor described in step 2 as improved2O, polymer cream
The mass ratio of liquid is 1:0.005 ~ 0.02:3 ~ 10:0.02 ~ 0.1.
It is that the mass ratio of straw powder described in step 3 and phase transformation mixed liquor is 1:2 ~ 5 as improved.
Be as improved, magnesia oxychloride cement in step 4: the mass ratio of stalk is 0.05 ~ 0.2:1.
Preparation principle: paraffin is made to be dispersed into nano-scale particle by ultrasonic fine crankshaft method, and surface is by surfactant
Package, is supported in stalk micropore to easily enter；Polymer emulsion can form a film at normal temperature, and paraffin cladding is encapsulated
Come, the leakage of wax phase change liquid can be prevented；It uses magnesia oxychloride cement for the binder of stalk, load is had into stone by pressure forming
The stalk of wax is pressed into plate.
The utility model has the advantages that
Compared with prior art, remarkable advantage of the invention is: (1) innovatively passing through ultrasonic fine crankshaft method for organic phase-change
Material paraffin is dispersed into nano-scale particle, and paraffin particles are outer to be coated by surfactant, and hydrophily enhancing is conducive to enter stalk
Micropore is simultaneously supported；(2) paraffin particles are nanoscale, and transmission range is short in the grain for heat, and paraffin particles particle diameter distribution is equal
It is even, quick phase transformation can be generated to extraneous temperature change and responded；(3) the good room temperature film-forming performance of polymer emulsion is utilized, it is right
The phase-change material being carried in stalk micropore is packaged, and can effectively prevent the leakage of phase-transition liquid, and the waterproof of stalk can be improved
Performance；(4) it is straw bonding agent using the magnesia oxychloride cement with stalk with good combination performance, straw is obtained by pressure forming
Stalk plate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curve of the stalk phase transformation plate of paraffin refined wax and the preparation of embodiment 2, wherein
It (a) is paraffin refined wax, (b) the stalk phase transformation plate prepared for embodiment 2.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described combined with specific embodiments below.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of stalk phase transformation plate, comprising the following steps:
(1) stalk pretreatment: stalk is dried to moisture content 5% hereinafter, cutting up with a hay cutter broken, 10 mm standard screens excessively with hay cutter；
(2) load and encapsulation of phase-change material: solid paraffin is added in the aqueous solution of lauryl sodium sulfate, is then heated
It is extremely paraffin melting, 0.5 h of pre-emulsification is stirred, 10 min of ultrasonic cell disruption instrument ultrasound fine crankshaft is then used, it is thin to obtain paraffin
Then a certain amount of polymer emulsion is added in lotion in paraffin miniemulsion, obtain phase transformation mixed liquor, stone in phase transformation mixed liquor
Wax: lauryl sodium sulfate: H2O: the mass ratio of polymer emulsion is 1:0.01:5:0.04；
(3) load and encapsulation of the phase-change material on stalk: the phase transformation mixed liquor and stalk that step (2) is obtained are in a mixer
Be uniformly mixed, dry to obtain phase transformation stalk at room temperature, stalk: the mass ratio of phase transformation mixed liquor is 1:4；
(4) using magnesia oxychloride cement as the binder of phase transformation stalk, stalk the compression molding of straw board: is prepared by compression molding
Phase transformation plate, magnesia oxychloride cement: the mass ratio of phase transformation stalk is 0.1:1.
Pass through quality measurement and volume and straw board superficial density is calculated, straw are measured by heat conduction coefficient tester
Stalk sheet material heat conducting coefficient is measured the latent heat of stalk phase transformation plate by differential scanning calorimetry, is seen by scanning electron microscope
Examine plate microscopic appearance.
239.2 kg/m of straw board apparent density of preparation3, 0.056 W/ of thermal coefficient (mK), phase transformation setting plate
Latent heat be 84.7 J/g, scanning electron microscopic observation plate pattern does not have significant change after 100 Frozen-thawed cycleds.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of stalk phase transformation plate, comprising the following steps:
(1) stalk pretreatment: stalk is dried to moisture content 5% hereinafter, cutting up with a hay cutter broken, 10 mm standard screens excessively with hay cutter；
(2) load and encapsulation of phase-change material: solid paraffin is added in the aqueous solution of lauryl sodium sulfate, is then heated
It is extremely paraffin melting, 0.5 h of pre-emulsification is stirred, 10 min of ultrasonic cell disruption instrument ultrasound fine crankshaft is then used, it is thin to obtain paraffin
Then a certain amount of polymer emulsion is added in lotion in paraffin miniemulsion, obtain phase transformation mixed liquor, stone in phase transformation mixed liquor
Wax: lauryl sodium sulfate: H2O: the mass ratio of polymer emulsion is 1:0.02:3:0.04；
(3) load and encapsulation of the phase-change material on stalk: the phase transformation mixed liquor and stalk that step (2) is obtained are in a mixer
Be uniformly mixed, dry to obtain phase transformation stalk at room temperature, stalk: the mass ratio of phase transformation mixed liquor is 1:4；
(4) using magnesia oxychloride cement as the binder of phase transformation stalk, stalk the compression molding of straw board: is prepared by compression molding
Phase transformation plate, magnesia oxychloride cement: the mass ratio of phase transformation stalk is 0.1:1.
Test method is with shown in embodiment 1,240.4 kg/m of straw board apparent density of preparation3, thermal coefficient 0.049
W/ (mK), the shape latent heat of plate of phase transformation is 108.8 J/g, and scanning electron microscopic observation plate pattern is not after 100 Frozen-thawed cycleds
There is significant change.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of stalk phase transformation plate, comprising the following steps:
(1) stalk pretreatment: stalk is dried to moisture content 5% hereinafter, cutting up with a hay cutter broken, 10 mm standard screens excessively with hay cutter；
(2) load and encapsulation of phase-change material: solid paraffin is added in the aqueous solution of lauryl sodium sulfate, is then heated
It is extremely paraffin melting, 0.5 h of pre-emulsification is stirred, 10 min of ultrasonic cell disruption instrument ultrasound fine crankshaft is then used, it is thin to obtain paraffin
Then a certain amount of polymer emulsion is added in lotion in paraffin miniemulsion, obtain phase transformation mixed liquor, stone in phase transformation mixed liquor
Wax: lauryl sodium sulfate: H2O: the mass ratio of polymer emulsion is 1:0.005:10:0.04；
(3) load and encapsulation of the phase-change material on stalk: the phase transformation mixed liquor and stalk that step (2) is obtained are in a mixer
Be uniformly mixed, dry to obtain phase transformation stalk at room temperature, stalk: the mass ratio of phase transformation mixed liquor is 1:4；
(4) using magnesia oxychloride cement as the binder of phase transformation stalk, stalk the compression molding of straw board: is prepared by compression molding
Phase transformation plate, magnesia oxychloride cement: the mass ratio of phase transformation stalk is 0.1:1.
Test method is with shown in embodiment 1,243.5 kg/m of straw board apparent density of preparation3, thermal coefficient 0.051
W/ (mK), the shape latent heat of plate of phase transformation is 50.2 J/g, and scanning electron microscopic observation plate pattern is not after 100 Frozen-thawed cycleds
There is significant change.
Embodiment 4
A kind of preparation method of stalk phase transformation plate, comprising the following steps:
(1) stalk pretreatment: stalk is dried to moisture content 5% hereinafter, cutting up with a hay cutter broken, 10 mm standard screens excessively with hay cutter；
(2) load and encapsulation of phase-change material: solid paraffin is added in the aqueous solution of lauryl sodium sulfate, is then heated
It is extremely paraffin melting, 0.5 h of pre-emulsification is stirred, 10 min of ultrasonic cell disruption instrument ultrasound fine crankshaft is then used, it is thin to obtain paraffin
Then a certain amount of polymer emulsion is added in lotion in paraffin miniemulsion, obtain phase transformation mixed liquor, stone in phase transformation mixed liquor
Wax: lauryl sodium sulfate: H2O: the mass ratio of polymer emulsion is 1:0.02:3:0.02；
(3) load and encapsulation of the phase-change material on stalk: the phase transformation mixed liquor and stalk that step (2) is obtained are in a mixer
Be uniformly mixed, dry to obtain phase transformation stalk at room temperature, stalk: the mass ratio of phase transformation mixed liquor is 1:4；
(4) using magnesia oxychloride cement as the binder of phase transformation stalk, stalk the compression molding of straw board: is prepared by compression molding
Phase transformation plate, magnesia oxychloride cement: the mass ratio of phase transformation stalk is 0.1:1.
Test method is with shown in embodiment 1,238.8 kg/m of straw board apparent density of preparation3, thermal coefficient 0.046
The latent heat of W/ (mK), phase transformation setting plate are 109.2 J/g, and scanning electron microscopic observation plate pattern is found after 10 Frozen-thawed cycleds
Part paraffin is revealed from polymer film is gathered into big partial size paraffin particles.
Embodiment 5
A kind of preparation method of stalk phase transformation plate, comprising the following steps:
(1) stalk pretreatment: stalk is dried to moisture content 5% hereinafter, cutting up with a hay cutter broken, 10 mm standard screens excessively with hay cutter；
(2) load and encapsulation of phase-change material: solid paraffin is added in the aqueous solution of lauryl sodium sulfate, is then heated
It is extremely paraffin melting, 0.5 h of pre-emulsification is stirred, 10 min of ultrasonic cell disruption instrument ultrasound fine crankshaft is then used, it is thin to obtain paraffin
Then a certain amount of polymer emulsion is added in lotion in paraffin miniemulsion, obtain phase transformation mixed liquor, stone in phase transformation mixed liquor
Wax: lauryl sodium sulfate: H2O: the mass ratio of polymer emulsion is 1:0.02:3:0.04；
(3) load and encapsulation of the phase-change material on stalk: the phase transformation mixed liquor and stalk that step (2) is obtained are in a mixer
Be uniformly mixed, dry to obtain phase transformation stalk at room temperature, stalk: the mass ratio of phase transformation mixed liquor is 1:4；
(4) using magnesia oxychloride cement as the binder of phase transformation stalk, stalk the compression molding of straw board: is prepared by compression molding
Phase transformation plate, magnesia oxychloride cement: the mass ratio of phase transformation stalk is 0.2:1.
Test method is with shown in embodiment 1,278.9 kg/m of straw board apparent density of preparation3, thermal coefficient 0.066
The latent heat of W/ (mK), phase transformation setting plate are 86.3 J/g, there is scanning electron microscopic observation plate pattern after 100 Frozen-thawed cycleds
Significant change.
Embodiment 6
A kind of preparation method of stalk phase transformation plate, comprising the following steps:
(1) stalk pretreatment: stalk is dried to moisture content 5% hereinafter, cutting up with a hay cutter broken, 10 mm standard screens excessively with hay cutter；
(2) load and encapsulation of phase-change material: solid paraffin is added in the aqueous solution of lauryl sodium sulfate, is then heated
It is extremely paraffin melting, 0.5 h of pre-emulsification is stirred, 10 min of ultrasonic cell disruption instrument ultrasound fine crankshaft is then used, it is thin to obtain paraffin
Then a certain amount of polymer emulsion is added in lotion in paraffin miniemulsion, obtain phase transformation mixed liquor, stone in phase transformation mixed liquor
Wax: lauryl sodium sulfate: H2O: the mass ratio of polymer emulsion is 1:0.02:3:0.04；
(3) load and encapsulation of the phase-change material on stalk: the phase transformation mixed liquor and stalk that step (2) is obtained are in a mixer
Be uniformly mixed, dry to obtain phase transformation stalk at room temperature, stalk: the mass ratio of phase transformation mixed liquor is 1:4；
(4) using magnesia oxychloride cement as the binder of phase transformation stalk, stalk the compression molding of straw board: is prepared by compression molding
Phase transformation plate, magnesia oxychloride cement: the mass ratio of phase transformation stalk is 0.05:1.
Test method is with shown in embodiment 1,228.3 kg/m of straw board apparent density of preparation3, plate forming is difficult,
0.045 W/ of thermal coefficient (mK), the latent heat of phase transformation setting plate are 117.8 J/g, scanning electron microscope after 100 Frozen-thawed cycleds
Observation plate pattern does not have significant change.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to this, it is any ripe
Know those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present disclosure, the letter for the technical solution that can be become apparent to
Altered or equivalence replacement are fallen within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of preparation method of stalk phase transformation plate, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1, stalk pretreatment
Stalk is dried to moisture content 5% hereinafter, broken with hay cutter hand hay cutter, 10 mm standard screens excessively obtain straw powder；
Step 2, the load and encapsulation of phase-change material
Solid paraffin is added in the aqueous solution of lauryl sodium sulfate, paraffin melting, stirring pre-emulsification 0.5 is then heated to
Then h uses 5 ~ 20 min of ultrasonic cell disruption instrument ultrasound fine crankshaft, paraffin miniemulsion is obtained, then in paraffin miniemulsion
Polymer emulsion is added, obtains phase transformation mixed liquor；
Step 3, load and encapsulation of the phase-change material on stalk
The phase transformation mixed liquor that step 2 obtains is uniformly mixed in a mixer with straw powder, is dried at room temperature；
Step 4, the compression molding of straw board
Using magnesia oxychloride cement as the binder of phase transformation stalk, stalk phase transformation plate is prepared by compression molding.
2. a kind of preparation method of stalk phase transformation plate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that gather described in step 2
Closing object lotion is one of pure-acrylic emulsion, styrene-acrylic emulsion or silicone acrylic emulsion.
3. a kind of preparation method of stalk phase transformation plate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that phase described in step 2
Become paraffin, lauryl sodium sulfate, H in mixed liquor2O, the mass ratio of polymer emulsion be 1:0.005 ~ 0.02:3 ~ 10:0.02 ~
0.1。
4. a kind of preparation method of stalk phase transformation plate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that straw described in step 3
The mass ratio of stalk powder and phase transformation mixed liquor is 1:2 ~ 5.
5. a kind of preparation method of stalk phase transformation plate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that chlorine oxygen magnesium in step 4
Cement: the mass ratio of stalk is 0.05 ~ 0.2:1.
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| CN111534071A (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2020-08-14 | 江苏中恒宠物用品股份有限公司 | Straw/polylactic acid composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113149528A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-07-23 | 河南省宜居建材科技有限公司 | Novel condensed phase-change thermal insulation material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113403038A (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2021-09-17 | 山东理工大学 | Preparation method of composite phase change energy storage material based on straw waste |
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| CN110450259B (en) | 2022-05-10 |
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